Environmental toxicology and pharmacology最新文献_第2页

Corrigendum to “Causal, predictive or observational? Different understandings of key event relationships for adverse outcome pathways and their implications on practice” [Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 113 (2025) 104597] “因果、预测还是观察？”对不良结果通路关键事件关系的不同理解及其对实践的影响”[Environ。Toxicol。药学。113 (2025)104597]

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2026.104953

Zheng Zhou, Jeroen L.A. Pennings, Ullrika Sahlin

引用次数: 0

Chemical profiling, cytogenotoxic effect and systemic alterations in Clarias gariepinus exposed to a municipal dumpsite soil simulated leachate 暴露于城市垃圾场土壤模拟渗滤液中的加里平Clarias gariepinus的化学分析、细胞基因毒性效应和系统变化

IF 4.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2026.104951

Andrew Omachoko Onoja , Grace Temitope Obarombi , Ursula Ugonna Odo , Paul Bassey Arikpo , Linus Sule Egwu , Christopher Didigwu Nwani

Solid waste dumpsites are significant sources of emerging contaminants with ecological and public health implications. This study assessed the cytogenotoxic and systemic effects of simulated leachate from the Obajana dumpsite, Kogi State, Nigeria, using juvenile Clarias gariepinus. Leachate physicochemical properties, metal concentrations, and leachate pollution index (LPI) were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) while organic pollutants were quantified using gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization detector (GC–FID). Fifty fish were assigned to five groups (n = 10) and exposed to 0, 15, 25, 50, and 75 % (v/v) leachate under semi-static conditions for 28 days with 48 h renewal. Bioaccumulation of pollutants in gills was quantified by ICP-MS and GC-FID. Haematological, biochemical, oxidative stress, genotoxic, and histopathological responses were also evaluated following standard protocols. The leachate exhibited elevated biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (112.33 mg/L), chemical oxygen demand (COD; 186.58 mg/L), turbidity (28.9 NTU), alkalinity (2800 mg/L), Manganese (Mn; 291.34 mg/L), and iron (Fe; 65.79 mg/L), with a high LPI (53.99). Exposure caused concentration dependent increases in metals accumulation in gills, accompanied by altered blood indices, elevated liver enzymes, oxidative stress, micronuclei formation, and severe gill lesions. These findings demonstrate significant toxicity of Obajana dumpsite leachate, highlighting risks associated with unmanaged solid waste disposal.

固体废物倾倒场是具有生态和公共卫生影响的新出现污染物的重要来源。本研究评估了来自尼日利亚科吉州奥巴贾纳垃圾场的模拟渗滤液的细胞基因毒性和系统效应，使用的是小克拉丽亚斯。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）测定渗滤液理化性质、金属浓度和渗滤液污染指数（LPI），采用气相色谱-火焰离子化检测器（GC-FID）定量有机污染物。50尾鱼被分为5组（n = 10），分别在半静态条件下暴露于0、15、25、50和75% % （v/v）的渗滤液中28天，更新48 h。采用ICP-MS和GC-FID测定污染物在鳃中的生物积累。血液学、生化、氧化应激、基因毒性和组织病理学反应也按照标准方案进行评估。渗滤液生化需氧量（BOD）（112.33 mg/L）、化学需氧量（COD; 186.58 mg/L）、浊度（28.9 NTU）、碱度（2800 mg/L）、锰（Mn; 291.34 mg/L）、铁（Fe; 65.79 mg/L）升高，LPI较高（53.99）。暴露引起鳃中金属积累的浓度依赖性增加，并伴有血液指标改变、肝酶升高、氧化应激、微核形成和严重的鳃损伤。这些发现证明了奥巴贾纳垃圾场渗滤液的显著毒性，突出了与未经管理的固体废物处置相关的风险。

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引用次数: 0

Permethrin decreased insulin secretion and the expression of proteins linked to metabolism and exocytosis in INS832/3 pancreatic beta cells 氯菊酯降低INS832/3胰腺β细胞胰岛素分泌及代谢和胞吐相关蛋白表达

IF 4.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2026.104952

Nela Pavlikova, Jan Sramek, Kamila Balusikova, Vlasta Nemcova

Permethrin, a widely used pyrethroid insecticide, has been suspected of contributing to metabolic disturbances, insulin resistance, and diabetes, but its effect on pancreatic beta cells has never been investigated. We evaluated the impact of one-week exposure to sublethal concentrations (1 μM and 10 μM) of permethrin on the function and viability of INS832/3 pancreatic beta cells. Permethrin significantly decreased glucose- and KCl-stimulated insulin secretion despite only a partial reduction in intracellular insulin levels. It also altered the expression of proteins involved in glucose metabolism, energy sensing, lipid storage and exocytosis machinery, suggesting a multifaceted impairment of cell functioning. A comparative analysis using HepG2 liver cells revealed tissue-specific responses. This is the first report showing that permethrin exposure decreases insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells. This data can help to better evaluate the risk assessment of permethrin as a potential endocrine disruptor that may increase the risk of diabetes.

氯菊酯是一种广泛使用的拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂，被怀疑会导致代谢紊乱、胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病，但其对胰腺细胞的影响从未被研究过。我们评估了暴露于亚致死浓度（1 μM和10 μM）的氯菊酯一周对INS832/3胰腺β细胞功能和活力的影响。氯菊酯显著降低葡萄糖和氯化钾刺激的胰岛素分泌，尽管细胞内胰岛素水平仅部分降低。它还改变了参与葡萄糖代谢、能量感知、脂质储存和胞吐机制的蛋白质的表达，表明细胞功能受到多方面的损害。使用HepG2肝细胞的比较分析揭示了组织特异性反应。这是首次有报告显示，接触氯菊酯会减少胰腺细胞分泌胰岛素。这些数据有助于更好地评估氯菊酯作为可能增加糖尿病风险的潜在内分泌干扰物的风险评估。

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引用次数: 0

Comparing qsar models of ionic liquid toxicity for different microorganisms to design environmentally friendly ionic liquids and elucidate mechanisms of toxicity 比较不同微生物离子液体毒性的qsar模型，设计环境友好型离子液体，阐明其毒性机制

IF 4.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2026.104950

F.J. Hernández-Fernández , J. Hernández-Fernández , L.J. Lozano , E. Iniesta-López , A. Hernández-Fernández , J. Quesada-Medina , V. Caballero , A.P. de los Ríos

The increasing interest in ionic liquids (ILs) as alternative solvents for biocatalytic and industrial applications is limited by concerns regarding their potential toxicity. In this study, we compiled one of the most comprehensive ecotoxicity datasets to date for Vibrio fischeri, Daphnia magna, and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Using Partial Least Squares (PLS)-based Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship (QSAR) models, we established predictive correlations between IL structural features and ecotoxicity. The models demonstrated high robustness and predictive power, enabling identification of key molecular descriptors driving toxicity. Results consistently indicate that longer alkyl side chains in cations, higher hydrophobicity, and aromatic ring structures are associated with increased toxicity, whereas the incorporation of heteroatoms (O, OH, CN) or non-aromatic rings reduces toxicity. Anions generally exert a lower influence compared to cations, although certain highly fluorinated species substantially increase toxicity. The comparative analysis across microorganisms highlights both shared and species-specific structural determinants. These findings provide valuable insights into IL toxicity mechanisms, particularly the role of membrane accumulation and disruption, and establish design rules for the development of safer, environmentally benign ionic liquids suitable for green chemistry and biotechnological processes.

离子液体（ILs）作为生物催化和工业应用的替代溶剂日益增加的兴趣受到对其潜在毒性的担忧的限制。在这项研究中，我们编制了迄今为止最全面的菲氏弧菌、大水蚤和亚capitata伪kirchneriella生态毒性数据集。利用基于偏最小二乘（PLS）的定量构效关系（QSAR）模型，我们建立了IL结构特征与生态毒性之间的预测相关性。该模型具有较高的鲁棒性和预测能力，能够识别驱动毒性的关键分子描述符。结果一致表明，阳离子中较长的烷基侧链，较高的疏水性和芳香环结构与毒性增加有关，而杂原子（O， OH， CN）或非芳香环的掺入则降低毒性。与阳离子相比，阴离子的影响通常较低，尽管某些高氟化物种会大大增加毒性。跨微生物的比较分析突出了共享和物种特异性结构决定因素。这些发现为IL毒性机制提供了有价值的见解，特别是膜积累和破坏的作用，并为开发更安全、环境友好的离子液体建立了设计规则，适用于绿色化学和生物技术过程。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring novel biomarkers for endocrine disruptor exposure: insights into extra-nuclear signaling pathways of estrogen and androgen receptors 探索内分泌干扰物暴露的新生物标志物：对雌激素和雄激素受体核外信号通路的见解

IF 4.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2026.104949

Manuela Cipolletti , Ilaria Campesi , Marco Pellegrini , Marco Fiocchetti , Filippo Acconcia , Maria Marino

Synthetic chemicals classified as endocrine disruptors (EDs) pose health risks by interfering with sex-steroid hormone signaling. This study evaluated bisphenol A (BPA) for its effects on ERα, ERβ, and AR expression and extranuclear signaling, including ERα phosphorylation, in human monocytes from healthy male and female donors, and assessed ten additional chemicals in ERα-positive breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, T47D). BPA increased ERα phosphorylation in both male and female monocytes without altering receptor levels, while modulating downstream signaling in a sex-dependent manner and attenuating DHT- or E2-induced effects. The ten other chemicals similarly enhanced ERα phosphorylation, often independently of direct receptor binding. These findings indicate that ERα phosphorylation is a sensitive, early marker of ED activity across immune and epithelial cells and support its use as a receptor-proximal endpoint to complement conventional transcription-based assays in next-generation ED screening strategies.

被归类为内分泌干扰物（EDs）的合成化学品通过干扰性类固醇激素信号而构成健康风险。本研究评估了双酚A （BPA）对来自健康男性和女性供体的人单核细胞中ERα、ERβ、AR表达和核外信号传导的影响，包括ERα磷酸化，并评估了ERα阳性乳腺癌细胞系（MCF-7, T47D）中的十种其他化学物质。BPA在不改变受体水平的情况下增加了雄性和雌性单核细胞的ERα磷酸化，同时以性别依赖的方式调节下游信号，并减弱DHT或e2诱导的作用。其他十种化学物质类似地增强ERα磷酸化，通常独立于直接受体结合。这些发现表明，ERα磷酸化是免疫细胞和上皮细胞中ED活性的一个敏感的早期标记，并支持其作为受体近端终点，在下一代ED筛查策略中补充传统的基于转录的检测。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of environmental particulates on zebrafish embryo development and gene expression 环境颗粒物对斑马鱼胚胎发育及基因表达的影响

IF 4.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2026.104948

Pinnakarn Techapichetvanich , Varissara Chantho , Siwapech Sillapaprayoon , Chatchai Muanprasat , Phisit Khemawoot , Wittaya Pimtong

Particulate matter (PM) poses risks to environmental and human health, yet its toxicity mechanisms in aquatic organisms remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of 2 PM types, a standard reference material (S-PM10, NIST, USA) and particulates from the Mae Moh Power Plant, Thailand (MMPS), on zebrafish embryo development and gene expression. Embryos were exposed to various concentrations, and mortality, hatching rates, and morphological abnormalities were assessed. S-PM10, with irregular morphology and broad particle size, induced developmental defects and reduced hatching. MMPS, characterized by uniform, spherical particles, caused higher mortality. qRT-PCR revealed that S-PM10 significantly upregulated oxidative stress (sod1, gstp2) and apoptosis (bax, casp3a) genes. In contrast, MMPS downregulated oxidative stress markers but upregulated apoptosis-related genes. These results suggest particle morphology and size influence toxicity profiles, S-PM10 triggers developmental disruption, while MMPS induces acute lethality. This study underscores the importance of particle characteristics and molecular responses in evaluating PM toxicity.

颗粒物（PM）对环境和人类健康构成风险，但其对水生生物的毒性机制尚不清楚。本研究探讨了2种 PM类型、标准对照物质（S-PM10， NIST， USA）和来自泰国Mae Moh电厂（MMPS）的颗粒物对斑马鱼胚胎发育和基因表达的影响。胚胎暴露于不同浓度，并评估死亡率，孵化率和形态异常。S-PM10形态不规则，粒径较大，可诱导发育缺陷，降低孵化率。MMPS的特点是均匀的球形颗粒，导致更高的死亡率。qRT-PCR结果显示，S-PM10显著上调氧化应激（sod1, gstp2）和凋亡（bax, casp3a）基因。相反，MMPS下调氧化应激标志物，但上调凋亡相关基因。这些结果表明，颗粒形态和大小影响毒性谱，S-PM10触发发育中断，而MMPS诱导急性致死。这项研究强调了颗粒特性和分子反应在评估PM毒性中的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of nickel oxide nanoparticles and minor temperature changes on cytotoxic, antioxidant, reproductive, and genotoxic responses in gonadal Oncorhynchus mykiss cells 氧化镍纳米颗粒和微小温度变化对性腺Oncorhynchus mykiss细胞的细胞毒、抗氧化、生殖和遗传毒性反应的影响

IF 4.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2026.104941

Semra Çi̇çek , Sevda Işık

Understanding the combined effects of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) and minor temperature changes is urgent for assessing the possible risks to aquatic organisms under global climate change and nanoparticle-associated environmental stressors. This study investigated the cytotoxic, antioxidant, reproductive and genotoxic responses of Oncorhynchus mykiss gonadal (RTG-2) cells following exposure to NiO NPs (25–250 µg/mL) under minor temperature changes (23°C, 24°C, and 25°C) for 24 and 48 h. Our results show that the toxicity induced by cubic crystal NiO NPs (10–40 nm) was strongly modulated by both temperature and exposure time. The highest toxicity (83.49 % cell death) was observed at 100 µg/mL after 48 h at 25°C. After 48 h of exposure, NiO NP treatment led to 4.7-fold and 4.4-fold increases in sod1 gene expression at 24°C compared with 23°C and 25°C, respectively. In contrast, sod2 and gpx1a gene expressions at 24°C were 2.3-fold and 7.3-fold lower than that at 23°C, respectively. Similarly, bol gene expression was decreased by 12.4-fold and 11.4-fold at 24°C and 25°C, respectively, compared with that at 23°C. Compared with the control treatment, the NiO NP treatment increased the tail DNA percentage by 46.29 %, 42.61 % and 37.75 % compared to the control groups at 23°C, 24°C and, 25℃, respectively. These results indicate that minor environmental temperature changes can significantly alter nanoparticle toxicity by disrupting oxidative and genetic defense pathways and highlight the need for revised nanoparticle risk assessments under climate change scenarios.

了解氧化镍纳米颗粒（NiO NPs）和微小温度变化的联合效应，对于评估全球气候变化和纳米颗粒相关环境胁迫因素对水生生物可能造成的风险是迫切需要的。本研究研究了NiO NPs（25 - 250 µg/mL）在23°C、24°C和25°C的温度变化下暴露24和48 h后，Oncorhynchus mykiss性腺（RTG-2）细胞的细胞毒、抗氧化、生殖和遗传毒性反应。我们的研究结果表明，立方晶体NiO NPs（10-40 nm）诱导的毒性受到温度和暴露时间的强烈调节。25℃作用48 h后，浓度为100 µg/mL，毒性最高，细胞死亡率为83.49 %。暴露48 h后，NiO NP处理导致24°C下sod1基因表达量分别比23°C和25°C下增加4.7倍和4.4倍。相比之下，sod2和gpx1a基因在24°C下的表达量分别比23°C时低2.3倍和7.3倍。同样，与23°C相比，24°C和25°C的bol基因表达量分别降低了12.4倍和11.4倍。与对照组相比，NiO NP处理在23℃、24℃和25℃下分别提高了46.29 %、42.61 %和37.75 %的尾DNA百分比。这些结果表明，微小的环境温度变化可以通过破坏氧化和遗传防御途径显著改变纳米颗粒的毒性，并强调了在气候变化情景下修订纳米颗粒风险评估的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

N-acetylcysteine reduces incidence and duration of linezolid-associated thrombocytopenia in critically ill patients: A randomized controlled trial n -乙酰半胱氨酸减少危重患者利奈唑胺相关血小板减少症的发生率和持续时间：一项随机对照试验

IF 4.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2026.104944

Mohamed Abdeltawab , Abdel-Hameed Ebid , Osama Ahmed , Mohamed A. Mobarez , Mahmoud Ibrahim

Linezolid-associated thrombocytopenia (LAT) limits its use in critically ill patients. This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial evaluated intravenous N-acetylcysteine (IV NAC) for LAT prevention in 250 critically ill adults receiving linezolid for ≥ 48 h. Patients received IV NAC (600 mg every 12 h) or placebo. The primary endpoint was LAT incidence (platelet count <150 × 10 ³/mm³ or >50 % reduction from baseline). NAC significantly reduced LAT incidence (16.8 % vs. 41.6 %; p < 0.001), platelet transfusions (1.6 % vs. 11.2 %; p = 0.003), and linezolid discontinuations (6.4 % vs. 32.0 %; p < 0.001). NAC delayed LAT onset (adjusted hazard ratio 0.24; p < 0.001) and accelerated platelet recovery (adjusted hazard ratio 3.88; p = 0.011), with greatest benefit in moderate-severity cases. These findings suggest IV NAC may offer a preventive benefit against LAT in critically ill patients, though multicenter validation is needed to confirm generalizability across diverse clinical settings.

Clinical Trial Registration

https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05944458. Registered on July 6, 2023.

利奈唑胺相关性血小板减少症（LAT）限制了其在危重患者中的应用。这项双盲、随机、安慰剂对照试验评估了静脉注射n -乙酰半胱氨酸（IV NAC）对250名接受利奈唑胺治疗≥ 48 h的危重成人LAT的预防作用。患者接受静脉注射NAC（600 mg / 12 h）或安慰剂。主要终点是LAT发生率（血小板计数<；150 × 10 ³/mm³或较基线减少>； 50% %）。NAC发生率显著降低LAT(16.8 % 41.6 vs %;p & lt; 0.001),血小板输血(1.6 % 11.2 vs %;p = 0.003),和linezolid中止(6.4 % 32.0 vs %;p & lt; 0.001)。NAC延迟LAT发病（校正风险比0.24;p <； 0.001）和加速血小板恢复（校正风险比3.88;p = 0.011），在中度重症病例中获益最大。这些发现表明，IV NAC可能为危重患者提供预防LAT的益处，尽管需要多中心验证以确认在不同临床环境中的普遍性。临床试验注册https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05944458。注册日期：2023年7月6日

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引用次数: 0

Red Aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolia)-based zinc oxide nanoparticles: A green approach to combat fish pathogens 基于红蜘蛛（Schinus terebinthifolius）的氧化锌纳米粒子：一种对抗鱼类病原体的绿色方法

IF 4.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2026.104946

Cindy C.M. Santos , Peterson E.G. Paixão , Juliana O. Meneses , Joel A.R. Dias , Amanda S. Carvalho , Hugo Leandro dos Santos , Thigna de Carvalho Batista , Patricia Severino , Eliana B. Souto , Juliana C. Cardoso , Rodrigo Y. Fujimoto

Aquaculture production is often linked to improper use of chemotherapeutic agents for pathogen control, leading to adverse effects in organisms and environment. As an alternative over these toxicological agents, in this study we propose the development of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using ethanolic extract of red Aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolia) (EERA) and tested them against fish pathogens. Green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles had a mean hydrodynamic diameter of ca. 150 nm, and showed a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, as well as antifungal and antiparasitic activities against Saprolegnia parasitica and Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, at the highest tested concentrations (10 and 15 mg/mL). The extract alone showed antibacterial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila, but not against Streptococcus agalactiae, suggesting a synergistic effect between EERA and ZnO nanoparticles. These findings demonstrate that green ZnO nanoparticles hold significant potential as a multifunctional antimicrobial agent for managing various pathogens in aquaculture, offering an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional chemotherapeutics.

水产养殖生产往往与不恰当地使用化学治疗剂来控制病原体有关，导致对生物体和环境产生不利影响。作为这些毒理学试剂的替代方案，本研究提出利用红红沙蜥（Schinus terebinthifolia）（EERA）的乙醇提取物开发氧化锌纳米颗粒，并对其对鱼类病原体的作用进行了测试。绿色合成的氧化锌纳米颗粒的水动力平均直径约为150 nm，在最高浓度（10和15 mg/mL）下，氧化锌纳米颗粒具有广谱的抗菌活性，并对寄生病霉和多filiis鱼癣具有抗真菌和抗寄生活性。该提取物对嗜水气单胞菌具有抗菌活性，而对无乳链球菌无抗菌活性，提示纳米氧化锌与EERA具有协同作用。这些发现表明，绿色氧化锌纳米颗粒作为一种多功能抗菌剂具有巨大的潜力，可用于管理水产养殖中的各种病原体，为传统化疗提供了一种环保的替代方案。

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引用次数: 0

Neurotoxicity and teratogenicity induced by carbendazim and ametryn in zebrafish: Implications for environmental and biological health 多菌灵和美特林对斑马鱼的神经毒性和致畸性：对环境和生物健康的影响

IF 4.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2026.104947

Júlia Robert Teixeira , Livia Alves de Macedo Tavares , Ariana Pereira da Silva , João Vitor de Macedo-Sampaio , Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira Rocha , Katia Castanho Scortecci , Bruno Fiorelini Pereira , Ana Carolina Luchiari

Ametryn (AMT) and Carbendazim (CBZ) are pesticides widely used in agricultural crops to control pests and increase food production efficiency. Despite their toxicological risks and questionable effectiveness, the real impacts of exposure to these compounds and their residues in the environment are still difficult to determine, particularly when lethal, sublethal, biochemical, and behavioral endpoints are not evaluated within the same experimental framework. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of acute exposure to AMT and CBZ in non-target organisms, using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model. Zebrafish embryos were exposed from 3 to 120 h post-fertilization to different concentrations of the chemicals: 0.2, 1.0, 2.0, 20, and 40 mg/L of AMT, and 0.07, 0.15, 0.3, 0.5, and 1 µg/L of CBZ (n = 20/group). Mortality, teratogenicity, cardiotoxicity, and neurotoxicity were assessed. High mortality and malformation induction were observed for both pesticides, with estimated LC₅₀ values of 1.33 mg/L for AMT and 0.02 µg/L for CBZ. Both pesticides induced increased heart rate compared to the control group. Furthermore, the pesticides reduced avoidance behavior and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptotic cells at concentrations below LC₅₀, evidencing their neurotoxic effects. These findings highlight the importance of integrating sublethal and neurobehavioral endpoints into ecological risk assessment of pesticide exposure.

amtryn （AMT）和多菌灵（CBZ）是广泛用于农作物防治害虫和提高粮食生产效率的农药。尽管存在毒理学风险和值得怀疑的有效性，但暴露于这些化合物及其在环境中的残留物的实际影响仍然难以确定，特别是在没有在同一实验框架内评估致死、亚致死、生化和行为终点的情况下。本研究旨在评估急性暴露于AMT和CBZ对非靶生物的影响，以斑马鱼（Danio rerio）为模型。将斑马鱼胚胎在受精后3 ~ 120 h暴露于不同浓度的化学物质中：AMT浓度为0.2、1.0、2.0、20和40 mg/L， CBZ浓度为0.07、0.15、0.3、0.5和1 µg/L （n = 20/组）。评估死亡率、致畸性、心脏毒性和神经毒性。两种农药的死亡率和致畸率都很高，AMT的LC₅0估计值为1.33 mg/L， CBZ的LC₅0估计值为0.02 µg/L。与对照组相比，这两种农药都导致心率加快。此外，农药在低于LC₅0的浓度下减少了回避行为和升高的活性氧（ROS）和凋亡细胞，证明了它们的神经毒性作用。这些发现强调了将亚致死终点和神经行为终点纳入农药暴露生态风险评估的重要性。

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引用次数: 0