Mohammad Ravaghi, M. Yousefi, D. Attaran, S. Zibaee, R. Salari, Maliheh Dadgar Moghaddam, F. Azad, S. M. Hosseini
Background: Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world by which more than 300 million people are affected. In conventional medicine for asthma treatment, more emphasis is on drug therapy, which has complications and contraindications as well as high costs, so we are investigating to identify the effect of camel’s milk on the symptoms of patients with asthma. Objective: To examine the effects of camel milk in comparison with standard medicinal therapy on asthma patients. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 46 patients with asthma. The study was conducted in Ghaem Hospital lung clinic in Mashhad, Iran, from May 2016 to November 2017. The participants were randomly divided into control and intervention groups (n, 23 per group) and were assessed both pretreatment and post treatment (before, and three months after treatment). Patients with asthma based on clinical and spirometric criteria were included in the study and divided into two groups of control and intervention. Twenty-three patients with asthma were entered into each group. The control group received routine treatments (steroid and β-agonist inhalation) and the intervention group, which received the usual treatments, plus pasteurized camel milk. Camel milk was administered two times a day (8 am and 8 pm 250 ml without additives). Data were collected using a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) assessment test (CAT) questionnaire score and spirometry. The results were analyzed and compared in SPSS version 11.5, using paired t-test, Chi-Square test, and independent sample t-test. The significance level was set at 0.05. http://www.ephysician.ir Page 7424 Results: In this study, changes in the mean of forced expiratory volume during one second (FEV1) measurement and FEV1 percent and CAT questionnaire score in both groups, before and after treatment, were significant. But the mean of FEV1 (measurement and percent) in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group. The mean of FEV1 percent and FEV1 measurement in the intervention and the control groups were p<0.001, p=0.002, p=0.001 and p=0.049 respectively, while the mean of CAT questionnaire scores were not significantly different between two groups (p<0.001, p<0.001 respectively). In addition, the mean of FEV1 percent and CAT questionnaire score difference in the intervention group were significantly higher than in the control group (p=0.001, p<0.001 respectively), but the mean of FEV1 measurement differences between the intervention and the control group were not significant (p=0.05). Conclusion: In our study, we found that camel milk, with the standard asthma treatment, would be very helpful. However, there is a need for further studies with a larger sample size on the effect of this nutrient. Clinical Trial Registration: This study was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (http://www.irct.ir) with the registration code IRCT2016102930541N1. Funding: This
{"title":"Evaluation of the effect of camel milk in comparison with standard medicinal therapy on asthma patients: a parallel clinical trial","authors":"Mohammad Ravaghi, M. Yousefi, D. Attaran, S. Zibaee, R. Salari, Maliheh Dadgar Moghaddam, F. Azad, S. M. Hosseini","doi":"10.19082/7423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7423","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world by which more than 300 million people are affected. In conventional medicine for asthma treatment, more emphasis is on drug therapy, which has complications and contraindications as well as high costs, so we are investigating to identify the effect of camel’s milk on the symptoms of patients with asthma. Objective: To examine the effects of camel milk in comparison with standard medicinal therapy on asthma patients. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 46 patients with asthma. The study was conducted in Ghaem Hospital lung clinic in Mashhad, Iran, from May 2016 to November 2017. The participants were randomly divided into control and intervention groups (n, 23 per group) and were assessed both pretreatment and post treatment (before, and three months after treatment). Patients with asthma based on clinical and spirometric criteria were included in the study and divided into two groups of control and intervention. Twenty-three patients with asthma were entered into each group. The control group received routine treatments (steroid and β-agonist inhalation) and the intervention group, which received the usual treatments, plus pasteurized camel milk. Camel milk was administered two times a day (8 am and 8 pm 250 ml without additives). Data were collected using a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) assessment test (CAT) questionnaire score and spirometry. The results were analyzed and compared in SPSS version 11.5, using paired t-test, Chi-Square test, and independent sample t-test. The significance level was set at 0.05. http://www.ephysician.ir Page 7424 Results: In this study, changes in the mean of forced expiratory volume during one second (FEV1) measurement and FEV1 percent and CAT questionnaire score in both groups, before and after treatment, were significant. But the mean of FEV1 (measurement and percent) in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group. The mean of FEV1 percent and FEV1 measurement in the intervention and the control groups were p<0.001, p=0.002, p=0.001 and p=0.049 respectively, while the mean of CAT questionnaire scores were not significantly different between two groups (p<0.001, p<0.001 respectively). In addition, the mean of FEV1 percent and CAT questionnaire score difference in the intervention group were significantly higher than in the control group (p=0.001, p<0.001 respectively), but the mean of FEV1 measurement differences between the intervention and the control group were not significant (p=0.05). Conclusion: In our study, we found that camel milk, with the standard asthma treatment, would be very helpful. However, there is a need for further studies with a larger sample size on the effect of this nutrient. Clinical Trial Registration: This study was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (http://www.irct.ir) with the registration code IRCT2016102930541N1. Funding: This","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45100740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdullah Sahban Alshamrani, Bader Dhafer Alqarni, H. Mirghani
{"title":"Gender differences in atrial fibrillation risk factors, presentation, and management in Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","authors":"Abdullah Sahban Alshamrani, Bader Dhafer Alqarni, H. Mirghani","doi":"10.19082/7462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7462","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47685145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Jaberi, Tahere Norouzi, Shahin Haydari, T. N. Bonabi
Background: Knee osteoarthritis is known as one of the common causes of disability worldwide. Despite the elderly tendency towards the use of traditional medicine, there is no clear consensus regarding acupressure efficacy to manage symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of acupressure on knee osteoarthritis symptoms in the elderly. Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical trial was performed from February 2017 to July 2018. Ninetysix patients were selected from comprehensive health care centers in Rafsanjan, Iran, according to inclusion criteria and then equally allocated into three groups (acupressure, sham and control) randomly, by the minimization method. The acupressure group received acupressure bilaterally at 6 points in 10 sessions for two minutes for each point in 10-seconds pressure and 2-seconds rest periods. Subjects In the sham group received only touches without any pressure with the same pattern as the acupressure group and the control group received no intervention. The osteoarthritis symptoms were measured before, immediately and one month after intervention on WOMAC scale. Data was analyzed by IBM-SPSS version 22 using Chi-square goodness of fit and repeated measure ANOVA at 0.05 level of significance. Results: There were no significant differences between-groups regarding demographic characteristics. The mean of WOMAC score were significantly different between the three consecutive measurements (the time effect), (p=0.001, effect size = 0.082). But there was no significant difference between-groups (group effect) (p=0.852, effect size = 0.003). There was a significant difference in the interaction between time and group (p=0.001, effect size = 0.106). Conclusion: The study showed that acupressure was able to correct the WOMAC and pain scores in long and short term and improve physical function in short term in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Accordingly, acutherapy as an effective approach can be applied in self-care programs for knee osteoarthritis symptom management in the elderly, but in the sham groups, the selection of acupoint positions could be a crucial factor. http://www.ephysician.ir Page 7490 Trial registration: This trial was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials with clinical trial registration number: IRCT20180114038366N1. Funding: This study was financially sported by Deputy of Research and Technology of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (Ref: 20.1056).
{"title":"Effect of acupressure on knee osteoarthritis symptoms in the elderly: a double-blind randomized clinical trial","authors":"A. Jaberi, Tahere Norouzi, Shahin Haydari, T. N. Bonabi","doi":"10.19082/7489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7489","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Knee osteoarthritis is known as one of the common causes of disability worldwide. Despite the elderly tendency towards the use of traditional medicine, there is no clear consensus regarding acupressure efficacy to manage symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of acupressure on knee osteoarthritis symptoms in the elderly. Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical trial was performed from February 2017 to July 2018. Ninetysix patients were selected from comprehensive health care centers in Rafsanjan, Iran, according to inclusion criteria and then equally allocated into three groups (acupressure, sham and control) randomly, by the minimization method. The acupressure group received acupressure bilaterally at 6 points in 10 sessions for two minutes for each point in 10-seconds pressure and 2-seconds rest periods. Subjects In the sham group received only touches without any pressure with the same pattern as the acupressure group and the control group received no intervention. The osteoarthritis symptoms were measured before, immediately and one month after intervention on WOMAC scale. Data was analyzed by IBM-SPSS version 22 using Chi-square goodness of fit and repeated measure ANOVA at 0.05 level of significance. Results: There were no significant differences between-groups regarding demographic characteristics. The mean of WOMAC score were significantly different between the three consecutive measurements (the time effect), (p=0.001, effect size = 0.082). But there was no significant difference between-groups (group effect) (p=0.852, effect size = 0.003). There was a significant difference in the interaction between time and group (p=0.001, effect size = 0.106). Conclusion: The study showed that acupressure was able to correct the WOMAC and pain scores in long and short term and improve physical function in short term in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Accordingly, acutherapy as an effective approach can be applied in self-care programs for knee osteoarthritis symptom management in the elderly, but in the sham groups, the selection of acupoint positions could be a crucial factor. http://www.ephysician.ir Page 7490 Trial registration: This trial was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials with clinical trial registration number: IRCT20180114038366N1. Funding: This study was financially sported by Deputy of Research and Technology of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (Ref: 20.1056).","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46685077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khalid Ali Mohammed El-Maaytah, M. Al-Bdour, Mohammed Akef AL-Dabbas, Odai Musa El Sayegh, Haneen Qasim Alshdowh, Mohammed Saleh Khataybeh
Background: Burns are not yet appropriately reported in Jordan; determining patterns provides critical input in construction of awareness programs and vital issues to be addressed while developing such programs to raise public awareness as well as to increase the safety measures in domestic settings, as prevention is better than cure. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine burns in Jordan in regard to patterns and sequelae. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1,288 records of patients with burns at the burns unit of the Royal Jordanian Rehabilitation Center (RJRC) between 2005 and 2017 were studied. Age, gender, total body surface area (TBSA), location of burn, admission date and time, location of incidence and mortality. All data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. Results: Mean age was 31±26 years; the male-to-female ratio was 1.56:1 and 41.8% of victims admitted were at or below 14 years of age. The proportions of males and females with burn injury was not statistically significant by age group (p=0.8). A total of 90.5% were in a domestic environment and 64.5% were the result of direct flame burn, followed by scalding burns in about 25.3%. The most affected sites were limbs with the majority of patients with below 40% total body surface area (TBSA) affected and deep partial thickness. A further 218 cases were inhalational injuries. Mean of in-hospital stay was 18 days. The overall mortality rate was 14.6% and attributed to elevated TBSA, depth of the wound, presence of inhalational injury and flame type of burn. Age specific mortality were 7.9% and 19.15% in patient younger than 14 years of age and in older ones respectively Conclusion: As most burns appeared to be in domestic settings, raising public awareness and increasing safety measures in domestic settings will hopefully decrease burn incidence and its consequences. Teaching first aid to the population can also be beneficial in reducing the morbidity and mortality of burn.
{"title":"Patterns and Sequelae of burn injury at the Jordanian Royal Medical Services rehabilitation center in 2005-2017: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Khalid Ali Mohammed El-Maaytah, M. Al-Bdour, Mohammed Akef AL-Dabbas, Odai Musa El Sayegh, Haneen Qasim Alshdowh, Mohammed Saleh Khataybeh","doi":"10.19082/7552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7552","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Burns are not yet appropriately reported in Jordan; determining patterns provides critical input in construction of awareness programs and vital issues to be addressed while developing such programs to raise public awareness as well as to increase the safety measures in domestic settings, as prevention is better than cure. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine burns in Jordan in regard to patterns and sequelae. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1,288 records of patients with burns at the burns unit of the Royal Jordanian Rehabilitation Center (RJRC) between 2005 and 2017 were studied. Age, gender, total body surface area (TBSA), location of burn, admission date and time, location of incidence and mortality. All data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. Results: Mean age was 31±26 years; the male-to-female ratio was 1.56:1 and 41.8% of victims admitted were at or below 14 years of age. The proportions of males and females with burn injury was not statistically significant by age group (p=0.8). A total of 90.5% were in a domestic environment and 64.5% were the result of direct flame burn, followed by scalding burns in about 25.3%. The most affected sites were limbs with the majority of patients with below 40% total body surface area (TBSA) affected and deep partial thickness. A further 218 cases were inhalational injuries. Mean of in-hospital stay was 18 days. The overall mortality rate was 14.6% and attributed to elevated TBSA, depth of the wound, presence of inhalational injury and flame type of burn. Age specific mortality were 7.9% and 19.15% in patient younger than 14 years of age and in older ones respectively Conclusion: As most burns appeared to be in domestic settings, raising public awareness and increasing safety measures in domestic settings will hopefully decrease burn incidence and its consequences. Teaching first aid to the population can also be beneficial in reducing the morbidity and mortality of burn.","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48304774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Soltanifar, F. Moharari, Zahra Rajai, M. Ziaee, Z. Salimi
Background: Considering the high prevalence of couples' complaints due to marital conflicts, it is important to improve marital satisfaction in order to set up and increase the social and individual mental health and the functional necessity of the family as the basis foundation for promoting the community’s potential capability. Objective: This study was conducted to use reality therapy based on choice theory to assess treatment outcomes in couples with marital conflict and dissatisfaction. Methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 20 couples (40 individuals) referring from psychiatric and psychological clinics of Mashhad city between December 2017 to September 2018 were randomly allocated into two groups of intervention and control. After completing the 115-item ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale, Family Assessment Device (FAD) and Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) questionnaires, the intervention group received Glasser's theory of choice psychoeducation while a control group received supportive psychotherapy by a psychiatrist and a couple therapist for eight sessions in eight consecutive weeks (two hours each session). The evaluation was carried out at the beginning of the study, week 1, week 8 (immediately after completing the intervention) and week 12 (four weeks after completing the intervention). Data were analyzed by IBM-SPSS 21. A p≤0.05 was considered significant in examining the hypotheses. Results: Eighteen couples (36 individuals) continued until the end of the study. The mean ages in the intervention and control groups were 34.02±1.15 years and 36.7±3.2 respectively. Participants' clinical features including age, sex, education, couple therapy history, number of children, and familial relationship were not significantly different between the two groups. The results of ENRICH and family function scale showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups immediately and 4 weeks after completion of the intervention (p=0.002) Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that psychoeducation based on choice theory has a significant effect on marital adaptability and satisfaction as well as family function. Trial registration: The current study was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (http://wwwirct.ir) (ID: IRCT20180504039519N1). Funding: No financial support was received by authors for the research. Keywords: Theory of choice, Marital adaptability, Marital satisfaction, Couple
{"title":"Effect of psychoeducation based on choice theory on marital satisfaction and increasing couples’ adaptability: a double-blind randomized clinical trial","authors":"A. Soltanifar, F. Moharari, Zahra Rajai, M. Ziaee, Z. Salimi","doi":"10.19082/7499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7499","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Considering the high prevalence of couples' complaints due to marital conflicts, it is important to \u0000improve marital satisfaction in order to set up and increase the social and individual mental health and the \u0000functional necessity of the family as the basis foundation for promoting the community’s potential capability. \u0000Objective: This study was conducted to use reality therapy based on choice theory to assess treatment outcomes \u0000in couples with marital conflict and dissatisfaction. \u0000Methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 20 couples (40 individuals) referring from psychiatric \u0000and psychological clinics of Mashhad city between December 2017 to September 2018 were randomly allocated \u0000into two groups of intervention and control. After completing the 115-item ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale, \u0000Family Assessment Device (FAD) and Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) questionnaires, the intervention group \u0000received Glasser's theory of choice psychoeducation while a control group received supportive psychotherapy by \u0000a psychiatrist and a couple therapist for eight sessions in eight consecutive weeks (two hours each session). The \u0000evaluation was carried out at the beginning of the study, week 1, week 8 (immediately after completing the \u0000intervention) and week 12 (four weeks after completing the intervention). Data were analyzed by IBM-SPSS 21. \u0000A p≤0.05 was considered significant in examining the hypotheses. \u0000Results: Eighteen couples (36 individuals) continued until the end of the study. The mean ages in the \u0000intervention and control groups were 34.02±1.15 years and 36.7±3.2 respectively. Participants' clinical features \u0000including age, sex, education, couple therapy history, number of children, and familial relationship were not \u0000significantly different between the two groups. The results of ENRICH and family function scale showed that \u0000there was a significant difference between the two groups immediately and 4 weeks after completion of the \u0000intervention (p=0.002) \u0000Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that psychoeducation based on choice theory has a significant \u0000effect on marital adaptability and satisfaction as well as family function. \u0000Trial registration: The current study was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (http://wwwirct.ir) \u0000(ID: IRCT20180504039519N1). \u0000Funding: No financial support was received by authors for the research. \u0000Keywords: Theory of choice, Marital adaptability, Marital satisfaction, Couple","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48653376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. K. Ghalibaf, Z. M. Khorasani, Mahdi Gholian-Aval, M. Tara
{"title":"Systematic development of a Weighted Hierarchical Topic Model for Educational Needs of Patients with type 2 diabetes","authors":"A. K. Ghalibaf, Z. M. Khorasani, Mahdi Gholian-Aval, M. Tara","doi":"10.19082/7512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7512","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48447174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among male secondary school students in Arar city, Saudi Arabia, during the school year 2018","authors":"Shaher Falah Alenazi, S. Hammad, A. E. Mohamed","doi":"10.19082/7522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7522","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46297082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Choosing between parametric and non-parametric statistical tests for analysis of non-normally distributed continuous data is a long-standing controversy. Conventionally, it is recommended to use non-parametric tests but few others suggest using the parametric test. This article evaluates the simulation studies comparing the parametric tests with non-parametric tests in analysing the non-normally distributed continuous data. Nonparametric tests are recommended only when data is highly skewed and log transformation technique cannot change it to normal distribution. However, in most other situations parametric tests are more powerful in analysing non-normally distributed continuous data.
{"title":"Parametric test for non-normally distributed continuous data: For and against","authors":"Umesh Wadgave, M. Khairnar","doi":"10.19082/7468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7468","url":null,"abstract":"Choosing between parametric and non-parametric statistical tests for analysis of non-normally distributed continuous data is a long-standing controversy. Conventionally, it is recommended to use non-parametric tests but few others suggest using the parametric test. This article evaluates the simulation studies comparing the parametric tests with non-parametric tests in analysing the non-normally distributed continuous data. Nonparametric tests are recommended only when data is highly skewed and log transformation technique cannot change it to normal distribution. However, in most other situations parametric tests are more powerful in analysing non-normally distributed continuous data.","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48406496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maryam Monfared, A. Karimi-Yazdi, Fataneh Hashem-Dabaghian, M. Azizkhani, F. Amini-Behbahani
Background: Chronic vertigo is a frustrating and expensive disease affecting individuals and society. Scientists of Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) have a long held belief that there is a common type of vertigo originated from the stomach known as gastric related vertigo (GRV) and there are present, simple and low-cost treatments for GRV based on its categorization. Objective: To develop a valid tool for assessing GRV and determining the prevalence of this type of vertigo. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was designed based on GRV indices. To determine the intra-rater reliability, a testretest method was used and kappa coefficient was measured by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS, version 17). Content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) for each question were calculated by using Lawshe table. The reliable version of the questionnaire was assessed in a sample of 135 patients with a chronic true vertigo which lasts more than three months and aged between 18 and 65 years. This study was conducted in the outpatient clinics of several university hospitals in Tehran, Iran, between May 2016 and November 2017. Results: A valid 30-item questionnaire with CVR more than 0.62, CVI more than 0.78 and kappa coefficient more than 0.7 was the main achievement of this study, which can be useful for assessment of GRV in future clinical trials. The study showed that 98 participants (72.59%) had at least one criterion of GRV. Conclusion: According to the high prevalence of GRV among patients who suffer from chronic vertigo, more studies in this field including clinical trial are suggested.
{"title":"Reliability and validity of a questionnaire for diagnosis of clinical gastric related vertigo: A Traditional Persian Medicine perspective and prevalence assessment","authors":"Maryam Monfared, A. Karimi-Yazdi, Fataneh Hashem-Dabaghian, M. Azizkhani, F. Amini-Behbahani","doi":"10.19082/7400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7400","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic vertigo is a frustrating and expensive disease affecting individuals and society. Scientists of Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) have a long held belief that there is a common type of vertigo originated from the stomach known as gastric related vertigo (GRV) and there are present, simple and low-cost treatments for GRV based on its categorization. Objective: To develop a valid tool for assessing GRV and determining the prevalence of this type of vertigo. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was designed based on GRV indices. To determine the intra-rater reliability, a testretest method was used and kappa coefficient was measured by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS, version 17). Content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) for each question were calculated by using Lawshe table. The reliable version of the questionnaire was assessed in a sample of 135 patients with a chronic true vertigo which lasts more than three months and aged between 18 and 65 years. This study was conducted in the outpatient clinics of several university hospitals in Tehran, Iran, between May 2016 and November 2017. Results: A valid 30-item questionnaire with CVR more than 0.62, CVI more than 0.78 and kappa coefficient more than 0.7 was the main achievement of this study, which can be useful for assessment of GRV in future clinical trials. The study showed that 98 participants (72.59%) had at least one criterion of GRV. Conclusion: According to the high prevalence of GRV among patients who suffer from chronic vertigo, more studies in this field including clinical trial are suggested.","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45469133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Insulin is widely used in the treatment of diabetes. There is an increasing concern regarding the association between insulin glargine use and breast cancer. Aim: To systematically review the literature on insulin glargine use and breast cancer risk. Methods: A systematic literature search on the relevant articles assessing insulin glargine use and breast cancer during the period from January 2008 to January 2018 was carried out. Studies on animals, human cell line, and humans, in English language that state the duration and dose of insulin glargine use, and the number of participants were retrieved from MEDLINE, Web Of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, and EBSCO, using the keywords insulin glargine, insulin Lantus, insulin analogs, breast neoplasia, and breast cancer. Results: Out of 311 articles, 34 manuscripts stand after duplication removal and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria (twelve experimental studies, eight reviews, and fourteen human studies). The reviews’ results were inconclusive, human studies showed no relation of insulin glargine with breast cancer except at high dose and long duration of ≥ five years, and prior human insulin use, while the experimental studies showed a decreased breast cancer latency. Conclusion: There is no association between insulin glargine and breast cancer. Some of the studies showed an association with a long duration of high doses and prior human insulin use. Treating physicians may need to use insulin glargine as the basal insulin of choice before human insulin, although the dose and duration need to be taken into consideration. Real-world studies are needed.
背景:胰岛素广泛应用于糖尿病的治疗。人们越来越关注甘精胰岛素的使用与乳腺癌之间的关系。目的:对甘精胰岛素使用与乳腺癌风险的相关文献进行系统综述。方法:系统检索2008年1月至2018年1月评估甘精胰岛素使用与乳腺癌的相关文章。动物、人类细胞系和人类的研究，用英文说明甘精胰岛素使用的持续时间和剂量，以及参与者人数，检索自MEDLINE、Web of Science、EMBASE、PubMed和EBSCO，检索关键词为甘精胰岛素、Lantus胰岛素、胰岛素类似物、乳腺肿瘤和乳腺癌。结果:在311篇文章中，34篇文章经过重复删除并应用纳入和排除标准(12篇实验研究，8篇综述，14篇人体研究)。综述的结果尚无定论，人类研究显示甘精胰岛素与乳腺癌没有关系，除了高剂量和≥5年的长时间持续，以及以前使用过胰岛素，而实验研究显示乳腺癌潜伏期降低。结论:甘精胰岛素与乳腺癌无相关性。一些研究显示，长时间高剂量使用与先前的人类胰岛素使用有关。治疗医生可能需要在人用胰岛素之前选择甘精胰岛素作为基础胰岛素，尽管需要考虑剂量和持续时间。现实世界的研究是必要的。
{"title":"Insulin glargine use and breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Ibrahim Altedlawi Albalawi, H. Mirghani","doi":"10.19082/7408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19082/7408","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Insulin is widely used in the treatment of diabetes. There is an increasing concern regarding the association between insulin glargine use and breast cancer. Aim: To systematically review the literature on insulin glargine use and breast cancer risk. Methods: A systematic literature search on the relevant articles assessing insulin glargine use and breast cancer during the period from January 2008 to January 2018 was carried out. Studies on animals, human cell line, and humans, in English language that state the duration and dose of insulin glargine use, and the number of participants were retrieved from MEDLINE, Web Of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, and EBSCO, using the keywords insulin glargine, insulin Lantus, insulin analogs, breast neoplasia, and breast cancer. Results: Out of 311 articles, 34 manuscripts stand after duplication removal and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria (twelve experimental studies, eight reviews, and fourteen human studies). The reviews’ results were inconclusive, human studies showed no relation of insulin glargine with breast cancer except at high dose and long duration of ≥ five years, and prior human insulin use, while the experimental studies showed a decreased breast cancer latency. Conclusion: There is no association between insulin glargine and breast cancer. Some of the studies showed an association with a long duration of high doses and prior human insulin use. Treating physicians may need to use insulin glargine as the basal insulin of choice before human insulin, although the dose and duration need to be taken into consideration. Real-world studies are needed.","PeriodicalId":11603,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Physician","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47134536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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