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Integrative mineralogical, geochemical, and spectroscopic assessment of mining-impacted environments in a post-extractive area of East Cameroon (SW-Africa) in a humid tropical climate. 在潮湿的热带气候下,东喀麦隆(西南非洲)采掘后地区采矿影响环境的综合矿物学、地球化学和光谱评估。
IF 3.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-026-03017-x
Armel Zacharie Ekoa Bessa, Elvine Paternie Edjengté Doumo, Nadia Rhoujjati

Former mining activities in the Bétaré-Oya region of eastern Cameroon have generated long-lasting environmental impacts due to the accumulation of unrehabilitated mine residues. This study provides an integrated assessment of the mineralogical, geochemical, spectroscopic, and microtextural characteristics of mine tailings, contaminated soils, and downstream sediments to evaluate their contamination potential. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses show that tailings are dominated by quartz (up to 55%), kaolinite, muscovite, and metallic sulfides including chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, and galena, while soils and sediments exhibit more heterogeneous silicate-clay assemblages. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) identifies strong absorption bands associated with carbonates (1430-875 cm-1), sulfates (1120-980 cm-1), and clay-related hydroxyl groups. Geochemically, total carbon (C) ranges from 1.0 to 6.9% in tailings and 1.2-6.4% in soils, whereas sulfur (S) reaches up to 6.5% in some tailings and sediments. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is highly variable, with maximum values of 16% in tailings, reflecting processing residues. Major oxides indicate strong iron enrichment in tailings (Fe2O3 up to 13.4 wt%), coupled with elevated Al2O3 (up to 35.2 wt%) and SiO2 variability (25-60 wt%). Silver (Ag) displays anomalous enrichment, reaching up to 8 g/t in tailings, 5 g/t in soils, and 11 g/t in sediments, exceeding typical natural background levels (< 0.1 g/t). Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) reveals porous and fractured microtextures, dissolution fronts, and micron-scale hotspots of Pb, Zn, Ag, and As within altered sulfides and secondary Fe-oxides. Collectively, these mineralogical and geochemical signatures indicate a high potential for contaminant release and downstream transfer, particularly during intense tropical weathering and seasonal flooding. The findings underscore the urgent need for site rehabilitation, improved tailings management, and sustained environmental monitoring to mitigate long-term risks to local ecosystems and agricultural zones.

以前在喀麦隆东部bsamtarsami - oya地区的采矿活动由于未修复的地雷残余物的积累而产生了长期的环境影响。本研究对尾矿、污染土壤和下游沉积物的矿物学、地球化学、光谱和微结构特征进行了综合评估,以评估其污染潜力。x射线衍射(XRD)分析表明,尾矿以石英(高达55%)、高岭石、白云母和黄铜矿、毒砂、方铅矿等金属硫化物为主,土壤和沉积物则表现出更多的非均质硅酸盐-粘土组合。傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)识别出与碳酸盐(1430-875 cm-1)、硫酸盐(1120-980 cm-1)和粘土相关羟基相关的强吸收带。尾矿中总碳(C)含量为1.0 ~ 6.9%,土壤中总碳(C)含量为1.2 ~ 6.4%,而部分尾矿和沉积物中总硫(S)含量可达6.5%。碳酸钙(CaCO3)变化很大,在尾矿中最大值为16%,反映了加工残留物。主要氧化物表明,尾矿中铁富集程度较高(Fe2O3高达13.4 wt%), Al2O3升高(高达35.2 wt%), SiO2变化(25-60 wt%)。银(Ag)表现出异常富集,在尾矿中达到8 g/t,在土壤中达到5 g/t,在沉积物中达到11 g/t,超过了典型的自然背景水平(
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引用次数: 0
Source apportionment of soil heavy metals based on APCR/MLR and the PMF model: a case study of the Henan section of the Yellow River. 基于APCR/MLR和PMF模型的土壤重金属来源解析——以黄河河南段为例
IF 3.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-026-03029-7
Wei Yuan, Ziqiang Su, Yuguan Feng, Mingwang Sun, Meng Bai, Pei Zhou, Luqman Riaz, Jianhong Lu, Yiping Guo

The occurrence characteristics of heavy metals (HMs) in aquatic environments have garnered widespread attention. Industrial wastewater, agricultural runoff, and domestic sewage discharged along the Yellow River in Henan Province pose potential threats to both the river ecosystem and human health. Consequently, the present study elucidated HM sources in the Henan section of the Yellow River via field investigations and model validation. The total concentrations of seven heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, As) in riverbank soils of the studied area ranged from 0.28 (Cd)-798.55 (Mn) mg/kg.. HM levels were generally higher in tributaries than in the main stream, with significant inter-tributary variation (P < 0.05). The spatial distribution of potential ecological risk showed a pyramidal structure, dominated by medium-risk zones (61.50%), followed by high-risk and low-risk areas. Health risk assessment indicated elevated risks for children compared to adults, with oral ingestion identified as the primary exposure pathway (> 90%). Correlation analysis revealed Zn was significantly correlated with other HMs (P < 0.05). Source apportionment via Principal Component Analysis (PCA) combined with the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model quantified contributions as: industrial emissions (28.50%) > agricultural non-point sources (21.70%) > geological background (15.30%) > industrial wastewater (12.80%) > transportation emissions (10.50%) > mining activities (7.00%). Industrial sources were identified as the primary contributor to both ecological and health risks. This study provides a reference and a basis for formulating effective measures to prevent and control HMs enrichment in agricultural soils.

重金属在水生环境中的赋存特征引起了人们的广泛关注。河南省黄河流域的工业废水、农业径流和生活污水对河流生态系统和人类健康构成潜在威胁。因此,本研究通过实地调查和模型验证,阐明了黄河河南段HM的来源。研究区河岸土壤中7种重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Ni、Cd、As)的总浓度在0.28 (Cd) ~ 798.55 (Mn) mg/kg之间。HM水平在支流中普遍高于干流,且各支流间差异显著(P < 90%)。相关分析表明,Zn与其他HMs (P为农业非点源(21.70%);bbb为地质背景(15.30%);bb1为工业废水(12.80%);bb2为交通运输排放(10.50%);bb3为采矿活动(7.00%))相关性显著。工业来源被确定为造成生态和健康风险的主要因素。本研究为制定有效防治土壤中HMs富集的措施提供了参考和依据。
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引用次数: 0
Biocatalytic and enzymatic systems for heavy metal removal from aquatic environments: mechanisms, applications, and future prospects. 水生环境中重金属去除的生物催化和酶系统:机制、应用和未来前景。
IF 3.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-026-03027-9
Harez Rashid Ahmed, Khaled Chawraba, Anu Mary Ealias, Kawan Fuad Kayani, Abrar Hussain

Heavy metal contamination in aquatic environments poses a severe threat to ecosystems and human health due to the non-biodegradability, bioaccumulation, and toxicity of metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium, and arsenic. Conventional treatment methods often suffer from limitations, including high operational costs, incomplete removal, and secondary pollution. In this context, biocatalytic and enzymatic systems have emerged as promising green alternatives for heavy metal remediation. This review comprehensively examines the current state of enzymatic and biocatalytic approaches for removing heavy metals from water systems. Specific focus is placed on naturally occurring and genetically engineered enzymes, including metallothioneins, phytochelatins, oxidoreductases, and peroxidases, as well as microbial biocatalysts and enzyme-immobilized composites. The underlying mechanisms, such as enzymatic reduction, chelation, biosorption, and bioaccumulation, are discussed in detail. Key factors affecting efficiency, including pH, temperature, enzyme stability, and metal ion speciation, are critically analyzed. Additionally, recent advancements in nano-biocatalysts and immobilized enzyme systems are highlighted for their potential in enhancing selectivity and recyclability. This review not only elucidates the strengths and limitations of biocatalytic systems but also outlines the future directions toward scalable, cost-effective, and sustainable water treatment technologies.

由于铅、镉、汞、铬和砷等金属的不可生物降解性、生物蓄积性和毒性,水生环境中的重金属污染对生态系统和人类健康构成严重威胁。传统的处理方法往往存在局限性,包括操作成本高、去除不完全和二次污染。在这种情况下,生物催化和酶系统已经成为重金属修复的有前途的绿色替代品。本文综述了目前酶法和生物催化法去除水中重金属的研究现状。具体重点放在自然发生和基因工程酶,包括金属硫蛋白,植物螯合蛋白,氧化还原酶和过氧化物酶,以及微生物生物催化剂和酶固定化复合材料。潜在的机制,如酶还原,螯合,生物吸附和生物积累,详细讨论。对影响效率的关键因素,包括pH值、温度、酶稳定性和金属离子形态进行了严格的分析。此外,纳米生物催化剂和固定化酶系统的最新进展因其在提高选择性和可回收性方面的潜力而受到重视。这篇综述不仅阐明了生物催化系统的优势和局限性,而且概述了未来可扩展、经济高效和可持续的水处理技术的发展方向。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental and ALO-optimized machine learning interpretable models for pharmaceutical adsorption onto raw bentonite. 原料膨润土上药物吸附的实验和aloo优化机器学习可解释模型。
IF 3.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-026-03012-2
Amina Bouaichaoui, Nabila Boucherit, Mohamed Kouider Amar, Rachid Amraoui, Mohamed Hentabli

Pharmaceutical contamination of aquatic systems poses an increasing environmental concern due to the persistence, bioactivity, and incomplete removal of these compounds by conventional wastewater treatment processes. This study investigates the adsorptive removal of three structurally distinct pharmaceuticals: ketotifen fumarate (KF), doxycycline hyclate (DXC), and nystatin (Nyst), using raw bentonite (RB). By combining batch experiments with an interpretable machine learning (ML) framework, adsorption kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics were evaluated. Additionally, four Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO)-optimized models: Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Random Forest (RF), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), were employed to predict adsorption capacity under diverse conditions. RB exhibited high adsorption capacities: 178.86 ± 1.26 mg/g for KF, 222.91 ± 2.02 mg/g for DXC, and 190.25 ± 2.86 mg/g for Nyst. Adsorption equilibrium was best described by the Freundlich isotherm, indicating multilayer adsorption on a heterogeneous surface. Thermodynamic and spectroscopic analyses revealed a dual mechanism involving electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, cation exchange, and van der Waals interactions, with DXC and Nyst adsorption being endothermic and KF adsorption exothermic. SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) analysis identified adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, and pH as dominant operational factors, while the molecular descriptor nC (number of carbon atoms) emerged as key to differentiating pharmaceuticals, linking larger molecular size to stronger adsorption. The XGBoost model achieved the highest accuracy (R2 = 0.972, RMSE = 0.1225), demonstrating robust generalizability. These findings highlight RB as a low-cost, scalable adsorbent and establish an interpretable ML approach capable of linking molecular structure to adsorption behavior.

由于传统废水处理工艺对这些化合物的持久性、生物活性和不完全去除,水生系统的药物污染引起了越来越多的环境关注。本研究研究了三种结构不同的药物:富马酸酮替芬(KF),水合强力霉素(DXC)和制霉菌素(Nyst),利用生膨润土(RB)吸附去除。通过将批量实验与可解释的机器学习(ML)框架相结合,对吸附动力学、平衡和热力学进行了评估。此外,采用人工神经网络(ANN)、支持向量回归(SVR)、随机森林(RF)和极端梯度提升(XGBoost)四种蚂蚁狮子优化(ALO)模型来预测不同条件下的吸附容量。RB对KF的吸附量为178.86±1.26 mg/g,对DXC为222.91±2.02 mg/g,对Nyst为190.25±2.86 mg/g。Freundlich等温线最能描述吸附平衡,表明在非均质表面上有多层吸附。热力学和光谱分析揭示了静电吸引、氢键、阳离子交换和范德华相互作用的双重机制,其中DXC和Nyst的吸附是吸热的,KF的吸附是放热的。SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations)分析确定吸附剂的剂量、初始浓度和pH值是主要的操作因素,而分子描述符nC(碳原子数)则成为区分药物的关键,将更大的分子尺寸与更强的吸附联系起来。XGBoost模型获得了最高的精度(R2 = 0.972, RMSE = 0.1225),显示了稳健的泛化性。这些发现强调了RB是一种低成本、可扩展的吸附剂,并建立了一种可解释的ML方法,能够将分子结构与吸附行为联系起来。
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引用次数: 0
Seasonal and spatial dynamics of organic micropollutants in a Mediterranean river: implications for environmental risk assessment. 地中海河流中有机微污染物的季节和空间动态:对环境风险评估的影响。
IF 3.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-026-03015-z
Farah Ali Ahmad, Darine A Salam

This work represents the first integrated assessment in the Litani River Basin, Lebanon's longest river, which flows into the Mediterranean Sea, combining multi-class organic micropollutant occurrence, specifically pharmaceuticals and aromatic hydrocarbons, in both surface water and sediment with a quantitative environmental risk assessment. Surface water and sediment samples were collected across consecutive dry (summer) and wet (winter) seasons from nine sites along the Upper Litani River Basin and analyzed using advanced analytical methods. Among the 27 tested pharmaceuticals, ibuprofen (4.7 µg/L), caffeine (23.6 µg/L), telmisartan (833.5 ng/L), carbamazepine (658.5 ng/L), gemfibrozil (71.0 ng/L), mefenamic acid (64.7 ng/L), and diphenhydramine (65.9 ng/L) were the most frequently detected, with some reaching notably high concentrations in the µg/L range in surface water. Sediments revealed ubiquitous contamination by ibuprofen, telmisartan, climbazole, diphenhydramine, and azithromycin. Spatial profiling identified pollution hotspots closely linked to the discharge of untreated municipal sewage, and hospital and industrial effluents. Environmental risk assessment results highlighted substantial ecological risks posed by telmisartan, ibuprofen, diclofenac, climbazole, and caffeine. Among the aromatic hydrocarbons, xylene, ethylbenzene, and benzene were frequently detected in the sediments at ecologically hazardous concentrations, while naphthalene and benzo[a]pyrene exhibited seasonal and spatial variability in occurrence and risk potential. The findings from this study contribute to the state of knowledge of pollution levels of emerging contaminants in a major Mediterranean river and permit to inform and guide future mitigation and management strategies. The environmental risk assessment applied in this study enabled the translation of measured concentrations into ecologically meaningful indicators allowing the identification of priority contaminants and high-risk locations.

这项工作代表了利塔尼河流域的首次综合评估,利塔尼河是黎巴嫩最长的河流,流入地中海,将地表水和沉积物中的多类有机微污染物,特别是药物和芳香烃的发生与定量环境风险评估相结合。在连续的干(夏)湿(冬)季收集了上利塔尼河流域9个站点的地表水和沉积物样本,并使用先进的分析方法进行了分析。27种检测药物中,布洛芬(4.7µg/L)、咖啡因(23.6µg/L)、替米沙坦(833.5 ng/L)、卡马西平(658.5 ng/L)、吉非罗齐(71.0 ng/L)、甲氧胺酸(64.7 ng/L)、苯海拉明(65.9 ng/L)的检出频率最高,部分在地面水中浓度达到极高的µg/L范围。沉积物中普遍存在布洛芬、替米沙坦、克里巴唑、苯海拉明和阿奇霉素的污染。空间分析确定了与未经处理的城市污水、医院和工业污水排放密切相关的污染热点。环境风险评估结果强调了替米沙坦、布洛芬、双氯芬酸、克里巴唑和咖啡因带来的重大生态风险。其中,二甲苯、乙苯和苯在沉积物中以生态危险浓度出现较多,而萘和苯并[a]芘的存在率和风险潜力表现出季节性和空间变异性。这项研究的结果有助于了解地中海一条主要河流中新出现的污染物的污染水平,并为今后的缓解和管理战略提供信息和指导。本研究中应用的环境风险评估能够将测量的浓度转化为有生态意义的指标,从而确定优先污染物和高风险地点。
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引用次数: 0
Correction: Seasonal dynamics of groundwater pollution and health risks in municipal solid waste‑affected urban settlements of Bengaluru, Kolkata and Durgapur, India. 修正:印度班加罗尔、加尔各答和杜尔加布尔受城市固体废物影响的城市住区地下水污染和健康风险的季节性动态。
IF 3.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-026-03000-6
Utpal Majee, Prosenjit Ghosh, Gabriel M Filippelli
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引用次数: 0
A review on integrated isotopic and receptor model approaches for urban REE source appointment. 城市稀土元素来源确定的综合同位素和受体模型方法综述。
IF 3.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-025-02968-x
Muhammad Ubaid Ali, Muhammad Adnan, Xiao Yan Lin, Sajid Ali, Zhuanxi Luo, Yu Yan, Gongren Hu, Ruilian Yu, Ming Hung Wong

With rapid urbanization and industrialization, pollution of rare earth elements (REEs) in air, soil, and water is increasing in urban areas. These critical high-tech elements are becoming more abundant in urban dust and other environmental settings. It is difficult to differentiate and quantify the sources of REE pollution, as natural and anthropogenic sources overlap. This work couples isotopic tracing techniques (Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopes) with receptor models (positive matrix factorization (PMF) and absolute principal component scores/multiple linear regression (APCS/MLR)) to obtain robust source apportionment of REEs in urban environments. Isotopic fingerprints, including Gd anomalies, have been shown to serve as powerful tracers for distinguishing vehicular emissions, industrial discharges, and soil erosion. Non-exhaust vehicular emissions, especially those from brake and tire wear, have been identified as the main sources of REE release into the environment. The combination of isotopic methods and receptor models enhances the accuracy of source apportionment and contributions, facilitating better environmental management. The review highlights the need for standardized isotope libraries and sophisticated modelling tools to characterize sources, thereby improving source apportionment and informing sustainable control strategies for urban pollution. Focusing on controlling industrial and vehicle emissions can be an effective strategy to reduce REE contamination levels and human exposure.

随着城市化和工业化进程的加快,城市大气、土壤和水体中稀土元素的污染日益严重。这些关键的高科技元素在城市尘埃和其他环境环境中变得越来越丰富。由于自然来源和人为来源重叠,很难区分和量化稀土污染的来源。这项工作将同位素示踪技术(Pb、Sr和Nd同位素)与受体模型(正矩阵分解(PMF)和绝对主成分评分/多元线性回归(APCS/MLR))相结合,以获得城市环境中稀土元素的可靠来源分配。同位素指纹,包括Gd异常,已被证明是区分车辆排放、工业排放和土壤侵蚀的有力示踪剂。非废气车辆排放,特别是来自刹车和轮胎磨损的排放,已被确定为向环境释放稀土元素的主要来源。同位素方法和受体模型的结合提高了来源分配和贡献的准确性,有助于更好地进行环境管理。该综述强调需要标准化同位素库和复杂的建模工具来表征来源,从而改善来源分配并为城市污染的可持续控制策略提供信息。重点控制工业和车辆排放可能是减少稀土污染水平和人类接触的有效战略。
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引用次数: 0
Accumulation of toxic metals in sediments and oligochaetes around urban uncontrolled landfills in Kinshasa, DR Congo. 刚果民主共和国金沙萨城市垃圾填埋场周围沉积物和寡毛菌中有毒金属的积累。
IF 3.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-026-02980-9
Marie-Madeleine O Akonga, René V Gizanga, Dieudonné E Musibono, Fernando P Carvalho, John Poté, Emmanuel K Atibu

Urban uncontrolled landfills in Kinshasa generate metal-rich leachates that contaminate surrounding freshwater streams, sediments, and biota. To assess the extent of this contamination, sediment from six freshwater streams in Kinshasa (N'djili, Limete, Lemba, Selembao, Mont-Ngafula, Makala) were analyzed to assess contamination by heavy metals-including Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, Pb and Hg-and bioaccumulation in terrestrial (Lumbricus terrestris) and aquatic (Tubifex tubifex, Nais elinguis, Enchytraeus albidus) oligochaetes. Sediments were digested following the Swiss Federal Soil Ordinance (OSol 814.12) and analyzed using ICP-MS for metals and a Direct Mercury Analyzer (CV-AAS) for total Hg. Oligochaete tissues were freeze-dried, acid-digested (HNO3-HClO4), and analyzed using the same instrumentation. Sediment pollution levels were assessed using the Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF), contamination factor (CF), and the overall Ecological Risk Index (RI), while ecological thresholds were compared to the Canadian Sediment Quality Guidelines. Bioaccumulation factors (BAF) were calculated to quantify metal transfer from sediments to organisms. Sediments showed strong contamination at landfill-impacted sites, with Hg reaching 3.8 mg·kg⁻1 dry weight-far exceeding Canadian SQGs (TEL: 0.17 mg·kg⁻1) and PELs (0.486 mg·kg⁻1). Cu and Zn were also highly elevated (up to 687.9 and 995.3 mg·kg⁻1, respectively). RI values were highest at Limete (1014-3552.7), indicating very high ecological risk. Aquatic oligochaetes exhibited greater bioaccumulation than terrestrial species, with Hg up to 0.876 mg·kg⁻1 and Cu up to 93.1 mg·kg⁻1. High BAFs were observed, particularly for Cd (118.2 at Mont-Ngafula) and Sn (263.1 at Makala), confirming strong sediment-to-organism transfer. Fine, organic-rich sediments and proximity to landfill leachates were positively correlated with metal contamination and bioavailability.

金沙萨不受控制的城市垃圾填埋场产生了富含金属的渗滤液,污染了周围的淡水溪流、沉积物和生物群。为了评价金沙萨6条淡水河流(N’djili、limte、Lemba、Selembao、Mont-Ngafula、Makala)沉积物的污染程度,分析了重金属(Sc、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Mo、Cd、Sn、Sb、Pb和hg)对沉积物的污染程度以及在陆生(Lumbricus terrestris)和水生(Tubifex Tubifex、Nais elinguis、Enchytraeus albidus)少毛藻中的生物积累。根据瑞士联邦土壤条例(OSol 814.12)对沉积物进行消化,并使用ICP-MS分析金属,使用直接汞分析仪(CV-AAS)分析总汞。寡毛组织冷冻干燥,酸消化(HNO3-HClO4),并使用相同的仪器进行分析。沉积物污染水平采用地质累积指数(Igeo)、富集系数(EF)、污染系数(CF)和总体生态风险指数(RI)进行评估,并将生态阈值与加拿大沉积物质量指南进行比较。计算生物积累因子(BAF)来量化金属从沉积物到生物体的转移。在受垃圾填埋场影响的地区,沉积物中汞的含量高达3.8 mg·kg毒血症,远远超过加拿大的标准标准(标准毒血症毒血症:0.17 mg·kg毒血症)和加拿大的标准标准(标准标准毒血症:0.486 mg·kg毒血症)。Cu和Zn的浓度也很高(分别高达687.9和995.3 mg·kg⁻1)。limte的RI值最高(1014 ~ 3552.7),生态风险极高。水生寡毛菌比陆生寡毛菌表现出更大的生物积累,Hg高达0.876 mg·kg毒血症,Cu高达93.1 mg·kg毒血症。观察到高baf,特别是Cd(在mount - ngafula为118.2)和Sn(在Makala为263.1),证实了强烈的沉积物-生物转移。细粒、富有机物沉积物和靠近垃圾填埋场渗滤液与金属污染和生物利用度呈正相关。
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引用次数: 0
Geology and land use as key drivers for hydrogeochemistry in a mining district of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Brazil: implications for water management strategies. 巴西Quadrilátero Ferrífero矿区的地质和土地利用是水文地球化学的主要驱动因素:对水管理战略的影响。
IF 3.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-026-02989-0
Gabriel Negreiros Salomão, Normara Yane Mar da Costa Andrade, Gabriel Soares de Almeida, Rafael Tarantino Amarante, Roberto Dall'Agnol, Paulo Rógenes Monteiro Pontes, Prafulla Kumar Sahoo, Lucas Pereira Leão, Eduardo Duarte Marques, Emmanoel Vieira da Silva-Filho

This study investigated the hydrogeochemical characteristics of surface waters in the Congonhas Mineral District (CMD), located in the southern portion of Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Brazil. A total of 38 sites were monitored between 2021 and 2024 to understand seasonal and spatial variability across distinct lithologies and land uses. Hydrogeochemical patterns revealed dominant mixed bicarbonate facies associated with metavolcano-sedimentary terrains, while domains of granitoids exhibited alkali enrichment. Waters under the influence of larger Urban settlements were enriched in Na, Cl, sulfate, and nutrients. By integrating geospatial classification, seasonal sampling, and robust statistical techniques, we investigated the behavior of Fe and Mn, key elements influenced by both natural geological sources and mining activities. Reference values for geochemical background and baseline thresholds, based on samples from preserved and mixed land use areas, respectively, were estimated using three distinct statistical approaches. Among these, the upper tolerance limit (UTL) method was considered the most consistent and suitable. Spatial and seasonal patterns revealed elevated Fe and Mn levels during the rainy season, particularly in areas influenced by mining and urbanization. The proposed reference values provide a realistic basis for identifying contamination, and can give support for more realistic regulatory frameworks, and definition of strategies for water quality management. The obtained results highlight the relevance of tailored guidelines in mining contexts, where reference values adopted by regulatory agencies may not reflect local geochemical conditions.

本文研究了位于巴西Quadrilátero Ferrífero南部的Congonhas矿区(CMD)地表水的水文地球化学特征。在2021年至2024年期间,共监测了38个地点,以了解不同岩性和土地利用的季节和空间变化。水文地球化学模式显示出以变质火山-沉积地形为主的混合碳酸盐相,花岗岩类域表现出碱性富集。受较大城市住区影响的水域富含Na、Cl、硫酸盐和营养物质。通过整合地理空间分类、季节性采样和稳健的统计技术,我们研究了受自然地质来源和采矿活动影响的关键元素铁和锰的行为。地球化学背景和基线阈值的参考值分别基于保留土地利用区和混合土地利用区的样本,使用三种不同的统计方法进行估算。其中,上容限法(UTL)被认为是最一致、最合适的方法。空间和季节模式显示,雨季铁和锰水平升高,特别是在受采矿和城市化影响的地区。建议的参考值为确定污染提供了现实的基础,并可为更现实的监管框架和确定水质管理战略提供支持。获得的结果突出了在采矿环境中量身定制的指导方针的相关性,在这些环境中,监管机构采用的参考值可能无法反映当地的地球化学条件。
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引用次数: 0
Microbially-mediated biogenic Fe-Mn oxides for cadmium removal from aqueous solutions: characteristics and mechanisms. 微生物介导的生物源Fe-Mn氧化物去除水溶液中的镉:特性和机制。
IF 3.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-026-02999-y
Youwen Li, Jiangpeng Xue, Xinxin Zhao, Xueshuai Zhang, Shaohua Zhang, Hui Liu, Yuxin Zhang, Pengfei Chen

Cadmium (Cd) pollution poses a serious threat to aquatic environmental safety and sustainable agricultural development. Biogenic iron (Fe)-manganese (Mn) oxides (BFMO), mediated by Mn-oxidizing bacteria, are promising natural adsorbents for Cd removal. Although iron-manganese oxides have been widely studied for application in wastewater treatment, BFMO synthesized via a fully biologically driven process using novel strains still face limitations in terms of material structure and the availability of active sites. In this study, BFMO was synthesized using a newly isolated strain of Stenotrophomonas sp. Z-MRQA-3, and its mineralogical properties, Cd(II) immobilization performance, and underlying mechanisms were systematically investigated. The results demonstrated that BFMO possesses a high specific surface area (244.52 m2/g), a hierarchical porous structure, and abundant surface functional groups, which collectively contribute to its superior adsorption capacity. Under conditions of adsorbent dosage of 0.5 g/L, initial Cd(II) concentration of 50 mg/L, and pH 7.2, the removal efficiency of Cd(II) reached 96.52%, with an adsorption capacity of 80.83 mg/g. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model, with a theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of 89.29 mg/g. Mechanistic studies indicated that Cd(II) immobilization occurs mainly through surface complexation, ion exchange, and co-precipitation, facilitated by the redox-active multivalent Mn and oxygen-containing functional groups. This study aims to investigate the unique advantages of in situ synthesizing BFMO using specific bacterial strains. This work offers fundamental insights and practical prospects for developing green, efficient, and sustainable technologies for remediating Cd-contaminated water.

镉污染对水生环境安全和农业可持续发展构成严重威胁。由锰氧化菌介导的生物源铁(Fe)-锰(Mn)氧化物(BFMO)是一种很有前途的天然除镉吸附剂。虽然铁锰氧化物在废水处理中的应用已经得到了广泛的研究,但利用新型菌株通过完全生物驱动的工艺合成的BFMO在材料结构和活性位点的可用性方面仍然面临限制。本研究利用一株新分离的窄养单胞菌Z-MRQA-3合成BFMO,并对其矿物学性质、Cd(II)固定化性能及其机制进行了系统研究。结果表明,BFMO具有较高的比表面积(244.52 m2/g)、层次化的多孔结构和丰富的表面官能团,这些都是其优越的吸附能力的主要原因。在吸附剂投加量为0.5 g/L、初始Cd(II)浓度为50 mg/L、pH为7.2的条件下,对Cd(II)的去除率达到96.52%,吸附量为80.83 mg/g。吸附过程符合拟二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温模型,理论最大吸附量为89.29 mg/g。机理研究表明,Cd(II)的固定化主要通过表面络合、离子交换和共沉淀进行,其中氧化还原活性多价Mn和含氧官能团促进了固定化。本研究旨在探讨利用特定菌株原位合成BFMO的独特优势。这项工作为开发绿色、高效和可持续的cd污染水修复技术提供了基础见解和实践前景。
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Environmental Geochemistry and Health
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