Sumit Sharma, Ramya Raghu, A. Shetty, Subhashini Rajasekhara, Harika Lakshmisetty, G. Bharath
Aims: The aim is to evaluate the retreatability of BioRoot RCS (BCS)/Gutta-percha (GP) as compared to AH Plus/GP with and without a solvent using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Mesio-buccal canals in 48 first mandibular molars were instrumented using iRace rotary files up to size 25.4% and obturated with GP using one of the following sealers, BCS and AH Plus. Post obturation, the teeth were scanned using a CBCT. All samples were divided into four groups (n = 12). Group 1: GP/BCS was removed using D-Race retreatment files and xylene as a solvent; Group 2: GP/BCS was removed using D-Race retreatment files without xylene; Group 3: GP/AH Plus was removed using D-Race retreatment files with xylene; Group 4: GP/AH Plus was removed using D-Race retreatment files without xylene. Time taken to reach the working length (WL) was recorded. Samples were again scanned using CBCT and the remaining filling material was calculated in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds. Data were tabulated and analyzed via Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney Post hoc test (P < 0.05). Results: Group 3 exhibited significantly less time to reach WL as compared to Group 1. There was no significant difference between Group 2 and Group 4. In all groups, the apical third had the most remaining filling material (Group 1 – 13.75 ± 4.83, Group 2 – 18.33 ± 3.26, Group 3 – 10.42 ± 3.34, Group 4 – 15.42 ± 3.34). WL and patency were re-established in all the samples. Conclusions: Irrespective of the retreatment technique employed complete removal of both the sealers could not be achieved. However, retreatability of AH Plus with xylene was superior to that of BioRoot RCS.
目的：目的是使用锥束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）评估BioRoot RCS（BCS）/牙胶（GP）与AH-Plus/GP在有溶剂和无溶剂的情况下的可再利用性。材料和方法：使用尺寸为25.4%的iRace旋转锉对48颗第一下颌磨牙的Mesio颊管进行器械固定，并使用以下密封剂之一BCS和AH-Plus用GP进行封闭。闭孔后，使用CBCT对牙齿进行扫描。将所有样本分为四组（n=12）。第1组：使用D-Race再处理锉和二甲苯作为溶剂去除GP/BCS；第2组：使用不含二甲苯的D-Race再处理锉去除GP/BCS；第3组：使用二甲苯D-Race再处理锉去除GP/AH-Plus；第4组：使用不含二甲苯的D-Race再处理文件去除GP/AH Plus。记录达到工作长度（WL）所花费的时间。再次使用CBCT扫描样本，并计算冠状、中间和顶端三分之一的剩余填充材料。通过Kruskal–Wallis和Mann–Whitney Post hoc检验将数据制成表格并进行分析（P<0.05）。结果：与第1组相比，第3组达到WL的时间明显更短。第2组和第4组之间没有显著差异。在所有组中，根尖三分之一具有最多的剩余填充材料（第1组-13.75±4.83，第2组-18.33±3.26，第3组-10.42±3.34，第4组-15.42±3.3 4）。所有样本的WL和通畅性均重新建立。结论：无论采用何种再处理技术，都无法完全去除两种封闭剂。然而，AH-Plus与二甲苯的可再处理性优于BioRoot RCS。
{"title":"An in vitro comparative evaluation of retreatability of a bioceramic and resin sealer using cone-beam computed tomography analysis","authors":"Sumit Sharma, Ramya Raghu, A. Shetty, Subhashini Rajasekhara, Harika Lakshmisetty, G. Bharath","doi":"10.4103/endo.endo_84_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/endo.endo_84_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The aim is to evaluate the retreatability of BioRoot RCS (BCS)/Gutta-percha (GP) as compared to AH Plus/GP with and without a solvent using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Mesio-buccal canals in 48 first mandibular molars were instrumented using iRace rotary files up to size 25.4% and obturated with GP using one of the following sealers, BCS and AH Plus. Post obturation, the teeth were scanned using a CBCT. All samples were divided into four groups (n = 12). Group 1: GP/BCS was removed using D-Race retreatment files and xylene as a solvent; Group 2: GP/BCS was removed using D-Race retreatment files without xylene; Group 3: GP/AH Plus was removed using D-Race retreatment files with xylene; Group 4: GP/AH Plus was removed using D-Race retreatment files without xylene. Time taken to reach the working length (WL) was recorded. Samples were again scanned using CBCT and the remaining filling material was calculated in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds. Data were tabulated and analyzed via Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney Post hoc test (P < 0.05). Results: Group 3 exhibited significantly less time to reach WL as compared to Group 1. There was no significant difference between Group 2 and Group 4. In all groups, the apical third had the most remaining filling material (Group 1 – 13.75 ± 4.83, Group 2 – 18.33 ± 3.26, Group 3 – 10.42 ± 3.34, Group 4 – 15.42 ± 3.34). WL and patency were re-established in all the samples. Conclusions: Irrespective of the retreatment technique employed complete removal of both the sealers could not be achieved. However, retreatability of AH Plus with xylene was superior to that of BioRoot RCS.","PeriodicalId":11607,"journal":{"name":"Endodontology","volume":"34 1","pages":"173 - 179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48708044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/endo.endo_112_21
Sonali Talwar, P. Mahajan, Nitika Bajaj, Prashant Monga, Pratibha Marya, P. Gandhi
Aim: The present in vitro study was designed to determine the effect of different access cavity designs on intracoronal bleaching of endodontically treated teeth with two different agents. Materials and Methods: Fifty selected permanent maxillary central incisors were stained. Traditional and contracted access cavity designs and two types of bleaching agents, i.e., 35% carbamide peroxide and 35 percent hydrogen peroxide were used for the study. Color measurements were performed with a spectrophotometer: before staining (T1), after staining (T2), at 7 and 14 days (T3 and T4) post bleaching. The values were calculated and subjected to the statistical analysis. Results: The results of our study showed that teeth in which traditional access cavity (TAC) was prepared had statistically significant better bleaching results with both 35% carbamide peroxide and 35% hydrogen peroxide than contracted access cavity design. Carbamide peroxide showed better results than hydrogen peroxide irrespective of the access cavity design, but difference was statistically nonsignificant. Conclusion: The present study concluded that TAC design showed better results than contracted access with both carbamide peroxide and hydrogen peroxide. Whereas, when bleaching agents were compared 35% carbamide peroxide is better than 35% hydrogen peroxide irrespective of access cavity design used.
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of different access cavity designs on intracoronal bleaching of endodontically treated teeth using two different agents – An in vitro study","authors":"Sonali Talwar, P. Mahajan, Nitika Bajaj, Prashant Monga, Pratibha Marya, P. Gandhi","doi":"10.4103/endo.endo_112_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/endo.endo_112_21","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The present in vitro study was designed to determine the effect of different access cavity designs on intracoronal bleaching of endodontically treated teeth with two different agents. Materials and Methods: Fifty selected permanent maxillary central incisors were stained. Traditional and contracted access cavity designs and two types of bleaching agents, i.e., 35% carbamide peroxide and 35 percent hydrogen peroxide were used for the study. Color measurements were performed with a spectrophotometer: before staining (T1), after staining (T2), at 7 and 14 days (T3 and T4) post bleaching. The values were calculated and subjected to the statistical analysis. Results: The results of our study showed that teeth in which traditional access cavity (TAC) was prepared had statistically significant better bleaching results with both 35% carbamide peroxide and 35% hydrogen peroxide than contracted access cavity design. Carbamide peroxide showed better results than hydrogen peroxide irrespective of the access cavity design, but difference was statistically nonsignificant. Conclusion: The present study concluded that TAC design showed better results than contracted access with both carbamide peroxide and hydrogen peroxide. Whereas, when bleaching agents were compared 35% carbamide peroxide is better than 35% hydrogen peroxide irrespective of access cavity design used.","PeriodicalId":11607,"journal":{"name":"Endodontology","volume":"34 1","pages":"156 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46194732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/endo.endo_231_21
Sunanda Gaddalay, Damini Patil, Ramchandra Kabir
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of humidity on the bond strength of AH Plus, BioRoot RCS, and Nanoseal-S sealers. Materials and Methods: Sixty root slices, each 1 ± 0.1 mm thick, were prepared from the middle-third of 20 mandibular premolars. Three holes, 0.8 mm wide each, were drilled on each slice. These holes were subjected to standardized irrigations and dried. Each hole in each slice was filled with the three individual sealers, AH Plus, BioRoot RCS, and Nanoseal-S. The samples were then stored in saline for 7 days at 37°C. The push-out bond strength of each sealer in each hole of all samples was tested. The differences in push-out bond strengths between the three sealer samples were assessed using the unpaired t-test and post hoc Turkey's HSD test. The significance level was set at 5%. Results: The results of the post hoc Tukey's HSD test (P < 0.05) indicated that the mean and median push-out bond strength were highest for BioRoot RCS, irrespective of the moisture conditions. Conclusion: Humidity conditions did not influence the bond strength of AH Plus, BioRoot RCS, and Nanoseal-S sealers.
{"title":"The influence of humidity on bond strength of AH Plus, BioRoot RCS, and Nanoseal-S sealers: An in vitro study","authors":"Sunanda Gaddalay, Damini Patil, Ramchandra Kabir","doi":"10.4103/endo.endo_231_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/endo.endo_231_21","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of humidity on the bond strength of AH Plus, BioRoot RCS, and Nanoseal-S sealers. Materials and Methods: Sixty root slices, each 1 ± 0.1 mm thick, were prepared from the middle-third of 20 mandibular premolars. Three holes, 0.8 mm wide each, were drilled on each slice. These holes were subjected to standardized irrigations and dried. Each hole in each slice was filled with the three individual sealers, AH Plus, BioRoot RCS, and Nanoseal-S. The samples were then stored in saline for 7 days at 37°C. The push-out bond strength of each sealer in each hole of all samples was tested. The differences in push-out bond strengths between the three sealer samples were assessed using the unpaired t-test and post hoc Turkey's HSD test. The significance level was set at 5%. Results: The results of the post hoc Tukey's HSD test (P < 0.05) indicated that the mean and median push-out bond strength were highest for BioRoot RCS, irrespective of the moisture conditions. Conclusion: Humidity conditions did not influence the bond strength of AH Plus, BioRoot RCS, and Nanoseal-S sealers.","PeriodicalId":11607,"journal":{"name":"Endodontology","volume":"34 1","pages":"202 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44018876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: This study intended to compare the effectiveness of manual files H-files and ProTaper universal retreatment (PTUR), R-Endo retreatment, and gutta-percha removal (GPR) Mani retreatment rotary files for removing root canal filling material. Materials and Methods: Eighty mandibular premolars with single canal were selected. The canals were enlarged with ProTaper rotary files up to F2 and obturated using the lateral condensation technique. Then, the samples were randomly divided into four groups and retreated using hand files and rotary retreatment files. The area of remaining root canal filling material was evaluated by splitting the tooth using a stereomicroscope with ×10 and auto computer-aided design software and the percentage of remaining filling material on canal walls was calculated with equation: area % of remaining filling material = area of remaining material ×100/area of canal. One-way ANOVA was carried out to compare the groups and post hoc Tukey's test for pairwise association with each of four groups. Results: Group A (H-files) showed 61.87% of remaining filling material, Group B (PTUR) showed 24.94%, Group C (R-Endo) showed 37.12%, and Group D (GPR Mani) showed 45.95% of remaining root canal filling material. Conclusions: All the groups showed residual root canal filling material. Least was seen in group retreated using PTUR files and maximum was seen in group retreated with H-files.
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of effectiveness of manual and various rotary retreatment techniques for removal of root canal filling material: An in-vitro study","authors":"A. Jagtap, G. Aher, M. Gulve, Swapnil Kolhe","doi":"10.4103/endo.endo_78_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/endo.endo_78_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study intended to compare the effectiveness of manual files H-files and ProTaper universal retreatment (PTUR), R-Endo retreatment, and gutta-percha removal (GPR) Mani retreatment rotary files for removing root canal filling material. Materials and Methods: Eighty mandibular premolars with single canal were selected. The canals were enlarged with ProTaper rotary files up to F2 and obturated using the lateral condensation technique. Then, the samples were randomly divided into four groups and retreated using hand files and rotary retreatment files. The area of remaining root canal filling material was evaluated by splitting the tooth using a stereomicroscope with ×10 and auto computer-aided design software and the percentage of remaining filling material on canal walls was calculated with equation: area % of remaining filling material = area of remaining material ×100/area of canal. One-way ANOVA was carried out to compare the groups and post hoc Tukey's test for pairwise association with each of four groups. Results: Group A (H-files) showed 61.87% of remaining filling material, Group B (PTUR) showed 24.94%, Group C (R-Endo) showed 37.12%, and Group D (GPR Mani) showed 45.95% of remaining root canal filling material. Conclusions: All the groups showed residual root canal filling material. Least was seen in group retreated using PTUR files and maximum was seen in group retreated with H-files.","PeriodicalId":11607,"journal":{"name":"Endodontology","volume":"34 1","pages":"184 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47038415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of glass ionomer cement (GIC) with e-mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine when placed immediately and after initial set. Materials and Methodology: Forty acrylic blocks with 2-mm height and 5-mm diameter central holes were prepared and randomly divided into two equal groups (n = 20). Group A (n = 20) and Group B (n = 20) were filled with E-MTA and Biodentine, respectively. These groups (n = 20) were further divided into two subgroups each; subgroup A1 (n = 10) and A2 (n = 10) were the placement of GIC immediately over freshly mixed e-MTA and after initial set e-MTA, respectively, subgroup B1 (n = 10) and B2 (n = 10) were the placement of GIC immediately over freshly mixed Biodentine and after initial set Biodentine, respectively. All the samples were later subjected to UTM for shear bond strength test. Results: The highest shear bond strength was recorded with subgroup B1 were the placement of GIC immediately over freshly mixed Biodentine, i. e., (18.72 MPa) and lowest with subgroup A2 placement of GIC after initial set MTA (5.96MPa). The shear bond strength of GIC condensed over freshly mixed e-MTA (subgroup A1) shows higher mean value then after initial set MTA (subgroup A2); however, SBS was highest in the placement of GIC immediately over freshly mixed Biodentine (subgroup B1). Conclusion: Within the limitation of this in vitro study, it can be concluded that freshly mixed Biodentine can be restored immediately with GIC.
{"title":"Evaluation of shear bond strength of e-mineral trioxide aggregate and biodentine with glass ionomer cement: An in vitro study","authors":"Hemalatha Hiremath, Aishwarya Solanki, Shivangi Trivedi, Devansh Verma","doi":"10.4103/endo.endo_17_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/endo.endo_17_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of glass ionomer cement (GIC) with e-mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine when placed immediately and after initial set. Materials and Methodology: Forty acrylic blocks with 2-mm height and 5-mm diameter central holes were prepared and randomly divided into two equal groups (n = 20). Group A (n = 20) and Group B (n = 20) were filled with E-MTA and Biodentine, respectively. These groups (n = 20) were further divided into two subgroups each; subgroup A1 (n = 10) and A2 (n = 10) were the placement of GIC immediately over freshly mixed e-MTA and after initial set e-MTA, respectively, subgroup B1 (n = 10) and B2 (n = 10) were the placement of GIC immediately over freshly mixed Biodentine and after initial set Biodentine, respectively. All the samples were later subjected to UTM for shear bond strength test. Results: The highest shear bond strength was recorded with subgroup B1 were the placement of GIC immediately over freshly mixed Biodentine, i. e., (18.72 MPa) and lowest with subgroup A2 placement of GIC after initial set MTA (5.96MPa). The shear bond strength of GIC condensed over freshly mixed e-MTA (subgroup A1) shows higher mean value then after initial set MTA (subgroup A2); however, SBS was highest in the placement of GIC immediately over freshly mixed Biodentine (subgroup B1). Conclusion: Within the limitation of this in vitro study, it can be concluded that freshly mixed Biodentine can be restored immediately with GIC.","PeriodicalId":11607,"journal":{"name":"Endodontology","volume":"34 1","pages":"127 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43469223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Glide path preparation permits predictable debridement and shaping of radicular space while reducing procedural errors like apical extrusion of debris and microorganisms which can postpone healing. The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effect of glide path files with different metallurgy on apically extruded Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and Methods: Forty human mandibular bicuspids were selected, decoronated, and autoclaved. The samples were placed in a test apparatus of sterilized glass vials and inoculated with E. faecalis. The specimens were randomly allocated into four major groups (n = 10) each depending on the glide path file used – Group I with Proglider, Group II with EdgeGlidePath Files, Group III with Neoniti GPS, and Group IV without rotary glide path instruments using HyFlex electrical discharge machining (EDM). After glide path preparation, final canal preparation was done with HyFlex EDM. The apically extruded E. faecalis was counted as colony-forming unit and was converted into log values. Statistical analysis was evaluated using Kruskal–Wallis H Test and Mann–Whitney U-test using SPSS software; version 22.0 (SPSS INC., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: Group IV without glide path preparation technique showed maximum extrusion of E. faecalis in comparison to other groups (P < 0.05). Groups I and II showed a similar quantity of extruded bacteria. Group III showed significantly higher bacterial extrusion than Groups I and II. Conclusions: Glide path preparation groups showed less amount of apically extruded E. faecalis. EDGEGlidePath files showed lesser apically extruded E. faecalis in comparison to Proglider and Neoniti GPS.
{"title":"Effect of glide path files with different metallurgy on intracanal bacterial extrusion by HyFlex electrical discharge machining file: An in vitro study","authors":"Priyanka Soni, Pragya Kumar, S. Taneja, A. Jain","doi":"10.4103/endo.endo_39_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/endo.endo_39_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Glide path preparation permits predictable debridement and shaping of radicular space while reducing procedural errors like apical extrusion of debris and microorganisms which can postpone healing. The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effect of glide path files with different metallurgy on apically extruded Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and Methods: Forty human mandibular bicuspids were selected, decoronated, and autoclaved. The samples were placed in a test apparatus of sterilized glass vials and inoculated with E. faecalis. The specimens were randomly allocated into four major groups (n = 10) each depending on the glide path file used – Group I with Proglider, Group II with EdgeGlidePath Files, Group III with Neoniti GPS, and Group IV without rotary glide path instruments using HyFlex electrical discharge machining (EDM). After glide path preparation, final canal preparation was done with HyFlex EDM. The apically extruded E. faecalis was counted as colony-forming unit and was converted into log values. Statistical analysis was evaluated using Kruskal–Wallis H Test and Mann–Whitney U-test using SPSS software; version 22.0 (SPSS INC., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: Group IV without glide path preparation technique showed maximum extrusion of E. faecalis in comparison to other groups (P < 0.05). Groups I and II showed a similar quantity of extruded bacteria. Group III showed significantly higher bacterial extrusion than Groups I and II. Conclusions: Glide path preparation groups showed less amount of apically extruded E. faecalis. EDGEGlidePath files showed lesser apically extruded E. faecalis in comparison to Proglider and Neoniti GPS.","PeriodicalId":11607,"journal":{"name":"Endodontology","volume":"34 1","pages":"168 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45286189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kiran Ghatole, S. Indi, P. Diwanji, Janavathi, Ashwini Hambire, Aadil Thimwala
Aim: Using N acetyl cysteine (NAC) and Chlorhexidine as final irrigants, the study aims to examine the push out bond strength of distinct sealers. Materials and Methods: Access and biomechanical preparation were done on decoronated 80 single-rooted teeth. Canals were alternatively irrigated using 5ml of 5.25% NaOCl and 5ml of 17% EDTA solution during instrumentation. On the basis of final irrigation procedure, the samples are divided into two groups: Group 1 – NAC and Group 2 – 2% Chlorhexidine. Using paper points, canals were dried and subdivided depending on the sealers used, Group 1A and 2A- AH plus and 1B and 2B- BioRoot RCS. Teeth were obturated and middle root sections were tested for push-out bond strength using universal testing equipment. Statistical analysis was done. Results: NAC with AH-plus sealer had the maximum push-out strength, whereas Chlorhexidine with BioRoot RCS sealer had the lowest. Conclusion: NAC increases the bond strength of the obturating materials as the final irrigant. NAC can be considered as a final irrigant for endodontic therapy.
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of N-acetylcysteine and chlorhexidine as final irrigation on the push-out bond strength of different sealers: An in vitro study","authors":"Kiran Ghatole, S. Indi, P. Diwanji, Janavathi, Ashwini Hambire, Aadil Thimwala","doi":"10.4103/endo.endo_81_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/endo.endo_81_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Using N acetyl cysteine (NAC) and Chlorhexidine as final irrigants, the study aims to examine the push out bond strength of distinct sealers. Materials and Methods: Access and biomechanical preparation were done on decoronated 80 single-rooted teeth. Canals were alternatively irrigated using 5ml of 5.25% NaOCl and 5ml of 17% EDTA solution during instrumentation. On the basis of final irrigation procedure, the samples are divided into two groups: Group 1 – NAC and Group 2 – 2% Chlorhexidine. Using paper points, canals were dried and subdivided depending on the sealers used, Group 1A and 2A- AH plus and 1B and 2B- BioRoot RCS. Teeth were obturated and middle root sections were tested for push-out bond strength using universal testing equipment. Statistical analysis was done. Results: NAC with AH-plus sealer had the maximum push-out strength, whereas Chlorhexidine with BioRoot RCS sealer had the lowest. Conclusion: NAC increases the bond strength of the obturating materials as the final irrigant. NAC can be considered as a final irrigant for endodontic therapy.","PeriodicalId":11607,"journal":{"name":"Endodontology","volume":"34 1","pages":"180 - 183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47402248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: This split-mouth (SM), randomized controlled trial was planned to assess the influence of two different volumes (15 ml and 25 ml) of 2.5% of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on the endodontic treatment outcome of teeth with apical periodontitis (AP) by radiographic and clinical evaluation. Materials and Methods: The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee (25/XX/IEC/2017/11). Using block randomization, permanent lower molars with pulp necrosis and chronic AP (periapical index [PAI] of 3 or above) were allotted to two treatment groups as Group I (low volume [LV]) and Group II (high volume (HV)) wherein 3 ml and 5 ml of NaOCl irrigant were used after each Mtwo rotary file, respectively. This NaOCl was activated by a sonic handpiece. With power at 0.80, P < 0.05, and minimum clinically significant mean intergroup difference set at 0.40 units (standard deviation – 0.88 unit) while using the change in PAI score as the primary outcome, a total of 46 subjects per group were recruited to adequately show a difference in success at the 12-month follow-up. Clinical (at 24 h, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months) and radiographic (6 and 12 months) assessment of all cases was done. Results: Due to SM design of the study, there was no difference in the demographics of subjects between both the groups. Pain scores between both groups were statistically nonsignificant preoperatively (P = 0.857) and at 24 h (P = 0.852). However, there was statistically significant difference in preoperative and 24 h pain scores in Group I (P = 0.000) and Group II (0.000). Comparison of intergroup preoperative and 12-month follow-up PAI scores revealed no statistically significant difference (P = 0.667). However, there was statistically significant difference in preoperative and 12-month follow-up PAI scores in Group I (P = 0.000) and Group II (P = 0.000). Intergroup comparison of PAI scores at baseline (P = 0.894) and follow-up (P = 0.526) revealed no significant difference. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it can be suggested that there is no significant advantage of using HV of NaOCl over LV as far as periapical healing and postendodontic pain are concerned.
{"title":"Effect of two different volumes of sodium hypochlorite on endodontic treatment outcome following single-visit root canal treatment: A split-mouth, double-blind, randomized controlled trial","authors":"G. Jadhav, Priya Mittal, Dheeraj Kalra","doi":"10.4103/endo.endo_10_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/endo.endo_10_22","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This split-mouth (SM), randomized controlled trial was planned to assess the influence of two different volumes (15 ml and 25 ml) of 2.5% of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on the endodontic treatment outcome of teeth with apical periodontitis (AP) by radiographic and clinical evaluation. Materials and Methods: The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee (25/XX/IEC/2017/11). Using block randomization, permanent lower molars with pulp necrosis and chronic AP (periapical index [PAI] of 3 or above) were allotted to two treatment groups as Group I (low volume [LV]) and Group II (high volume (HV)) wherein 3 ml and 5 ml of NaOCl irrigant were used after each Mtwo rotary file, respectively. This NaOCl was activated by a sonic handpiece. With power at 0.80, P < 0.05, and minimum clinically significant mean intergroup difference set at 0.40 units (standard deviation – 0.88 unit) while using the change in PAI score as the primary outcome, a total of 46 subjects per group were recruited to adequately show a difference in success at the 12-month follow-up. Clinical (at 24 h, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months) and radiographic (6 and 12 months) assessment of all cases was done. Results: Due to SM design of the study, there was no difference in the demographics of subjects between both the groups. Pain scores between both groups were statistically nonsignificant preoperatively (P = 0.857) and at 24 h (P = 0.852). However, there was statistically significant difference in preoperative and 24 h pain scores in Group I (P = 0.000) and Group II (0.000). Comparison of intergroup preoperative and 12-month follow-up PAI scores revealed no statistically significant difference (P = 0.667). However, there was statistically significant difference in preoperative and 12-month follow-up PAI scores in Group I (P = 0.000) and Group II (P = 0.000). Intergroup comparison of PAI scores at baseline (P = 0.894) and follow-up (P = 0.526) revealed no significant difference. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it can be suggested that there is no significant advantage of using HV of NaOCl over LV as far as periapical healing and postendodontic pain are concerned.","PeriodicalId":11607,"journal":{"name":"Endodontology","volume":"34 1","pages":"189 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45500983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/endo.endo_203_21
S. Saji, T. Mathew, A. Shetty, Gurmeen Kaur, Sunheri Bajpe
Aim: To compare the sealing ability of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and Biodentine as root-end filling materials by assessing the degree of microleakage through confocal laser scanning microscopy. Materials and Methods: Thirty extracted maxillary incisors were root canal treated using the rotary ProTaper system. Apical root resections followed by retrograde cavity preparation were done. The teeth were divided into three groups and filled with the 3 tested materials (PMMA bone cement, MTA, and Biodentine). Samples were coated with nail varnish, immersed in 0.5% aqueous solution of rhodamine B dye for 24 h, and rinsed with water to remove excess dye. Samples were horizontally sectioned at 1 mm intervals into three using a diamond disk and were labeled A, B, and C and considered first, second, and third, respectively, based on their distance from the apex. Each slice was divided into four equal parts and evaluated using a confocal laser scanning microscope. Dye penetration was scored based on the amount of microleakage. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. Results: Intergroup comparison of the mean scores of dye penetration among the three materials showed that there is a statistical difference between PMMA bone cement, MTA, and Biodentine, in sections B and C (P ≤ 0.05). The three groups showed no statistical difference in dye penetration scores in section A. Conclusion: The microleakage is least with PMMA bone cement followed by Biodentine and MTA. Microleakage was least in section C followed by sections B and A.
{"title":"Confocal laser scanning microscopic evaluation of sealing ability of bone cement, mineral trioxide aggregate and biodentine as root-end filling materials: An in vitro study","authors":"S. Saji, T. Mathew, A. Shetty, Gurmeen Kaur, Sunheri Bajpe","doi":"10.4103/endo.endo_203_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/endo.endo_203_21","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To compare the sealing ability of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and Biodentine as root-end filling materials by assessing the degree of microleakage through confocal laser scanning microscopy. Materials and Methods: Thirty extracted maxillary incisors were root canal treated using the rotary ProTaper system. Apical root resections followed by retrograde cavity preparation were done. The teeth were divided into three groups and filled with the 3 tested materials (PMMA bone cement, MTA, and Biodentine). Samples were coated with nail varnish, immersed in 0.5% aqueous solution of rhodamine B dye for 24 h, and rinsed with water to remove excess dye. Samples were horizontally sectioned at 1 mm intervals into three using a diamond disk and were labeled A, B, and C and considered first, second, and third, respectively, based on their distance from the apex. Each slice was divided into four equal parts and evaluated using a confocal laser scanning microscope. Dye penetration was scored based on the amount of microleakage. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. Results: Intergroup comparison of the mean scores of dye penetration among the three materials showed that there is a statistical difference between PMMA bone cement, MTA, and Biodentine, in sections B and C (P ≤ 0.05). The three groups showed no statistical difference in dye penetration scores in section A. Conclusion: The microleakage is least with PMMA bone cement followed by Biodentine and MTA. Microleakage was least in section C followed by sections B and A.","PeriodicalId":11607,"journal":{"name":"Endodontology","volume":"34 1","pages":"86 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48908810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/endo.endo_152_20
Shrija Paradkar, Khushboo Goyal, S. Saha, A. Bhardwaj, M. Saha, A. Nirwan
Aim: The aim of this in-vitro study was to comparatively evaluate the ease of retreatment in canals, obturated through GuttaFlow 2, GuttaCore, and conventional Lateral compaction technique using ProTaper Universal Retreatment (PTUR) Files. Materials and Methods: Sixty single-rooted mandibular premolars were selected and the canals were instrumented with ProTaper Universal rotary files up to size #F3. Samples were randomly divided into three experimental groups of 20 teeth each and obturated using three different obturating systems (GROUP I-Lateral compaction technique, GROUP II-GuttaFlow 2, GROUP III-GuttaCore). All the groups underwent cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis following which retrieval of the previous root canal filling was done using the PTUR files. Post retreatment CBCT images were used to assess the amount of remaining obturating material at varying depths (3 mm, 6 mm, and 12 mm) for all three groups. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance and ANOVA. Results: Irrespective of the obturating system used, filling material could not be removed completely from the root canal walls. Significantly more amount of obturating material was observed in the apical third than the middle third and coronal third of the root canal space (P < 0.05). When comparing the groups, the maximum percentage of remaining obturating material was seen in Group III (GuttaCore) followed by Group I (lateral compaction), with the least being observed in Group II (GuttaFlow2). Conclusion: The GuttaCore technique utilizing carrier-based gutta-percha had the maximum amount of remaining obturating material after retreatment when compared to the GuttaFlow2 and Lateral Compaction techniques.
{"title":"A comparative evaluation of retrievability of three different obturating systems using protaper universal rotary retreatment files: An in vitro cone-beam computed tomography analysis","authors":"Shrija Paradkar, Khushboo Goyal, S. Saha, A. Bhardwaj, M. Saha, A. Nirwan","doi":"10.4103/endo.endo_152_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/endo.endo_152_20","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this in-vitro study was to comparatively evaluate the ease of retreatment in canals, obturated through GuttaFlow 2, GuttaCore, and conventional Lateral compaction technique using ProTaper Universal Retreatment (PTUR) Files. Materials and Methods: Sixty single-rooted mandibular premolars were selected and the canals were instrumented with ProTaper Universal rotary files up to size #F3. Samples were randomly divided into three experimental groups of 20 teeth each and obturated using three different obturating systems (GROUP I-Lateral compaction technique, GROUP II-GuttaFlow 2, GROUP III-GuttaCore). All the groups underwent cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis following which retrieval of the previous root canal filling was done using the PTUR files. Post retreatment CBCT images were used to assess the amount of remaining obturating material at varying depths (3 mm, 6 mm, and 12 mm) for all three groups. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance and ANOVA. Results: Irrespective of the obturating system used, filling material could not be removed completely from the root canal walls. Significantly more amount of obturating material was observed in the apical third than the middle third and coronal third of the root canal space (P < 0.05). When comparing the groups, the maximum percentage of remaining obturating material was seen in Group III (GuttaCore) followed by Group I (lateral compaction), with the least being observed in Group II (GuttaFlow2). Conclusion: The GuttaCore technique utilizing carrier-based gutta-percha had the maximum amount of remaining obturating material after retreatment when compared to the GuttaFlow2 and Lateral Compaction techniques.","PeriodicalId":11607,"journal":{"name":"Endodontology","volume":"34 1","pages":"96 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49355855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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