Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.5194/agile-giss-4-6-2023
Falko Krügel, Stephan Mäs
Abstract. The planning of health care facilities and the analysis of the medical care situation are complex topics that generally involve geographical and, specifically, settlement topographical, methodological, data-driven aspects. However, formal analyses and planning in the field of healthcare usually only touch on the aspects or do not fully include some of them. As a result, the complex situation is often not accurately. This paper addresses the multidimensional challenges planners and analysts face. Solutions to overcome these hurdles thanks to improved data availability and more advanced technical and methodological possibilities are presented. For this purpose, a Web-Application is proposed that enables planners without GIS knowledge to interact with method components via parameter adjustments. Subsequently, it is examined whether the technical prerequisites for the implementation of a Web-Application for health planning, in particular for outpatient demand planning and analysis, are given and make a proposal for implementation. Finally, the advantages, disadvantages and possible complications of using this Application in health planning and analysis, including critical points of implementation, will be addressed.
{"title":"A Web-Application for Measuring Spatial Accessibility in Health Planning","authors":"Falko Krügel, Stephan Mäs","doi":"10.5194/agile-giss-4-6-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-4-6-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The planning of health care facilities and the analysis of the medical care situation are complex topics that generally involve geographical and, specifically, settlement topographical, methodological, data-driven aspects. However, formal analyses and planning in the field of healthcare usually only touch on the aspects or do not fully include some of them. As a result, the complex situation is often not accurately. This paper addresses the multidimensional challenges planners and analysts face. Solutions to overcome these hurdles thanks to improved data availability and more advanced technical and methodological possibilities are presented. For this purpose, a Web-Application is proposed that enables planners without GIS knowledge to interact with method components via parameter adjustments. Subsequently, it is examined whether the technical prerequisites for the implementation of a Web-Application for health planning, in particular for outpatient demand planning and analysis, are given and make a proposal for implementation. Finally, the advantages, disadvantages and possible complications of using this Application in health planning and analysis, including critical points of implementation, will be addressed.\u0000","PeriodicalId":116168,"journal":{"name":"AGILE: GIScience Series","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123285533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.5194/agile-giss-4-46-2023
N. Tjaden, J. Blanford
Abstract. National disease surveillance systems are among the most important tools for the observation and management of communicable diseases. They help to detect outbreaks and monitor the success of public health responses. The European Union aims to harmonize the European landscape of disease surveillance systems for better interoperability across the member states. However, the progress of these efforts is difficult to assess, as information is available in different formats, written reports or numerous tables for individual diseases. Here we present ENDIG, an interactive geovisualization tool, that makes the existing information easily accessible to end users and researchers in public health and adjoining disciplines. ENDIG allows for convenient exploration about the development of national disease surveillance systems for more than 60 diseases in the EU member states, as well as Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway, over the course of the past 7 years (2015–2021).
{"title":"ENDIG: Interactive Geovisualization of Surveillance Systems for Notifiable Diseases in Europe","authors":"N. Tjaden, J. Blanford","doi":"10.5194/agile-giss-4-46-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-4-46-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. National disease surveillance systems are among the most important tools for the observation and management of communicable diseases. They help to detect outbreaks and monitor the success of public health responses. The European Union aims to harmonize the European landscape of disease surveillance systems for better interoperability across the member states. However, the progress of these efforts is difficult to assess, as information is available in different formats, written reports or numerous tables for individual diseases. Here we present ENDIG, an interactive geovisualization tool, that makes the existing information easily accessible to end users and researchers in public health and adjoining disciplines. ENDIG allows for convenient exploration about the development of national disease surveillance systems for more than 60 diseases in the EU member states, as well as Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway, over the course of the past 7 years (2015–2021).\u0000","PeriodicalId":116168,"journal":{"name":"AGILE: GIScience Series","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121341324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.5194/agile-giss-4-24-2023
Suzan Evers, G. Dane, P. V. D. van den Berg, Alexander K. A. J. Klippel, Timon Verduijn, T. Arentze
Abstract. Participatory design approaches are increasingly used to involve citizens in the decision-making processes to actively address their preferences. Participatory design techniques dealing with urban issues often depend on digitally produced still-images. However, still-images lack immersion and explanation, which can negatively influence non-experts’ understanding of the implications of different design decisions. Use of still-images also reduce active participation of non-experts in the design process of their environments. To address these shortcomings, the Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) application ‘CoHeSIVE’ is developed and tested for designing healthy public spaces. It includes an innovative methodology to incorporate intuitive design decisions based on inflicted adjustments in a simulated environment. The application automatically generates new design scenarios by combining different pre-composed design elements based on people’s selection. This is done to understand and discuss preferences of individuals and groups for new, not yet existing scenarios. Results from a pilot test, concerning the redesign of a plaza, indicated that participants can interpret and design urban forms through the application. Furthermore, participants felt that the interface and features were easy and useful to alter the base scenario into a new design scenario by selecting preferred elements. These results show the capability of the application to initiate a conversation between citizens and designers towards meaningful design outcomes. A set of guidelines for implementing the instrument for urban research is suggested in order to standardize its use and allow the application to be a base for methodological improvements to be further developed regarding multi-user support and as serious game instrument.
{"title":"Designing healthy public spaces: A participatory approach through immersive virtual reality","authors":"Suzan Evers, G. Dane, P. V. D. van den Berg, Alexander K. A. J. Klippel, Timon Verduijn, T. Arentze","doi":"10.5194/agile-giss-4-24-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-4-24-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Participatory design approaches are increasingly used to involve citizens in the decision-making processes to actively address their preferences. Participatory design techniques dealing with urban issues often depend on digitally produced still-images. However, still-images lack immersion and explanation, which can negatively influence non-experts’ understanding of the implications of different design decisions. Use of still-images also reduce active participation of non-experts in the design process of their environments. To address these shortcomings, the Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) application ‘CoHeSIVE’ is developed and tested for designing healthy public spaces. It includes an innovative methodology to incorporate intuitive design decisions based on inflicted adjustments in a simulated environment. The application automatically generates new design scenarios by combining different pre-composed design elements based on people’s selection. This is done to understand and discuss preferences of individuals and groups for new, not yet existing scenarios. Results from a pilot test, concerning the redesign of a plaza, indicated that participants can interpret and design urban forms through the application. Furthermore, participants felt that the interface and features were easy and useful to alter the base scenario into a new design scenario by selecting preferred elements. These results show the capability of the application to initiate a conversation between citizens and designers towards meaningful design outcomes. A set of guidelines for implementing the instrument for urban research is suggested in order to standardize its use and allow the application to be a base for methodological improvements to be further developed regarding multi-user support and as serious game instrument.\u0000","PeriodicalId":116168,"journal":{"name":"AGILE: GIScience Series","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121776738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.5194/agile-giss-4-30-2023
D. Kaziyeva, P. Stutz, G. Wallentin, M. Loidl
Abstract. Mobility data of cyclists and pedestrians are fundamental for design and planning strategies of sustainable smart cities. However, adequate data is commonly scarce, expensive to acquire, or hardly accessible. For overcoming this shortcoming and providing support in planning processes, we propose an agent-based model that simulates bicycle and pedestrian traffic flows at a regional scale over one day. The bottom-up approach allows to set individual behaviour that generates system-level patterns. The uncertainty analysis of model results shows moderate and strong correlations with the observational data in terms of spatial and temporal distribution of traffic volumes. The model produces traffic flows at a high spatial (road segment) and temporal (minute) resolution. The model can be used as a scenario-based solution for simulating traffic in different conditions of a physical environment and travel behaviour.
{"title":"Agent-based simulation model of cyclists and pedestrians at a regional scale","authors":"D. Kaziyeva, P. Stutz, G. Wallentin, M. Loidl","doi":"10.5194/agile-giss-4-30-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-4-30-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Mobility data of cyclists and pedestrians are fundamental for design and planning strategies of sustainable smart cities. However, adequate data is commonly scarce, expensive to acquire, or hardly accessible. For overcoming this shortcoming and providing support in planning processes, we propose an agent-based model that simulates bicycle and pedestrian traffic flows at a regional scale over one day. The bottom-up approach allows to set individual behaviour that generates system-level patterns. The uncertainty analysis of model results shows moderate and strong correlations with the observational data in terms of spatial and temporal distribution of traffic volumes. The model produces traffic flows at a high spatial (road segment) and temporal (minute) resolution. The model can be used as a scenario-based solution for simulating traffic in different conditions of a physical environment and travel behaviour.\u0000","PeriodicalId":116168,"journal":{"name":"AGILE: GIScience Series","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132286489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.5194/agile-giss-4-32-2023
Flavia Lopes, J. Gil, Ioanna Stavroulaki
Abstract. The current division between urban and transport planning is a significant obstacle to achieving sustainable urban development. To transform cities towards sustainability, both fields must adopt shared or at least compatible models of the urban systems, namely transport, street and public space networks for all users and urban activities. Although several models and tools have emerged in recent years to facilitate this integration, there are still usability gaps that hinder their wider adoption. One of the gaps is a lack of flexibility to operate at different stages of integrated planning. To address this gap, the study aims to develop a set of aligned and flexible multimodal urban network models and tools to support different stages of planning. This paper focuses on the public transport geodata models, which were built by aggregating a General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) dataset at various spatial and temporal levels. The aggregation levels range from a baseline data model that is useful for detailed planning stages, up to a topological data model that is suitable for macro scale and strategic planning. By using this unified set of models, the dialogue between the two fields at different integrated planning phases can be facilitated, and decision-making can be enhanced.
{"title":"Simplified geodata models for integrated urban and public transport planning","authors":"Flavia Lopes, J. Gil, Ioanna Stavroulaki","doi":"10.5194/agile-giss-4-32-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-4-32-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The current division between urban and transport planning is a significant obstacle to achieving sustainable urban development. To transform cities towards sustainability, both fields must adopt shared or at least compatible models of the urban systems, namely transport, street and public space networks for all users and urban activities. Although several models and tools have emerged in recent years to facilitate this integration, there are still usability gaps that hinder their wider adoption. One of the gaps is a lack of flexibility to operate at different stages of integrated planning. To address this gap, the study aims to develop a set of aligned and flexible multimodal urban network models and tools to support different stages of planning. This paper focuses on the public transport geodata models, which were built by aggregating a General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) dataset at various spatial and temporal levels. The aggregation levels range from a baseline data model that is useful for detailed planning stages, up to a topological data model that is suitable for macro scale and strategic planning. By using this unified set of models, the dialogue between the two fields at different integrated planning phases can be facilitated, and decision-making can be enhanced.\u0000","PeriodicalId":116168,"journal":{"name":"AGILE: GIScience Series","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115597030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.5194/agile-giss-4-53-2023
Hendrik M. Würz, Kevin Kocon, Barbara Pedretscher, E. Klien, E. Eggeling
Abstract. We present a platform to support the AI development lifecycle with focus on large data like remote sensing.We target developers who are not allowed to use existing commercial cloud platforms for legal reasons or data compliance. The flexible implementation of our platform enables a deployment on classic server infrastructures as well as on internal clouds. Our goals of scalable and resource-efficient execution, independence from specific AI frameworks and programming languages, as well as reproducibility of results are met through a workflow-based calculation combined with the tool Data Version Control. The capabilities of the platform are demonstrated by training an AI-based forest type classification.
{"title":"A Scalable AI Training Platform for Remote Sensing Data","authors":"Hendrik M. Würz, Kevin Kocon, Barbara Pedretscher, E. Klien, E. Eggeling","doi":"10.5194/agile-giss-4-53-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-4-53-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. We present a platform to support the AI development lifecycle with focus on large data like remote sensing.We target developers who are not allowed to use existing commercial cloud platforms for legal reasons or data compliance. The flexible implementation of our platform enables a deployment on classic server infrastructures as well as on internal clouds. Our goals of scalable and resource-efficient execution, independence from specific AI frameworks and programming languages, as well as reproducibility of results are met through a workflow-based calculation combined with the tool Data Version Control. The capabilities of the platform are demonstrated by training an AI-based forest type classification.\u0000","PeriodicalId":116168,"journal":{"name":"AGILE: GIScience Series","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123416362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.5194/agile-giss-4-11-2023
Carolina Pereira Marghidan, M. V. van Aalst, J. Blanford, G. Maúre, Tatiana Marrufo
Abstract. Heatwaves are increasing around the world and cause a range of devastating societal impacts. Effective communication during a heatwave enables the general public to prepare and, if possible, take the necessary actions. In many African countries, the recognition of heatwaves and appropriate action to reduce heat risk remains absent. In this study, extreme heat and heat-related impacts across Mozambique were analyzed across space and time by using text from media sources. Alerts were obtained by performing a broad word search across four popular media outlets (Club of Mozambique, Rádio Moçambique, O País, and Televisão de Moçambique). Between 2016 and 2022, 79 heat alerts and 12 posts on impacts were found. When mapped, a disproportionate number of articles were found for Southern provinces compared to Northern provinces. Communication of heat alerts were consistent across media outlets and included the maximum temperature forecasted and geographic locations affected. A majority of the messages (91%) did not include information on how to respond and the type of actions to take to reduce risk. Our findings provide spatio-temporal insights into extreme heat and impacts, and highlight the urgent need for an improved heatwave early warning system across Mozambique.
摘要世界各地的热浪正在增加，并造成一系列毁灭性的社会影响。在热浪期间有效的沟通使公众能够做好准备，并在可能的情况下采取必要的行动。在许多非洲国家，仍然缺乏对热浪的认识和减少热风险的适当行动。在本研究中，通过使用媒体来源的文本，分析了莫桑比克各地的极端高温和与热相关的影响，跨越了空间和时间。警报是通过在四个流行媒体(莫桑比克俱乐部、Rádio moambique、O País和televis O de moambique)上进行广泛的词搜索获得的。在2016年至2022年期间，发现了79个高温警报和12个关于影响的帖子。当绘制地图时，发现南部省份的物品数量与北部省份相比不成比例。各媒体一致发布高温警报，包括预报的最高温度和受影响的地理位置。大多数信息(91%)不包括如何应对和采取何种行动来降低风险的信息。我们的研究结果提供了对极端高温及其影响的时空洞察，并强调了在莫桑比克建立改进的热浪预警系统的迫切需要。
{"title":"Extreme heat alerts and impacts across Mozambique 2016 – 2022: gathering evidence from media articles","authors":"Carolina Pereira Marghidan, M. V. van Aalst, J. Blanford, G. Maúre, Tatiana Marrufo","doi":"10.5194/agile-giss-4-11-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-4-11-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Heatwaves are increasing around the world and cause a range of devastating societal impacts. Effective communication during a heatwave enables the general public to prepare and, if possible, take the necessary actions. In many African countries, the recognition of heatwaves and appropriate action to reduce heat risk remains absent. In this study, extreme heat and heat-related impacts across Mozambique were analyzed across space and time by using text from media sources. Alerts were obtained by performing a broad word search across four popular media outlets (Club of Mozambique, Rádio Moçambique, O País, and Televisão de Moçambique). Between 2016 and 2022, 79 heat alerts and 12 posts on impacts were found. When mapped, a disproportionate number of articles were found for Southern provinces compared to Northern provinces. Communication of heat alerts were consistent across media outlets and included the maximum temperature forecasted and geographic locations affected. A majority of the messages (91%) did not include information on how to respond and the type of actions to take to reduce risk. Our findings provide spatio-temporal insights into extreme heat and impacts, and highlight the urgent need for an improved heatwave early warning system across Mozambique.\u0000","PeriodicalId":116168,"journal":{"name":"AGILE: GIScience Series","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126305602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.5194/agile-giss-4-7-2023
Paul Mattes, R. Richter, J. Döllner
Abstract. LiDAR scanning technology is an established method for capturing landscapes, buildings, or roads in order to create a so-called spatial digital twin of the reality, stored as a large collection of 3D coordinates called 3D point cloud. This spatial data offers high density and precision at the cost of hard to extract shape or object information. One popular application of LiDAR 3D point clouds is road condition quality exams. This task is challenging due to a lack of dedicated algorithms to extract and evaluate road point cloud features and due to the large variety of road damages. Deep learning approaches are very promising, but require extensive training data. The data and damage characteristics make data labeling a very difficult and tedious task that often results in mislabeled data, even when performed by trained human operators.We propose a semi supervised generative adversarial network (GAN) based approach for labeling 2D images rendered from LiDAR point cloud data captured by mobile mapping vehicles, named Competitive Reconstruction Networks (CRN). Our solution trains multiple networks with the same architecture in an ”all vs all” fashion. Our method achieves reliable and robust results on two road image datasets as well as the MVTecAD dataset, and surpass comparable anomaly detection approaches in anomaly detection performance. We also implemented a data generation pipeline to render training images from 3D point cloud of roads and remap anomaly scores back to those 3D point clouds to use the full potential of the 3D data for further analysis.
摘要激光雷达扫描技术是一种成熟的方法，用于捕捉景观、建筑物或道路，以创建所谓的现实的空间数字孪生，存储为称为3D点云的大量3D坐标集合。这种空间数据以难以提取形状或物体信息为代价，提供了高密度和高精度。激光雷达三维点云的一个流行应用是路况质量检测。由于缺乏提取和评估道路点云特征的专用算法，以及道路损坏的种类繁多，这项任务具有挑战性。深度学习方法非常有前途，但需要大量的训练数据。数据和损坏特征使得数据标记成为一项非常困难和繁琐的任务，即使是由训练有素的操作人员执行，也经常导致错误标记的数据。我们提出了一种基于半监督生成对抗网络(GAN)的方法，用于标记由移动测绘车辆捕获的LiDAR点云数据渲染的2D图像，称为竞争重建网络(CRN)。我们的解决方案以“all vs all”的方式训练具有相同架构的多个网络。该方法在两种道路图像数据集以及MVTecAD数据集上均获得了可靠的鲁棒性结果，并且在异常检测性能上优于同类异常检测方法。我们还实现了一个数据生成管道，从道路的3D点云中渲染训练图像，并将异常分数重新映射回那些3D点云，以充分利用3D数据的潜力进行进一步分析。
{"title":"Detecting Road Damages in Mobile Mapping Point Clouds using Competitive Reconstruction Networks","authors":"Paul Mattes, R. Richter, J. Döllner","doi":"10.5194/agile-giss-4-7-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-4-7-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. LiDAR scanning technology is an established method for capturing landscapes, buildings, or roads in order to create a so-called spatial digital twin of the reality, stored as a large collection of 3D coordinates called 3D point cloud. This spatial data offers high density and precision at the cost of hard to extract shape or object information. One popular application of LiDAR 3D point clouds is road condition quality exams. This task is challenging due to a lack of dedicated algorithms to extract and evaluate road point cloud features and due to the large variety of road damages. Deep learning approaches are very promising, but require extensive training data. The data and damage characteristics make data labeling a very difficult and tedious task that often results in mislabeled data, even when performed by trained human operators.We propose a semi supervised generative adversarial network (GAN) based approach for labeling 2D images rendered from LiDAR point cloud data captured by mobile mapping vehicles, named Competitive Reconstruction Networks (CRN). Our solution trains multiple networks with the same architecture in an ”all vs all” fashion. Our method achieves reliable and robust results on two road image datasets as well as the MVTecAD dataset, and surpass comparable anomaly detection approaches in anomaly detection performance. We also implemented a data generation pipeline to render training images from 3D point cloud of roads and remap anomaly scores back to those 3D point clouds to use the full potential of the 3D data for further analysis.\u0000","PeriodicalId":116168,"journal":{"name":"AGILE: GIScience Series","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132544740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.5194/agile-giss-4-12-2023
Adrian Sarbach, Thierry Weber, K. Henggeler, Luis Lutnyk, M. Raubal
Abstract. Given the challenge of visualising 3D space on a 2D map, maps used for in-flight navigation by pilots should be designed especially carefully. This paper studies, based on existing aeronautical charts, the visualisation, interaction, and interpretation of airspace structures with aviation infrastructure and the base map.We first developed a three-tiered evaluation grid for a cartographic analysis of existing aeronautical charts. Subsequently, we evaluated four countries’ maps based on our evaluation grid. To validate our analysis, we conducted a user study with 27 pilots, the users of aeronautical charts.The results of our cartographic analysis show that aeronautical charts produced by different countries all fulfil the need of pilots being able to orient themselves. According to our evaluation, the Swiss aeronautical chart scored slightly more favourably than the other evaluated charts for effective map-reading. These findings were confirmed in the results of the user study.The major contribution of this work is the evaluation grid for the cartographic analysis. With its different layers, adaptable main- and sub-topics, it can be used to compare and improve the design not only of aeronautical charts, but for a broad spectrum of thematic maps.
{"title":"Evaluating and Comparing Airspace Structure Visualisation and Perception on Digital Aeronautical Charts","authors":"Adrian Sarbach, Thierry Weber, K. Henggeler, Luis Lutnyk, M. Raubal","doi":"10.5194/agile-giss-4-12-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-4-12-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Given the challenge of visualising 3D space on a 2D map, maps used for in-flight navigation by pilots should be designed especially carefully. This paper studies, based on existing aeronautical charts, the visualisation, interaction, and interpretation of airspace structures with aviation infrastructure and the base map.We first developed a three-tiered evaluation grid for a cartographic analysis of existing aeronautical charts. Subsequently, we evaluated four countries’ maps based on our evaluation grid. To validate our analysis, we conducted a user study with 27 pilots, the users of aeronautical charts.The results of our cartographic analysis show that aeronautical charts produced by different countries all fulfil the need of pilots being able to orient themselves. According to our evaluation, the Swiss aeronautical chart scored slightly more favourably than the other evaluated charts for effective map-reading. These findings were confirmed in the results of the user study.The major contribution of this work is the evaluation grid for the cartographic analysis. With its different layers, adaptable main- and sub-topics, it can be used to compare and improve the design not only of aeronautical charts, but for a broad spectrum of thematic maps.\u0000","PeriodicalId":116168,"journal":{"name":"AGILE: GIScience Series","volume":"192 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123654550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.5194/agile-giss-4-22-2023
N. Cui, N. Malleson, Vikki Houlden, A. Comber
Abstract. Urban residents’ daily lives have been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in various aspects such as social, leisure, and physical activities. Fortunately, urban green spaces (UGSs) have become a main outdoor destination, due to the policies encouraging people to visit UGS and keeping them open. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on topics discussed on social media by UGS visitors over space and time. Data was collected from geo-referenced Tweets across London in spring 2019, 2020, and 2021. Structural Topic Modelling (STM) was used to identify UGS topics and describe the dynamics of topic proportions. The inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation method was used to explore spatial distributions of all topics. The study identified seven main types of UGS topics over all study periods, with topics such as Lockdown and exercise and Social and friends showing a decreasing trend in topic proportions, indicating that visitors' outdoor activities were restricted. The study not only identifies the main types of topics in UGS during the COVID-19 pandemic period but also reflects people’s attitudes and perceptions towards restriction measures, which can provide guidance for future urban policies, especially during crises.
{"title":"The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the dynamics of topics in urban green space","authors":"N. Cui, N. Malleson, Vikki Houlden, A. Comber","doi":"10.5194/agile-giss-4-22-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-4-22-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Urban residents’ daily lives have been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in various aspects such as social, leisure, and physical activities. Fortunately, urban green spaces (UGSs) have become a main outdoor destination, due to the policies encouraging people to visit UGS and keeping them open. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on topics discussed on social media by UGS visitors over space and time. Data was collected from geo-referenced Tweets across London in spring 2019, 2020, and 2021. Structural Topic Modelling (STM) was used to identify UGS topics and describe the dynamics of topic proportions. The inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation method was used to explore spatial distributions of all topics. The study identified seven main types of UGS topics over all study periods, with topics such as Lockdown and exercise and Social and friends showing a decreasing trend in topic proportions, indicating that visitors' outdoor activities were restricted. The study not only identifies the main types of topics in UGS during the COVID-19 pandemic period but also reflects people’s attitudes and perceptions towards restriction measures, which can provide guidance for future urban policies, especially during crises.\u0000","PeriodicalId":116168,"journal":{"name":"AGILE: GIScience Series","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122210422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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