Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20431/2454-6224.0503003
Getachew Weldemichael
Coffee is the world’s most widely traded tropical agricultural commodity (ICO, 2011), next to oil (Prakash et al., 2002). It accounts for nearly half of the total exports of tropical products (FAO, 2009). In many producing countries, besides contributing a tremendous amount to the foreign exchange currency, it serves as a means of livelihood for millions of people (Steiger et al., 2002). It contributes 25-30 % of the Ethiopian foreign currency earnings ((FDRE MOT, 2012) and supports the livelihood of more than 20 million people in the country (Gole and Senbeta, 2008). However, the productivity is very low as compared to other producing countries.
咖啡是世界上交易最广泛的热带农产品(ICO, 2011)，仅次于石油(Prakash et al.， 2002)。它占热带产品出口总额的近一半(粮农组织，2009年)。在许多生产国，除了为外汇货币做出巨大贡献外，它还是数百万人的谋生手段(Steiger et al.， 2002)。它贡献了埃塞俄比亚25- 30%的外汇收入(FDRE MOT, 2012)，并支持该国2000多万人的生计(goole和Senbeta, 2008)。然而，与其他生产国相比，生产率非常低。
{"title":"Character Association and Path Coefficient Analysis for Yield and its Related Traits in Ethiopian Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Accessions","authors":"Getachew Weldemichael","doi":"10.20431/2454-6224.0503003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-6224.0503003","url":null,"abstract":"Coffee is the world’s most widely traded tropical agricultural commodity (ICO, 2011), next to oil (Prakash et al., 2002). It accounts for nearly half of the total exports of tropical products (FAO, 2009). In many producing countries, besides contributing a tremendous amount to the foreign exchange currency, it serves as a means of livelihood for millions of people (Steiger et al., 2002). It contributes 25-30 % of the Ethiopian foreign currency earnings ((FDRE MOT, 2012) and supports the livelihood of more than 20 million people in the country (Gole and Senbeta, 2008). However, the productivity is very low as compared to other producing countries.","PeriodicalId":117425,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130598220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20431/2454-6224.0512001
M. Soedarjo
Indonesia always imports soybean annually to meet a demand for food industries, namely tempe, tofu and soy sauce. For example, Indonesia imported 2.26 million ton soybean in 2015 which is equivalent to US$ 1.03 million (Kompas 2016). A significant decrease of national soybean production is caused by unfavorable price of soybean seed. Under such undesirable condition for growing soybean, farmers shift to grow other crops, such as corn and horticultural crops. An increase of soybean price to meet the benefit of the farmers and consumers would drive the farmers’ motivation to grow soybean in a larger area. In such circumtances, it is expected to increase the National soybean production.
{"title":"In Vitro Investigation on Phenolic Compound and Antioxidant Activities from Methanolic Extracts of Black Soybean Seed","authors":"M. Soedarjo","doi":"10.20431/2454-6224.0512001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-6224.0512001","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia always imports soybean annually to meet a demand for food industries, namely tempe, tofu and soy sauce. For example, Indonesia imported 2.26 million ton soybean in 2015 which is equivalent to US$ 1.03 million (Kompas 2016). A significant decrease of national soybean production is caused by unfavorable price of soybean seed. Under such undesirable condition for growing soybean, farmers shift to grow other crops, such as corn and horticultural crops. An increase of soybean price to meet the benefit of the farmers and consumers would drive the farmers’ motivation to grow soybean in a larger area. In such circumtances, it is expected to increase the National soybean production.","PeriodicalId":117425,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"03 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130848821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20431/2454-6224.0503004
S. Abera, A. Bekele, Abebaw Assaye, SAdane Melak
Rice is a recent introduction in Ethiopia; an attempt to introduction of rice had probably been started in Ethiopia when the wild rice was observed in the swampy and waterlogged areas of Fogera and Gambella Plains (Gebey et al., 2012). According to the report of MoA (2010), the potential rain fed rice production area is estimated about 30 million hectares, of which more than 5 million hectares are highly suitable.
埃塞俄比亚最近引进了大米;当在Fogera和Gambella平原的沼泽和水涝地区观察到野生水稻时，埃塞俄比亚可能已经开始尝试引进水稻(Gebey et al.， 2012)。根据农业部(2010)的报告，雨养水稻的潜在生产面积估计约为3000万公顷，其中500多万公顷是高度适宜的。
{"title":"Cost and Return Analysis of Rain Fed Lowland Rice Production under Smallholder Farmers in Fogera District, North Western Ethiopia","authors":"S. Abera, A. Bekele, Abebaw Assaye, SAdane Melak","doi":"10.20431/2454-6224.0503004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-6224.0503004","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is a recent introduction in Ethiopia; an attempt to introduction of rice had probably been started in Ethiopia when the wild rice was observed in the swampy and waterlogged areas of Fogera and Gambella Plains (Gebey et al., 2012). According to the report of MoA (2010), the potential rain fed rice production area is estimated about 30 million hectares, of which more than 5 million hectares are highly suitable.","PeriodicalId":117425,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125475502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20431/2454-6224.0305002
A. Karodia
The paper looks at the reasons as to why the South African poultry industry is in a flap and, in a state of collapse. Should South Africa shut down dumped chicken imports to prevent industry collapse, despite the fact that the European Union (EU) cries foul over the chicken crisis claims. On the other hand the South African poultry industry cries foul because of the status of import duties on poultry. The paper will look at these issues with an open mind and also argues that higher import duties will not fix all of the South African poultry sectors problems. It highlights very briefly the Trade and Industry Minister’s statement that chicken farmers are at risk. In so doing other important issues will be introduced within the narrative. It must be highlighted that the South African poultry industry is one of the most sophisticated industries on the continent of Africa, and therefore analyses some of the causes for this sudden demise. This collapse of the poultry industry is very significant in a country that is battling to curb its unemployment woes due to very serious problems within its very sluggish economy and the massive retrenchments within the industry. This is the reality that confronts the country and indeed solutions must be found to deal with this vexing issue. The paper will therefore nuance some of these issues. In the conclusion to this narrative, the author will argue that the fundamental structure of the South African economy must change in order to bring about delivery of services and deal with many of the issues that confront the country in terms of general development. The paper argues that the fundamental structure of the South African economy must change. Conclusions and recommendations are made throughout the discussion and at the end of the paper a dedicated discussion is undertaken in respect of some of the recommendations and conclusions that are provided.
{"title":"The South African Poultry Industry is in Dire Straits and is Facing Collapse: Is it a Management and Political issue","authors":"A. Karodia","doi":"10.20431/2454-6224.0305002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-6224.0305002","url":null,"abstract":"The paper looks at the reasons as to why the South African poultry industry is in a flap and, in a state of collapse. Should South Africa shut down dumped chicken imports to prevent industry collapse, despite the fact that the European Union (EU) cries foul over the chicken crisis claims. On the other hand the South African poultry industry cries foul because of the status of import duties on poultry. The paper will look at these issues with an open mind and also argues that higher import duties will not fix all of the South African poultry sectors problems. It highlights very briefly the Trade and Industry Minister’s statement that chicken farmers are at risk. In so doing other important issues will be introduced within the narrative. It must be highlighted that the South African poultry industry is one of the most sophisticated industries on the continent of Africa, and therefore analyses some of the causes for this sudden demise. This collapse of the poultry industry is very significant in a country that is battling to curb its unemployment woes due to very serious problems within its very sluggish economy and the massive retrenchments within the industry. This is the reality that confronts the country and indeed solutions must be found to deal with this vexing issue. The paper will therefore nuance some of these issues. In the conclusion to this narrative, the author will argue that the fundamental structure of the South African economy must change in order to bring about delivery of services and deal with many of the issues that confront the country in terms of general development. The paper argues that the fundamental structure of the South African economy must change. Conclusions and recommendations are made throughout the discussion and at the end of the paper a dedicated discussion is undertaken in respect of some of the recommendations and conclusions that are provided.","PeriodicalId":117425,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123333605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20431/2454-6224.0604005
I. Arsana, M. J. Mejaya
The wasteful use of irrigation water is a serious challenge that deserves attention, because of the long-term threat of global climate change. Periodic irrigation or rotation technique was one method that in addition to making the soil healthy, it also saves the use of irrigation water through water balance technology. The objective of this paper is to discuss the management of water stream through technology of water balance in Bali Province, Indonesia to be used for the consideration of a policy by local government to support the program of one river one management. The research on water balance was conducted in the Yeh Ho watershed which was located in the Tabanan district, Bali Province stretching from the Batukaru mountains in the north to the Indonesian Ocean in the south. In the north it was bordered by Buleleng regency, in the east it borders Badung regency and in the west with Pupuan sub-district Tabanan regency. The length of the Yeh Ho river from the Pasut coast (Indonesian ocean) to the slopes of Mount Batukaru ± 75 km. Water treatment consisted of irrigation continuously, irrigation ago 4 days and irrigation intermittent 8 days. In order to obtain three water balance models in each part of the region are as follows: 1). I + Ch = P + Pt + P 1 + C; 2). I + Ch = P + Pt + P 2 + C; and 3). I + Ch = P + Pt + P 3 + C. Where: I = Irrigation (measured and observed was shallow ground water), Ch = Rainfall, P = Evaporation, Pt = tillage, P 1 = Irrigation continuously, P 2 = Irrigation 4 days and P 3 = Irrigation once every 8 days and C = Reserve. Results of the research showed that water supply in the watershed Yeh Ho with continuous irrigation, water used of 28,700 m ha leaving water reserves 62,700 m ha. Irrigation once every 4 days drains 25,200 m ha of waterleaving 66,100 m ha of water reserves and 8 days of irrigation consumes 22,100 m ha leaving 69,200 m ha of water . The observations showed that with continuous irrigation leaving 4.0% water, once every 4 days irrigation 15%, once every 8 days irrigation 46.3%. The availability of water and its dwastribution was increasingly limited, so the use of water for agricultural irrigation especially paddy rice needs to be done wwasely so that excess irrigation water can be used to generate income through other businesses that mutually support the agricultural sector.
由于全球气候变化的长期威胁，灌溉用水的浪费是一个值得关注的严重挑战。定期灌溉或轮作技术是一种既能保持土壤健康，又能通过水分平衡技术节约灌溉用水的方法。本文的目的是讨论通过水平衡技术在印度尼西亚巴厘省的水流管理，以供当地政府考虑一项政策，以支持一河一管理计划。对位于巴厘省塔巴南地区的叶河流域进行了水平衡研究，该流域北起巴图卡鲁山脉，南至印度尼西亚海洋。在北部，它与布列伦摄政接壤，在东部，它与巴东摄政接壤，在西部与普普安街道塔巴南摄政接壤。叶河的长度从帕苏特海岸(印尼海洋)到巴图卡鲁山的斜坡±75公里。水处理分为连续灌溉、连续灌溉4 d和间歇灌溉8 d。为了得到该区域各部分水量平衡模型如下:1). I + Ch = P + Pt + p1 + C;2). I + Ch = P + Pt + p2 + C;I + Ch = P + Pt + p3 + C。式中:I =灌溉(实测为浅层地下水)，Ch =降雨量，P =蒸发，Pt =耕作，p1 =连续灌溉，p2 =灌溉4天，p3 =每8天灌溉一次，C =储备。研究结果表明，在叶河流域持续灌溉的情况下，用水量为28700 m ha，剩余水量为62700 m ha。每4天灌溉一次，耗水量为25200万公顷，剩余水量为66100万公顷，8天灌溉消耗22100万公顷，剩余水量为69200万公顷。观察结果表明，连续灌溉留水量4.0%，4 d 1次灌水量15%，8 d 1次灌水量46.3%。水的供应和分配越来越有限，因此农业灌溉用水，特别是水稻灌溉用水必须大量使用，以便多余的灌溉用水可以通过相互支持农业部门的其他业务产生收入。
{"title":"Water Balance in Rice Intensification Program in Bali Province, Indonesia","authors":"I. Arsana, M. J. Mejaya","doi":"10.20431/2454-6224.0604005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-6224.0604005","url":null,"abstract":"The wasteful use of irrigation water is a serious challenge that deserves attention, because of the long-term threat of global climate change. Periodic irrigation or rotation technique was one method that in addition to making the soil healthy, it also saves the use of irrigation water through water balance technology. The objective of this paper is to discuss the management of water stream through technology of water balance in Bali Province, Indonesia to be used for the consideration of a policy by local government to support the program of one river one management. The research on water balance was conducted in the Yeh Ho watershed which was located in the Tabanan district, Bali Province stretching from the Batukaru mountains in the north to the Indonesian Ocean in the south. In the north it was bordered by Buleleng regency, in the east it borders Badung regency and in the west with Pupuan sub-district Tabanan regency. The length of the Yeh Ho river from the Pasut coast (Indonesian ocean) to the slopes of Mount Batukaru ± 75 km. Water treatment consisted of irrigation continuously, irrigation ago 4 days and irrigation intermittent 8 days. In order to obtain three water balance models in each part of the region are as follows: 1). I + Ch = P + Pt + P 1 + C; 2). I + Ch = P + Pt + P 2 + C; and 3). I + Ch = P + Pt + P 3 + C. Where: I = Irrigation (measured and observed was shallow ground water), Ch = Rainfall, P = Evaporation, Pt = tillage, P 1 = Irrigation continuously, P 2 = Irrigation 4 days and P 3 = Irrigation once every 8 days and C = Reserve. Results of the research showed that water supply in the watershed Yeh Ho with continuous irrigation, water used of 28,700 m ha leaving water reserves 62,700 m ha. Irrigation once every 4 days drains 25,200 m ha of waterleaving 66,100 m ha of water reserves and 8 days of irrigation consumes 22,100 m ha leaving 69,200 m ha of water . The observations showed that with continuous irrigation leaving 4.0% water, once every 4 days irrigation 15%, once every 8 days irrigation 46.3%. The availability of water and its dwastribution was increasingly limited, so the use of water for agricultural irrigation especially paddy rice needs to be done wwasely so that excess irrigation water can be used to generate income through other businesses that mutually support the agricultural sector.","PeriodicalId":117425,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123395364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20431/2454-6224.0401001
P. Prasteen, Y. Thushyanthy, T. Mikunthan, M. Prabhaharan
Population growth has dramatically increased the usage of different types of packaging materials which are including metals, glass, wood, paper and plastics or combination of more than one material as combinations to fulfill the necessities of human [1].Thereby plastics have now become essential materials, and the demand is frequently increasing due to their various and attractive usages in household and industries. These activities thus increasing the generation of wastes secondarily which pretense a very severe environmental challenge because of their enormous quantity and disposal problem as thermoplastics do not biodegrade for a very long time [2].One of the most common wastes generated is the petroleum-based bags and/or plastic containers, which are the most common packaging materials commonly used in all around the world.
{"title":"Bio-Plastics - An Alternative to Petroleum Based Plastics","authors":"P. Prasteen, Y. Thushyanthy, T. Mikunthan, M. Prabhaharan","doi":"10.20431/2454-6224.0401001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-6224.0401001","url":null,"abstract":"Population growth has dramatically increased the usage of different types of packaging materials which are including metals, glass, wood, paper and plastics or combination of more than one material as combinations to fulfill the necessities of human [1].Thereby plastics have now become essential materials, and the demand is frequently increasing due to their various and attractive usages in household and industries. These activities thus increasing the generation of wastes secondarily which pretense a very severe environmental challenge because of their enormous quantity and disposal problem as thermoplastics do not biodegrade for a very long time [2].One of the most common wastes generated is the petroleum-based bags and/or plastic containers, which are the most common packaging materials commonly used in all around the world.","PeriodicalId":117425,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123398126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20431/2454-6224.0705002
T. Fernando, A. Aruggoda, S. Ariadurai, C. K. Disanayaka
: Super Absorbent Polymers(SAP) isincreasingly being used for enhancing the water and nutrient use efficiencies in plants, creating a congenial and nourishing rhizospheric micro-environment for better plant growth and yield. Therefore, SAPs have been predominantly used in agricultural industry in recent past. The present experiment was conducted to assess the effects of different watering intervals on growth of Abelmoschus esculentus established in a potting media with SAP developed in Sri Lanka (SLSAP) as alayerat the root zone. Abelmoschus esculentus plants were established in pots added with potting mixture; sand, compost, top soil and burned paddy husk in the ratio of 1:1:1: ½ and the top layered with SLSAP as the middle, with moist coir dust layers from top and bottom. At 3, 5 and 7 days’ intervals watered while maintaining the control at 3 days watering without adding SLSAP.Yield, plant height, numbers of flowers per plant, leaf area, moisture content in whole plant and relative humidity of plant leaves were measured. Except plant height, dates of watering were significant for all other measured parameter (P < 0.05). Also, watering at a 3 days’ interval resulted in a good yield from Abelmoschus esculentus , prepared SLSAP added layer wise growth medium compared to plants grown in 3 days watering in control medium. Plants watered once in 7 days were observed to be wilted. However, adding water revived them showing no permanent wiling. Further, when frequency of watering was decreased from once in 3 days to 5 days and 7 days, growth parameters were reduced by certain percent.
{"title":"Effects of Different Watering Intervals on Growth Performance of Abelmoschus Esculentus Presence with Super Absorbent Polymer Layer at the Root Zone with Moist Coir Dust Layers","authors":"T. Fernando, A. Aruggoda, S. Ariadurai, C. K. Disanayaka","doi":"10.20431/2454-6224.0705002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-6224.0705002","url":null,"abstract":": Super Absorbent Polymers(SAP) isincreasingly being used for enhancing the water and nutrient use efficiencies in plants, creating a congenial and nourishing rhizospheric micro-environment for better plant growth and yield. Therefore, SAPs have been predominantly used in agricultural industry in recent past. The present experiment was conducted to assess the effects of different watering intervals on growth of Abelmoschus esculentus established in a potting media with SAP developed in Sri Lanka (SLSAP) as alayerat the root zone. Abelmoschus esculentus plants were established in pots added with potting mixture; sand, compost, top soil and burned paddy husk in the ratio of 1:1:1: ½ and the top layered with SLSAP as the middle, with moist coir dust layers from top and bottom. At 3, 5 and 7 days’ intervals watered while maintaining the control at 3 days watering without adding SLSAP.Yield, plant height, numbers of flowers per plant, leaf area, moisture content in whole plant and relative humidity of plant leaves were measured. Except plant height, dates of watering were significant for all other measured parameter (P < 0.05). Also, watering at a 3 days’ interval resulted in a good yield from Abelmoschus esculentus , prepared SLSAP added layer wise growth medium compared to plants grown in 3 days watering in control medium. Plants watered once in 7 days were observed to be wilted. However, adding water revived them showing no permanent wiling. Further, when frequency of watering was decreased from once in 3 days to 5 days and 7 days, growth parameters were reduced by certain percent.","PeriodicalId":117425,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126237930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20431/2454-6224.0608001
AshenafiNigussie, M. Gadissa, Nibret Tadesse
The demand for medicinal and aromatic plants is increasing gradually at national as well as international markets. Therefore, intercropping of aromatic and medicinal plants should be advocated and adopted for obtaining additional remuneration for the farmers. Medicinal and aromatic plant as if Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) is an aromatic perennial shrub by herb that belongs to the family Labiatae (Directorate Plant production, 2009).The dried leaf material and essential oil of rosemary are obtained from leaves and flowering twigs. The leaves are used as a culinary herb and essential oil is extensively used in food, Flavor and fragrance industries (Beemnet et al, 2013). Essential oil also used almost wholly in the perfumery industry forthe production of soaps, detergents, household spraysand other products (Joyteal, 2001).
国内外市场对药用和芳香植物的需求日益增长。因此，应该提倡和采用芳香植物和药用植物的间作，为农民获得额外的报酬。药用和芳香植物，如迷迭香(Rosmarinus officinalis L)是一种芳香的多年生灌木草本植物，属于唇形科(Directorate plant production, 2009)。迷迭香的干叶物质和精油是从叶子和开花树枝中提取的。叶子被用作烹饪草药，精油被广泛用于食品、香料和香料行业(Beemnet et al, 2013)。精油也几乎全部用于香水工业，用于生产肥皂、洗涤剂、家用喷雾和其他产品(Joyteal, 2001年)。
{"title":"Competitiveness and Yield Advantage of Carrot-Rosemary Intercropping over Solitary at Wondo Genet, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"AshenafiNigussie, M. Gadissa, Nibret Tadesse","doi":"10.20431/2454-6224.0608001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-6224.0608001","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for medicinal and aromatic plants is increasing gradually at national as well as international markets. Therefore, intercropping of aromatic and medicinal plants should be advocated and adopted for obtaining additional remuneration for the farmers. Medicinal and aromatic plant as if Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) is an aromatic perennial shrub by herb that belongs to the family Labiatae (Directorate Plant production, 2009).The dried leaf material and essential oil of rosemary are obtained from leaves and flowering twigs. The leaves are used as a culinary herb and essential oil is extensively used in food, Flavor and fragrance industries (Beemnet et al, 2013). Essential oil also used almost wholly in the perfumery industry forthe production of soaps, detergents, household spraysand other products (Joyteal, 2001).","PeriodicalId":117425,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126594762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20431/2454-6224.0309004
K. Ogungbemi, A. O. Alejo, F. Ishola, A. A. Afolabi, M. Oyelakin, K. Zaka, C. N. Ajanwachuku
Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute. Ibadan Zonal Office, Nigeria Department of entomology, Nigerian stored products Research Institute, Ibadan Zonal office, Nigeria. Outreach Department, Nigerian stored products Research Institute, Ibadan Zonal office, Nigeria Post harvest engineering research Department; Nigerian stored products Research Institute, portharcourt Zonal office, Nigeria
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Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20431/2454-6224.0601004
Abebaw Dessie, Taddesse Lakew, Z. Tahir
: The experiment was conducted in Woreta, Pawe, Metema, Assosa, Mytsebri, Bako, Bonga and Jimmafrom 2012-2014 main cropping seasons with the major objectives of medium maturing, high yielding and pest resistance rice varieties for the upland rice production system in Ethiopia. A total of 20 upland genotypes including one check were used in the study. The trial was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications with plot size of 6.0 m 2 . The combined analysis of variance revealed significant difference on days to maturity, panicle length, plant height, fertile tiller per plant and grain yield (P≤0.01). G7 (IR 83384-B-B-102-3) was the highest yielding genotype followed by G3 (IR 78937-B-20-B-B-4) and G5 (IR 83750-B-B-131-1) with grain yield of 4223.4, 3849.7 and 3776.3 kgha -1 , respectively. The GGE bi-plot graphic analysis revealed that the two principal components explained 76.42 % of the total GEI variance. GGE bi-plot analysis showed that G7 performed best in almost all environments except in E3 and E11. Grain yield performance and stability analysis revealed that G7 was the highest yielding and relatively stable. Therefore G7 was identified as candidate variety and it was verified along with the check on farmer’s field and on station.
试验于2012-2014年主要种植季在Woreta、Pawe、Metema、Assosa、Mytsebri、Bako、Bonga和jimma进行，主要目标是为埃塞俄比亚旱稻生产系统寻找中熟、高产和抗虫害的水稻品种。本研究共使用了20个旱地基因型，其中包括1个检验型。试验采用完全随机区组设计，3个重复，地块面积为6.0 m2。综合方差分析显示，各品种在成熟期、穗长、株高、单株可育分蘖数和籽粒产量上均存在显著差异(P≤0.01)。产量最高的是G7 (IR 83384-B-B-102-3)，其次是G3 (IR 78937-B-20-B-B-4)和G5 (IR 83750-B-B-131-1)，产量分别为4223.4、3849.7和3776.3 kgha -1。GGE双图分析显示，这两个主成分解释了总GEI方差的76.42%。GGE双图分析表明，G7在除E3和E11外的几乎所有环境中表现最好。籽粒产量表现及稳定性分析表明，G7产量最高，产量相对稳定。因此，G7被确定为候选品种，并通过农民田间和车站的检查进行了验证。
{"title":"GGE Bi-Plot Analysis of Genotype by Environment Interaction in Medium Maturing Upland Rice Genotypes in Ethiopia","authors":"Abebaw Dessie, Taddesse Lakew, Z. Tahir","doi":"10.20431/2454-6224.0601004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2454-6224.0601004","url":null,"abstract":": The experiment was conducted in Woreta, Pawe, Metema, Assosa, Mytsebri, Bako, Bonga and Jimmafrom 2012-2014 main cropping seasons with the major objectives of medium maturing, high yielding and pest resistance rice varieties for the upland rice production system in Ethiopia. A total of 20 upland genotypes including one check were used in the study. The trial was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications with plot size of 6.0 m 2 . The combined analysis of variance revealed significant difference on days to maturity, panicle length, plant height, fertile tiller per plant and grain yield (P≤0.01). G7 (IR 83384-B-B-102-3) was the highest yielding genotype followed by G3 (IR 78937-B-20-B-B-4) and G5 (IR 83750-B-B-131-1) with grain yield of 4223.4, 3849.7 and 3776.3 kgha -1 , respectively. The GGE bi-plot graphic analysis revealed that the two principal components explained 76.42 % of the total GEI variance. GGE bi-plot analysis showed that G7 performed best in almost all environments except in E3 and E11. Grain yield performance and stability analysis revealed that G7 was the highest yielding and relatively stable. Therefore G7 was identified as candidate variety and it was verified along with the check on farmer’s field and on station.","PeriodicalId":117425,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116081386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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