A. Mieszkowska, J. Folkert, B. Burke, O. Addison, K. Gurzawska
Titanium has been used with success for bone anchoring of dental implants. However, when implant surfaces are exposed to the oral environment, the progression of peri-implantitis triggered by specific oral bacteria has been reported. Bacterial colonization of implants leads to prolonged immune cell activation and bone resorption. A new strategy to improve implant biocompatibility and prevent peri-implantitis is to develop pectin surface nanocoatings. These plant-derived polysaccharides are promising candidates for surface nanocoatings of titanium implants due to their osteogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of nanocoating with plant-derived rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) on pro- and anti-inflammatory responses of primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDMs) induced by Escherichia coli LPS and Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria. In the present study, two different types of surface materials, tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) plates and titanium (Ti) discs, coated with pectic polysaccharides, potato unmodified RG-I (PU) and potato dearabinanated RG-I (PA), have been examined. The inflammatory responses of HMDMs after E. coli LPS/P. gingivalis stimulation were investigated through gene expression measurements of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The results showed that PU and PA decreased expression of the proinflammatory genes tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFA), interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) and interleukin-8 (IL8) in activated HMDMs cultured on TCPS/Ti surfaces. In contrast, the effects on anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL10) gene expression were not significant. The results indicate that RG-Is should be considered as a candidate for organic nanocoatings of titanium implant surfaces in order to limit host proinflammatory responses and improve bone healing. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1250541
{"title":"Pectin coating of titanium and polystyrene surfaces modulates the macrophage inflammatory response","authors":"A. Mieszkowska, J. Folkert, B. Burke, O. Addison, K. Gurzawska","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1250541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1250541","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium has been used with success for bone anchoring of dental implants. However, when implant surfaces are exposed to the oral environment, the progression of peri-implantitis triggered by specific oral bacteria has been reported. Bacterial colonization of implants leads to prolonged immune cell activation and bone resorption. A new strategy to improve implant biocompatibility and prevent peri-implantitis is to develop pectin surface nanocoatings. These plant-derived polysaccharides are promising candidates for surface nanocoatings of titanium implants due to their osteogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of nanocoating with plant-derived rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) on pro- and anti-inflammatory responses of primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDMs) induced by Escherichia coli LPS and Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria. In the present study, two different types of surface materials, tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) plates and titanium (Ti) discs, coated with pectic polysaccharides, potato unmodified RG-I (PU) and potato dearabinanated RG-I (PA), have been examined. The inflammatory responses of HMDMs after E. coli LPS/P. gingivalis stimulation were investigated through gene expression measurements of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The results showed that PU and PA decreased expression of the proinflammatory genes tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFA), interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) and interleukin-8 (IL8) in activated HMDMs cultured on TCPS/Ti surfaces. In contrast, the effects on anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL10) gene expression were not significant. The results indicate that RG-Is should be considered as a candidate for organic nanocoatings of titanium implant surfaces in order to limit host proinflammatory responses and improve bone healing. \u0000DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1250541","PeriodicalId":11771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Biological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86371195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Zohri, G. Mahmoud, N. H. Saddek, Radwa A. Hanafy
Fungal synthesis of kojic acid has gained more interest in these days as an alternative way to chemical synthetic. The aspect of the microbial fermentation process is to develop a suitable culture medium to obtain the maximum amount of kojic acid using statistical methods. In this study; different selected three isolates of Aspergillus flavus (No 1, 2 and 3) were screened for their ability to produced kojic acid and the isolate No 3 was the highest kojic acid producer one. The capability of A. flavus No 3 to produce kojic acid was improved using Plackett-Burman design. From ten different agro-industrial wastes cane molasses recorded the highest kojic acid productivity with 2.24 g/l-1 day-1 and was the most effective parameter plays a crucial role in Plackett-Burman design. Maximum kojic acid production (24.65 g/l) by A. flavus (No. 3) obtained under the fermentation conditions: incubation temperature at 25oC, incubation time 9 days, pH 3, inoculum size 0.5%, shaking rate at 150 rpm and medium constituents: Cane molasses 60 g/l, yeast extract 7 g/l, KH2PO4 2 g/l, ZnSO4·7H2O 100 µg/l and MgSO4·7H2O 1 g/l with regression analysis (R2) 99.45% and 2.33-fold increase in comparison to the production of the original level (10.6 g/l). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1211517
{"title":"Optimization of kojic acid production conditions from cane molasses using Plackett-Burman design","authors":"A. A. Zohri, G. Mahmoud, N. H. Saddek, Radwa A. Hanafy","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1211517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1211517","url":null,"abstract":"Fungal synthesis of kojic acid has gained more interest in these days as an alternative way to chemical synthetic. The aspect of the microbial fermentation process is to develop a suitable culture medium to obtain the maximum amount of kojic acid using statistical methods. In this study; different selected three isolates of Aspergillus flavus (No 1, 2 and 3) were screened for their ability to produced kojic acid and the isolate No 3 was the highest kojic acid producer one. The capability of A. flavus No 3 to produce kojic acid was improved using Plackett-Burman design. From ten different agro-industrial wastes cane molasses recorded the highest kojic acid productivity with 2.24 g/l-1 day-1 and was the most effective parameter plays a crucial role in Plackett-Burman design. Maximum kojic acid production (24.65 g/l) by A. flavus (No. 3) obtained under the fermentation conditions: incubation temperature at 25oC, incubation time 9 days, pH 3, inoculum size 0.5%, shaking rate at 150 rpm and medium constituents: Cane molasses 60 g/l, yeast extract 7 g/l, KH2PO4 2 g/l, ZnSO4·7H2O 100 µg/l and MgSO4·7H2O 1 g/l with regression analysis (R2) 99.45% and 2.33-fold increase in comparison to the production of the original level (10.6 g/l). \u0000DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1211517","PeriodicalId":11771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Biological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77486990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
African countries have experienced nonconformance in the levels of pesticides for local consumption and export. Sometimes this leads to rejects and other forms of embarrassment from the importing countries. Economic challenge and lack of awareness heighten the overall cost of interventions in pesticide-related food safety management. For example, not a few of the infractions were a result of incorrect ways of pesticide application. The hazard accompanying chemical pesticide application has left open a window of biological alternatives which this review article seems to explore. The bio-alternatives, including green pesticides cancel out the adverse effect of residual chemicals on crops in farm and store and so make it more attractive. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1237542
{"title":"Pesticides and food safety in Africa","authors":"A. Adewunmi, S. Fapohunda","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1237542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1237542","url":null,"abstract":"African countries have experienced nonconformance in the levels of pesticides for local consumption and export. Sometimes this leads to rejects and other forms of embarrassment from the importing countries. Economic challenge and lack of awareness heighten the overall cost of interventions in pesticide-related food safety management. For example, not a few of the infractions were a result of incorrect ways of pesticide application. The hazard accompanying chemical pesticide application has left open a window of biological alternatives which this review article seems to explore. The bio-alternatives, including green pesticides cancel out the adverse effect of residual chemicals on crops in farm and store and so make it more attractive. \u0000DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1237542","PeriodicalId":11771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Biological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82573162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sekulya, A. Nandutu, A. Namutebi, J. Ssozi, M. Masanza, B. Kabod, J. Jagwe, A. Kasharu, D. Rees, E. Kizito
This study describes that in addition to the rich micronutrient value, indigenous vegetables are regarded as possessing medicinal attributes.
本研究描述了乡土蔬菜除了具有丰富的微量元素价值外，还被认为具有药用价值。
{"title":"Antioxidant potential of the farmer preferred selections of Solanum aethiopicum vegetable consumed in central Uganda","authors":"S. Sekulya, A. Nandutu, A. Namutebi, J. Ssozi, M. Masanza, B. Kabod, J. Jagwe, A. Kasharu, D. Rees, E. Kizito","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1195552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1195552","url":null,"abstract":"This study describes that in addition to the rich micronutrient value, indigenous vegetables are regarded as possessing medicinal attributes.","PeriodicalId":11771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Biological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81946321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Cunha, F. Daza, C. M. Filho, G. Veiga, F. A. Fonseca
Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory disease that develops around the hair follicle. Many are the interconnected etiopathogenic factors involved, among which we can mention the increase in levels of androgen hormones, sebum hypersecretion, follicular hyperkeratosis with microcomedo formation, the proliferation of the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes ( P . acnes ) and the resulting inflammatory response. The way this bacterial growth occurs and how it is connected with the development of the inflammatory process have been themes of many clinical and experimental trials. Modifications in the sebum composition lead to a greater proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes that obstruct the follicular ostium and favor the formation of comedones. On the other hand, these modifications alter the follicular hydration and facilitate the proliferation of the P . acnes , which not only produces chemotactic factors but also releases lipase that oxidizes the squalene. The oxidized squalene induces the formation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and boosts the innate immunity of keratinocytes and sebocytes, thus generating the inflammatory process. The aim of this study was to review the literature regarding the new concepts on the pathogenesis of acne.
{"title":"The relevance of sebum composition in the etiopathogeny of acne","authors":"M. Cunha, F. Daza, C. M. Filho, G. Veiga, F. A. Fonseca","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1184139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1184139","url":null,"abstract":"Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory disease that develops around the hair follicle. Many are the interconnected etiopathogenic factors involved, among which we can mention the increase in levels of androgen hormones, sebum hypersecretion, follicular hyperkeratosis with microcomedo formation, the proliferation of the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes ( P . acnes ) and the resulting inflammatory response. The way this bacterial growth occurs and how it is connected with the development of the inflammatory process have been themes of many clinical and experimental trials. Modifications in the sebum composition lead to a greater proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes that obstruct the follicular ostium and favor the formation of comedones. On the other hand, these modifications alter the follicular hydration and facilitate the proliferation of the P . acnes , which not only produces chemotactic factors but also releases lipase that oxidizes the squalene. The oxidized squalene induces the formation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and boosts the innate immunity of keratinocytes and sebocytes, thus generating the inflammatory process. The aim of this study was to review the literature regarding the new concepts on the pathogenesis of acne.","PeriodicalId":11771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Biological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77318083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purslane ( Portulaca oleracea ) one of the auxiliary plants was traditionally consumed in many parts of the world for its nutritional and medicinal benefits. The nutrient components of purslane such as total protein, total carbohydrates and mineral content such as macro elements (Na, K, Ca and Mg) and micro elements (Fe, Cu, Pb and Zn) were estimated at different concentrations of selenium which treated in soil where the plant cultivated. The protein and carbohydrate contents of leaves as well as protein of stems increase with increasing the selenium concentration, while protein and carbohydrate of roots as well as carbohydrate of stems decrease with increasing Se concentration. The mineral content was also affected by Se concentration, Fe, Cu and Zn of leaves decreased with increasing Se concentration, while K, Ca, Mg and Na are directly proportional with Se concentration. In stems, Zn only is inversely proportional with Se concentration. In roots, Fe, Cu, Mg and K are inversely proportional with Se concentration, while Na, Ca and Zn are directly proportional. The findings of this study revealed that carbohydrates, protein and mineral contents of purslane can be affected and controlled by selenium concentration.
{"title":"Effect of selenium on nutritive value of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.)","authors":"K. Gamal, H. Salama, S. Ismaiel","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1283418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1283418","url":null,"abstract":"Purslane ( Portulaca oleracea ) one of the auxiliary plants was traditionally consumed in many parts of the world for its nutritional and medicinal benefits. The nutrient components of purslane such as total protein, total carbohydrates and mineral content such as macro elements (Na, K, Ca and Mg) and micro elements (Fe, Cu, Pb and Zn) were estimated at different concentrations of selenium which treated in soil where the plant cultivated. The protein and carbohydrate contents of leaves as well as protein of stems increase with increasing the selenium concentration, while protein and carbohydrate of roots as well as carbohydrate of stems decrease with increasing Se concentration. The mineral content was also affected by Se concentration, Fe, Cu and Zn of leaves decreased with increasing Se concentration, while K, Ca, Mg and Na are directly proportional with Se concentration. In stems, Zn only is inversely proportional with Se concentration. In roots, Fe, Cu, Mg and K are inversely proportional with Se concentration, while Na, Ca and Zn are directly proportional. The findings of this study revealed that carbohydrates, protein and mineral contents of purslane can be affected and controlled by selenium concentration.","PeriodicalId":11771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Biological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85199854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Sunita, Pradeep Kumar, M. Khan, Sadaf, S. Husain, D. Singh
The helminthic infection are most common disease in different animals and in human beings, which affecting a large proportion of the world population. Helminthic infection can also affect millions of livestock resulting in considerable economic loss in domestic animals. For control of helminthic disease in different part of world are uses synthetic medicines which are very effective in curing helminthiasis, but it’s also causes a number of side effects. The continued uses of synthetic anthelmintic/larvicidal drugs are also causing a major drug resistance problem in several parasitic diseases. The plant derived crude products are less efficient with respect to cure of parasitic diseases but one relatively free from side effect. A large number of medicinal plants are traditionally uses to cure helminthiasis in developing countries. Thus, plant derived drugs are gaining a lot of attention for curing parasitic infection. There are several medicinal plants and their different crude products, organic extracts and active components have been scrutinized for using in various methods in helminthic/larvicidal infection control. The present reviews summarized the use of traditional medicinal plants and their different products further leads to evaluation of new researches.
{"title":"Anthelminthic/larvicidal activity of some common medicinal plants","authors":"K. Sunita, Pradeep Kumar, M. Khan, Sadaf, S. Husain, D. Singh","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1036819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1036819","url":null,"abstract":"The helminthic infection are most common disease in different animals and in human beings, which affecting a large proportion of the world population. Helminthic infection can also affect millions of livestock resulting in considerable economic loss in domestic animals. For control of helminthic disease in different part of world are uses synthetic medicines which are very effective in curing helminthiasis, but it’s also causes a number of side effects. The continued uses of synthetic anthelmintic/larvicidal drugs are also causing a major drug resistance problem in several parasitic diseases. The plant derived crude products are less efficient with respect to cure of parasitic diseases but one relatively free from side effect. A large number of medicinal plants are traditionally uses to cure helminthiasis in developing countries. Thus, plant derived drugs are gaining a lot of attention for curing parasitic infection. There are several medicinal plants and their different crude products, organic extracts and active components have been scrutinized for using in various methods in helminthic/larvicidal infection control. The present reviews summarized the use of traditional medicinal plants and their different products further leads to evaluation of new researches.","PeriodicalId":11771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Biological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82024088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Crop production is challenged in our world by increasing food demands, decrease natural resource bases and climatic change. Nowadays plant growth regulators works like fertilizers in increasing plant growth production efficiency and needed to produce in large industrial scale. Fermentation condition and medium constituents can significantly affect on the product production and designing an acceptable fermentation medium is critical importance. In this paper Fusarium sp. could be considered as promising indole-3-acetic acid producers with the ability to improve the production using statistical methods. The results showed that fermentation type, incubation temperature and L-tryptophan were the most influencing parameters on the production. Maximum IAA production by Fusarium oxysporum was 300.4 mg/l obtained under the fermentation conditions: temperature at 25 o C, incubation period 5 days, pH 7, inoculums size 2%, shaking rate at 150 rpm and medium constituents: Glucose 40 g/l, yeast extract 3 g/l, L-tryptophan 1 g/l, KH 2 PO 4 2 g/l, NaNO 3 4 g/l, MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.1 g/l with regression analysis (R 2 ) 99.67% and 2.12-fold increase in comparison to the production of the original level (142 mg/l).
粮食需求的增加、自然资源基础的减少和气候变化对全球农作物生产构成了挑战。植物生长调节剂与肥料一样具有提高植物生长生产效率的作用，需要大规模生产。发酵条件和培养基成分对产品的生产有重要影响，设计一种合适的发酵培养基至关重要。本文认为镰刀菌属具有提高吲哚-3-乙酸产量的潜力。结果表明，发酵方式、培养温度和l -色氨酸是影响产量最大的参数。最大IAA生产由尖孢镰刀菌为300.4 mg / l获得发酵条件:温度25 C o,潜伏期5天,pH值7,培养液大小2%,震动速度150 rpm和培养基成分:葡萄糖40 g / l,酵母提取物3 g / l色氨酸1 g / l, KH 2阿宝4 2 g / l,纳米3 4 g / l, MgSO 4·7 h 2 o 0.1 g / l与回归分析(R 2)增长99.67%和2.12倍比较原始的生产水平(142 mg / l)。
{"title":"Statistical optimization as a powerful tool for indole acetic acid production by Fusarium oxysporum","authors":"G. Mahmoud, H. Mostafa","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1012348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1012348","url":null,"abstract":"Crop production is challenged in our world by increasing food demands, decrease natural resource bases and climatic change. Nowadays plant growth regulators works like fertilizers in increasing plant growth production efficiency and needed to produce in large industrial scale. Fermentation condition and medium constituents can significantly affect on the product production and designing an acceptable fermentation medium is critical importance. In this paper Fusarium sp. could be considered as promising indole-3-acetic acid producers with the ability to improve the production using statistical methods. The results showed that fermentation type, incubation temperature and L-tryptophan were the most influencing parameters on the production. Maximum IAA production by Fusarium oxysporum was 300.4 mg/l obtained under the fermentation conditions: temperature at 25 o C, incubation period 5 days, pH 7, inoculums size 2%, shaking rate at 150 rpm and medium constituents: Glucose 40 g/l, yeast extract 3 g/l, L-tryptophan 1 g/l, KH 2 PO 4 2 g/l, NaNO 3 4 g/l, MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.1 g/l with regression analysis (R 2 ) 99.67% and 2.12-fold increase in comparison to the production of the original level (142 mg/l).","PeriodicalId":11771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Biological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86623402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scorpions belong to class: Arachnida, order: Scorpionida represented now by approximately 1500 species. These are one of the most ancient group of the animals on the earth conserving their morphology almost unaltered and are the most successful inhabitants of the earth. Scorpions when stimulated secrete venom which is a cocktail of variable concentration of neurotoxins, cardiotoxins, nephrotoxins, hemolytic toxins, phosphodiesterases, phospholipases, hyaluronidase, glucosaminoglycans, histamine, seratonin, tryptophan and cytokine releasers. According to an estimate, frequency of deaths caused by scorpion sting is higher in comparison to that of caused by snake-bite. Almost all of these lethal scorpions except Hemiscorpious species belong to scorpion family Buthidae comprising 500 species. Scorpion venoms show variable reactions in envenomated patients. However, closer the phylogenic relationship among the scorpions, more similar the immunological properties. Furthermore, various constituents of venom may act directly or indirectly and individually or synergistically to exert their effects. Scorpion stings cause a wide range of conditions from severe local skin reactions to neurologic, respiratory and cardiovascular collapse. Lethal members of Buthidae family include Buthus , Parabuthus , Mesobuthus , Tityus , Leiurus , Androctonus and Centruroides . Besides their lethal properties, scorpion venoms have some unique properties beneficial to mankind. These contain anti-insect, antimicrobial and anticancer properties and thus, can play a key role in the insect pest management programmes, treatment of microbial infection and in the treatment of various cancer types.
{"title":"Scorpion venom: pharmacological analysis and its applications","authors":"M. Chaubey","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.998076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.998076","url":null,"abstract":"Scorpions belong to class: Arachnida, order: Scorpionida represented now by approximately 1500 species. These are one of the most ancient group of the animals on the earth conserving their morphology almost unaltered and are the most successful inhabitants of the earth. Scorpions when stimulated secrete venom which is a cocktail of variable concentration of neurotoxins, cardiotoxins, nephrotoxins, hemolytic toxins, phosphodiesterases, phospholipases, hyaluronidase, glucosaminoglycans, histamine, seratonin, tryptophan and cytokine releasers. According to an estimate, frequency of deaths caused by scorpion sting is higher in comparison to that of caused by snake-bite. Almost all of these lethal scorpions except Hemiscorpious species belong to scorpion family Buthidae comprising 500 species. Scorpion venoms show variable reactions in envenomated patients. However, closer the phylogenic relationship among the scorpions, more similar the immunological properties. Furthermore, various constituents of venom may act directly or indirectly and individually or synergistically to exert their effects. Scorpion stings cause a wide range of conditions from severe local skin reactions to neurologic, respiratory and cardiovascular collapse. Lethal members of Buthidae family include Buthus , Parabuthus , Mesobuthus , Tityus , Leiurus , Androctonus and Centruroides . Besides their lethal properties, scorpion venoms have some unique properties beneficial to mankind. These contain anti-insect, antimicrobial and anticancer properties and thus, can play a key role in the insect pest management programmes, treatment of microbial infection and in the treatment of various cancer types.","PeriodicalId":11771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Biological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83067844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Walnut ( Juglans regia L.) is a deciduous tree of the Juglandaceae family. Beta-amylase (β-amylase, EC 3.2.1.2) is an enzyme that catalyses hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in polysaccharides. In this study; sequence, physicochemical, and three-dimensional analyses of predicted β-amylase 7-like protein in Juglans regia using various bioinformatic tools were conducted. The physicochemical properties of the predict β-amylase 7-like protein were analyzed by using ExPASy ProtParam tool that revealed the molecular weight (MW), Isoelectric Points ( pI ), total number of negatively charged residues (Asp + Glu), total number of positively charged residues (Arg + Lys), instability index, aliphatic index, and GRAVY (Grand Average of Hydropathy) values. Subcellular localization using CELLO v.2.5, putative phosphorylation sites using NetPhos 3.1 server, domain analysis using Pfam, and secondary structure prediction using SOPMA were accom-plished. To predict the 3D structure of the predict β-amylase 7-like protein, homology models were applied using PSIPRED, RAMPAGE, and PyMOL programs. The results of our study provide insight into fundamental characteristics of the predicted β-amylase 7-like protein in Juglans regia.
{"title":"In silico sequence analysis of predicted beta-amylase 7-like protein in Juglans regia L.","authors":"E. Sevindik","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.583137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.583137","url":null,"abstract":"Walnut ( Juglans regia L.) is a deciduous tree of the Juglandaceae family. Beta-amylase (β-amylase, EC 3.2.1.2) is an enzyme that catalyses hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in polysaccharides. In this study; sequence, physicochemical, and three-dimensional analyses of predicted β-amylase 7-like protein in Juglans regia using various bioinformatic tools were conducted. The physicochemical properties of the predict β-amylase 7-like protein were analyzed by using ExPASy ProtParam tool that revealed the molecular weight (MW), Isoelectric Points ( pI ), total number of negatively charged residues (Asp + Glu), total number of positively charged residues (Arg + Lys), instability index, aliphatic index, and GRAVY (Grand Average of Hydropathy) values. Subcellular localization using CELLO v.2.5, putative phosphorylation sites using NetPhos 3.1 server, domain analysis using Pfam, and secondary structure prediction using SOPMA were accom-plished. To predict the 3D structure of the predict β-amylase 7-like protein, homology models were applied using PSIPRED, RAMPAGE, and PyMOL programs. The results of our study provide insight into fundamental characteristics of the predicted β-amylase 7-like protein in Juglans regia.","PeriodicalId":11771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Biological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83595971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：