Financial funding of a construction firm plays an important role in all aspects of the process development. It has been noted that financial crises have a direct impact on the construction industry. The Iraqi government, whether locally or globally, has faced a severe shortage of financing which has resulted in incomplete projects. Due to the financial crisis that Iraq went through which led to the suspension of many residential complex projects and the difficulty of the use of public financing methods, we researched the private financing (public-private partnership) methods instead of public financing methods in residential complex projects implementation. This study verified the financial problems and the factors that relate to the possibility of their occurrence with the use of a questionnaire that was designed and distributed to professionals in the field. Arbitration of the questionnaire, pilot study, questionnaire distribution, and statistical tests were conducted. The T-test (paired samples T-test) was used to find out if there are differences between the public and private financing methods. The results showed that the private financing (public-private partnership) methods, under the current conditions in Iraq, are better than the public financing methods.
{"title":"Evaluating the Efficiency of Finance Methods in Residential Complex Projects in Iraq","authors":"A. S. Khameesa, Meervat R. Altaie","doi":"10.48084/etasr.4663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4663","url":null,"abstract":"Financial funding of a construction firm plays an important role in all aspects of the process development. It has been noted that financial crises have a direct impact on the construction industry. The Iraqi government, whether locally or globally, has faced a severe shortage of financing which has resulted in incomplete projects. Due to the financial crisis that Iraq went through which led to the suspension of many residential complex projects and the difficulty of the use of public financing methods, we researched the private financing (public-private partnership) methods instead of public financing methods in residential complex projects implementation. This study verified the financial problems and the factors that relate to the possibility of their occurrence with the use of a questionnaire that was designed and distributed to professionals in the field. Arbitration of the questionnaire, pilot study, questionnaire distribution, and statistical tests were conducted. The T-test (paired samples T-test) was used to find out if there are differences between the public and private financing methods. The results showed that the private financing (public-private partnership) methods, under the current conditions in Iraq, are better than the public financing methods.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75061094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Mohammed, D. Dirate, D. K. Dasho, R. K. Verma, V. R. Pampana, R. B. Sangalang, A. Koshuma, A. Ayalew
This research aims to study the effect of strain rate on the stress-strain association and shear strength of clay soils in Kombolcha, Ethiopia. Field and laboratory experimentations were conducted on 3 soil samples collected at 4.5m depth, considering the physical and engineering properties of the soil. Unconsolidated, undrained triaxial compression tests were performed under confining pressure on the specimens that were axially loaded at a rate of strain varying from 0.38mm/min to 1.14mm/min by taking 2 points above and below 1% of the specimen height. Stress-strain relations were developed under the stated different rates of strains to describe their effect. It was revealed that the strain rate effect was observed. By increasing the strain rate shifts the stress-strain curve upward, and the corresponding shear strength of the soil also increased under effective stress. Accordingly, the strain rate increased the shear parameters. The average angle of friction increased by 13.43%, 15.08%, 13.18%, and 14.33% when the rate of strain changed from 0.38 to 0.57mm/min, 0.57 to 0.76mm/min, 0.76 to 0.95mm/min, and 0.95 to 1.14mm/min respectively, while the average cohesion increased by 17.67%, 19.52%, 14.87%, and 16.48%. The failure at strain rate 1%/min of sample height (0.76mm/min) was uniformly distributed and there was uniform pore pressure distribution throughout the sample height. The effect is slightly more when the shear strength increased at the left side than at the right side. Average shear strength parameters such as cohesion and angle friction were recorded for strain rates from 0.57mm/min to 1.25mm/min specifically for the clay soils found in Kombolcha town, Ethiopia.
{"title":"An Inclusive Study on the Effect of Strain Rate on the Stress-Strain Behavior and the Undrained Shear Strength of Clay Soils in Kombolcha, Ethiopia","authors":"S. Mohammed, D. Dirate, D. K. Dasho, R. K. Verma, V. R. Pampana, R. B. Sangalang, A. Koshuma, A. Ayalew","doi":"10.48084/etasr.4626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4626","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to study the effect of strain rate on the stress-strain association and shear strength of clay soils in Kombolcha, Ethiopia. Field and laboratory experimentations were conducted on 3 soil samples collected at 4.5m depth, considering the physical and engineering properties of the soil. Unconsolidated, undrained triaxial compression tests were performed under confining pressure on the specimens that were axially loaded at a rate of strain varying from 0.38mm/min to 1.14mm/min by taking 2 points above and below 1% of the specimen height. Stress-strain relations were developed under the stated different rates of strains to describe their effect. It was revealed that the strain rate effect was observed. By increasing the strain rate shifts the stress-strain curve upward, and the corresponding shear strength of the soil also increased under effective stress. Accordingly, the strain rate increased the shear parameters. The average angle of friction increased by 13.43%, 15.08%, 13.18%, and 14.33% when the rate of strain changed from 0.38 to 0.57mm/min, 0.57 to 0.76mm/min, 0.76 to 0.95mm/min, and 0.95 to 1.14mm/min respectively, while the average cohesion increased by 17.67%, 19.52%, 14.87%, and 16.48%. The failure at strain rate 1%/min of sample height (0.76mm/min) was uniformly distributed and there was uniform pore pressure distribution throughout the sample height. The effect is slightly more when the shear strength increased at the left side than at the right side. Average shear strength parameters such as cohesion and angle friction were recorded for strain rates from 0.57mm/min to 1.25mm/min specifically for the clay soils found in Kombolcha town, Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82638637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Alrfaay, A. Ali, S. Chaoui, H. Lenando, S. Alanazi
Exploiting social information to improve routing performance is an increasing trend in Opportunistic Mobile Social Networks (OMSNs). Selecting the next message’s relay node based on the user’s social behavior is a critical factor in attaining a high delivery rate. So, to ascertain the most efficient selection of the next relay, the correlation between daily social activities and the social characteristics in the user profiles can be exploited. In this paper, we consider the impact of the social characteristics on mobile user activities during certain periods of the day and then rank these characteristics based on their relative importance in order to be included in the routing protocol. These processes consolidate the proposed Ranked Social-based Routing (R-SOR) protocol to provide an effective way for data dissemination in OMSN. We use the real data set INFOCOM06 to evaluate the proposed protocol. The experimental results show that the proposed protocol has higher routing efficiency than flooding-based protocols such as Epsoc and Epidemic, prediction-based protocols such as PRoPHET, and social-based protocols such as MSM and Bubble Rap.
{"title":"R-SOR: Ranked Social-based Routing Protocol in Opportunistic Mobile Social Networks","authors":"M. Alrfaay, A. Ali, S. Chaoui, H. Lenando, S. Alanazi","doi":"10.48084/etasr.4612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4612","url":null,"abstract":"Exploiting social information to improve routing performance is an increasing trend in Opportunistic Mobile Social Networks (OMSNs). Selecting the next message’s relay node based on the user’s social behavior is a critical factor in attaining a high delivery rate. So, to ascertain the most efficient selection of the next relay, the correlation between daily social activities and the social characteristics in the user profiles can be exploited. In this paper, we consider the impact of the social characteristics on mobile user activities during certain periods of the day and then rank these characteristics based on their relative importance in order to be included in the routing protocol. These processes consolidate the proposed Ranked Social-based Routing (R-SOR) protocol to provide an effective way for data dissemination in OMSN. We use the real data set INFOCOM06 to evaluate the proposed protocol. The experimental results show that the proposed protocol has higher routing efficiency than flooding-based protocols such as Epsoc and Epidemic, prediction-based protocols such as PRoPHET, and social-based protocols such as MSM and Bubble Rap.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85799764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Controlling cost in construction projects is an essential issue. This study investigates the most critical problems that cause weakness in cost control in Iraqi construction projects. The quantitative technique was used by conducting a survey directed to professionals who work on construction projects. One hundred and sixty-four questionnaire forms were distributed to private sector companies, government companies, and government institutions, and the responses were subjected to the required statistical analysis. The results indicate that the most influential factors are the weakness in keeping up with the use of modern concepts, methods, and technologies, the delay in receiving the amounts due for work done from the owner, fluctuations in market prices, the lack of knowledge and the inefficient use of currently available tools and technology, and the security situation in the country. The results indicate that the Iraqi construction projects suffer from weakness in cost control, which causes them to stop or delay their delivery, and this needs serious and quick solutions. One of the most important solutions is the adoption of modern technologies and their inclusion in the construction sector and the development of special systems for managing costs that are appropriate to the Iraqi construction environment.
{"title":"Investigating the Causes of Poor Cost Control in Iraqi Construction Projects","authors":"N. Abbas, A. M. Burhan","doi":"10.48084/etasr.4661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4661","url":null,"abstract":"Controlling cost in construction projects is an essential issue. This study investigates the most critical problems that cause weakness in cost control in Iraqi construction projects. The quantitative technique was used by conducting a survey directed to professionals who work on construction projects. One hundred and sixty-four questionnaire forms were distributed to private sector companies, government companies, and government institutions, and the responses were subjected to the required statistical analysis. The results indicate that the most influential factors are the weakness in keeping up with the use of modern concepts, methods, and technologies, the delay in receiving the amounts due for work done from the owner, fluctuations in market prices, the lack of knowledge and the inefficient use of currently available tools and technology, and the security situation in the country. The results indicate that the Iraqi construction projects suffer from weakness in cost control, which causes them to stop or delay their delivery, and this needs serious and quick solutions. One of the most important solutions is the adoption of modern technologies and their inclusion in the construction sector and the development of special systems for managing costs that are appropriate to the Iraqi construction environment.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":"542 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87354565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, a compact, tri-band Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) using Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) and Reactive Impedance Surface (RIS) is presented for multiband application. The structure of the PIFA consists of a metallic CSRR and 5×6 periodic unit RIS cells, which accomplishes miniaturization and improves bandwidth and multiband. The RIS metamaterial plane lies between two substrates and acts as a loading function, reducing the volume of the antenna. The measured and simulated results are consistent for a manufactured prototype. The overall size of the antenna is 22.71×3.451×1mm. The PIFA shows a tri-band with an S11 < −10dB bandwidth of approximately 17.08% (2.26-2.67GHz), 5.14% (6.85-7.21GHz) and 19.44% (7.44-9.19GHz) under measurement. The antenna radiates a wave in a preset direction with realized gains ranging from 3.21 to 8.1dbi. The CSRR and RIS improve the performance of the antenna for WLAN, C-band, and X-band applications.
{"title":"A Tri-band Planar Inverted-F Antenna with Complementary Split Ring Resonator and Reactive Impedance Surface for Wireless Application","authors":"T. Jadhav, S. Deshpande","doi":"10.48084/etasr.4592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4592","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a compact, tri-band Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) using Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) and Reactive Impedance Surface (RIS) is presented for multiband application. The structure of the PIFA consists of a metallic CSRR and 5×6 periodic unit RIS cells, which accomplishes miniaturization and improves bandwidth and multiband. The RIS metamaterial plane lies between two substrates and acts as a loading function, reducing the volume of the antenna. The measured and simulated results are consistent for a manufactured prototype. The overall size of the antenna is 22.71×3.451×1mm. The PIFA shows a tri-band with an S11 < −10dB bandwidth of approximately 17.08% (2.26-2.67GHz), 5.14% (6.85-7.21GHz) and 19.44% (7.44-9.19GHz) under measurement. The antenna radiates a wave in a preset direction with realized gains ranging from 3.21 to 8.1dbi. The CSRR and RIS improve the performance of the antenna for WLAN, C-band, and X-band applications.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86762265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Knowledge of the functions of proteins plays a vital role in gaining a deep insight into many biological studies. However, wet lab determination of protein function is prohibitively laborious, time-consuming, and costly. These challenges have created opportunities for automated prediction of protein functions, and many computational techniques have been explored. These techniques entail excessive computational resources and turnaround times. The current study compares the performance of various neural networks on predicting protein function. These networks were trained and tested on a large dataset of reviewed protein entries from nine bacterial phyla, obtained from the Universal Protein Resource Knowledgebase (UniProtKB). Each protein instance was associated with multiple terms of the molecular function of Gene Ontology (GO), making the problem a multilabel classification one. The results in this dataset showed the superior performance of single-layer neural networks having a modest number of neurons. Moreover, a useful set of features that can be deployed for efficient protein function prediction was discovered.
{"title":"A Neural Network-Based Multi-Label Classifier for Protein Function Prediction","authors":"S. Tahzeeb, S. Hasan","doi":"10.48084/etasr.4597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4597","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of the functions of proteins plays a vital role in gaining a deep insight into many biological studies. However, wet lab determination of protein function is prohibitively laborious, time-consuming, and costly. These challenges have created opportunities for automated prediction of protein functions, and many computational techniques have been explored. These techniques entail excessive computational resources and turnaround times. The current study compares the performance of various neural networks on predicting protein function. These networks were trained and tested on a large dataset of reviewed protein entries from nine bacterial phyla, obtained from the Universal Protein Resource Knowledgebase (UniProtKB). Each protein instance was associated with multiple terms of the molecular function of Gene Ontology (GO), making the problem a multilabel classification one. The results in this dataset showed the superior performance of single-layer neural networks having a modest number of neurons. Moreover, a useful set of features that can be deployed for efficient protein function prediction was discovered.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85503410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The need to ensure the long-term ability of power distribution systems to meet demands means that upgrades and alterations/expansions, as well as inspection and maintenance works, are constantly necessary. This paper presents an approach to use custom Google Maps as a ticket management system for scheduling and monitoring such works. A geospatial representation is rather useful in networks that are great in length and follow irregular routes (which is typically the case for power distribution networks). However, acquiring a representation of such networks, especially for the Low Voltage side, is an enormous task. This paper presents a cost-free and easy-to-implement approach that can be used in the absence of a full geospatial representation of the network. This approach utilizes an assign-to-the-feeding-transformer (for all Low Voltage issues) and assign-one-indicating-point (for each Middle Voltage issue) scheme, thus, requiring a minimum amount of data easily retrieved from the network. This approach provides a georeferenced ticket management system that can be employed for improved monitoring and scheduling through a user-friendly and free-to-use web-based application which use requires no additional costs or training. The presented approach has been applied in the area of Patras, Greece and initial results, showing a significant improvement in productivity, ranging from 10% to 42%, along with background information are further presented and discussed in this paper.
{"title":"Using Google My Maps as a Geospatial Ticket Management System for Scheduling and Monitoring Power Distribution Network Works","authors":"D. Pylarinos","doi":"10.48084/etasr.4642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4642","url":null,"abstract":"The need to ensure the long-term ability of power distribution systems to meet demands means that upgrades and alterations/expansions, as well as inspection and maintenance works, are constantly necessary. This paper presents an approach to use custom Google Maps as a ticket management system for scheduling and monitoring such works. A geospatial representation is rather useful in networks that are great in length and follow irregular routes (which is typically the case for power distribution networks). However, acquiring a representation of such networks, especially for the Low Voltage side, is an enormous task. This paper presents a cost-free and easy-to-implement approach that can be used in the absence of a full geospatial representation of the network. This approach utilizes an assign-to-the-feeding-transformer (for all Low Voltage issues) and assign-one-indicating-point (for each Middle Voltage issue) scheme, thus, requiring a minimum amount of data easily retrieved from the network. This approach provides a georeferenced ticket management system that can be employed for improved monitoring and scheduling through a user-friendly and free-to-use web-based application which use requires no additional costs or training. The presented approach has been applied in the area of Patras, Greece and initial results, showing a significant improvement in productivity, ranging from 10% to 42%, along with background information are further presented and discussed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77569160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Covid-19 is a highly infectious disease that spreads extremely fast and is transmitted through indirect or direct contact. The scientists have categorized the Covid-19 cases into five different types: severe, critical, asymptomatic, moderate, and mild. Up to May 2021 more than 133.2 million peoples have been infected and almost 2.9 million people have lost their lives from Covid-19. To diagnose Covid-19, practitioners use RT-PCR tests that suffer from many False Positive (FP) and False Negative (FN) results while they take a long time. One solution to this is the conduction of a greater number of tests simultaneously to improve the True Positive (TP) ratio. However, CT-scan and X-ray images can also be used for early detection of Covid-19 related pneumonia. By the use of modern deep learning techniques, accuracy of more than 95% can be achieved. We used eight CNN (CovNet)-based deep learning models, namely ResNet 152 v2, InceptionResNet v2, Xception, Inception v3, ResNet 50, NASNetLarge, DenseNet 201, and VGG 16 for both X-rays and CT-scans to diagnose pneumonia. The achieved comparative results show that the proposed models are able to differentiate the Covid-19 positive cases.
{"title":"Automatic Diagnosis of Covid-19 Related Pneumonia from CXR and CT-Scan Images","authors":"N. Kumar, A. Hashmi, M. Gupta, A. Kundu","doi":"10.48084/etasr.4613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4613","url":null,"abstract":"Covid-19 is a highly infectious disease that spreads extremely fast and is transmitted through indirect or direct contact. The scientists have categorized the Covid-19 cases into five different types: severe, critical, asymptomatic, moderate, and mild. Up to May 2021 more than 133.2 million peoples have been infected and almost 2.9 million people have lost their lives from Covid-19. To diagnose Covid-19, practitioners use RT-PCR tests that suffer from many False Positive (FP) and False Negative (FN) results while they take a long time. One solution to this is the conduction of a greater number of tests simultaneously to improve the True Positive (TP) ratio. However, CT-scan and X-ray images can also be used for early detection of Covid-19 related pneumonia. By the use of modern deep learning techniques, accuracy of more than 95% can be achieved. We used eight CNN (CovNet)-based deep learning models, namely ResNet 152 v2, InceptionResNet v2, Xception, Inception v3, ResNet 50, NASNetLarge, DenseNet 201, and VGG 16 for both X-rays and CT-scans to diagnose pneumonia. The achieved comparative results show that the proposed models are able to differentiate the Covid-19 positive cases.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88404073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes Agri-Snaps, an Internet of Things (IoT) agriculture monitoring system designed to improve farmers’ acceptance of using IoT technology in their farm field. Agri-Snaps consists of four dedicated sensor circuit modules that integrate magnetic pogo pin connectors for easier assembly with the controller circuit module. This work investigated how such a design can enable the farmers to understand how 1) to assemble, 2) self-troubleshoot, and 3) maintain the monitoring system independently without requiring expertise on the farm site. User-experience testing was conducted with ten participants to validate Agri-Snaps’s viability. The results showed that those participants positively rated Agri-Snaps as attractive, easy to understand and assemble, exciting, and innovative compared to the typical agriculture monitoring systems.
{"title":"Designing an IoT Agriculture Monitoring System for Improving Farmer’s Acceptance of Using IoT Technology","authors":"S. A. Anas, R. S. S. Singh, N. Kamarudin","doi":"10.48084/etasr.4667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4667","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes Agri-Snaps, an Internet of Things (IoT) agriculture monitoring system designed to improve farmers’ acceptance of using IoT technology in their farm field. Agri-Snaps consists of four dedicated sensor circuit modules that integrate magnetic pogo pin connectors for easier assembly with the controller circuit module. This work investigated how such a design can enable the farmers to understand how 1) to assemble, 2) self-troubleshoot, and 3) maintain the monitoring system independently without requiring expertise on the farm site. User-experience testing was conducted with ten participants to validate Agri-Snaps’s viability. The results showed that those participants positively rated Agri-Snaps as attractive, easy to understand and assemble, exciting, and innovative compared to the typical agriculture monitoring systems.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88495594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a new feature extraction technique for face recognition. The new model, called multi-descriptor, is based on the well-known method of local binary patterns. It involves many different neighborhoods of the central pixel. Its unique advantage is that this descriptor allows the use of different neighborhood sizes instead of only one point. This structure ensures reasonable effectiveness and also provides the possibility to obtain a different distribution of features. Based on the new descriptor, a face recognition model using the pairwise feature descriptor based on the proposed descriptor was developed in this work, and local binary patterns were created to investigate the similarity and dissimilarity between the two models. For both models, the training was done using the support vector machine method on different face databases to overcome face recognition problems such as camera distance, expression, large head size, and illumination variations. The proposed technique achieved perfect accuracy on almost all tested databases including the Extended Yale B and Grimace database.
{"title":"A Novel Feature Extraction Descriptor for Face Recognition","authors":"A. Salamh, H. Akyüz","doi":"10.48084/etasr.4624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4624","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new feature extraction technique for face recognition. The new model, called multi-descriptor, is based on the well-known method of local binary patterns. It involves many different neighborhoods of the central pixel. Its unique advantage is that this descriptor allows the use of different neighborhood sizes instead of only one point. This structure ensures reasonable effectiveness and also provides the possibility to obtain a different distribution of features. Based on the new descriptor, a face recognition model using the pairwise feature descriptor based on the proposed descriptor was developed in this work, and local binary patterns were created to investigate the similarity and dissimilarity between the two models. For both models, the training was done using the support vector machine method on different face databases to overcome face recognition problems such as camera distance, expression, large head size, and illumination variations. The proposed technique achieved perfect accuracy on almost all tested databases including the Extended Yale B and Grimace database.","PeriodicalId":11826,"journal":{"name":"Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86495832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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