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Cover Picture: Engineering in Life Sciences 1'24 封面图片:生命科学工程 1'24
IF 2.7 4区 生物学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202470011
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引用次数: 0
Automized inline monitoring in perfused mammalian cell culture by MIR spectroscopy without calibration model building 利用近红外光谱对灌注哺乳动物细胞培养进行自动在线监测,无需建立校准模型
IF 2.7 4区 生物学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-12-11 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202300237
Hannah Marienberg, Nicole Desch, Vitalii Mozin, Lorenz Sykora-Mirle, Anja Müller, Andreas Roth, Mathias Käfer, Rüdiger Neef

Process Analytical Technologies (PATs) are taking a key role in the run for automatization in the biopharmaceutical industry. Spectroscopic methods such as Raman spectroscopy or mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy are getting more recognition in the recent years for inline monitoring of bioprocesses due to their ability to measure various molecules simultaneously. However, their dependency on laborious model calibration making them a challenge to implement. In this study, a novel one-point calibration that requires a single reference point prior to the inline monitoring of glucose and lactate in bioprocesses with MIR spectroscopy is assessed with 22 mammalian cell perfusion (PER) processes in two different scales and four different products. Concentrations are predicted over all PERs runs with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.29 g/L for glucose and 0.24 g/L for lactate, respectively. For comparison conventional partial least square regression (PLSR) models were used and trained with spectroscopic data from six bioreactor runs in two different scales and three products. The general accuracy of those models (RMSE of 0.41 g/L for glucose and 0.16 g/L for lactate) are in the range of the accuracy of the one-point calibration. This shows the potential of the one-point calibration as an approach making spectroscopy more accessible for bioprocess development.

过程分析技术(PATs)在生物制药行业的自动化进程中发挥着关键作用。近年来,拉曼光谱或中红外光谱等光谱方法由于能够同时测量各种分子而在生物过程的在线监测中得到越来越多的认可。然而,它们对费力的模型校准的依赖使它们成为实现的挑战。在这项研究中,在使用MIR光谱在线监测生物过程中的葡萄糖和乳酸之前,需要一个单一参考点的一种新颖的单点校准,在两种不同的尺度和四种不同的产品中对22种哺乳动物细胞灌注(PER)过程进行了评估。在所有的per运行中,浓度预测的均方根误差(RMSE)分别为葡萄糖0.29 g/L和乳酸0.24 g/L。为了进行比较,使用了传统的偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)模型,并对六个生物反应器在两种不同规模和三种产品上运行的光谱数据进行了训练。这些模型的一般精度(葡萄糖的RMSE为0.41 g/L,乳酸的RMSE为0.16 g/L)在一点校准的精度范围内。这显示了一点校准作为一种使光谱学更容易用于生物过程开发的方法的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Cover Picture: Engineering in Life Sciences 12'23 封面图片:生命科学工程 12'23
IF 2.7 4区 生物学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-12-10 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202370121
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引用次数: 0
Biological recovery of phosphorus (BioP-Rec) from wastewater streams using brewer's yeast on pilot-scale 利用酿酒酵母在中试规模上从废水中进行生物磷回收(BioP-Rec)
IF 2.7 4区 生物学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202300208
Vedran Vučić, Hauke Harms, Susann Müller

Most recent advances for phosphorus (P) recovery using brewery yeast on laboratory scale were used to scale up to a pilot-scale process (BioP-Rec module) and applied in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). A P balance was established for WWTP Markranstädt according to two thresholds: (1) the economic feasibility threshold for P recovery of 0.05 kg/m3 of free P, and (2) the German Sewage Sludge Ordinance (GSSO) threshold, which demands that all WWTPs with a P content in dry matter (DM) of biosolids of 20 gP/kgDM or higher in the coming years must perform mandatory P recovery. In terms of defined thresholds, return and excess sludges were identified as the most feasible WWTP process streams for P recovery. In a 1 m3 BioP-Rec module a 3 stage process was established. From the P-rich water-phase of the return sludge produced in stage 1, which contained 0.051 kg/m3 of free P, 77.56% was taken up by P-depleted brewer's yeast Saccharomyces pastorianus in 3 h in stage 2. In stage 3, the yeast was concentrated in 1 h to produce yeast sludge as a fertilizer product. We demonstrated a novel pilot-scale process for the production of bio-based P-rich fertilizer.

利用酿酒酵母在实验室规模上进行磷(P)回收的最新进展被用于扩大到中试规模的工艺(BioP-Rec 模块),并应用于大规模污水处理厂(WWTP)。根据两个阈值为 Markranstädt 污水处理厂建立了 P 平衡:(1) P 回收的经济可行性阈值为 0.05 kg/m3 游离 P,(2) 德国污水污泥条例 (GSSO) 阈值,该条例要求在未来几年内,所有生物固体干物质 (DM) 中 P 含量达到或超过 20 gP/kgDM 的污水处理厂都必须进行强制性 P 回收。根据规定的阈值,回流污泥和过量污泥被认为是最可行的回收 P 的污水处理厂工艺流。在一个 1 立方米的 BioP-Rec 模块中,建立了一个三阶段工艺。第 1 阶段产生的回流污泥中富含 P 的水相(游离 P 含量为 0.051 kg/m3),在第 2 阶段的 3 小时内,77.56% 的 P 被贫 P 啤酒酵母吸收。在第 3 阶段,酵母在 1 小时内浓缩,产生酵母污泥作为肥料产品。我们展示了一种生产富含 P 的生物基肥料的新型中试规模工艺。
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引用次数: 0
Developing a surface acoustic wave-induced microfluidic cell lysis device for point-of-care DNA amplification 研制一种用于即时DNA扩增的表面声波诱导微流体细胞裂解装置
IF 2.7 4区 生物学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202300230
Abbas Ali Husseini, Ali Mohammad Yazdani, Fatemeh Ghadiri, Alper Şişman

We developed a microchip device using surface acoustic waves (SAW) and sharp-edge glass microparticles to rapidly lyse low-level cell samples. This microchip features a 13-finger pair interdigital transducer (IDT) with a 30-degree focused angle, creating high-intensity acoustic beams converging 6 mm away at a 16 MHz frequency. Cell lysis is achieved through centrifugal forces acting on Candida albicans cells and glass particles within the focal area. To optimize this SAW-induced streaming, we conducted 42 pilot experiments, varying electrical power, droplet volume, glass particle size, concentration, and lysis time, resulting in optimal conditions: an electrical signal of 2.5 W, a 20 μL sample volume, glass particle size below 10 μm, concentration of 0.2 μg, and a 5-min lysis period. We successfully amplified DNA target fragments directly from the lysate, demonstrating an efficient microchip-based cell lysis method. When combined with an isothermal amplification technique, this technology holds promise for rapid point-of-care (POC) applications.

我们开发了一种微芯片装置,使用表面声波(SAW)和锐边玻璃微粒来快速分解低水平的细胞样品。该微芯片具有13指对数字转换器(IDT),具有30度聚焦角,可在16mhz频率下产生高强度声波束,会聚6mm远。细胞裂解是通过离心力作用于白色念珠菌细胞和焦点区域内的玻璃颗粒来实现的。为了优化这种saw诱导的流,我们进行了42次中试实验,改变了电功率、液滴体积、玻璃粒径、浓度和裂解时间,得到了最佳条件:电信号2.5 W,样品体积20 μL,玻璃粒径小于10 μm,浓度0.2 μg,裂解时间5 min。我们成功地从裂解物中直接扩增了DNA目标片段,证明了一种有效的基于微芯片的细胞裂解方法。当与等温扩增技术相结合时,该技术有望实现快速点护理(POC)应用。
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引用次数: 0
Cultivated meat manufacturing: Technology, trends, and challenges 人造肉制造:技术、趋势和挑战
IF 2.7 4区 生物学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202300227
Marline Kirsch, Jordi Morales-Dalmau, Antonina Lavrentieva

The growing world population, public awareness of animal welfare, environmental impacts and changes in meat consumption leads to the search for novel approaches to food production. Novel foods include products with a new or specifically modified molecular structure, foods made from microorganisms, fungi, algae or insects, as well as from animal cell or tissue cultures. The latter approach is known by various names: “clean meat”, “in vitro meat” and “cell-cultured” or “(cell-)cultivated meat”. Here, cells isolated from agronomically important species are expanded ex vivo to produce cell biomass used in unstructured meat or to grow and differentiate cells on scaffolds to produce structured meat analogues. Despite the fast-growing field and high financial interest from investors and governments, cultivated meat production still faces challenges ranging from cell source choice, affordable expansion, use of cruelty-free and food-grade media, regulatory issues and consumer acceptance. This overview discusses the above challenges and possible solutions and strategies in the production of cultivated meat. The review integrates multifaceted historical, social, and technological insights of the field, and provides both an engaging comprehensive introduction for general interested and a robust perspective for experts.

不断增长的世界人口,公众对动物福利的认识,对环境的影响和肉类消费的变化导致寻找新的食品生产方法。新型食品包括具有新的或特殊修饰的分子结构的产品,由微生物、真菌、藻类或昆虫以及动物细胞或组织培养物制成的食品。后一种方法有各种各样的名称:“清洁肉”、“体外肉”和“细胞培养肉”或“(细胞)培养肉”。在这里,从农艺学上重要的物种中分离出来的细胞在体外扩增,以产生用于非结构化肉类的细胞生物量,或者在支架上生长和分化细胞,以生产结构化肉类类似物。尽管该领域发展迅速,投资者和政府也有很高的经济兴趣,但人造肉生产仍然面临着各种挑战,包括细胞来源的选择、负担得起的扩张、使用无残忍和食品级媒体、监管问题和消费者接受程度。本综述讨论了上述挑战以及在养殖肉类生产中可能的解决方案和策略。该评论整合了该领域多方面的历史,社会和技术见解,并为一般兴趣提供了引人入胜的全面介绍,并为专家提供了强有力的观点。
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引用次数: 0
Microbiome dynamics and products profiles of biowaste fermentation under different organic loads and additives 不同有机负荷和添加剂条件下生物垃圾发酵的微生物组动态和产物概况
IF 2.7 4区 生物学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202300216
Xinyu Zhu, Ping Li, Feng Ju

Biowaste fermentation is a promising technology for low-carbon print bioenergy and biochemical production. Although it is believed that the microbiome determines both the fermentation efficiency and the product profiles of biowastes, the explicit mechanisms of how microbial activity controls fermentation processes remained to be unexplored. The current study investigated the microbiome dynamics and fermentation product profiles of biowaste fermentation under different organic loads (5, 20, and 40 g-VS/L) and with additives that potentially modulate the fermentation process via methanogenesis inhibition (2-bromoethanesulfonate) or electron transfer promotion (i.e., reduced iron, magnetite iron, and activated carbon). The overall fermentation products yields were 440, 373 and 208 CH4-eq/g-VS for low-, medium- and high-load fermentation. For low- and medium-load fermentation, volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were first accumulated and were gradually converted to methane. For high-load fermentation, VFAs were the main fermentation products during the entire fermentation period, accounting for 62% of all products. 16S rRNA-based analyses showed that both 2-bromoethanesulfonate addition and increase of organic loads inhibited the activity of methanogens and promoted the activity of distinct VFA-producing bacterial microbiomes. Moreover, the addition of activated carbon promoted the activity of H2-producing Bacteroides, homoacetogenic Eubacteriaceae and methanogenic Methanosarcinaceae, whose activity dynamics during the fermentation led to changes in acetate and methane production. The current results unveiled mechanisms of microbiome activity dynamics shaping the biowaste fermentation product profiles and provided the fundamental basis for the development of microbiome-guided engineering approaches to modulate biowaste fermentation toward high-value product recovery.

生物废料发酵是一种前景广阔的低碳印刷生物能源和生化生产技术。尽管人们认为微生物组决定了生物垃圾的发酵效率和产品特征,但微生物活动如何控制发酵过程的明确机制仍有待探索。本研究调查了不同有机负荷(5、20 和 40 g-VS/L)下生物垃圾发酵的微生物群动态和发酵产物特征,并加入了可能通过抑制甲烷生成(2-溴乙基磺酸盐)或促进电子传递(即还原铁、磁铁矿和活性炭)来调节发酵过程的添加剂。低、中、高负荷发酵的总体发酵产物产量分别为 440、373 和 208 CH4-eq/g-VS。在低和中负荷发酵中,挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs)首先积累,然后逐渐转化为甲烷。在高负荷发酵中,挥发性脂肪酸是整个发酵期的主要发酵产物,占所有产物的 62%。基于 16S rRNA 的分析表明,添加 2-溴乙基磺酸盐和增加有机负荷都会抑制甲烷菌的活性,而促进不同的产生 VFA 的细菌微生物群的活性。此外,活性炭的添加促进了产 H2 的乳酸菌、产同乙酸的优杆菌科和产甲烷的甲烷菌科的活性,它们在发酵过程中的活性动态导致了醋酸盐和甲烷产量的变化。目前的研究结果揭示了影响生物垃圾发酵产物特征的微生物组活性动态机制,为开发微生物组引导的工程方法提供了基本依据,以调节生物垃圾发酵,实现高价值产品回收。
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引用次数: 0
Flavonoids, gut microbiota, and host lipid metabolism 类黄酮、肠道微生物群和宿主脂质代谢
IF 2.7 4区 生物学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202300065
Miao Zhou, Jie Ma, Meng Kang, Wenjie Tang, Siting Xia, Jie Yin, Yulong Yin

Flavonoids are widely distributed in nature and have a variety of beneficial biological effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity effects. All of these are related to gut microbiota, and flavonoids also serve as a bridge between the host and gut microbiota. Flavonoids are commonly used to modify the composition of the gut microbiota by promoting or inhibiting specific microbial species within the gut, as well as modifying their metabolites. In turn, the gut microbiota extensively metabolizes flavonoids. Hence, this reciprocal relationship between flavonoids and the gut microbiota may play a crucial role in maintaining the balance and functionality of the metabolism system. In this review, we mainly highlighted the biological effects of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiobesity, and discussed the interaction between flavonoids, gut microbiota and lipid metabolism, and elaborated the potential mechanisms on host lipid metabolism.

类黄酮广泛分布于自然界,具有多种有益的生物效应,包括抗氧化、抗炎和抗肥胖作用。所有这些都与肠道微生物群有关,类黄酮也是宿主与肠道微生物群之间的桥梁。类黄酮通常通过促进或抑制肠道内的特定微生物物种以及改变其代谢物来改变肠道微生物群的组成。反过来,肠道微生物群也会广泛代谢类黄酮。因此,类黄酮与肠道微生物群之间的这种互惠关系可能在维持代谢系统的平衡和功能方面发挥着至关重要的作用。在这篇综述中,我们主要强调了黄酮类化合物的抗氧化、抗炎和抗肥胖等生物效应,并讨论了黄酮类化合物、肠道微生物群和脂质代谢之间的相互作用,阐述了其对宿主脂质代谢的潜在机制。
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引用次数: 0
Cover Picture: Engineering in Life Sciences 11'23 封面图片:Engineering in Life Sciences 11'23
IF 2.7 4区 生物学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202370111
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引用次数: 0
Endospore production of Bacillus spp. for industrial use 工业用芽孢杆菌的孢子内生产
IF 2.7 4区 生物学 Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202300013
Riekje Biermann, Sascha Beutel

The increased occurrence of antibiotic resistance and the harmful use of pesticides are a major problem of modern times. A ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal breeding has put a focus on the probiotics market. Probiotic food supplements are versatile and show promising results in animal and human nutrition. Chemical pesticides can be substituted by biopesticides, which are very effective against various pests in plants due to increased research. What these fields have in common is the use of spore-forming bacteria. The endospore-forming Bacillus spp. belonging to this group offer an effective solution to the aforementioned problems. Therefore, the biotechnological production of sufficient qualities of such endospores has become an innovative and financially viable field of research. In this review, the production of different Bacillus spp. endospores will be reviewed. For this purpose, the media compositions, cultivation conditions and bioprocess optimization methods of the last 20 years are presented and reflected.

抗生素耐药性的增加和农药的有害使用是现代的一个主要问题。禁止在动物养殖中使用抗生素作为生长促进剂,这使得益生菌市场受到关注。益生菌食品补充剂是多功能的,在动物和人类营养方面显示出有希望的结果。生物农药可以取代化学农药,由于研究的增加,生物农药对植物中的各种害虫非常有效。这些领域的共同点是使用孢子形成细菌。芽孢杆菌属的内孢子形成芽孢杆菌为解决上述问题提供了有效的方法。因此,生物技术生产足够质量的内生孢子已经成为一个创新和经济上可行的研究领域。本文将对不同芽孢杆菌内生孢子的生产进行综述。为此,对近20年来的培养基组成、培养条件和生物工艺优化方法进行了介绍和反思。
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引用次数: 0
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