Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2025.104903
Ana Caroline Pimentel de Oliveira , Letícia Ramos Molica , Karen C.M. Moraes
Pesticides are used worldwide and cause several pathologies as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Steatosis is a mark of the disease beginning; however, the mechanisms by which pesticides act on this dysfunction require further understanding. Thus, this work presents a sensitive and responsive low-cost hepatic multicellular spheroid useful to detail metabolic routes in hepatic dysfunction. Using those spheroids, the effects of pesticides bromacil and terbacil were assessed. Pesticides doses near the acceptable daily intake in Brazil changes energetic, oxidative and the one-carbon metabolism. Moreover, pesticide-specific effects were observed as increased expression of FASN, PPARs, CYP1A1, AHR, DNMTs among others, and changes in the methylation pattern of DNA, RNA and histones. Combined, the results were alarming, considering the long-lasting effects of the evaluated pesticides in agriculture fields. In addition, we can suggest that our spheroid model could be useful for large scale investigation of the effects of pesticides in liver metabolism.
{"title":"Assessing the effects of uracil-based pesticides on hepatic metabolic dysfunctions in low-cost three-dimensional multicellular spheroids","authors":"Ana Caroline Pimentel de Oliveira , Letícia Ramos Molica , Karen C.M. Moraes","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pesticides are used worldwide and cause several pathologies as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Steatosis is a mark of the disease beginning; however, the mechanisms by which pesticides act on this dysfunction require further understanding. Thus, this work presents a sensitive and responsive low-cost hepatic multicellular spheroid useful to detail metabolic routes in hepatic dysfunction. Using those spheroids, the effects of pesticides bromacil and terbacil were assessed. Pesticides doses near the acceptable daily intake in Brazil changes energetic, oxidative and the one-carbon metabolism. Moreover, pesticide-specific effects were observed as increased expression of <em>FASN</em>, <em>PPAR</em>s, <em>CYP1A1</em>, <em>AHR</em>, <em>DNMT</em>s among others, and changes in the methylation pattern of DNA, RNA and histones. Combined, the results were alarming, considering the long-lasting effects of the evaluated pesticides in agriculture fields. In addition, we can suggest that our spheroid model could be useful for large scale investigation of the effects of pesticides in liver metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104903"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2025.104906
Humaira H. Rahman , Weston R. Stokey , Stuart H. Munson-McGee
Human exposure to per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) occurs from environmentally contaminated food and water. PFAS are a health concern because they are associated with various neurological, developmental, and endocrine disorders. Despite causes of infertility being equal, male causes are less studied, with etiologies ranging from genetic to anatomic to physiologic dysfunctions. This study aimed to investigate a correlation between six subtypes of PFAS with low male testosterone levels. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles 2013–2016 were utilized to assess serum PFAS and testosterone levels. This study observed age, marital status, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and diabetic status being significantly correlated with low testosterone levels. PFNA exposure was observed to have a strong inverse relationship with male testosterone levels in low/medium (ORs 0.518, 0.571, 0.322, 0.455) and low/high-medium exposure levels (ORs 0.262, 0.262, 0.321, and 0.310), indicating exposure-dependent effects on testosterone levels.
{"title":"Correlation of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure with testosterone levels in the male population","authors":"Humaira H. Rahman , Weston R. Stokey , Stuart H. Munson-McGee","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104906","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104906","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human exposure to per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances <strong>(</strong>PFAS) occurs from environmentally contaminated food and water. PFAS are a health concern because they are associated with various neurological, developmental, and endocrine disorders. Despite causes of infertility being equal, male causes are less studied, with etiologies ranging from genetic to anatomic to physiologic dysfunctions. This study aimed to investigate a correlation between six subtypes of PFAS with low male testosterone levels. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles 2013–2016 were utilized to assess serum PFAS and testosterone levels. This study observed age, marital status, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and diabetic status being significantly correlated with low testosterone levels. PFNA exposure was observed to have a strong inverse relationship with male testosterone levels in low/medium (ORs 0.518, 0.571, 0.322, 0.455) and low/high-medium exposure levels (ORs 0.262, 0.262, 0.321, and 0.310), indicating exposure-dependent effects on testosterone levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104906"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2025.104905
Hannah Flach, Marlen Kerner, Mert Tosun, Paolina Maier, Petra Dietmann, Karin Botzenhart, Susanne J. Kühl
The insecticide acetamiprid is a neonicotinoid still approved for outdoor use worldwide. For active use, there are formulations that contain other often unpublished co-formulants in addition to acetamiprid. This study investigated effects of four different acetamiprid formulations (Careo Rosenspray, Careo, Mospilan, Danjiri) in a concentration range of 0.01–100 mg a.i./L on embryonic development of Xenopus laevis. The formulations led to an increase in embryo mortality with LC50-values between 0.5 and 53.2 mg a.i./L depending on the formulation. At sublethal acetamiprid concentrations in Mospilan and Danjiri, the external appearance (body length, oedemas), the early neural development (eyes, heads, brains, cranial nerves) as well as the heart morphology and function were disturbed. Our results show that strict adherence to recommended handling and application conditions of acetamiprid formulations is essential to protect X. laevis. Therefore, pesticide risk assessment and approval renewal procedures must include commercially available combined formulations rather than solely evaluating the active ingredient.
{"title":"Effects of consumer-grade and commercial acetamiprid formulations on the embryonic development of the South African clawed frog Xenopus laevis","authors":"Hannah Flach, Marlen Kerner, Mert Tosun, Paolina Maier, Petra Dietmann, Karin Botzenhart, Susanne J. Kühl","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The insecticide acetamiprid is a neonicotinoid still approved for outdoor use worldwide. For active use, there are formulations that contain other often unpublished co-formulants in addition to acetamiprid. This study investigated effects of four different acetamiprid formulations (Careo Rosenspray, Careo, Mospilan, Danjiri) in a concentration range of 0.01–100 mg a.i./L on embryonic development of <em>Xenopus laevis</em>. The formulations led to an increase in embryo mortality with LC<sub>50</sub>-values between 0.5 and 53.2 mg a.i./L depending on the formulation. At sublethal acetamiprid concentrations in Mospilan and Danjiri, the external appearance (body length, oedemas), the early neural development (eyes, heads, brains, cranial nerves) as well as the heart morphology and function were disturbed. Our results show that strict adherence to recommended handling and application conditions of acetamiprid formulations is essential to protect <em>X. laevis</em>. Therefore, pesticide risk assessment and approval renewal procedures must include commercially available combined formulations rather than solely evaluating the active ingredient.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104905"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2025.104904
Xiaofeng Chen , Yucheng Zhu , Minghan Li , Chunyan Zhou , Fang Luo , Zechang Li , Jiangyu Zhang , Liguo Xing , Wei Liu
Acetamiprid (ACE), a Neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs), is highly selective for insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). However, increasing evidence of hazards was reported in mammals. We investigated the effects of ACE on both global DNA methylation and epigenetic change, transcriptomic dysregulation, and neural differentiation. ACE decreased AluYb8 methylation levels in human mesenchymal stem cells. TET2 expression was enhanced suggesting that it was involved in the active DNA demethylation caused by ACE. Global DNA methylation pattern identified 87 significant differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and transcriptomic analysis identified 385 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Pathways related to the psychiatric system, including Alzheimer's disease and TGF-β, were significantly enriched. ACE inhibited the expression of neurogenesis marker MAP2 and SNCA, which was repressed by TETs inhibitor Bobcat339. Our results suggested that exposure to ACE disturbed DNA methylation, and resulted in the impaired neural differentiation revealed by abnormal expression of neuronal and PD-related marker protein.
{"title":"Effects of acetamiprid on DNA methylation, transcriptomics, and neurogenesis in human mesenchymal stem cells","authors":"Xiaofeng Chen , Yucheng Zhu , Minghan Li , Chunyan Zhou , Fang Luo , Zechang Li , Jiangyu Zhang , Liguo Xing , Wei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acetamiprid (ACE), a Neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs), is highly selective for insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). However, increasing evidence of hazards was reported in mammals. We investigated the effects of ACE on both global DNA methylation and epigenetic change, transcriptomic dysregulation, and neural differentiation. ACE decreased AluYb8 methylation levels in human mesenchymal stem cells. TET2 expression was enhanced suggesting that it was involved in the active DNA demethylation caused by ACE. Global DNA methylation pattern identified 87 significant differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and transcriptomic analysis identified 385 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Pathways related to the psychiatric system, including Alzheimer's disease and TGF-β, were significantly enriched. ACE inhibited the expression of neurogenesis marker MAP2 and SNCA, which was repressed by TETs inhibitor Bobcat339. Our results suggested that exposure to ACE disturbed DNA methylation, and resulted in the impaired neural differentiation revealed by abnormal expression of neuronal and PD-related marker protein.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104904"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aftermath of air pollution comprising diesel exhaust on male reproduction necessitates comprehensive understanding. As an extension of our previous findings, the present study was designed to investigate the role of whole body exposure to filtered fraction of diesel exhaust on the male reproductive health of juvenile Wistar rats. The rats were subjected to clean air (CAG-J)/filtered diesel exhaust (FDG-J) exposure (n = 8/group) separately in an indigenously developed whole body exposure chamber, for 6 weeks (6 h/day and 5 days/week). Results showed a significant decline testicular weights, sperm concentration, % motility, serum testosterone, LH levels in serum and testes along with testicular GSTs with alterations in histoarchitecture of testicular tissue in FDG-J. Furthermore, we observed a significant increase in % sperm morphological defects, testicular testosterone, 17 β-estradiol, and serum prolactin. These findings demonstrate that disrupted endocrine regulation and oxidant/antioxidant balance can affect testicular function in younger males.
{"title":"Filtered diesel exhaust via whole body exposure disrupts male reproductive function through dysregulated endocrine axis and subdued testicular GSTs in juvenile Wistar rats","authors":"Swarnabha Sarkar , Aditya Dontham , Ravindran Revand , Abhishek Kandpal , Debabrata Dasgupta , Bahni Ray , Mayank Kumar , Asmita Patil","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aftermath of air pollution comprising diesel exhaust on male reproduction necessitates comprehensive understanding. As an extension of our previous findings, the present study was designed to investigate the role of whole body exposure to filtered fraction of diesel exhaust on the male reproductive health of juvenile Wistar rats. The rats were subjected to clean air (CAG-J)/filtered diesel exhaust (FDG-J) exposure (n = 8/group) separately in an indigenously developed whole body exposure chamber, for 6 weeks (6 h/day and 5 days/week). Results showed a significant decline testicular weights, sperm concentration, % motility, serum testosterone, LH levels in serum and testes along with testicular GSTs with alterations in histoarchitecture of testicular tissue in FDG-J. Furthermore, we observed a significant increase in % sperm morphological defects, testicular testosterone, 17 β-estradiol, and serum prolactin. These findings demonstrate that disrupted endocrine regulation and oxidant/antioxidant balance can affect testicular function in younger males.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104902"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siloxanes, common in cosmetics and personal care products, carry environmental and health risks due to persistence and bioaccumulation. This study measured 17 siloxanes in dust and human hair from a university campus in Hainan Province, China, confirming widespread contamination. In dust samples, the ƩSiloxane concentrations ranged from 58.6 to 12,359 ng/g, with ƩLinear significantly predominating over ƩCyclic. In human hair, ƩSiloxane concentrations ranged from 4.60 to 14,205 ng/g, also showing higher ƩLinear levels compared to ƩCyclic. The primary siloxanes in both matrices were L10, L9, and L11. Dust and hair siloxanes correlated significantly, identifying dust as a major source. Gender differences were observed, with female students showing higher siloxane concentrations in hair and greater exposure doses through dust ingestion (4.88 ng/kg bw/d) compared to male students (2.05 ng/kg bw/d). Given the higher exposure doses observed compared to other common organic pollutants, the potential health risks associated with siloxane exposure warrant further investigation.
{"title":"Occurrence, compositional profiles, and human exposure of siloxanes in dust and human hair from a university campus in Hainan, China","authors":"Wenming Chen, Xinmei Wang, Liying Wang, Yingxuan Wu, Jun Wu, Chuanbiao Xu, Jiliang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Siloxanes, common in cosmetics and personal care products, carry environmental and health risks due to persistence and bioaccumulation. This study measured 17 siloxanes in dust and human hair from a university campus in Hainan Province, China, confirming widespread contamination. In dust samples, the ƩSiloxane concentrations ranged from 58.6 to 12,359 ng/g, with ƩLinear significantly predominating over ƩCyclic. In human hair, ƩSiloxane concentrations ranged from 4.60 to 14,205 ng/g, also showing higher ƩLinear levels compared to ƩCyclic. The primary siloxanes in both matrices were L10, L9, and L11. Dust and hair siloxanes correlated significantly, identifying dust as a major source. Gender differences were observed, with female students showing higher siloxane concentrations in hair and greater exposure doses through dust ingestion (4.88 ng/kg bw/d) compared to male students (2.05 ng/kg bw/d). Given the higher exposure doses observed compared to other common organic pollutants, the potential health risks associated with siloxane exposure warrant further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104901"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2025.104900
Tiberiu M. Nita , David Vernez , Pascal Wild , Nelly Pitteloud , Nancy B. Hopf
Background
Male reproductive decline has been linked to phthalate exposure. Di-butyl phthalate isomers (DnBP and DiBP) are endocrine disruptors with inconsistent evidence regarding effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal/thyroid (HPG/T) axis.
Objective
To perform a dose-response meta-analysis of associations between DnBP and DiBP exposure and HPG/T-axis hormones.
Methods
Five databases were searched. The associations between urinary DBP metabolite concentrations (mono-n-butyl phthalate [MnBP], mono-iso-butyl phthalate [MiBP], or nonspecific DBP metabolites [∑DBPm]) and hormone levels (TT, fT, SHBG, LH, FSH, E2, INHB, and TSH) were analyzed using meta-regressions (unadjusted [UA], covariate-adjusted [CA], fertility-adjusted [FA]).
Results
From 10,410 records, 19 studies (N = 12,128) were considered. MiBP was negatively correlated with LH (UA: β=-0.117, p = 0.02; CA: β=-0.094, p = 0.012; FA: β=-0.125, p = 0.009), positively with E2 (CA: β=0.084, p = 0.045), and SHBG (CA: β=0.09, p = 0.034; FA: β=0.091, p = 0.015). MnBP was positively associated with TSH (UA: β=0.152, p = 0.001; CA: β=0.188, p = 0.006).
Conclusions
DBP-isomers exposure is associated with altered HPG/T-axis hormone levels.
{"title":"Urinary concentrations of di-butyl phthalate isomers and reproductive hormonal parameters in adult men: A systematic review with dose-response meta-analysis","authors":"Tiberiu M. Nita , David Vernez , Pascal Wild , Nelly Pitteloud , Nancy B. Hopf","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Male reproductive decline has been linked to phthalate exposure. Di-butyl phthalate isomers (DnBP and DiBP) are endocrine disruptors with inconsistent evidence regarding effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal/thyroid (HPG/T) axis.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To perform a dose-response meta-analysis of associations between DnBP and DiBP exposure and HPG/T-axis hormones.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Five databases were searched. The associations between urinary DBP metabolite concentrations (mono-n-butyl phthalate [MnBP], mono-iso-butyl phthalate [MiBP], or nonspecific DBP metabolites [∑DBPm]) and hormone levels (TT, fT, SHBG, LH, FSH, E2, INHB, and TSH) were analyzed using meta-regressions (unadjusted [UA], covariate-adjusted [CA], fertility-adjusted [FA]).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 10,410 records, 19 studies (N = 12,128) were considered. MiBP was negatively correlated with LH (UA: β=-0.117, p = 0.02; CA: β=-0.094, p = 0.012; FA: β=-0.125, p = 0.009), positively with E2 (CA: β=0.084, p = 0.045), and SHBG (CA: β=0.09, p = 0.034; FA: β=0.091, p = 0.015). MnBP was positively associated with TSH (UA: β=0.152, p = 0.001; CA: β=0.188, p = 0.006).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>DBP-isomers exposure is associated with altered HPG/T-axis hormone levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104900"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2025.104898
Marília Ladeira de Araújo , Jonas Carneiro Cruz , Nathália de Assis Aguilar Duarte , Lucas Cassulatti dos Santos , Bruno Alves Rocha , Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes , Fernando Barbosa Jr
Chronic mercury (Hg) exposure remains a major health concern in the Amazon. Exposure to Hg, Pb, Se, and the polymorphism of the SELENOP rs7579 gene was assessed in 494 adults from the Amazon. The BKMR method was applied, and the concentrations were 22 µg/L for Hg, 37 µg/L for Pb, and 171 µg/L for Se. Hg exposure was associated with numbness in the feet (OR = 1.38) and hands (OR = 1.37). The rs7579 polymorphism of the SELENOP gene (GA+AA) was associated with sleep disorders (OR = 1.53). BKMR analysis revealed that Hg was the main causative factor of neurobehavioral symptoms, with low inclusion probabilities for Pb, Se, and the SELENOP variant. No protective effect against Hg-induced neurobehavioral symptoms was observed. The rs7579 variant of the SELENOP gene was independently associated with sleep disorders. Chronic Hg exposure was associated with peripheral neuropathy, and SELENOP genetic variation influenced sleep disorders independently.
{"title":"Neurobehavioral effects of mercury, lead, and selenium co-exposure in the Brazilian amazon: Insights from bayesian mixture modeling and SELENOP genetic variation","authors":"Marília Ladeira de Araújo , Jonas Carneiro Cruz , Nathália de Assis Aguilar Duarte , Lucas Cassulatti dos Santos , Bruno Alves Rocha , Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes , Fernando Barbosa Jr","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic mercury (Hg) exposure remains a major health concern in the Amazon. Exposure to Hg, Pb, Se, and the polymorphism of the <em>SELENOP</em> rs7579 gene was assessed in 494 adults from the Amazon. The BKMR method was applied, and the concentrations were 22 µg/L for Hg, 37 µg/L for Pb, and 171 µg/L for Se. Hg exposure was associated with numbness in the feet (OR = 1.38) and hands (OR = 1.37). The rs7579 polymorphism of the <em>SELENOP</em> gene (GA+AA) was associated with sleep disorders (OR = 1.53). BKMR analysis revealed that Hg was the main causative factor of neurobehavioral symptoms, with low inclusion probabilities for Pb, Se, and the <em>SELENOP</em> variant. No protective effect against Hg-induced neurobehavioral symptoms was observed. The rs7579 variant of the <em>SELENOP</em> gene was independently associated with sleep disorders. Chronic Hg exposure was associated with peripheral neuropathy, and <em>SELENOP</em> genetic variation influenced sleep disorders independently.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104898"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145727794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-07DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2025.104899
Patricia Rolo , João L.T. Pestana , Diana Campos
UV filters are contaminants of emerging concern, acting as endocrine disruptors, and altering the normal development of living organisms. Due to their lipophilic properties, they accumulate in aquatic sediments, endangering epibenthic organisms such as planarians. We aimed to assess the sensitivity of Girardia tigrina to two organic UV filters, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (BP-3, Benzophenone-3) and 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC, Enzacamene), by evaluating mortality, behavioural activity, cephalic regeneration after decapitation, and biochemical endpoints. A 96-hour LC50 s of 1483 µg/L and 1653 µg/L were estimated for BP-3 and 4-MBC, respectively. Sublethal concentrations of both compounds impaired planarian cephalic regeneration; BP-3 induced a delay in auricles regeneration, while 4-MBC delayed both photoreceptors and auricles regeneration. Locomotion significantly decreased in planarians exposed to 4-MBC, while BP-3 exposure did not induce locomotion alterations in G. tigrina. Moreover, induced phase II detoxifying enzyme (measured through Glutathione-S-transferase activity) was also observed in 4-MBC exposure, possibly mitigating oxidative damage, while BP-3 exposure caused oxidative damage (increased lipid peroxidation levels). Exposure to both compounds led to a reduction in acetylcholinesterase activity, showing evidence of neurotoxicity. Even though this study reported deleterious effects in exposed G. tigrina, the concentrations at which effects were reported are still higher than those usually reported in the freshwater environment. However, we would like to emphasise the importance of such studies in supporting the regulation and environmentally safe use of sunscreen products.
紫外线过滤器是新兴关注的污染物，作为内分泌干扰物，并改变生物体的正常发育。由于它们的亲脂性，它们积聚在水生沉积物中，危及像涡虫这样的底栖生物。我们旨在通过评估死亡率、行为活性、斩首后头再生和生化终点来评估虎Girardia tigrina对2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮（BP-3，二苯甲酮-3）和4-甲基苄基樟脑（4-MBC, Enzacamene）两种有机紫外线过滤器的敏感性。BP-3和4-MBC的96小时lc50分别为1483µg/L和1653µg/L。这两种化合物的亚致死浓度损害了涡虫的头再生；BP-3诱导耳廓再生延迟，而4-MBC同时延迟光感受器和耳廓再生。暴露于4-MBC的涡虫的运动能力显著降低，而BP-3暴露未引起大鼠的运动能力改变。此外，在4-MBC暴露中也观察到诱导II期解毒酶（通过谷胱甘肽- s -转移酶活性测量），可能减轻氧化损伤，而BP-3暴露引起氧化损伤（增加脂质过氧化水平）。暴露于这两种化合物导致乙酰胆碱酯酶活性降低，显示出神经毒性的证据。尽管本研究报告了暴露的绿螺旋藻的有害影响，但报告的影响浓度仍然高于通常在淡水环境中报告的浓度。然而，我们想强调这些研究在支持防晒霜产品的监管和环境安全使用方面的重要性。
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Pub Date : 2025-12-06DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2025.104893
Reyes-Zavala Axel , Pérez-Vázquez Francisco Javier , Fernández-Macias Juan-Carlos , Barbier Olivier , Ortega-Romero Manolo , Saldaña-Villanueva Kelvin , Méndez-Rodríguez Karen Beatriz
Artisanal brick-making exposes workers to mixtures of environmental contaminants under precarious conditions. This study assessed exposure to PAHs, arsenic, fluoride, lead, and their associations with early kidney damage biomarkers in 109 adults from three brick-making communities in central Mexico. Urinary and blood concentrations of contaminants were measured using validated analytical methods, and renal biomarkers (CYS-C, B2M, OPN, KIM-1, NGAL) were quantified via multiplex ELISA. Median urinary concentrations of 1-OH-PYR (1.3–2.3 µmol/mol uCr), arsenic (20.8–45.3 µg/L), and fluoride (1.6–2.6 mg/g uCr) exceeded reference values in a substantial proportion of participants. Cystatin-C and osteopontin showed significant associations with arsenic, fluoride, and PAH metabolites, including nonlinear relationships. No consistent associations were found for NGAL or KIM-1. These findings provide evidence of early renal alterations related to environmental exposures and support the utility of early-effect biomarkers for public health surveillance in vulnerable populations exposed to nephrotoxic mixtures under informal occupational conditions.
手工制砖使工人在危险的条件下暴露于环境污染物的混合物中。本研究评估了来自墨西哥中部三个制砖社区的109名成年人暴露于多环芳烃、砷、氟化物、铅及其与早期肾损伤生物标志物的关系。采用验证的分析方法测量尿和血中污染物浓度，并通过多重ELISA定量肾脏生物标志物（CYS-C、B2M、OPN、KIM-1、NGAL）。在相当大比例的参与者中，1- o - pyr（1.3-2.3µmol/mol uCr）、砷（20.8-45.3 µg/L）和氟化物（1.6-2.6 mg/g uCr）的尿中浓度超过参考值。胱氨酸抑素c和骨桥蛋白与砷、氟化物和多环芳烃代谢产物有显著相关性，包括非线性关系。没有发现NGAL或KIM-1的一致关联。这些发现提供了与环境暴露相关的早期肾脏改变的证据，并支持在非正式职业条件下暴露于肾毒性混合物的弱势群体中，早期效应生物标志物在公共卫生监测中的效用。
{"title":"Assessment of early kidney function biomarkers and environmental exposure to contaminant mixtures in Mexican brick-making workers under precarious labor conditions","authors":"Reyes-Zavala Axel , Pérez-Vázquez Francisco Javier , Fernández-Macias Juan-Carlos , Barbier Olivier , Ortega-Romero Manolo , Saldaña-Villanueva Kelvin , Méndez-Rodríguez Karen Beatriz","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artisanal brick-making exposes workers to mixtures of environmental contaminants under precarious conditions. This study assessed exposure to PAHs, arsenic, fluoride, lead, and their associations with early kidney damage biomarkers in 109 adults from three brick-making communities in central Mexico. Urinary and blood concentrations of contaminants were measured using validated analytical methods, and renal biomarkers (CYS-C, B2M, OPN, KIM-1, NGAL) were quantified via multiplex ELISA. Median urinary concentrations of 1-OH-PYR (1.3–2.3 µmol/mol uCr), arsenic (20.8–45.3 µg/L), and fluoride (1.6–2.6 mg/g uCr) exceeded reference values in a substantial proportion of participants. Cystatin-C and osteopontin showed significant associations with arsenic, fluoride, and PAH metabolites, including nonlinear relationships. No consistent associations were found for NGAL or KIM-1. These findings provide evidence of early renal alterations related to environmental exposures and support the utility of early-effect biomarkers for public health surveillance in vulnerable populations exposed to nephrotoxic mixtures under informal occupational conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104893"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145689825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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