Emerging Contaminants最新文献_第6页

Persistent and emerging brominated flame retardants in indoor dust and human hair from remote agro-pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia: Pollution characteristics, source apportionment, and human exposure 内蒙古偏远农牧区室内粉尘和人发中持久性和新出现的溴化阻燃剂：污染特征、来源分配和人类暴露

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100553

Moson Dalutai , Jianing Zheng , Jie Sun , Yuhao Fan , Ye Wu , Qiexue Yang , Bolong Guo , Ying Wang , Jun Jin

The widespread use of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs), poses significant environmental and health risks, yet data on their contamination in remote agro-pastoral regions remain scarce. This study systematically investigated the pollution characteristics, sources, and human exposure risks of PBDEs and NBFRs in indoor dust and human hair from 11 households in Inner Mongolian grasslands. Results revealed that PBDEs were ubiquitous in all dust samples (median ∑₁₀PBDEs: 15.8 ng/g dw, with a 95 % confidence interval of 2.88–48.1 ng/g dw), dominated by BDE-209 (73.6–100 %), reflecting legacy Deca-BDE usage despite regulatory restrictions. NBFRs (median ∑NBFRs: 0.77 ng/g dw, 95 % CI: 0.42–1.14 ng/g dw) in dust were predominated by hexabromobenzene (HBB, 41.7 %) and pentabromobenzylacrylate (PBBA, 18.8 %). In human hair, PBDEs (median ∑₁₀PBDEs: 6.77 ng/g dw, 95 % CI: 2.31–52 ng/g dw) showed comparable levels to urban populations, with BDE-209 contributing 71.7–99.7 %, while NBFRs (median ∑NBFRs: 0.64 ng/g dw, 95 % CI: 0.23–1.97) mirrored dust profiles (HBB: 43.4 %), suggesting dust as a likely exposure route (r = 0.575–0.699, p < 0.05). Source analysis identified Penta-/Octa-BDE degradation and industrial applications (plastics/textiles for tetrabromo-p-xylene (pTBX)-pentabromobenzene (PBBz)-pentabromotoluene (PBT); electronics for PBBA-HBB) as key contributors. Human age-dependent accumulation patterns was observed, with higher PBDEs in the elderly and increasing PBBz/PBT levels with age (r = 0.528–0.564, p < 0.05). Despite lower dust contamination than urban areas, hair-based exposure highlighted non-dust pathways (e.g., air inhalation) for low-brominated congeners. These findings underscore the persistent risks of legacy PBDEs and emerging NBFRs in remote regions, advocating for stricter lifecycle management of BFR-containing products and long-term health monitoring.

广泛使用的溴化阻燃剂，包括多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）和新型溴化阻燃剂（NBFRs），造成了重大的环境和健康风险，但关于其在偏远农牧区污染的数据仍然很少。本研究系统调查了内蒙古草原11户家庭室内粉尘和人发中多溴二苯醚和NBFRs的污染特征、来源及人体暴露风险。结果表明，所有粉尘样品中普遍存在多溴二苯醚（∑10PBDEs的中位数：15.8 ng/g dw， 95%置信区间为2.88 ~ 48.1 ng/g dw），其中以BDE-209居多（73.6 ~ 100%），反映了尽管有法规限制，但十溴二苯醚的使用仍然存在。粉尘中NBFRs（中位数∑NBFRs: 0.77 ng/g dw, 95% CI: 0.42 ~ 1.14 ng/g dw）以六溴苯（HBB, 41.7%）和五溴甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PBBA, 18.8%）为主。在人类头发中，多溴联苯醚（∑10PBDEs中位数：6.77 ng/g dw, 95% CI: 2.31 ~ 52 ng/g dw）的水平与城市人群相当，其中BDE-209贡献了71.75 ~ 99.7%，而NBFRs（∑NBFRs中位数：0.64 ng/g dw, 95% CI: 0.23 ~ 1.97）反映了粉尘分布（HBB: 43.4%），表明粉尘是可能的暴露途径（r = 0.575 ~ 0.699, p < 0.05）。来源分析确定了五溴二苯醚/八溴二苯醚降解和工业应用（塑料/纺织品）中的四溴对二甲苯(pTBX)-五溴苯(PBBz)-五溴甲苯（PBT）；PBBA-HBB的电子器件是主要贡献者。观察到人类年龄依赖的累积模式，多溴二苯醚在老年人中较高，PBBz/PBT水平随年龄增长而增加（r = 0.528-0.564, p < 0.05）。尽管粉尘污染低于城市地区，但毛发暴露突出了低溴同系物的非粉尘途径（例如空气吸入）。这些发现强调了偏远地区遗留多溴二苯醚和新出现的nbfr的持续风险，提倡对含bfr的产品进行更严格的生命周期管理和长期健康监测。

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引用次数: 0

Brake wear particles from various temperatures: emission characteristics, generation processes and evolutions 刹车磨损颗粒来自不同温度：排放特性，产生过程和演变

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100554

Yachao Wang , Aihong Li , Hang Yin , Sheng Su , Yitu Lai , Wanyi Chen , Xin Wang , Jianwei Tan , Lijun Hao , Shijin Shuai , Yunshan Ge

Brake particle emissions are receiving global attention and are a major focus in the Euro 7 and China 7 regulations. Based on a 1/5 scale brake dynamometer, this study investigated the brake particle emissions from NAO-cast iron brake assemblies under various temperatures (350 °C, 450 °C, and 550 °C). Particles with the size of 1∼10 μm (PL1) were analyzed. In low temperature single brakes, PL1 emissions exhibited a sharp initial increase followed by a gradual decline due to the absence and subsequent formation of secondary plateaus, where the contribution of particles at 8–10 μm decreased as braking progressed. Under high IBT (initial brake temperature) conditions, multiple PL1 spikes occurred within a single brake, driven by the dynamic formation and rupture of secondary plateaus. The rupture was influenced by reduced adhesive strength and thermal degradation-induced gases. The relative standard deviation of average PL1 concentrations stabilized at 7.90 %–16.38 % under thermally stable conditions, yet the average PL1 concentrations varied with thermally stable temperatures, leading to different emissions even under identical braking conditions. Increasing IBT from 25 °C to 100 °C amplified PL1 spikes by 2–10 times due to weakened mechanical strength and reduced actual contact area. Additionally, high-temperature pretreatment further elevated PL1 emissions by 2–5 times, promoting abrasive wear and increasing the contribution of particles at 5–10 μm. These findings provided new insight into the brake particle emission characteristics under continuous high-temperature brakes and the underlying reasons.

刹车微粒排放正受到全球的关注，也是欧七和中国七规定的主要关注点。基于1/5比例的制动器测力仪，本研究调查了不同温度（350°C， 450°C和550°C）下nao铸铁制动器组件的制动颗粒排放。粒径为1 ~ 10 μm （PL1）的颗粒进行了分析。在低温单制动条件下，由于次级平台的缺失和后续的形成，PL1排放量呈现出初始急剧增加后逐渐下降的趋势，其中8-10 μm颗粒的贡献随着制动的进行而下降。在高IBT（初始制动温度）条件下，在二次高原的动态形成和破裂的驱动下，在一次制动中出现多个PL1峰值。断裂受粘接强度降低和热降解气体的影响。在热稳定条件下，平均PL1浓度的相对标准偏差稳定在7.90% ~ 16.38%之间，但平均PL1浓度随热稳定温度的变化而变化，导致即使在相同的制动条件下也会产生不同的排放。将IBT从25°C增加到100°C，由于机械强度减弱和实际接触面积减少，PL1尖峰放大了2-10倍。此外，高温预处理进一步提高了PL1排放量2-5倍，促进了磨粒磨损，增加了5-10 μm颗粒的贡献。这些研究结果为研究连续高温刹车下的刹车颗粒排放特性及其原因提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of microplastics under 20 μm in road dust using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS) 用共聚焦激光扫描显微镜（CLSM）和热解-气相色谱/质谱法（Pyr-GC/MS）评价道路粉尘中20 μm以下的微塑料

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100555

Dana Fahad M.S. Mohamed , Inae Jeon , Abhrajyoti Tarafdar , Jiyul An , Yerim Koo , Jung-Hwan Kwon

Detecting microplastics (MPs) under 20 μm has been challenging, yet these tiny particles may pose significant threats to human health and the environment. They can be inhaled or ingested, potentially leading to respiratory diseases and gastrointestinal problems. This research proposed confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) for identifying MPs smaller than 20 μm and to support its validity by comparing results to a typical gravimetric analysis for these small MPs in road dust samples using pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS). A total of 30 road dust samples were collected from urban areas in Seoul and 15 samples from rural regions throughout South Korea. A strong agreement was observed between the results obtained from CLSM and Pyr-GC/MS, confirming the effectiveness of both methods in measuring MPs under 20 μm especially when polyolefins are dominating MPs. CLSM, coupled with BiofilmQ software, enabled precise volumetric analysis, while Pyr-GC/MS provided rapid identification of chemical compositions, suggesting that they are complementary. Mass concentrations of MPs in rural road dust (14.2 ± 6.4 μg g⁻¹) were greater than those in urban road dust (7.8 ± 4.6 μg g⁻¹), likely due to less stringent plastic waste management and increased agricultural plastic use in rural areas. This study builds upon prior volumetric imaging methods by enabling mass quantification of MPs under 20 μm using CLSM and validating the results against Pyr-GC/MS in real-world road dust samples.

检测20 μm以下的微塑料（MPs）具有挑战性，但这些微小颗粒可能对人类健康和环境构成重大威胁。它们可以被吸入或摄入，可能导致呼吸系统疾病和胃肠道问题。本研究提出用共聚焦激光扫描显微镜（CLSM）鉴定小于20 μm的MPs，并将结果与典型的用热解-气相色谱/质谱法（Pyr-GC/MS）对道路粉尘样品中这些小MPs的重量分析结果进行比较，以支持其有效性。在首尔市区共收集了30个道路粉尘样本，在韩国农村地区收集了15个样本。CLSM和Pyr-GC/MS的测定结果非常吻合，证实了这两种方法在测量20 μm以下的MPs时的有效性，特别是当聚烯烃占主导地位时。CLSM与BiofilmQ软件相结合，可以进行精确的体积分析，而Pyr-GC/MS可以快速鉴定化学成分，这表明它们是互补的。农村道路粉尘中MPs的质量浓度（14.2±6.4 μg−1）高于城市道路粉尘（7.8±4.6 μg−1），这可能是由于农村地区塑料废物管理不严格和农用塑料使用增加所致。本研究建立在先前的体积成像方法的基础上，利用CLSM对20 μm以下的MPs进行了质量定量，并与实际道路粉尘样品中的Pyr-GC/MS验证了结果。

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引用次数: 0

MPs in drinking water and beverages: Concentrations, characteristics and implications for human exposure 饮用水和饮料中的多磺酸粘多糖：浓度、特征和对人体暴露的影响

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-08-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100552

Muneera Al-Mansoori, Stuart Harrad, Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah

Microplastics (MPs), plastic particles between 1 μm and 5 mm, are emerging contaminants of global concern due to their widespread environmental presence and potential health risks. Their detection in drinking water and beverages raises significant public health concerns, as ingestion represents a primary human exposure route. While research has had been extensively studied in marine environments, research on MPs presence in drinking water is still emerging, and even less is known about their occurrence in other beverages such as tea, coffee, soft drinks, and juices. This literature review aims to evaluate the occurrence, characteristics, and human exposure to MPs through drinking tap water, bottled water, and hot/cold beverages. A systematic review of studies published between 2014 and 2024 was conducted using four major science databases with strict inclusion/exclusion criteria to ensure methodological rigour. Key findings reveal notable variability in MPs concentrations across regions and beverage types, influenced by multiple factors including water sources, packaging materials, heat exposure, distribution networks, as well as analytical variability originating from different methodologies and reported size ranges. Reported MPs sizes in beverages ranged between <1 μm up to 5 mm, with a generally observed increase in abundance towards lower size ranges <50 μm. Fibres and fragments dominated the MPs shapes reported in the studied beverages with limited contribution from beads and pellets. Common polymers identified were polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) and polyvinylchloride (PVC), which were frequently linked to water pipes and packaging materials for beverages; however, the lack of data distinguishing contributions from specific sources such as bottle caps versus bottle bodies. Estimated daily intakes (EDI) suggest children experience disproportionately higher exposure levels relative to their low body weight.

This review underscores that beverages beyond water are underexplored; yet may contribute substantially to human exposure to MPs. We emphasize the urgent need for standardized MPs sampling and analytical methods to improve comparability, enable accurate exposure assessment, and inform public health guidelines.

微塑料（MPs）是一种1 μm至5 mm之间的塑料颗粒，由于其在环境中的广泛存在和潜在的健康风险，是全球关注的新兴污染物。在饮用水和饮料中发现它们引起了重大的公共卫生关注，因为摄入是人类接触的主要途径。虽然对海洋环境的研究已经得到了广泛的研究，但对饮用水中MPs存在的研究仍在兴起，而对茶、咖啡、软饮料和果汁等其他饮料中MPs存在的研究就更少了。本文献综述旨在评估MPs的发生、特征以及人类通过饮用自来水、瓶装水和热/冷饮料而暴露于MPs的情况。对2014年至2024年间发表的研究进行了系统回顾，使用了四个主要的科学数据库，具有严格的纳入/排除标准，以确保方法的严谨性。主要研究结果显示，不同地区和饮料类型的MPs浓度存在显著差异，受多种因素的影响，包括水源、包装材料、热暴露、分销网络，以及来自不同方法和报告大小范围的分析差异。据报道，饮料中的MPs尺寸从1 μm到5 mm不等，通常观察到，在尺寸较低的50 μm范围内，MPs的丰度增加。在研究的饮料中，纤维和碎片占据了MPs形状的主导地位，而珠子和颗粒的贡献有限。鉴定出的常见聚合物有聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）、聚丙烯（PP）、聚乙烯（PE）和聚氯乙烯（PVC），它们经常与水管和饮料包装材料有关；然而，缺乏数据区分来自特定来源的贡献，如瓶盖与瓶体。估计每日摄入量（EDI）表明，相对于他们的低体重，儿童的接触水平不成比例地高。这篇综述强调，水以外的饮料尚未得到充分开发；但可能对人体暴露于MPs有很大贡献。我们强调迫切需要标准化的MPs采样和分析方法，以提高可比性，实现准确的暴露评估，并为公共卫生指南提供信息。

{"title":"MPs in drinking water and beverages: Concentrations, characteristics and implications for human exposure","authors":"Muneera Al-Mansoori, Stuart Harrad, Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs), plastic particles between 1 μm and 5 mm, are emerging contaminants of global concern due to their widespread environmental presence and potential health risks. Their detection in drinking water and beverages raises significant public health concerns, as ingestion represents a primary human exposure route. While research has had been extensively studied in marine environments, research on MPs presence in drinking water is still emerging, and even less is known about their occurrence in other beverages such as tea, coffee, soft drinks, and juices. This literature review aims to evaluate the occurrence, characteristics, and human exposure to MPs through drinking tap water, bottled water, and hot/cold beverages. A systematic review of studies published between 2014 and 2024 was conducted using four major science databases with strict inclusion/exclusion criteria to ensure methodological rigour. Key findings reveal notable variability in MPs concentrations across regions and beverage types, influenced by multiple factors including water sources, packaging materials, heat exposure, distribution networks, as well as analytical variability originating from different methodologies and reported size ranges. Reported MPs sizes in beverages ranged between <1 μm up to 5 mm, with a generally observed increase in abundance towards lower size ranges <50 μm. Fibres and fragments dominated the MPs shapes reported in the studied beverages with limited contribution from beads and pellets. Common polymers identified were polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) and polyvinylchloride (PVC), which were frequently linked to water pipes and packaging materials for beverages; however, the lack of data distinguishing contributions from specific sources such as bottle caps versus bottle bodies. Estimated daily intakes (EDI) suggest children experience disproportionately higher exposure levels relative to their low body weight.</div><div>This review underscores that beverages beyond water are underexplored; yet may contribute substantially to human exposure to MPs. We emphasize the urgent need for standardized MPs sampling and analytical methods to improve comparability, enable accurate exposure assessment, and inform public health guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 4","pages":"Article 100552"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distribution and occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes and microbial diversity in western Hainan's inshore seawaters: A seasonal study 海南西部近海海域抗生素耐药基因分布、发生及微生物多样性的季节性研究

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100550

Chi Yang , Yongqiang Qin , Yingying Zhang , Ardavan Farhadi , Sai Wang , Xiaoping Diao , Jia Xie

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have become one of the threats to human health worldwide. In this study, SmartChip real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and qPCR was employed to quantify the ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) at 24 sampling sites of western Hainan. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA was utilized to analyze the structure of microbial communities. The correlation among ARGs, environmental factors, MGEs, and microbial diversity was analyzed to elucidate the distribution, possible sources, and potential hosts of ARGs during the dry and rainy seasons. The results showed that 122 ARG species with a 93.85 % detection rate and 13 MGE species with a 100 % detection in the inshore waters of western Hainan during the dry and rainy seasons. The absolute abundance of ARGs and MGEs was higher during the dry seasons compared to the rainy seasons. Among these, aminoglycoside resistance genes exhibited the highest absolute abundance during the dry season, followed by MLSB resistance genes, while peptide resistance genes demonstrated the lowest abundance. During the rainy season, the absolute abundance of aminoglycoside resistance genes is the highest, followed by sulfonamides resistance genes, while peptide resistance genes remain the least abundant. ARGs were significantly correlated with MGEs, suggesting that MGEs may mediate the horizontal transfer and spread of ARGs. Environmental factor analyses showed that Temperature, dissolved oxygen, and total phosphorus play a key role in affecting the spatial distribution of ARGs. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes are the core microorganisms during the dry and rainy seasons.

抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）已成为世界范围内人类健康的威胁之一。本研究采用SmartChip实时荧光定量PCR和qPCR对海南西部24个采样点的ARGs和移动遗传元件（MGEs）进行定量分析。利用16S rRNA高通量测序分析微生物群落结构。通过分析ARGs与环境因子、MGEs和微生物多样性之间的相关性，阐明旱季和雨季ARGs的分布、可能来源和潜在宿主。结果表明，干、雨季在海南西部近岸海域共发现ARG类122种，检出率为93.85%，MGE类13种，检出率为100%。旱季ARGs和MGEs的绝对丰度高于雨季。其中，氨基糖苷类抗性基因在旱季的绝对丰度最高，其次是MLSB抗性基因，而肽抗性基因的绝对丰度最低。在雨季，氨基糖苷类抗性基因的绝对丰度最高，其次是磺胺类抗性基因，而肽类抗性基因的绝对丰度最低。ARGs与MGEs呈显著相关，表明MGEs可能介导ARGs的水平转移和扩散。环境因子分析表明，温度、溶解氧和总磷是影响ARGs空间分布的主要因素。在门水平上，变形菌门、放线菌门和拟杆菌门是旱季和雨季的核心微生物。

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引用次数: 0

A survey of microplastics in wastewater from large-scale dairy farms and their surroundings in inner Mongolia of China 内蒙古大型奶牛场及其周边废水中微塑料的调查

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100549

Yanhua Wang , Nannan Yao , Xinqi Xv , Xiangning Guo , Tianjie Shao , Chanjuan Gao , Baoshan Xing

Microplastics (MPs), tiny polymeric particles resulting from the degradation of plastic waste and environmental erosion, pose significant threats to ecosystems, animal health, and human well-being. This study assessed MPs abundance in wastewater and surrounding environments from nine large dairy farms in Inner Mongolia, China, focusing on oxidation ponds. Using laser direct infrared spectroscopy (LDIR), MPs were detected in 42 samples, identifying 29 polymer types, with polyisoprene (22.69 %), polyvinyl chloride (16.58 %), and polyurethane (10.47 %) being the most common. The results revealed a high abundance of MPs in oxidation ponds, while MPs removal efficiency remained unsatisfactory. To better understand the ecological risks posed by MPs, several pollution assessment indices were employed to evaluate their ecological impact. The assessment results indicated that current ecological risk levels were low, suggesting that the immediate threat of MPs to human health and the environment is relatively minor. Using a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, the sources, composition, and distribution characteristics of MPs were thoroughly analyzed. Based on these findings, this study would provide insights for improving and innovating existing wastewater treatment technologies, with the goal of enhancing MPs removal efficiency and contributing to environmental protection efforts.

微塑料（MPs）是塑料废物降解和环境侵蚀产生的微小聚合颗粒，对生态系统、动物健康和人类福祉构成重大威胁。本研究评估了中国内蒙古9个大型奶牛场废水和周围环境中MPs的丰度，重点是氧化池。利用激光直接红外光谱（LDIR）对42份样品进行MPs检测，鉴定出29种聚合物类型，其中聚异戊二烯（22.69%）、聚氯乙烯（16.58%）和聚氨酯（10.47%）最为常见。结果表明，氧化池中MPs丰度较高，但对MPs的去除率仍不理想。为了更好地了解MPs所带来的生态风险，采用了几种污染评价指标来评价其生态影响。评估结果表明，目前的生态风险水平较低，表明MPs对人类健康和环境的直接威胁相对较小。利用正矩阵分解（PMF）模型，深入分析了MPs的来源、组成和分布特征。基于这些发现，本研究将为改进和创新现有的废水处理技术提供见解，以提高MPs的去除效率并为环境保护做出贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals hepatic lipid metabolism disruption in Japanese quail under polystyrene microplastics exposure 转录组学和代谢组学分析揭示了聚苯乙烯微塑料暴露下日本鹌鹑肝脏脂质代谢的破坏

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100548

Xinxin Zhang, Lingyang Jing, Xiaoqing Pei, Qingyu Zhang, Hongfeng Zhao

Microplastics (MPs) become a global concern due to their impacts on human and wildlife health. In this study, we attempted to determine the hepatotoxic effects of MPs exposure on birds by using a laboratory model animal-Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) through integrating transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis. Seven-day old female chicks were exposed to low concentrations (0.02 mg/kg, 0.4 mg/kg) and high concentration (8 mg/kg) polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) of environmental relevance in the feed for 35 days. The results showed that 0.02 mg/kg and 0.4 mg/kg PS-MPs exposure caused increasing food and water intake with weight gain and liver lipid droplets accumulation while 8 mg/kg PS-MPs exposure induced decreasing food and water intake with weight loss. Moreover, both microstructural damage and ultrastructural injury indicated liver malfunction by PS-MPs exposure. PS-MPs also led to hepatic oxidative stress. Furthermore, untargeted metabolomic analysis showed lipid metabolism disturbance in the liver of PS-MPs exposure. Transcriptomic results also showed molecular signaling pathway disruption in the liver of PS-MPs exposure. Especially, lipid metabolism including peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, fatty acid oxidation, primary bile acid synthesis and triglyceride metabolism were disrupted by PS-MPs exposure. The present study concluded MPs exposure might have hormetic effects on bird development and it posed risks to bird health with low dose MPs may induce non-alcoholic fatty liver disease while high dose MPs may cause severe histopathological injury and oxidative damage. This study underscored the importance of evaluating the chronic effects of microplastics on birds.

微塑料（MPs）由于对人类和野生动物健康的影响而成为全球关注的问题。在这项研究中，我们试图通过整合转录组学和代谢组学分析，利用实验室模型动物-日本鹌鹑（Coturnix japonica）来确定MPs暴露对鸟类的肝毒性作用。将7日龄雌雏鸡分别暴露于低浓度（0.02 mg/kg、0.4 mg/kg）和高浓度（8 mg/kg）的环境相关聚苯乙烯微塑料（PS-MPs）饲料中35 d。结果表明，0.02 mg/kg和0.4 mg/kg的PS-MPs暴露导致小鼠摄食量和饮水量随着体重增加和肝脂滴积累而增加，而8 mg/kg的PS-MPs暴露导致小鼠摄食量和饮水量随着体重减轻而减少。此外，PS-MPs暴露引起的微结构损伤和超微结构损伤均提示肝脏功能障碍。PS-MPs还会导致肝脏氧化应激。此外，非靶向代谢组学分析显示，暴露于PS-MPs的肝脏脂质代谢紊乱。转录组学结果还显示，暴露于PS-MPs的肝脏中的分子信号通路受到破坏。特别是脂质代谢，包括过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）信号通路，脂肪酸氧化，初级胆汁酸合成和甘油三酯代谢被PS-MPs暴露破坏。本研究认为，MPs暴露可能对鸟类发育产生致效作用，并对鸟类健康构成风险，低剂量MPs可诱发非酒精性脂肪性肝病，高剂量MPs可引起严重的组织病理学损伤和氧化损伤。这项研究强调了评估微塑料对鸟类的慢性影响的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Transformation pathways, detection, removal, and sustainable alternatives of 6PPD and its quinone derivative (6PPDQ): A comprehensive review 6PPD及其醌衍生物（6PPDQ）的转化途径、检测、去除和可持续替代品综述

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100547

Kavya Somepalli, Gangadhar Andaluri

N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) is a widely used antioxidant and antiozonant in vehicle tires, commonly used to enhance rubber durability and performance. However, its environmental transformation, particularly into 6PPD-Quinone (6PPDQ) through oxidative processes like ozonation, has emerged as a serious concern due to the acute toxicity in aquatic systems. 6PPDQ has been linked to significant mortality in sensitive fish species, including coho salmon, at 41 ng/L concentrations. This review synthesizes recent advances in the understanding of 6PPD degradation pathways, including ozonation, photodegradation, hydrolysis, microbial metabolism, and atmospheric reactions. This paper systematically examines the formation and characterization of various TPs and outlines the methods used for their detection across water, air, soil, sediments, and biota. It also evaluates the efficiency of treatment approaches such as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), microbial degradation, adsorption, and membrane technologies for the removal of 6PPDQ from contaminated media. Additionally, emerging research on bio-based, synthetic, and engineered antioxidant alternatives to 6PPD is reviewed, with attention to their environmental compatibility and industrial feasibility. The paper concludes with a comprehensive outline of future research priorities focused on improving analytical detection, understanding long-term environmental fate and toxicity, optimizing treatment technologies, and guiding the development of safer alternatives. Collectively, this review provides a foundation for environmental risk assessment, regulatory policy development, and sustainable innovation in rubber manufacturing.

N-（1,3-二甲基丁基）-N ' -苯基-对苯二胺（6PPD）是汽车轮胎中广泛使用的抗氧化剂和抗臭氧剂，常用于提高橡胶的耐久性和性能。然而，由于其在水生系统中的急性毒性，其环境转化，特别是通过臭氧化等氧化过程转化为6ppd -醌（6PPDQ）已成为一个严重的问题。6PPDQ在41纳克/升浓度下与包括鳕鱼在内的敏感鱼类的显著死亡率有关。本文综述了6PPD降解途径的最新进展，包括臭氧化、光降解、水解、微生物代谢和大气反应。本文系统地研究了各种TPs的形成和特征，并概述了在水、空气、土壤、沉积物和生物群中检测TPs的方法。它还评估了从污染介质中去除6PPDQ的处理方法的效率，如高级氧化工艺（AOPs）、微生物降解、吸附和膜技术。此外，综述了生物基、合成和工程抗氧化剂替代6PPD的新研究，重点介绍了它们的环境相容性和工业可行性。最后，本文全面概述了未来的研究重点，重点是提高分析检测，了解长期环境命运和毒性，优化处理技术，指导开发更安全的替代品。总的来说，本综述为橡胶制造业的环境风险评估、监管政策制定和可持续创新提供了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Tackling per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances in the North African Environment: Slight progress amidst significant challenges 处理北非环境中的全氟和多氟烷基物质：在重大挑战中取得微小进展

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100546

Badreddine Barhoumi , Hassan Alshemmari , Abdulla M. Al-Rawabdeh , Lassaad Chouba , Mohamed Ridha Driss , Soufiane Touil , Philippe Bersuder , Imma Tolosa

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have attracted global attention due to their persistence, potential for bioaccumulation, and adverse effects on both human health and the environment. However, the extent and implications of PFAS contamination in North Africa remain insufficiently explored. This review addresses this regional knowledge gap by critically evaluating the occurrence, sources, and potential impacts of PFAS in environmental and human matrices across North Africa. Based on a comprehensive review of credible scientific sources, this analysis consolidates evidence of PFAS contamination across various environmental and human matrices. All examined matrices, including water, biota, air, foodstuffs, food packaging materials, and human samples, were contaminated by at least one PFAS compound. Potential sources of PFAS are discussed in relation to the known applications of specific compounds. Although PFAS levels reported in the North African environment are generally lower than those observed in more urbanized and industrialized countries, the findings clearly demonstrate the presence and widespread distribution of PFAS in the region. Notably, fish livers collected from Sudan exhibited the highest PFAS concentrations, with perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) levels reaching up to 331 ng g⁻¹ wet weight (ww), substantially exceeding the recommended Environmental Quality Standard (EQS) for PFOS in biota set at 9 ng g⁻¹ ww. Identified sources of PFAS contamination include both industrial activities (e.g., manufacturing discharges, aqueous film-forming foams) and consumer-related sources (e.g., municipal landfills, electronic waste, port operations, and precursor degradation). Although toxicological assessments currently suggest a generally low risk to human and ecological health, this may be due to limited monitoring data rather than an actual absence of PFAS. Overall, this review enhances the regional understanding of PFAS pollution in North Africa, highlights critical data gaps, and outlines priorities for future research and policy development aimed at monitoring, regulating, and mitigating PFAS exposure in the region.

全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）由于其持久性、潜在的生物蓄积性以及对人类健康和环境的不利影响而引起了全球的关注。然而，在北非，全氟辛烷磺酸污染的程度和影响仍未得到充分探讨。本综述通过批判性地评估PFAS在北非环境和人类基质中的发生、来源和潜在影响，解决了这一区域知识差距。基于对可靠科学来源的全面审查，本分析整合了PFAS在各种环境和人体基质中污染的证据。所有被检测的基质，包括水、生物群、空气、食品、食品包装材料和人类样本，都被至少一种PFAS化合物污染。根据已知的特定化合物的应用，讨论了PFAS的潜在来源。尽管在北非环境中报告的PFAS水平通常低于在城市化和工业化程度较高的国家所观察到的水平，但研究结果清楚地表明PFAS在该区域的存在和广泛分布。值得注意的是，从苏丹收集的鱼肝脏显示出最高的全氟辛烷磺酸浓度，其全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）含量高达331 ng g - 1湿重（ww），大大超过了生物群中全氟辛烷磺酸建议的环境质量标准（EQS），该标准设定为9 ng g - 1 ww。已确定的PFAS污染来源包括工业活动（例如，制造业排放，水性成膜泡沫）和与消费者相关的来源（例如，城市垃圾填埋场，电子废物，港口作业和前体降解）。虽然目前的毒理学评估表明，对人类和生态健康的风险普遍较低，但这可能是由于监测数据有限，而不是由于实际没有PFAS。总体而言，本综述加强了对北非PFAS污染的区域理解，突出了关键的数据缺口，并概述了未来研究和政策制定的重点，旨在监测、调节和减轻该地区PFAS暴露。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of microplastics and nanoplastics on human Health: Emerging evidence and future directions 微塑料和纳米塑料对人类健康的影响：新证据和未来方向

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Emerging Contaminants

Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100545

Sona Alungal Sadique , Muxina Konarova , Xufeng Niu , Istvan Szilagyi , Nilesh Nirmal , Li Li

Plastics are extensively used across industries, leading to microplastic (MPL) and nanoplastic (NPL) contamination in ecosystems. Exposure to these particles occurs primarily through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact, raising significant human health concerns. This review critically evaluates recent advancements in understanding the human health impacts of MPLs/NPLs, focusing on their routes of exposure including ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact, and the mechanisms of cellular uptake and toxicity. While MPL/NPL pollution is a well-recognised environmental hazard, the conclusive evidence linking their exposure to specific health outcomes in humans remains limited. We discuss methodological gaps in assessing their toxicological impacts, particularly in vitro models, and the need for more sophisticated in vivo studies to simulate real-life exposures. Future research directions, including the exploration of the corona formation on MPL/NPL particles and its influence on cellular interactions, are outlined to bridge existing knowledge gaps.

塑料被广泛应用于各行各业，导致生态系统中的微塑料（MPL）和纳米塑料（NPL）污染。暴露于这些颗粒主要是通过摄入、吸入和皮肤接触，引起重大的人类健康问题。这篇综述批判性地评估了最近在了解多聚物/不良物质对人类健康影响方面的进展，重点是它们的暴露途径，包括摄入、吸入和皮肤接触，以及细胞摄取和毒性的机制。虽然MPL/NPL污染是公认的环境危害，但将其暴露与人类特定健康结果联系起来的确凿证据仍然有限。我们讨论了评估其毒理学影响的方法差距，特别是在体外模型中，以及需要更复杂的体内研究来模拟现实生活中的暴露。概述了未来的研究方向，包括探索MPL/NPL粒子的日冕形成及其对细胞相互作用的影响，以弥补现有的知识空白。

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引用次数: 0