Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003070
Airam Curtidor, Ernst Kussul, Tetyana Baydyk, Masuma Mammadova
Analysis of white blood cells from blood can help to detect Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, a potentially fatal blood cancer if left untreated. The morphological analysis of blood cells images is typically performed manually by an expert; however, this method has numerous drawbacks, including slow analysis, low precision, and the results depend on the operator’s skill. We have developed and present here an automated method for the identification and classification of white blood cells using microscopic images of peripheral blood smears. Once the image has been obtained, we propose describing it using brightness, contrast, and micro-contour orientation histograms. Each of these descriptions provides a coding of the image, which in turn provides n parameters. The extracted characteristics are presented to an encoder’s input. The encoder generates a high-dimensional binary output vector, which is presented to the input of the neural classifier. This paper presents the performance of one classifier, the Random Threshold Classifier. The classifier’s output is the recognized class, which is either a healthy cell or an Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia-affected cell. As shown below, the proposed neural Random Threshold Classifier achieved a recognition rate of 98.3 % when the data has partitioned on 80 % training set and 20 % testing set for. Our system of image recognition is evaluated using the public dataset of peripheral blood samples from Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Image Database. It is important to mention that our system could be implemented as a computational tool for detection of other diseases, where blood cells undergo alterations, such as Covid-19
{"title":"Analysis and automated classification of images of blood cells to diagnose acute lymphoblastic leukemia","authors":"Airam Curtidor, Ernst Kussul, Tetyana Baydyk, Masuma Mammadova","doi":"10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003070","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of white blood cells from blood can help to detect Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, a potentially fatal blood cancer if left untreated. The morphological analysis of blood cells images is typically performed manually by an expert; however, this method has numerous drawbacks, including slow analysis, low precision, and the results depend on the operator’s skill. We have developed and present here an automated method for the identification and classification of white blood cells using microscopic images of peripheral blood smears. Once the image has been obtained, we propose describing it using brightness, contrast, and micro-contour orientation histograms. Each of these descriptions provides a coding of the image, which in turn provides n parameters. The extracted characteristics are presented to an encoder’s input. The encoder generates a high-dimensional binary output vector, which is presented to the input of the neural classifier. This paper presents the performance of one classifier, the Random Threshold Classifier. The classifier’s output is the recognized class, which is either a healthy cell or an Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia-affected cell. As shown below, the proposed neural Random Threshold Classifier achieved a recognition rate of 98.3 % when the data has partitioned on 80 % training set and 20 % testing set for. Our system of image recognition is evaluated using the public dataset of peripheral blood samples from Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Image Database. It is important to mention that our system could be implemented as a computational tool for detection of other diseases, where blood cells undergo alterations, such as Covid-19","PeriodicalId":11804,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Physics and Engineering","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135248126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology for creating an on-line assistant for electronic publications for mobile devices. The survey of experts is determined the basic requirements for an on-line assistant. Based on the results of the survey, the optimal functions and sub-functions of an on-line assistant for the layout of electronic publications for mobile devices are formed. The consistency of experts' opinions was checked. As a result, partial coherence of expert opinions was obtained, the corresponding indicator is 0.68. The main types of internal structure of the online assistant are reviewed and its hybrid structure is developed. QuarkXPress, Adobe InDesign, and Scribus were used as software tools for developing training videos in the structure of the online assistant. The structure of the online assistant for layout of electronic publications for mobile devices was designed. Training videos were created as components of the online assistant. The stages of creating a training video were: script development, development of text material, rehearsal, video recording, video processing, and uploading to a website. The design scheme of the online assistant was chosen in the form of "material design" style. A prototype of the on-line assistant was developed based on the use of a technical website script and text markup in HTML 5, CSS 3 and JavaScript. The practical result of the research is an online assistant with information on how to design electronic publications for mobile devices. The developed online assistant provides an opportunity to remotely contact a qualified specialist in the layout of electronic publications for mobile devices
{"title":"Development of a methodology for creating an on-line layout assistant for electronic publications for mobile devices","authors":"Yevhen Hrabovskyi, Hryhorii Kots, Kostiantyn Veretelnyk","doi":"10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003105","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology for creating an on-line assistant for electronic publications for mobile devices. The survey of experts is determined the basic requirements for an on-line assistant. Based on the results of the survey, the optimal functions and sub-functions of an on-line assistant for the layout of electronic publications for mobile devices are formed. The consistency of experts' opinions was checked. As a result, partial coherence of expert opinions was obtained, the corresponding indicator is 0.68. The main types of internal structure of the online assistant are reviewed and its hybrid structure is developed. QuarkXPress, Adobe InDesign, and Scribus were used as software tools for developing training videos in the structure of the online assistant. The structure of the online assistant for layout of electronic publications for mobile devices was designed. Training videos were created as components of the online assistant. The stages of creating a training video were: script development, development of text material, rehearsal, video recording, video processing, and uploading to a website. The design scheme of the online assistant was chosen in the form of \"material design\" style. A prototype of the on-line assistant was developed based on the use of a technical website script and text markup in HTML 5, CSS 3 and JavaScript. The practical result of the research is an online assistant with information on how to design electronic publications for mobile devices. The developed online assistant provides an opportunity to remotely contact a qualified specialist in the layout of electronic publications for mobile devices","PeriodicalId":11804,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Physics and Engineering","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135292714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The object of the study is the methodology of developing automatic control systems for one class of technological objects, namely, multi-tonnage chemical-technological productions.
This class of technological objects is characterized by significant inertia, which makes them objects with difficult control. In addition, high production productivity to prevent economic losses requires ensuring the stability of the technological process without significant deviations from design norms.
Based on this, the development methodology for objects of this class should be strictly consistent and theoretically grounded.
The work presents an algorithm for developing the structure of the automatic control system of a large-tonnage chemical-technological facility based on its technological features. The algorithm begins with the analysis of a large-tonnage chemical-technological object as a control object. At the final stage, let’s obtain the complete structure of the control system as a self-adjusting extreme control system with an object model.
The selected structure of the automatic control system, in turn, puts forward specific conditions for the type of mathematical model of the control object. The work presents an algorithm for developing a combined mathematical model, which begins with structural identification and ends with parametric identification. This mathematical model is the most suitable for use in automatic control systems for technological objects of this class. The conclusions were confirmed by many years of research on real technological objects, including, on the example of the ASK TP methanol synthesis column.
The application of the described approach on the example of the development of an automatic control system for the technological process of methanol synthesis confirmed the economic feasibility of implementing the proposed solutions
{"title":"Use of additive test methods in the simulation of the methanol synthesis column for the creation of a control system from the model","authors":"Peter Eliseyev, Maryna Loriia, Olexii Tselishchev, Oleksandr Gurin, Oksana Kupina, Tetiana Sotnikova","doi":"10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003110","url":null,"abstract":"The object of the study is the methodology of developing automatic control systems for one class of technological objects, namely, multi-tonnage chemical-technological productions.
 This class of technological objects is characterized by significant inertia, which makes them objects with difficult control. In addition, high production productivity to prevent economic losses requires ensuring the stability of the technological process without significant deviations from design norms.
 Based on this, the development methodology for objects of this class should be strictly consistent and theoretically grounded.
 The work presents an algorithm for developing the structure of the automatic control system of a large-tonnage chemical-technological facility based on its technological features. The algorithm begins with the analysis of a large-tonnage chemical-technological object as a control object. At the final stage, let’s obtain the complete structure of the control system as a self-adjusting extreme control system with an object model.
 The selected structure of the automatic control system, in turn, puts forward specific conditions for the type of mathematical model of the control object. The work presents an algorithm for developing a combined mathematical model, which begins with structural identification and ends with parametric identification. This mathematical model is the most suitable for use in automatic control systems for technological objects of this class. The conclusions were confirmed by many years of research on real technological objects, including, on the example of the ASK TP methanol synthesis column.
 The application of the described approach on the example of the development of an automatic control system for the technological process of methanol synthesis confirmed the economic feasibility of implementing the proposed solutions","PeriodicalId":11804,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Physics and Engineering","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135293689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003010
Bode Haryanto, Fatimah Batubara, Ella Theresia Ginting, Dicky A. D. Situmorang, Vikram Alexander
The adsorbent is a solid substance that can absorb certain components from the liquid phase. Most of the adsorbents are porous materials and the adsorption process takes place, especially in the porous wall or certain location inside that particle. The main objective of this research is to study the influence of the adsorbent’s surface area based on shape variation from corn stalk with adsorption ability to reduce the water river’s turbidity, the influence of time with adsorption capacity in reducing river water’s turbidity, the influence of adsorbent with water river and adsorption capacity, and defining adsorption kinetics from corn stalks. The shape of corn stalks that have been used such as spherical, half of spherical shape, and quarter of spherical shape. The volume of the sample is 250 mL. The measurement time is 300 minutes. The mass variations that have been used are 10 g, 15 g, and 20 g. The variation of sample takeover in the morning, afternoon, and evening. The measurement of adsorbent adsorption capacity in term of decreasing the turbidity of Babura River’s water is done by inputting the adsorbent into the sample, then the measurement of the water’s turbidity proceed by using a turbidity meter. The analysis result for the influence of the adsorbent’s surface area in decreasing Babura River’s water in the shape’s variation from spherical, half of spherical shape, and quarter of spherical shape is obtained in quarter of spherical shape. The highest amount of adsorbent in decreasing the turbidity of Babura River’s water is 20 g. Adsorption kinetics that has been used in the measurement of decreasing Babura River’s water turbidity is second order kinetics
{"title":"Study on adsorption capacity of corn stalks in decreasing the turbidity of Babura river water with batch operation","authors":"Bode Haryanto, Fatimah Batubara, Ella Theresia Ginting, Dicky A. D. Situmorang, Vikram Alexander","doi":"10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003010","url":null,"abstract":"The adsorbent is a solid substance that can absorb certain components from the liquid phase. Most of the adsorbents are porous materials and the adsorption process takes place, especially in the porous wall or certain location inside that particle. The main objective of this research is to study the influence of the adsorbent’s surface area based on shape variation from corn stalk with adsorption ability to reduce the water river’s turbidity, the influence of time with adsorption capacity in reducing river water’s turbidity, the influence of adsorbent with water river and adsorption capacity, and defining adsorption kinetics from corn stalks. The shape of corn stalks that have been used such as spherical, half of spherical shape, and quarter of spherical shape. The volume of the sample is 250 mL. The measurement time is 300 minutes. The mass variations that have been used are 10 g, 15 g, and 20 g. The variation of sample takeover in the morning, afternoon, and evening. The measurement of adsorbent adsorption capacity in term of decreasing the turbidity of Babura River’s water is done by inputting the adsorbent into the sample, then the measurement of the water’s turbidity proceed by using a turbidity meter. The analysis result for the influence of the adsorbent’s surface area in decreasing Babura River’s water in the shape’s variation from spherical, half of spherical shape, and quarter of spherical shape is obtained in quarter of spherical shape. The highest amount of adsorbent in decreasing the turbidity of Babura River’s water is 20 g. Adsorption kinetics that has been used in the measurement of decreasing Babura River’s water turbidity is second order kinetics","PeriodicalId":11804,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Physics and Engineering","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135248120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The object of this research is the process of choice the strategy for the development of the Ukrainian segment of suborbital launch vehicles (SOLVs). Problems arising in this process are analyzed and a search of ways of overcoming them was carried out. The strategy of development of a family of SOLVs is based on the previous experience of developing SOLVs in other countries. A family of SOLVs is proposed which includes five rockets with the apogee from 2 to 150 kilometers. The problem of the exclusion zones which can be reserved for falling of discarded parts of vehicles during the launch was considered. Experience of other countries in overcoming this problem was analyzed. It was decided to begin the process of formulation of a concept of a simplified SOLVs control system that would ensure keeping the rocket over the area of the launch. Within this task, a choice of components of the onboard electronic equipment (OBEE) was made. For testing the OBEE in the conditions of a real flight, a K80 Meteo 7000 rocket, a member of the proposed SOLV family, was chosen. In flight tests, most of the chosen OBEE components confirmed their operability, though some showed shortcomings in their operation. Main flight parameters of the K80 Meteo 7000 rocket were demonstrated. The reach of the apogee of 6,375 m and the velocity of Mach 1.733 was confirmed.
This research sets preconditions for practical implementation of launches of SOLVs with substantial altitudes of the apogee, while limiting the areas reserved for falling parts of the rockets. Availability of such SOLVs will enable solution of a wide range of problems in many fields of scientific research and the use of SOLVs as platforms for working out new technical solutions for other branches of rocketry
{"title":"Evaluation of the results of the flight tests of the small research rocket K80 Meteo 7000 on the way to the creation of the Ukrainian family of suborbital launch vechicles","authors":"Vladyslav Proroka, Mykola Dron, Oleksii Kulyk, Vadym Solntsev, Svitlana Klymenko","doi":"10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003106","url":null,"abstract":"The object of this research is the process of choice the strategy for the development of the Ukrainian segment of suborbital launch vehicles (SOLVs). Problems arising in this process are analyzed and a search of ways of overcoming them was carried out. The strategy of development of a family of SOLVs is based on the previous experience of developing SOLVs in other countries. A family of SOLVs is proposed which includes five rockets with the apogee from 2 to 150 kilometers. The problem of the exclusion zones which can be reserved for falling of discarded parts of vehicles during the launch was considered. Experience of other countries in overcoming this problem was analyzed. It was decided to begin the process of formulation of a concept of a simplified SOLVs control system that would ensure keeping the rocket over the area of the launch. Within this task, a choice of components of the onboard electronic equipment (OBEE) was made. For testing the OBEE in the conditions of a real flight, a K80 Meteo 7000 rocket, a member of the proposed SOLV family, was chosen. In flight tests, most of the chosen OBEE components confirmed their operability, though some showed shortcomings in their operation. Main flight parameters of the K80 Meteo 7000 rocket were demonstrated. The reach of the apogee of 6,375 m and the velocity of Mach 1.733 was confirmed.
 This research sets preconditions for practical implementation of launches of SOLVs with substantial altitudes of the apogee, while limiting the areas reserved for falling parts of the rockets. Availability of such SOLVs will enable solution of a wide range of problems in many fields of scientific research and the use of SOLVs as platforms for working out new technical solutions for other branches of rocketry","PeriodicalId":11804,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Physics and Engineering","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135293564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.21303/2461-4262.2023.002984
Aygun Safarova, Javida Damirova, Ismayil Huseynov
As it is known, primary oil processing facilities are designed for the production of light-colored oil products and various oil fractions that meet modern requirements with their quality. The main equipment of these technological facilities are rectification columns operating under atmospheric and vacuum conditions, which perform the decomposition of crude oil and fuel oil into various product fractions. Generally, the quality indicators of product fractions produced in these columns are provided by stabilizing the temperature modes at certain points (plates) of these or rectification columns by regulating the irrigation consumption supplied to those plates.
It should be noted that currently, in accordance with the requirements of the time, the design and development of new control systems that can adequately respond to more dynamic and variable external and internal stimulating influences for complex oil refining technological facilities is one of the main problems facing the automatic control theory. The paper is dedicated to the issue of developing a new automated control system that can provide the required accuracy in terms of quality management. As an adaptive control system, the purpose of such systems is to compensate in time for disturbance influences in the technological devices and to ensure the production of oil products with stable quality indicators, regardless of these influences. The purpose of study is to develop a control system that can meet the given requirements and ensure the produced products with relatively stable quality indicators, regardless of the controlled and uncontrolled exciting effects affecting the oil refinery technological complex.
The principle of operation of this system is based not only on the compensation of disturbance influences but also on the calculation of new operation strategies depending on these effects. The development of new automated control system that is able to provide the necessary accuracy of quality control in the lack of information is relevant
{"title":"Development of adaptive control system for technological facility of primary oil refining","authors":"Aygun Safarova, Javida Damirova, Ismayil Huseynov","doi":"10.21303/2461-4262.2023.002984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2023.002984","url":null,"abstract":"As it is known, primary oil processing facilities are designed for the production of light-colored oil products and various oil fractions that meet modern requirements with their quality. The main equipment of these technological facilities are rectification columns operating under atmospheric and vacuum conditions, which perform the decomposition of crude oil and fuel oil into various product fractions. Generally, the quality indicators of product fractions produced in these columns are provided by stabilizing the temperature modes at certain points (plates) of these or rectification columns by regulating the irrigation consumption supplied to those plates.
 It should be noted that currently, in accordance with the requirements of the time, the design and development of new control systems that can adequately respond to more dynamic and variable external and internal stimulating influences for complex oil refining technological facilities is one of the main problems facing the automatic control theory. The paper is dedicated to the issue of developing a new automated control system that can provide the required accuracy in terms of quality management. As an adaptive control system, the purpose of such systems is to compensate in time for disturbance influences in the technological devices and to ensure the production of oil products with stable quality indicators, regardless of these influences. The purpose of study is to develop a control system that can meet the given requirements and ensure the produced products with relatively stable quality indicators, regardless of the controlled and uncontrolled exciting effects affecting the oil refinery technological complex.
 The principle of operation of this system is based not only on the compensation of disturbance influences but also on the calculation of new operation strategies depending on these effects. The development of new automated control system that is able to provide the necessary accuracy of quality control in the lack of information is relevant","PeriodicalId":11804,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Physics and Engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135247977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003108
Faustino Moreno-Gamboa, Gustavo Guerrero-Gomez, Alvaro Jr Caicedo-Rolon
Due to decrease of oil reserves, the international commitment for the reduction of pollutant emissions and environmental protection, renewable energy sources are intensively studied, including solar energy applications. However, solar energy is not constant and one possible alternative are solar hybrid thermosolar power plants. A hybrid solar gas turbine has three subsystems: a solar concentrator with heliostat field and central tower receiver, a combustion chamber, and a regenerative gas turbine. A previous thermodynamic analysis allowed shows an energy and exergy study of the plant, from a thermodynamic model of the system that has a method of solar resource estimation. However, this analysis did not allow evaluation of the energy losses in the system components, although the original model considered the typical irreversibilities of these cycles. This work aimed to develop a thermodynamic model that estimates the energy losses in the subsystems and the solar hybrid gas turbine components from a few parameters. The model estimated the energy losses for a Brayton cycle hybrid solar thermal plant throughout the day July 20 in Barranquilla, Colombia. A Dymola compiler in Modelica language was used to evaluate the model, which facilitates the estimation of the results at different times of the day. In this case, the computations were performed hourly throughout the day. In the results, energy losses were 16 % in the solar concentrator when the solar resource was the maximum at noon and close to 1 % in the combustion chamber. Therefore, the hybrid solar Brayton cycle system is technically feasible and reduces fuel consumption. Consequently, it is important to continue developing concentration systems and reduce their energy losses
{"title":"Energy losses study in solar hybrid gas turbine in Colombia","authors":"Faustino Moreno-Gamboa, Gustavo Guerrero-Gomez, Alvaro Jr Caicedo-Rolon","doi":"10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003108","url":null,"abstract":"Due to decrease of oil reserves, the international commitment for the reduction of pollutant emissions and environmental protection, renewable energy sources are intensively studied, including solar energy applications. However, solar energy is not constant and one possible alternative are solar hybrid thermosolar power plants. A hybrid solar gas turbine has three subsystems: a solar concentrator with heliostat field and central tower receiver, a combustion chamber, and a regenerative gas turbine. A previous thermodynamic analysis allowed shows an energy and exergy study of the plant, from a thermodynamic model of the system that has a method of solar resource estimation. However, this analysis did not allow evaluation of the energy losses in the system components, although the original model considered the typical irreversibilities of these cycles. This work aimed to develop a thermodynamic model that estimates the energy losses in the subsystems and the solar hybrid gas turbine components from a few parameters. The model estimated the energy losses for a Brayton cycle hybrid solar thermal plant throughout the day July 20 in Barranquilla, Colombia. A Dymola compiler in Modelica language was used to evaluate the model, which facilitates the estimation of the results at different times of the day. In this case, the computations were performed hourly throughout the day. In the results, energy losses were 16 % in the solar concentrator when the solar resource was the maximum at noon and close to 1 % in the combustion chamber. Therefore, the hybrid solar Brayton cycle system is technically feasible and reduces fuel consumption. Consequently, it is important to continue developing concentration systems and reduce their energy losses","PeriodicalId":11804,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Physics and Engineering","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135248117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research paper presents a symmetrical current-tunable active-RC all-pass filter that uses an active BJT coupled with R and C. The circuit's symmetrical structure ensures that the differential signals are treated equally, resulting in improved performance. Furthermore, the filter's ability to adjust the frequency by bias current makes it suitable for a wide range of applications, such as improving phase properties and creating other types of filters. The simulation results obtained through the Pspice program show that the value of the operating frequency can be adjusted by bias current, which is the highlight of this research. The transfer function of the circuit shows a response of about 0 dB and –90° respectively, indicating that the circuit can change the phase of the input signal without changing its magnitude. This feature is particularly useful in signal processing applications where phase changes are required. In addition, the paper discusses how the operating frequency can be increased by decreasing the capacitor. The transfer function of the circuit analyzed shows that the operating frequency (f0) is inversely proportional to the product of the capacitors. Therefore, decreasing the value of C increases the operating frequency of the circuit. Monte Carlo analysis results are also presented for resistors, capacitors, and transistors with error values. This analysis helps determine the effect of errors on the output signal of the circuit. The results show that the output signal is sensitive to changes in the resistor values, which can affect the accuracy of the filter. Therefore, it is important to select high-quality resistors to ensure that the filter operates accurately
{"title":"The development of a fully balanced current-tunable active-RC all-pass filter","authors":"Samran Lertkonsarn, Chadarat Khwunnak, Sittisak Roungrid","doi":"10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2023.003103","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper presents a symmetrical current-tunable active-RC all-pass filter that uses an active BJT coupled with R and C. The circuit's symmetrical structure ensures that the differential signals are treated equally, resulting in improved performance. Furthermore, the filter's ability to adjust the frequency by bias current makes it suitable for a wide range of applications, such as improving phase properties and creating other types of filters. The simulation results obtained through the Pspice program show that the value of the operating frequency can be adjusted by bias current, which is the highlight of this research. The transfer function of the circuit shows a response of about 0 dB and –90° respectively, indicating that the circuit can change the phase of the input signal without changing its magnitude. This feature is particularly useful in signal processing applications where phase changes are required. In addition, the paper discusses how the operating frequency can be increased by decreasing the capacitor. The transfer function of the circuit analyzed shows that the operating frequency (f0) is inversely proportional to the product of the capacitors. Therefore, decreasing the value of C increases the operating frequency of the circuit. Monte Carlo analysis results are also presented for resistors, capacitors, and transistors with error values. This analysis helps determine the effect of errors on the output signal of the circuit. The results show that the output signal is sensitive to changes in the resistor values, which can affect the accuracy of the filter. Therefore, it is important to select high-quality resistors to ensure that the filter operates accurately","PeriodicalId":11804,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Physics and Engineering","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135248125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.21303/2461-4262.2023.002913
Esmar Budi, Widyaningrum Indrasari, Iwan Sugihartono, Teguh Budi Prayitno, Hadi Nasbey, Riser Fahdiran, Md. Nizam Abd Rahman
The parameter such as reinforced particles plays a role in controlling the microstructure and eventually influences the mechanical properties of the composite coating. The microstructure strength of composite coating come from phase combination of the matrix and its reinforcement. This study described the effect of the electrodeposition process parameters of Si3N4 particle concentration on the Ni-TiN-AlN/Si3N4 composite coatings. Therefore, the experiment was performed by varying Si3N4 particles concentration in range of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g/L in electrodeposition process. The coating morphology and crystal structure were characterized by mean of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), respectively while the coating microhardness was tested by using Vickers hardness test. The calcultations were performed to analyze the coating stress from XRD data and presented its relation with the coating microhardness. The analysis results displayed that the uniform surface morphology of composite with the evolution of nitride particle aggregation was observed at various S3N4 particles concentration. In general, the uniformity morphology was due to the refinement of Ni crystallite size. The crystal structure was noticed prominently by Ni, TiN and AlN grains while Si3N4 grain was not observed due to its amorphous nature. In general, the increase of composite microhardness, as increasing Si3N4 concentration was attributed by the reducing Ni crystallite size lead to the increase of coating residual stress.
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Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.21303/2461-4262.2023.002999
Fazil Veliev
The issue of the safety of cotton seeds during the roller ginning process is one of the subjects of research on the dynamic processes of primary processing of raw materials.
The study of the work of roller gins first of all showed that the process of roller ginning is based on the interaction of raw cotton, a working roller, a knife, and a breaking organ. This is a component that ensures, at certain interaction, the separation of fiber from the seeds. At the same time, there are probably no physical foundations that could determine the spatial orientation of these four components of the ginning process.
In the process of roller ginning in the initial position, the seed is drawn to the slot of the contact gap of the knife-drum due to the tension of the fibers in the contact. Subsequently, the seed is struck with a certain impulse. The separation of the fibers from the seed after the impact of the beater occurs sequentially, not simultaneously.
As a result of theoretical and experimental studies, the optimum frequency of shock pulse on the seed (f=18−20) was found to be the most technologically successful in terms of providing the best quality indicators of seeds and fibers. Beating in the resonance mode allows reducing the magnitude of the shock impulse on the seed leading to the reducing degree of damage to the seeds. It is believed that in the initial position, the seeds are drawn to the slit of the contact gap of the knife-drum machine due to the tension of the fibers in the contact. At this moment, the seeds at the end of the strand move only under the action of an elastic restoring force. The active part of the fiber bundle section in a dynamic process can be as little as 0.001 or less.
The average value of the compliance coefficient for the raw cotton variety BA-440 was determined experimentally. This allows determining the stiffness coefficient of the volatiles indirectly.
According to the obtained parameters, the dynamic state of the system practically falls into the region of parametric resonance, where the motion is unstable. This means that the seeds at the end of the strand increase significantly after the impact of the beater, which leads to the separation of the seeds from the fibers
{"title":"Study of fiber detachment dynamics from the seeds by the baffle element","authors":"Fazil Veliev","doi":"10.21303/2461-4262.2023.002999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2023.002999","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of the safety of cotton seeds during the roller ginning process is one of the subjects of research on the dynamic processes of primary processing of raw materials.
 The study of the work of roller gins first of all showed that the process of roller ginning is based on the interaction of raw cotton, a working roller, a knife, and a breaking organ. This is a component that ensures, at certain interaction, the separation of fiber from the seeds. At the same time, there are probably no physical foundations that could determine the spatial orientation of these four components of the ginning process.
 In the process of roller ginning in the initial position, the seed is drawn to the slot of the contact gap of the knife-drum due to the tension of the fibers in the contact. Subsequently, the seed is struck with a certain impulse. The separation of the fibers from the seed after the impact of the beater occurs sequentially, not simultaneously.
 As a result of theoretical and experimental studies, the optimum frequency of shock pulse on the seed (f=18−20) was found to be the most technologically successful in terms of providing the best quality indicators of seeds and fibers. Beating in the resonance mode allows reducing the magnitude of the shock impulse on the seed leading to the reducing degree of damage to the seeds. It is believed that in the initial position, the seeds are drawn to the slit of the contact gap of the knife-drum machine due to the tension of the fibers in the contact. At this moment, the seeds at the end of the strand move only under the action of an elastic restoring force. The active part of the fiber bundle section in a dynamic process can be as little as 0.001 or less.
 The average value of the compliance coefficient for the raw cotton variety BA-440 was determined experimentally. This allows determining the stiffness coefficient of the volatiles indirectly.
 According to the obtained parameters, the dynamic state of the system practically falls into the region of parametric resonance, where the motion is unstable. This means that the seeds at the end of the strand increase significantly after the impact of the beater, which leads to the separation of the seeds from the fibers","PeriodicalId":11804,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Physics and Engineering","volume":"222 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135248128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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