Emerging Contaminants最新文献_第3页

Low nitrogen in biogas slurry application mitigates antibiotic resistance genes in soil 施用低氮沼液可减轻土壤中的抗生素抗性基因

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100594

Xiang Zhao , Jian Wang , Yufei Li , Qianqian Lang , Jijin Li , Bensheng Liu , Guoyuan Zou , Junxiang Xu , Qinping Sun

Agricultural soils treated with biogas slurry (BS) have been extensively recognized as hotspots for the development of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The application of BS has been demonstrated to significantly elevate the levels of ARGs in soil. However, there remains a limited understanding of how different nitrogen contents within BS affect ARG profiles. The objectives of this study were to explore the changes in ARGs in soil, as well as the potential mechanisms between BS application dosages and ARG patterns through Illumina sequencing and high-throughput quantitative PCR under five amounts of BS application according to the nitrogen contents. Results indicated that no significant alterations were noticed in the abundance of ARGs under low BS applications (0–120 kg N ha⁻¹) comparing to S0, and bacterial networks with different network hubs indicated that significant relationships occurred at high BS treatment (180 kg N ha⁻¹), as well as the highest abundance of ARGs and bacterial abundance observed. However, when the BS application at 240 kg N ha⁻¹ which the soil under saturated conditions, the abundance of ARGs decreased in response to a decrease in bacterial number comparing to 180 kg N ha⁻¹. Structural equation models indicated that the content of NH₄⁺-N in soil was the direct driving factor influencing ARG characterizations in BS-amended soil. In summary, low nitrogen contents within BS (under 180 kg N ha⁻¹) reduced the increase of ARGs in soil, high nitrogen contents (180–240 kg N ha⁻¹) could directly elevate the abundance of ARGs through the introduction of amended nitrogen, disinfection effect of BS played a key role in the decrease of ARGs under anaerobic environments (above 240 kg N ha⁻¹). These findings enhanced our understanding of BS application with different nitrogen contents on ARGs in soil, with significant environmental implications for the precise application of BS and high value utilization.

经沼液处理的农业土壤已被广泛认为是抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）开发的热点。BS的施用已被证明可以显著提高土壤中ARGs的含量。然而，对BS中不同氮含量如何影响ARG剖面的理解仍然有限。本研究的目的是通过Illumina测序和高通量定量PCR，根据土壤含氮量，探讨5种BS施用量下土壤ARG的变化，以及BS施用量与ARG模式之间的潜在机制。结果表明，低BS处理（0-120 kg N ha−1）下ARGs丰度与S0相比没有显著变化，不同网络枢纽的细菌网络表明，高BS处理（180 kg N ha−1）下ARGs丰度和细菌丰度存在显著关系，并且观察到ARGs丰度和细菌丰度最高。然而，与180 kg N ha−1相比，当施用240 kg N ha−1时，土壤处于饱和状态，ARGs丰度随着细菌数量的减少而下降。结构方程模型表明，土壤中NH4+-N含量是影响bs改良土壤ARG特征的直接驱动因素。综上所述，BS内低氮含量（180 kg N ha−1以下）降低了土壤ARGs的增加，高氮含量（180 ~ 240 kg N ha−1）可通过引入补氮直接提高ARGs的丰度，厌氧环境下（240 kg N ha−1以上）BS的消毒效果对ARGs的减少起关键作用。这些研究结果增强了我们对土壤中不同氮含量ARGs中BS应用的认识，对BS的精确应用和高价值利用具有重要的环境意义。

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引用次数: 0

Evolution and associated environmental pollution risks of micro- and nanoplastics through landfill processes 微塑料和纳米塑料在垃圾填埋过程中的演变及其相关的环境污染风险

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100593

Yicheng Yang , Fan Lü , Hua Zhang , Pinjing He

Plastic pollution has garnered increasing global attention, with secondary micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) being recognized as emerging contaminants and becoming growing environmental challenges. Due to their ubiquity and persistence, MNPs pose a significant risk to ecosystems and human health. Landfills are the main sink for waste plastics and have become important a source of MNP generation. This review synthesized existing research on the distribution, impact, and toxicity of MNPs across diverse environments. Focusing on the complex environment in landfills, the fragmentation pathways of waste plastics and the occurrence of MNPs were reviewed, with particular attention to the analytical challenges posed by their detection. By analysing the evolution, leakage, and migration behaviours of waste plastics in landfills, their potential implications for the global carbon cycle as carbon-rich materials were revealed. Furthermore, this review also discussed MNP release risks during landfill remediation, such as landfill mining, providing insights for pollution control strategies for landfills.

塑料污染已引起全球越来越多的关注，次级微纳米塑料（MNPs）被认为是新兴的污染物，并成为日益严峻的环境挑战。由于它们的普遍存在和持续存在，MNPs对生态系统和人类健康构成重大风险。垃圾填埋场是废塑料的主要储存库，并已成为MNP产生的重要来源。本文综述了MNPs在不同环境中的分布、影响和毒性的现有研究。针对垃圾填埋场的复杂环境，综述了废塑料的破碎途径和MNPs的发生，并特别关注了它们的检测所带来的分析挑战。通过分析垃圾填埋场中废塑料的演变、泄漏和迁移行为，揭示了它们作为富碳材料对全球碳循环的潜在影响。此外，本文还讨论了垃圾填埋场修复过程中MNP的释放风险，如垃圾填埋场采矿，为垃圾填埋场污染控制策略提供见解。

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引用次数: 0

Methyl and propylparaben elicit distinct thyroid-disrupting effects in a rat thyroid cell model 对羟基苯甲酸甲酯和丙酯在大鼠甲状腺细胞模型中引起明显的甲状腺破坏作用

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100592

Alessia Greco , Francesca Coperchini , Elena Franchi , Marco Denegri , Laura Croce , Marsida Teliti , Benedetto Calì , Tshering Dorji , Flavia Magri , Mario Rotondi

Parabens, including methylparaben (MtP) and propylparaben (PrP), are synthetic preservatives commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products. Increasing evidence suggests that these compounds may act as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), but their effects on thyroid function remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of MtP and PrP on cell viability, proliferation, oxidative stress, thyroid-related gene expression, genotoxicity, and effects on cAMP in differentiated FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells. FRTL-5 cells were treated with MtP or PrP at concentrations of 0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg/ml for 24, 48, and 72 h. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed by WST-1 and crystal violet assays, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was measured using a DCFDA-based fluorescence assay. Gene expression of thyroid-related genes (TG, TSHR, NIS, NKX2-1, PAX8, TPO) was quantified by real-time PCR. Micronuclei formation was evaluated as a marker of genotoxicity. Intracellular cAMP levels were measured using an ELISA-based method. PrP at 100 μg/ml significantly reduced cell viability (after 72 h) and proliferation (after 48–72 h) at difference with MtP. Both PrP 100 μg/ml and MtP 10–100 μg/ml increased ROS levels. PrP and MtP induced complex, dose-dependent, and non-monotonic changes in gene expression. Notably, PrP 10 μg/ml upregulated most thyroid-related genes, while PrP 100 μg/ml suppressed them. cAMP levels increased significantly with PrP 100 μg/ml. No significant genotoxicity was observed. In conclusion, MtP and PrP exert different effects on thyroid cells, supporting their potential role as thyroid-disrupting chemicals.

对羟基苯甲酸酯，包括对羟基苯甲酸甲酯（MtP）和对羟基苯甲酸丙酯（PrP），是合成防腐剂，通常用于化妆品和个人护理产品。越来越多的证据表明，这些化合物可能具有内分泌干扰化学物质（EDCs）的作用，但它们对甲状腺功能的影响仍不完全清楚。本研究旨在探讨MtP和PrP对FRTL-5分化大鼠甲状腺细胞的细胞活力、增殖、氧化应激、甲状腺相关基因表达、遗传毒性的影响，以及对cAMP的影响。分别用浓度为0、0.001、0.01、0.1、1、10和100 μg/ml的MtP或PrP处理FRTL-5细胞24、48和72 h，采用WST-1法和结晶紫法检测细胞活力和增殖能力。采用基于dcfda的荧光法测定活性氧（ROS）的生成。实时荧光定量PCR检测甲状腺相关基因（TG、TSHR、NIS、NKX2-1、PAX8、TPO）的表达。微核形成被评价为遗传毒性的标志。采用elisa法测定细胞内cAMP水平。与MtP相比，100 μg/ml PrP显著降低了72 h后的细胞活力和48-72 h后的细胞增殖。PrP 100 μg/ml和MtP 10-100 μg/ml均升高ROS水平。PrP和MtP诱导复杂的、剂量依赖性的、非单调性的基因表达变化。值得注意的是，prp10 μg/ml上调了大多数甲状腺相关基因，而prp100 μg/ml抑制了它们。当PrP为100 μg/ml时，cAMP水平显著升高。未观察到明显的遗传毒性。综上所述，MtP和PrP对甲状腺细胞有不同的影响，支持它们作为甲状腺干扰物的潜在作用。

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引用次数: 0

Elucidating the migration characterization of antibiotic resistance genes in waste activated sludge from four distinct industrial wastewaters 阐明了四种不同工业废水中活性污泥中抗生素抗性基因的迁移特性

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100591

Guotao Liu , Zhaoqiong Chen , Hongmei Yang , Zhongjun Huang , Siyu Hou

The harmless treatment of industrial wastewater WAS (waste activated sludge) is a critical issue related to public health, in which understanding the occurrence and transfer characteristics of ARGs (antibiotic resistance genes) is urgent. Given the significant variations across different industries, ARGs transfer risks tend to differ substantially. To comparatively analyze the above issues and then proposed targeted management strategies, this study therefore selected WAS from four representative industrial sectors: pesticide factory (PF), traditional Chinese medicine factory (TCMF), canned meat processing factory (CMPF), and chemical industrial factory (CF). Results demonstrated these four WAS types could be classified into two groups for tailored management: PF and CF, TCMF and CMPF. All four WAS contained various organic compounds, with PF and CF may showing relatively higher toxicity, which inhibited microbial growth and reduced relative abundance of ARGs carriage. However, MGE (mobile genetic elements) were enriched, thereby promoting horizontal transfer of ARGs. Conversely, TCMF and CMPF provided conditions for microbial proliferation, generating more virulence factors and carrying higher ARGs relative loads. Vertical transfer maybe the dominate ARGs transfer pathway in these WAS, followed by conjugation. Above results demonstrated that subsequent WAS treatment should adopt category-specific, integrated technological approaches: PF and CF required thorough organic degradation coupled with MGE suppression in PF and plasmid inactivation in CF, while TCMF and CMPF necessitated complete microbial inactivation and CMPF needed augment the inhibition of biofilm formation. This tailored strategy provided an insight into ARGs control for advancing industrial WAS harmless treatment.

工业废水WAS（废弃活性污泥）的无害化处理是关系到公共卫生的关键问题，其中了解ARGs（抗生素耐药基因）的发生和转移特征迫在眉睫。鉴于不同行业之间的显著差异，arg的转移风险往往存在很大差异。为了对上述问题进行比较分析，提出针对性的管理策略，本研究选择了农药工厂（PF）、中药材工厂（TCMF）、肉类罐头加工厂（CMPF）和化工工厂（CF）四个具有代表性的工业部门的WAS。结果表明，这四种WAS类型可分为两组进行针对性管理：PF和CF， TCMF和CMPF。4种WAS均含有多种有机化合物，其中PF和CF可能具有较高的毒性，抑制了微生物的生长，降低了ARGs携带的相对丰度。而MGE （mobile genetic elements）富集，促进了ARGs的水平转移。相反，TCMF和CMPF为微生物增殖提供了条件，产生更多的毒力因子，携带更高的ARGs相对负荷。垂直转移可能是这些WAS中主要的ARGs转移途径，其次是偶联。上述结果表明，后续WAS处理应采用分类、综合的技术方法：PF和CF需要彻底的有机降解，并在PF中抑制MGE，在CF中灭活质粒，而TCMF和CMPF需要完全灭活微生物，CMPF需要增强对生物膜形成的抑制。这种量身定制的策略为推进工业WAS无害处理提供了对ARGs控制的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Synthetic antioxidants in Chinese urban green Spaces: From emerging contaminants to environmental and public health risks 中国城市绿地中的合成抗氧化剂：从新兴污染物到环境和公共健康风险

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100590

Jing Li , Hao Tian , Yuying Ding , Yongfeng Deng , Hongli Tan

Synthetic antioxidants (SAOs) as emerging environmental contaminants have garnered increasing attention. Urban park soils constitute significant reservoirs for pollutants; however, understanding of the occurrence characteristics, potential sources, and risk implications of SAOs in these matrices remains limited. This study presents the first investigation of 13 traditional and 44 novel SAOs in urban park soils across Guangzhou, Shijiazhuang, and Ürümqi, China. All target SAOs were detected, with detection frequencies spanning 1.8 %–100 %. Total SAO concentrations exhibited a wide range of 231.6–21,477.2 ng/g (median: 3487.0 ng/g), with BHT-CHO, DTPD, and 6PPD identified as the dominant contributors, and novel SAOs dominated the contamination profile at most sites. Although regional variations occurred in individual SAO concentrations, the overall pollution burden exhibited spatial homogeneity across the three cities. Potential sources were inferred as TWPs-derived pollution sources, industrial emissions or specialized rubber product sources, degradation-related sources, multimodal contamination sources, and specialized industrial additive sources. The estimated ecological risk quotient of BHT-CHO and the selected SAOs mixture were more than 1.0, whereas the potential health risks to children and adults were relatively low. This study advances understanding of environmental exposure in urban green spaces and provides a scientific basis for targeted mitigation strategies to reduce ecological impacts and human exposure.

合成抗氧化剂作为一种新兴的环境污染物越来越受到人们的关注。城市公园土壤是污染物的重要储存库；然而，对这些矩阵中sao的发生特征、潜在来源和风险含义的理解仍然有限。本研究首次调查了广州、石家庄和Ürümqi城市公园土壤中的13个传统SAOs和44个新型SAOs。所有目标sao均被检测到，检测频率范围为1.8% ~ 100%。SAO的总浓度范围为231.6 - 21477.2 ng/g（中位数：3487.0 ng/g）， BHT-CHO、DTPD和6PPD被确定为主要的污染源，而新型SAO在大多数地点的污染特征中占主导地位。虽然各个城市的SAO浓度存在区域差异，但总体污染负担在三个城市之间表现出空间同质性。潜在的污染源被推断为twps衍生的污染源、工业排放或专门的橡胶制品源、与降解有关的污染源、多模式污染源和专门的工业添加剂源。BHT-CHO和所选SAOs混合物的生态风险商数均大于1.0，对儿童和成人的潜在健康风险相对较低。该研究促进了对城市绿地环境暴露的认识，为制定有针对性的缓解策略以减少生态影响和人类暴露提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Exposure to novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) drives obesity via PPARγ-mediated adipogenesis: A cross-ethnic study in aging agro-pastoral communities 暴露于新型溴化阻燃剂（NBFRs）通过ppar γ介导的脂肪生成驱动肥胖：一项老龄化农牧社区的跨种族研究

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100589

Jianing Zheng , Jie Sun , Yuanjie Kang , Yuhao Fan , Junjie Jiang , Ye Wu , Qianxue Yang , Ying Wang , Weizhi Liu , Moson Dalutai , Jun Jin

The global obesity epidemic is increasingly linked to environmental chemical exposure, yet the role of novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) remains poorly understood. In this cross-ethnic study of elderly agro-pastoralists in Inner Mongolia, we compared serum NBFRs levels and metabolic biomarkers between Mongolian (n = 30) and Han (n = 47) populations. The Mongolian group, with relatively higher meat/dairy-rich diets, showed significantly higher NBFR concentrations, body mass index (BMI), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Alarmingly, 72.7 % of participants were classified as overweight/obese, far exceeding China's national average. Serum pentabromotoluene (PBT), pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB), and pentabromobenzyl acrylate (PBBA) showed significant positive correlations with BMI (p < 0.05). The quantile G-computation (QGC) model further revealed that PBBA exerted particularly prominent effects on BMI. Strikingly, piecewise regression revealed accelerated NBFRs accumulation in individuals with BMI≥28 (p < 0.05), indicating a bidirectional “NBFRs-BMI feedback loop”. Molecular docking studies demonstrated that PBBA and PBT exhibit a higher binding affinity to PPARγ than the conventional agonist Rosiglitazone, with specific interactions at key amino acid residues (ARG-288 and ILE-326) on helix H3. These findings suggest that PBBA and PBT may act as novel PPARγ agonists, potentially promoting adipogenesis and consequently leading to weight gain.

全球肥胖流行越来越多地与环境化学品暴露有关，但新型溴化阻燃剂（NBFRs）的作用仍然知之甚少。在这项对内蒙古老年农牧民的跨民族研究中，我们比较了蒙古族（n = 30）和汉族（n = 47）人群的血清NBFRs水平和代谢生物标志物。蒙古人饮食中肉类/乳制品含量相对较高，NBFR浓度、体重指数（BMI）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）明显较高。令人担忧的是，72.7%的参与者被归类为超重/肥胖，远远超过中国的全国平均水平。血清五溴甲苯（PBT）、五溴乙苯（PBEB）、丙烯酸五溴苄酯（PBBA）与BMI呈显著正相关（p < 0.05）。分位数g计算（QGC）模型进一步揭示了PBBA对BMI的影响尤为显著。值得注意的是，分段回归显示BMI≥28的个体NBFRs积累加速（p < 0.05），表明存在双向的“NBFRs-BMI反馈回路”。分子对接研究表明，PBBA和PBT与PPARγ的结合亲和力高于传统的激动剂罗格列酮，在螺旋H3上的关键氨基酸残基（ARG-288和ILE-326）上具有特异性相互作用。这些发现表明PBBA和PBT可能作为新的PPARγ激动剂，潜在地促进脂肪形成，从而导致体重增加。

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引用次数: 0

Co(II)/peracetic acid process enables efficient dichlorophenol degradation with negligible regulated chlorinated disinfection byproducts formation Co(II)/过氧乙酸工艺可有效降解二氯苯酚，可忽略不计的调节氯化消毒副产物的形成

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100588

Longjiong Chen, Shaogui Yang, Hui Cao, Leliang Wu, Chengyu Yan, Linlin Hou, Chengdu Qi, Huan He

As a refractory toxic and bioaccumulative emerging contaminant, there is an urgent need for environmentally friendly water treatment processes to destroy 2,6-dichlorophenol (2,6-DCP). The present study evaluated the degradation of 2,6-DCP and regulated chlorinated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) formation in the Co(II)/peracetic acid (PAA) process. The findings demonstrated that the neutral Co(II)/PAA process exhibited a remarkable 2,6-DCP degradation efficiency with a rate constant of 0.126 min⁻¹. Furthermore, an increase in the PAA or Co(II) dosage led to higher degradation efficiency. Scavenging experiments and electron spin resonance analysis identified that CH₃C(O)OO^• and derived Cl^• were responsible for 2,6-DCP degradation. Furthermore, H₂O₂, Cl⁻, HCO₃⁻, H₂PO₄⁻, and suwannee river natural organic matter (SRNOM) inhibited 2,6-DCP degradation. Satisfactory 2,6-DCP degradation performance (over 70.0 %) was obtained in three selected real water matrices. The degradation pathways, elucidated by liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer analysis and quantum chemical calculations, involved dechlorination, hydroxylation, and benzene ring cleavage. In addition, the ecological structure–activity relationships assessment showed that the overall toxicity was reduced. Finally, SRNOM had no substantial influence on CHCl₃ formation pattern, whereas elevated SRNOM concentrations were associated with diminished levels of CHCl₃. In summary, this study provided new insights into the 2,6-DCP degradation mechanisms and regulated chlorinated DBPs formation in the PAA based advanced oxidation process.

2,6-二氯苯酚（2,6- dcp）作为一种难降解毒性和生物蓄积性的新兴污染物，迫切需要环境友好的水处理工艺来破坏它。本研究评估了Co(II)/过氧乙酸（PAA）工艺中2,6- dcp的降解和调控氯化消毒副产物（DBPs）的形成。结果表明，中性Co(II)/PAA工艺具有显著的2,6- dcp降解效率，速率常数为0.126 min−1。此外，增加PAA或Co（II）的投加量可以提高降解效率。清除实验和电子自旋共振分析表明，CH3C(O)OO•和衍生的Cl•是2,6- dcp降解的主要原因。H2O2、Cl−、HCO3−、H2PO4−和苏万尼河天然有机质（SRNOM）抑制2,6- dcp的降解。在三种选定的实际水基质中获得了令人满意的2,6- dcp降解性能（超过70.0%）。液相色谱质谱分析和量子化学计算表明，降解途径包括脱氯、羟基化和苯环裂解。此外，生态构效关系评价表明，总体毒性降低。最后，SRNOM对CHCl3的形成模式没有实质性影响，而SRNOM浓度升高与CHCl3水平降低相关。综上所述，本研究为2,6- dcp的降解机制和PAA高级氧化过程中氯化DBPs的形成提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Characterizing human exposure to multi-class antibiotics through urine biomonitoring in a Chinese population 通过尿液生物监测了解中国人群对多种抗生素的暴露情况

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100587

Yuting Ling , Min Hu , Yunhong Zeng , Qinrong Mao , Weihao Deng , Yujie Ben , Charles B. Andrews , Zhiming Xu , Ming Hung Wong , Chunmiao Zheng

The growing threat of antimicrobial resistance to global public health underscores the urgent need for biomonitoring of human exposure to antibiotics in the environment, for which data are currently limited in the general population. In this study, we developed a new and reliable multi-class method, utilizing enzymatic hydrolysis, liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), solid-phase extraction (SPE), and HPLC-MS/MS, to simultaneously analyze 77 antibiotics in human urine. The method was applied to assess antibiotic body burden in 755 individuals from the general population of Shenzhen, China. In these samples, 51 antibiotic compounds were detected, and at least one compound was found in 93 % of participants, with up to 13 in a single sample. After excluding outliers, the mean total concentration of antibiotics was 7.77 ng/mL (median: 2.14; P75: 7.65; P95: 35.3). Sulfonamide concentrations were significantly higher in males than in females, and varied notably across age groups. The average estimated daily intakes (EDIs) for 13 frequently detected antibiotics (detection frequency >5 %) ranged from 0.030 to 11.9 ng/kg-bw/day, comparable to dietary-based EDIs derived from antibiotics in drinking water and food samples. These finds indicate that urine is a reliable biological matrix for biomonitoring human exposure to environmental antibiotics and that diet is the predominant exposure route. Further research is warranted to elucidate the health implications of environmental antibiotic exposure, particularly its potential impact on the human gut microbiome.

抗菌素耐药性对全球公共卫生的威胁日益严重，这突出表明迫切需要对人类在环境中接触抗生素进行生物监测，而目前普通人群的这方面数据有限。在本研究中，我们建立了一种新的可靠的多类方法，利用酶解、液-液萃取（LLE）、固相萃取（SPE）和高效液相色谱-质谱联用（HPLC-MS/MS）同时分析人类尿液中的77种抗生素。该方法用于评估中国深圳755名普通人群的抗生素体负荷。在这些样本中，检测到51种抗生素化合物，93%的参与者至少发现了一种化合物，单个样本中多达13种。排除异常值后，抗生素的平均总浓度为7.77 ng/mL（中位数：2.14;P75: 7.65; P95: 35.3）。磺胺在男性中的浓度明显高于女性，并且在不同年龄组之间差异显著。13种经常检测到的抗生素（检测频率为5%）的平均估计日摄入量（EDIs）范围为0.030至11.9纳克/公斤-体重/天，与饮用水和食品样品中抗生素的膳食基础EDIs相当。这些发现表明，尿液是生物监测人类环境抗生素暴露的可靠生物基质，而饮食是主要暴露途径。需要进一步的研究来阐明环境抗生素暴露对健康的影响，特别是其对人类肠道微生物群的潜在影响。

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引用次数: 0

Individual and combined effects of dichlorvos and nano-polystyrene on oxidative stress and biochemical parameters in the freshwater fish Barbus sharpeyi 敌敌畏和纳米聚苯乙烯单独及联合施用对沙贝鱼氧化应激和生化指标的影响

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100586

Maryam Hossinian , Mahdi Banaee , Behzad Nematdoost Haghi , Amin Gholamhosseini , Cristiana Roberta Multisanti , Caterina Faggio

This study investigated the individual and combined toxic effects of dichlorvos and nano-polystyrene (PS-NPS) on oxidative stress biomarkers and biochemical parameters in the freshwater fish Barbus sharpeyi. A total of 540 fish were allocated to nine treatment groups in a 3 × 3 factorial design with triplicate tanks. Fish were exposed for 21 days to sub-lethal concentrations of dichlorvos (0, 5, and 10 μg/L) and PS-NPS (0, 50, and 100 μg/L). Dichlorvos exposure significantly altered enzymatic activities, whereas PS-NPS exerted milder effects; however, co-exposure revealed pronounced synergistic interactions. Notably, dichlorvos and PS-NPS, alone or combined, reduced butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity. Their combined exposure also decreased total protein, albumin, and globulin, while elevating glucose and creatinine levels. Significant alterations were observed in superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and glutathione (GSH) across fish tissues. Dichlorvos alone enhanced SOD, GPx, and GR in hepatocytes but reduced GSH and increased MDA. In gills, all treatments suppressed antioxidant defenses and elevated MDA, whereas co-exposure in kidneys increased both antioxidant enzymes and MDA while reducing GSH. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the co-accumulation of dichlorvos and PS-NPS in the liver, where combined exposure induced synergistic structural damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA. Overall, these findings highlight the heightened toxicity of pollutant mixtures compared to individual exposures, underscoring the need to consider combined contaminant effects in aquatic ecosystems.

本研究研究了敌敌畏和纳米聚苯乙烯（PS-NPS）单独和联合对淡水Barbus sharpeyi氧化应激生物标志物和生化参数的毒性作用。采用3 × 3因子设计，将540尾鱼分为9个处理组。将鱼暴露于亚致死浓度的敌敌畏（0、5和10 μg/L）和PS-NPS（0、50和100 μg/L）中21天。暴露于敌敌畏显著改变酶活性，而PS-NPS的影响较温和；然而，共暴露显示出明显的协同作用。值得注意的是，敌敌畏和PS-NPS单独或联合使用，降低了丁基胆碱酯酶（BChE）的活性。他们的联合暴露也降低了总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白，同时升高了葡萄糖和肌酐水平。鱼组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）、丙二醛（MDA）、总抗氧化能力（TAC）和谷胱甘肽（GSH）均发生显著变化。单用敌敌畏可提高肝细胞SOD、GPx和GR，降低GSH，增加MDA。在鳃中，所有处理均抑制抗氧化防御和MDA升高，而在肾脏中，共暴露增加了抗氧化酶和MDA，同时降低了GSH。拉曼光谱证实了敌敌畏和PS-NPS在肝脏中的共同积累，联合暴露导致蛋白质、脂质和DNA的协同结构损伤。总的来说，这些发现强调了污染物混合物的毒性比个人接触的毒性更高，强调了考虑综合污染物对水生生态系统影响的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Integrating species sensitivity distributions and toxicity thresholds: A probabilistic risk assessment of microplastics in Yazhou Bay, South China Sea 综合物种敏感性分布和毒性阈值：南海亚州湾微塑料的概率风险评估

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100584

Julong Wang , Tingting Xu , Qianyi Huang , Lang Lin , Xiaoxia Zhou , Hengxiang Li , Shan Liu , Rui Hou , Xiangrong Xu , Zhen Yuan , Zhijian Jiang

This study systematically assessed microplastics (MPs) pollution status and ecological risk in Yazhou Bay, South China Sea. The results revealed that the abundance of MPs in the surface water of Yazhou Bay was 3436.67 ± 1581.37 n/m³, while the abundance estimated based on a power-law distribution reached as high as 2.41 × 10⁵ n/m³. Within biota, the abundance of MPs ranged from 0 to 0.40 ± 0.52 n/Ind, predominantly consisting of transparent polyester fibers (1–2 mm), indicating a relatively low contamination level. Characterization of MPs showed significant differences in particle size, color, and type between those in water and biota, reflecting selectivity in biological ingestion. To evaluate the ecological risk of MPs, species sensitivity distribution (SSD) was constructed using antioxidant enzyme activities as toxicity endpoints, combined with risk quotient (RQ) and joint probability curve (JPC) methods. The results indicated that although RQ values exceeded 1 at some sampling sites, suggesting potential threats, the JPC analysis revealed that the overall ecological risk in Yazhou Bay waters was low, with insignificant oxidative stress impacts on local biota. The innovation of this study lies in being the first to construct an SSD model using a single oxidative stress indicator, integrating literature data with laboratory results. This approach provides more precise toxicity data for MPs ecological risk assessment and explores the potential application of key biomarkers in risk evaluation. This methodology offers a new perspective and reference for future research. Future studies should investigate the sources of fiber pollution, while policymakers could prioritize reducing polyesters in wastewater treatment to mitigate MPs pollution.

本研究系统评价了南海亚州湾海域微塑料污染现状及生态风险。结果表明，亚州湾地表水MPs丰度为3436.67±1581.37 n/m3，而基于幂律分布估计的丰度高达2.41 × 105 n/m3。在生物群内，MPs丰度范围为0 ~ 0.40±0.52 n/Ind，主要由透明聚酯纤维（1-2 mm）组成，表明污染水平相对较低。表征表明，水中和生物群中的MPs在粒径、颜色和类型上存在显著差异，反映了生物摄取的选择性。为了评价MPs的生态风险，以抗氧化酶活性为毒性终点，结合风险商（RQ）和联合概率曲线（JPC）方法，构建了物种敏感性分布（SSD）。结果表明，虽然部分采样点的RQ值超过1，提示存在潜在威胁，但JPC分析显示，亚洲湾水域整体生态风险较低，氧化应激对当地生物群的影响不显著。本研究的创新之处在于首次使用单一氧化应激指标构建固态硬盘模型，将文献数据与实验室结果相结合。该方法为MPs生态风险评估提供了更精确的毒性数据，并探索了关键生物标志物在风险评估中的潜在应用。该方法为今后的研究提供了新的视角和参考。未来的研究应该调查纤维污染的来源，而决策者可以优先减少废水处理中的聚酯，以减轻MPs污染。

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引用次数: 0