Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.31178
N. M. Obaid, Hakim S. Sultan, A. Abed, M. Jweeg, O. Abdullah
It can be considered that electric generating power from solar energy is an essential topic in the energy field. Several environmental factors affect the energy production of solar cells. Dust accumulation is one of the main factors which significantly negatively influences output energy. However, this topic is not investigated extensively, despite its significant impact, especially in arid areas such as Iraq. In this research paper, both theoretical and experimental techniques were applied to investigate the effect of accumulated dust particles on the efficiency of photovoltaic PV systems. An on-grid photovoltaic system was selected to achieve the experimental work. The results proved the negative effect of dust particles on the performance of the solar cell. Based on the obtained results, a new relationship was introduced between efficiency degradation and the amount of dust that accumulated on the surfaces of cells. This correlation is considered a necessity to find the characteristics of PV solar systems to improve their performance and efficiency. The new correlation introduced in this paper can be considered a promising prediction tool to estimate the characteristics of photovoltaic solar cells under different actual environment working conditions. The output power of the cleaned array system increased by 5–26% compared with the untreated system over the test period. Furthermore, the performance ratio (PR) was enhanced within the cleaned array system by 3 to 6 compared with the uncleaned array. A significant formula introduced the connection between the actual output power of the PV systems and the environmental condition (dust accumulation), where it can be considered as feedback to keep the performance in a steady status, which means obtaining the highest output power.
{"title":"A New Correlation for Solar Radiation Incidence Angle and Dust Accumulation of Photovoltaic PV Systems","authors":"N. M. Obaid, Hakim S. Sultan, A. Abed, M. Jweeg, O. Abdullah","doi":"10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.31178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.31178","url":null,"abstract":"It can be considered that electric generating power from solar energy is an essential topic in the energy field. Several environmental factors affect the energy production of solar cells. Dust accumulation is one of the main factors which significantly negatively influences output energy. However, this topic is not investigated extensively, despite its significant impact, especially in arid areas such as Iraq. In this research paper, both theoretical and experimental techniques were applied to investigate the effect of accumulated dust particles on the efficiency of photovoltaic PV systems. An on-grid photovoltaic system was selected to achieve the experimental work. The results proved the negative effect of dust particles on the performance of the solar cell. Based on the obtained results, a new relationship was introduced between efficiency degradation and the amount of dust that accumulated on the surfaces of cells. This correlation is considered a necessity to find the characteristics of PV solar systems to improve their performance and efficiency. The new correlation introduced in this paper can be considered a promising prediction tool to estimate the characteristics of photovoltaic solar cells under different actual environment working conditions. The output power of the cleaned array system increased by 5–26% compared with the untreated system over the test period. Furthermore, the performance ratio (PR) was enhanced within the cleaned array system by 3 to 6 compared with the uncleaned array. A significant formula introduced the connection between the actual output power of the PV systems and the environmental condition (dust accumulation), where it can be considered as feedback to keep the performance in a steady status, which means obtaining the highest output power.","PeriodicalId":11703,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research, Engineering and Management","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74894535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.30824
Luigi Bravo-Toledo, Carmen Barreto-Pio, Jorge López Herrera, Carlos Milla-Figueroa, Alex Pilco Nuñez, Paul Virú-Vásquez
This research reports a bibliometric analysis using the bibliometrix package with information from the SCOPUS database. A descriptive analysis was performed to provide an overview of the countries, institutions, authors, journals and keywords of 80 manuscripts published between 1997 and 2022 in the field of study of emergy and its application in wastewater treatment. The results showed 2 sources with the highest h and g impact index (Ecological Engineering and Journal of Cleaner Production) with a significant growth since 2009. The most cited keywords were "emergy" and "wastewater", and the countries with the most important scientific networks were China, Japan, Saudi Arabia, USA, Brazil, Colombia and Italy. In addition, it shows that collaborative groups among the authors from China and USA are the ones that consolidate the main research network, as well as the largest scientific production with the most cited articles in the field of study of emergy in wastewater treatment. Therefore, the application of the emergy method in wastewater treatment requires extensive research in different types of treatments. This type of analysis would allow the development of a new approach in the application of wastewater treatment in terms of sustainability and the introduction of Latin American countries in this emerging field.
{"title":"Global Research Trends in Emergy and Wastewater Treatment: A Bibliometric Analysis","authors":"Luigi Bravo-Toledo, Carmen Barreto-Pio, Jorge López Herrera, Carlos Milla-Figueroa, Alex Pilco Nuñez, Paul Virú-Vásquez","doi":"10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.30824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.30824","url":null,"abstract":"This research reports a bibliometric analysis using the bibliometrix package with information from the SCOPUS database. A descriptive analysis was performed to provide an overview of the countries, institutions, authors, journals and keywords of 80 manuscripts published between 1997 and 2022 in the field of study of emergy and its application in wastewater treatment. The results showed 2 sources with the highest h and g impact index (Ecological Engineering and Journal of Cleaner Production) with a significant growth since 2009. The most cited keywords were \"emergy\" and \"wastewater\", and the countries with the most important scientific networks were China, Japan, Saudi Arabia, USA, Brazil, Colombia and Italy. In addition, it shows that collaborative groups among the authors from China and USA are the ones that consolidate the main research network, as well as the largest scientific production with the most cited articles in the field of study of emergy in wastewater treatment. Therefore, the application of the emergy method in wastewater treatment requires extensive research in different types of treatments. This type of analysis would allow the development of a new approach in the application of wastewater treatment in terms of sustainability and the introduction of Latin American countries in this emerging field.","PeriodicalId":11703,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research, Engineering and Management","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72373025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.32707
Maha A. Faroon, D. Yaseen, Zainb A. A. Al Saad
Monitoring the pollution degree of water treatment plants (WTPs) or any water sources requires routine and continuous water quality measurements, which is considered a challenging task. For this reason, applying a statistical tool to deal with a single value instead of a huge number of water quality values is very useful for a decision maker in this field. This work aimed to evaluate the characteristics of the purified water that is supplied from the most important water purification stations in Basra governorate for drinking use. Additionally, the study aimed at using the water quality index (WQI) for examination of the water quality, and obtaining a new equation of the WQI for water treatment plants based on the weighted arithmetic index. In this consent, 96 treated water samples were collected, regularly, from eight water purification plants in Basra city over a period of 12 months in 2021, for measuring the main physicochemical properties. Results showed that the studied units supplied treated water with the WQI varying between 50 and 72, and only the water supplied from Al-Asmaee unit could be classified as good water for drinking. The new developed formula of the WQI was valuable and applicable to examine the water quality of any water treatment unit in Basra city. It is recommended to use ridge linear regression (RLR) as the best statistic approach. The coefficient of R2 founded by RLR method was 96.1369. This method is helpful to be applied for a decision maker for monitoring different resources of water in case of the availability of enough data.
{"title":"A New Modeled Equation of the Water Quality Index for Examination of the Water Quality of Treatment Plants in Basra City (Iraq)","authors":"Maha A. Faroon, D. Yaseen, Zainb A. A. Al Saad","doi":"10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.32707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.32707","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring the pollution degree of water treatment plants (WTPs) or any water sources requires routine and continuous water quality measurements, which is considered a challenging task. For this reason, applying a statistical tool to deal with a single value instead of a huge number of water quality values is very useful for a decision maker in this field. This work aimed to evaluate the characteristics of the purified water that is supplied from the most important water purification stations in Basra governorate for drinking use. Additionally, the study aimed at using the water quality index (WQI) for examination of the water quality, and obtaining a new equation of the WQI for water treatment plants based on the weighted arithmetic index. In this consent, 96 treated water samples were collected, regularly, from eight water purification plants in Basra city over a period of 12 months in 2021, for measuring the main physicochemical properties. Results showed that the studied units supplied treated water with the WQI varying between 50 and 72, and only the water supplied from Al-Asmaee unit could be classified as good water for drinking. The new developed formula of the WQI was valuable and applicable to examine the water quality of any water treatment unit in Basra city. It is recommended to use ridge linear regression (RLR) as the best statistic approach. The coefficient of R2 founded by RLR method was 96.1369. This method is helpful to be applied for a decision maker for monitoring different resources of water in case of the availability of enough data.","PeriodicalId":11703,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research, Engineering and Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85966952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.32431
A. Al Ghamdi
This paper focuses on the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) from petroleum/petrochemical refineries which are predominantly in the form of CO2. A refinery located in the Gulf is selected and methodologies to reduce and capture CO2 are presented. The refinery emits approximately 775 tonnes/year CO2. A sound energy policy, robust process control, careful operation of motor driven equipment and process heaters could lead to appreciable reduction of these emissions. After reduction, the capture of remaining CO2 emissions with PZ (piperazine) and sulfolane-based smine solvents is simulated and optimized to get minimum re-boiler duty in the stripper. The process simulator ASPEN software is used for simulations. The optimization results indicate that PZ-based amine solvent performs better than sulfolane-based amine when H2S in the flue gas is in small amounts. The re-boiler duty seems to depend upon the temperature of the stripper feed. It is proposed that heat exchanger design be improved that exchanges heat between lean and rich amines.
{"title":"Reduction and Capture of Green House Gas Emissions from an Oil Refinery with Amine/Piperazine- and Amine/Sulfolane-Based Solvents","authors":"A. Al Ghamdi","doi":"10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.32431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.32431","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) from petroleum/petrochemical refineries which are predominantly in the form of CO2. A refinery located in the Gulf is selected and methodologies to reduce and capture CO2 are presented. The refinery emits approximately 775 tonnes/year CO2. A sound energy policy, robust process control, careful operation of motor driven equipment and process heaters could lead to appreciable reduction of these emissions. After reduction, the capture of remaining CO2 emissions with PZ (piperazine) and sulfolane-based smine solvents is simulated and optimized to get minimum re-boiler duty in the stripper. The process simulator ASPEN software is used for simulations. The optimization results indicate that PZ-based amine solvent performs better than sulfolane-based amine when H2S in the flue gas is in small amounts. The re-boiler duty seems to depend upon the temperature of the stripper feed. It is proposed that heat exchanger design be improved that exchanges heat between lean and rich amines.","PeriodicalId":11703,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research, Engineering and Management","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82516177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.32482
Muhammad Hafiizh Imaaduddiin, W. Utama, Chakimoelmal Jasikur, W. Lestari, Anissa Nur Aini
The ever-increasing use of fossil fuels causes the climate to become unbalanced due to the resulting pollution. Renewable energy is gaining widespread adoption because it is more cost-effective and eco-friendly. Using water as micro-hydro power plants or PLTMH can be a viable alternative to non-renewable fuel sources. Indonesia is one of the countries with the greatest application potential for micro-hydro power plants or PLTMH, particularly in Batang Regency, Central Java Province. This study focused on reducing the use of fossil fuels as a source of electricity in Batang Regency by utilizing water resources. Environmental approaches and hydrological analysis were employed in this study to achieve precise and optimal PLTMH planning outcomes. The results of the analysis indicated that the total discharge required to operate the PLTMH turbine is 2.22 m3/s with an 80% mainstay discharge, while the design flood discharge is 113,679 m3/s (Q100year). Implementing micro-hydro power plants or PLTMH in Batang Regency could be the first step in Indonesia’s transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources.
{"title":"Potential for Renewable Energy Generation from Water Sources in the Batang River Area","authors":"Muhammad Hafiizh Imaaduddiin, W. Utama, Chakimoelmal Jasikur, W. Lestari, Anissa Nur Aini","doi":"10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.32482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.32482","url":null,"abstract":"The ever-increasing use of fossil fuels causes the climate to become unbalanced due to the resulting pollution. Renewable energy is gaining widespread adoption because it is more cost-effective and eco-friendly. Using water as micro-hydro power plants or PLTMH can be a viable alternative to non-renewable fuel sources. Indonesia is one of the countries with the greatest application potential for micro-hydro power plants or PLTMH, particularly in Batang Regency, Central Java Province. This study focused on reducing the use of fossil fuels as a source of electricity in Batang Regency by utilizing water resources. Environmental approaches and hydrological analysis were employed in this study to achieve precise and optimal PLTMH planning outcomes. The results of the analysis indicated that the total discharge required to operate the PLTMH turbine is 2.22 m3/s with an 80% mainstay discharge, while the design flood discharge is 113,679 m3/s (Q100year). Implementing micro-hydro power plants or PLTMH in Batang Regency could be the first step in Indonesia’s transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources.","PeriodicalId":11703,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research, Engineering and Management","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82118141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.32424
T. Sunaryo, M. N. Radyati, M. Utha, A. Minarti, A. Rinanti
The continuous growth of energy consumption leads to the increase of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS), which consists of carbon capture and storage (CCS) as well as carbon capture and utilization (CCU), is a technology that aims to capture CO2. Therefore, this study evaluates and provides an overview of CCUS in the period 2012–2022, by using a bibliometric analysis to obtain a complete perspective and reference on CCUS. The data search was carried out on January 20, 2022, by inputting the keyword “carbon capture utilization storage” into the Scopus database, and 296 documents were generated. Other software used included Open Refine, VOS viewer and Tableau to describe publication and citation trends, co-authorship, and co-occurrence. CCUS research trend increased by 2,766.6% from 2012 to 2022. The most productive country in investigating CCUS was China, and Zhang X. was the most prolific writer. The organization that published the highest number of research on the topic was the National Taiwan University. The publications and citations were dominated by the International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control that was published by Elsevier Ltd., which also issues a number of significant publications and receives the highest number of citations.
能源消费的持续增长导致温室气体(GHG)排放的增加，特别是二氧化碳(CO2)。碳捕集利用与封存(CCUS)是一项旨在捕获二氧化碳的技术，由碳捕集与封存(CCS)和碳捕集与利用(CCU)两部分组成。因此，本研究通过文献计量学分析对2012-2022年CCUS进行评估和概述，以获得一个完整的CCUS视角和参考。数据检索于2022年1月20日进行，在Scopus数据库中输入关键词“carbon capture utilization storage”，共检索到296篇文献。其他使用的软件包括Open Refine、VOS viewer和Tableau，用于描述出版和引用趋势、合著和共现。CCUS研究趋势从2012年到2022年增长了2766.6%。调查CCUS最多产的国家是中国，而张旭是最多产的作家。发表这方面研究最多的机构是国立台湾大学。发表论文和被引用的主要是Elsevier Ltd.出版的《国际温室气体控制杂志》(International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control)，该杂志也发表了许多重要的论文，被引用的次数最多。
{"title":"Research Development on Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage as a Climate Change Mitigation Technology","authors":"T. Sunaryo, M. N. Radyati, M. Utha, A. Minarti, A. Rinanti","doi":"10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.32424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.32424","url":null,"abstract":"The continuous growth of energy consumption leads to the increase of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS), which consists of carbon capture and storage (CCS) as well as carbon capture and utilization (CCU), is a technology that aims to capture CO2. Therefore, this study evaluates and provides an overview of CCUS in the period 2012–2022, by using a bibliometric analysis to obtain a complete perspective and reference on CCUS. The data search was carried out on January 20, 2022, by inputting the keyword “carbon capture utilization storage” into the Scopus database, and 296 documents were generated. Other software used included Open Refine, VOS viewer and Tableau to describe publication and citation trends, co-authorship, and co-occurrence. CCUS research trend increased by 2,766.6% from 2012 to 2022. The most productive country in investigating CCUS was China, and Zhang X. was the most prolific writer. The organization that published the highest number of research on the topic was the National Taiwan University. The publications and citations were dominated by the International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control that was published by Elsevier Ltd., which also issues a number of significant publications and receives the highest number of citations. ","PeriodicalId":11703,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research, Engineering and Management","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76071620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.32694
Atakan Selamoglu, Hatice Camgöz Akdağ
The recent years have been unique and challenging due to the global pandemic changing the way of living, the priorities and the approach taken to tackle several issues. 21st century has already been an age in which global health issues regarding the workforce were intensively discussed, among which burnout can be considered as one of the most severe issues. The COVID-19 pandemic obviously exerted a magnifying impact. Sustainability is nowadays considered in all aspects of business and economics; and it is not possible to address sustainability without taking human factor into account. Employee well-being is the core of any relevant step taken in the way of sustainability. On the other hand, projects and project management roughly correspond to the 20 % of global economic activities, rising to 30% in emerging economies. The paper addresses the topics briefly introduced above, discussing burnout in the context of project management through an extensive literature review, with the purpose of introducing a new and focused definition for project burnout by utilizing existing approaches of sustainability, burnout, the job demands resources model and project complexity. A novel, clear definition for project burnout is an important steppingstone for addressing project performance and for eventually contributing to a sustainable project management approach. As such, useful and applicable practical solutions for sustainability in the project driven businesses are then suggested. Several future research directions are also discussed in the study.
{"title":"“Project Burnout”: Proposing a New Definition for Burnout in the Project Management Context with the Purpose of Supporting Sustainable Project Economies","authors":"Atakan Selamoglu, Hatice Camgöz Akdağ","doi":"10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.32694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.79.1.32694","url":null,"abstract":"The recent years have been unique and challenging due to the global pandemic changing the way of living, the priorities and the approach taken to tackle several issues. 21st century has already been an age in which global health issues regarding the workforce were intensively discussed, among which burnout can be considered as one of the most severe issues. The COVID-19 pandemic obviously exerted a magnifying impact. Sustainability is nowadays considered in all aspects of business and economics; and it is not possible to address sustainability without taking human factor into account. Employee well-being is the core of any relevant step taken in the way of sustainability. On the other hand, projects and project management roughly correspond to the 20 % of global economic activities, rising to 30% in emerging economies. The paper addresses the topics briefly introduced above, discussing burnout in the context of project management through an extensive literature review, with the purpose of introducing a new and focused definition for project burnout by utilizing existing approaches of sustainability, burnout, the job demands resources model and project complexity. A novel, clear definition for project burnout is an important steppingstone for addressing project performance and for eventually contributing to a sustainable project management approach. As such, useful and applicable practical solutions for sustainability in the project driven businesses are then suggested. Several future research directions are also discussed in the study.","PeriodicalId":11703,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research, Engineering and Management","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90831263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.5755/j01.erem.78.4.31174
G. Efthimiou, A. Papadopoulos, Manthos Trichias, Eleni Andrianopoulou
The aim of this research is the ecological evaluation of the trees of a riparian peri-urban park, with measurement, inventory and processing of qualitative and quantitative variables of trees (Dendometry) in the riparian forest of the river Karpenissiotis in Central Greece. Each tree is recorded in relation to its species (structural elements) including the diameter at breast height (DBH), the height (H), the ruggedness coefficient (H/D), the height of the crown (Hk), the length of the crown (Lk), the diameter of the crown (Dk), the order of the crown, the order of vitality, the tendency of evolution, the position of the trunk, the shape of the crown, the problems in the space of the roots, the crown, pruning, insect infestations, fungi, and runoff. From the statistical analysis and processing of the measurements, assessment was made of the condition of their health and stability; and necessary measures are proposed in order to significantly improve the ecological conditions of a riparian forest. Thus, the main problems presented by the forest species of trees concerned mainly the sloping, crooked and serpentine trunks, asymmetrical crown shape, insect and fungal infestations. The riparian peri-urban plane forest studied is dominated by trees, which are classified as remaining, normally growing with long asymmetrical crowns with a moderate health status and moderate stability. For the sustainable management and sustainable development of the riparian forest, measures are proposed which are necessary for the forest protection of the trees including their health and safe growth.
{"title":"Ecological Evaluation and Sustainable Management of the Riparian Forest in Central Greece","authors":"G. Efthimiou, A. Papadopoulos, Manthos Trichias, Eleni Andrianopoulou","doi":"10.5755/j01.erem.78.4.31174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.78.4.31174","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research is the ecological evaluation of the trees of a riparian peri-urban park, with measurement, inventory and processing of qualitative and quantitative variables of trees (Dendometry) in the riparian forest of the river Karpenissiotis in Central Greece. Each tree is recorded in relation to its species (structural elements) including the diameter at breast height (DBH), the height (H), the ruggedness coefficient (H/D), the height of the crown (Hk), the length of the crown (Lk), the diameter of the crown (Dk), the order of the crown, the order of vitality, the tendency of evolution, the position of the trunk, the shape of the crown, the problems in the space of the roots, the crown, pruning, insect infestations, fungi, and runoff. From the statistical analysis and processing of the measurements, assessment was made of the condition of their health and stability; and necessary measures are proposed in order to significantly improve the ecological conditions of a riparian forest. Thus, the main problems presented by the forest species of trees concerned mainly the sloping, crooked and serpentine trunks, asymmetrical crown shape, insect and fungal infestations. The riparian peri-urban plane forest studied is dominated by trees, which are classified as remaining, normally growing with long asymmetrical crowns with a moderate health status and moderate stability. For the sustainable management and sustainable development of the riparian forest, measures are proposed which are necessary for the forest protection of the trees including their health and safe growth.","PeriodicalId":11703,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research, Engineering and Management","volume":"52 21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75233798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.5755/j01.erem.78.4.31712
Carlos Banchón, Pavlova Sigcha, P. Gavilanes, A. Cordova
Improper solid waste management worldwide has increased the negative impacts of landfills due to the production of methane, carbon dioxide, and leachate wastewater. In the present work, granular activated carbon (GAC), zeolite (Ze), and hydrogen peroxide were used for the purification of landfill leachate. Emphasis was given to decreasing operational costs for a big-scale advanced oxidation process. Thus, the aim was to evaluate the effect of oxidant and catalysts dosages, and different highly basic pHs. Up to 95% of dark brown colour and 100% of turbidity from landfill wastewater were removed. Based on the experimental findings, it is suggested that an application of activated carbon and hydrogen peroxide in a dosage ratio between 1.7 and 2.0 would be economically attractive in terms of reduced operation costs.
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Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.5755/j01.erem.78.4.31912
S. Rojas-Flores, M. De La Cruz –Noriega, Santiago M. Benites, D. Delfín-Narciso, L. Angelats-Silva, Felix Díaz, L. Cabanillas-Chirinos
A large amount of fruit waste is being a great environmental and social problem due to a lack of adequate storage. Among the most abundant waste is papaya, due to its high consumption in various varieties. These wastes can generate bioelectricity through organic waste, being an important parameter the pH. In this research, low-cost laboratory-scale microbial fuel cells were fabricated, using papaya waste as fuel at different pH (4, 5.73, 7, and 9) to obtain the optimum operating pH. It was possible to observe the maximum values of electric current and voltage of 17.97 mA and 1.02 V on days 16 and 14, in the cell with pH 7; while the cell with pH was the one that showed the lowest values. The electrical conductivity values increased from the first day, observing a maximum peak of 172.50 mS/cm for the cell with pH 7. However, the internal resistance values were low, the maximum value being for the cell with pH 4 (234.61 ± 34 Ω) and the minimum for the cell with pH 7 (46.543 ± 3.6 Ω). In the same way, the maximum power density was for the cell with pH 7 of approximately 645.74 ± 33.64 mW/cm2 and a current density of 5.42 A/cm2.
由于缺乏足够的储存，大量的水果浪费正在成为一个巨大的环境和社会问题。其中最丰富的废物是木瓜，由于其在各种品种的高消费量。这些废弃物可以通过有机废弃物产生生物电，是pH的重要参数。本研究制作了实验室规模的低成本微生物燃料电池，以木瓜废弃物为燃料，在不同的pH(4、5.73、7和9)下获得最佳的工作pH。在pH为7的电池中，可以观察到第16和14天的最大电流和电压分别为17.97 mA和1.02 V;pH值最低的是带pH值的细胞。电导率从第一天开始升高，pH为7的细胞电导率峰值为172.50 mS/cm。然而，内阻值较低，pH为4时最大(234.61±34 Ω)， pH为7时最小(46.543±3.6 Ω)。同样，当pH值为7时，电池的最大功率密度约为645.74±33.64 mW/cm2，电流密度为5.42 a /cm2。
{"title":"Generation of Electricity Through Papaya Waste at Different pH","authors":"S. Rojas-Flores, M. De La Cruz –Noriega, Santiago M. Benites, D. Delfín-Narciso, L. Angelats-Silva, Felix Díaz, L. Cabanillas-Chirinos","doi":"10.5755/j01.erem.78.4.31912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.78.4.31912","url":null,"abstract":"A large amount of fruit waste is being a great environmental and social problem due to a lack of adequate storage. Among the most abundant waste is papaya, due to its high consumption in various varieties. These wastes can generate bioelectricity through organic waste, being an important parameter the pH. In this research, low-cost laboratory-scale microbial fuel cells were fabricated, using papaya waste as fuel at different pH (4, 5.73, 7, and 9) to obtain the optimum operating pH. It was possible to observe the maximum values of electric current and voltage of 17.97 mA and 1.02 V on days 16 and 14, in the cell with pH 7; while the cell with pH was the one that showed the lowest values. The electrical conductivity values increased from the first day, observing a maximum peak of 172.50 mS/cm for the cell with pH 7. However, the internal resistance values were low, the maximum value being for the cell with pH 4 (234.61 ± 34 Ω) and the minimum for the cell with pH 7 (46.543 ± 3.6 Ω). In the same way, the maximum power density was for the cell with pH 7 of approximately 645.74 ± 33.64 mW/cm2 and a current density of 5.42 A/cm2.","PeriodicalId":11703,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research, Engineering and Management","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86098552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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