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2018 International Conference on Manipulation, Automation and Robotics at Small Scales (MARSS)最新文献

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Copyright Information 版权信息
R. Freiwald
Copyright and Reprint Permission: Abstrating is permitted with credit to the source. Libraries are permitted to photocopy beyond the limit of U.S. copyright law for private use of patrons those articles in this volume that carry a code at the bottom of the first page, provided the per-copy fee indicated in the code is paid through Copyright clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. For reprint or republication permission, email to IEEE Copyrights Manager at pubs-permission@ieee.org. All right reserved. Copyright ©2018 by IEEE.
版权和转载许可:允许文摘并注明出处。在美国版权法的限制之外,图书馆允许影印本卷中第一页底部带有代码的文章,供用户私人使用,前提是代码中显示的每本费用由版权清查中心支付,地址:222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923。如需转载或转载许可,请发送电子邮件至IEEE版权经理pubs-permission@ieee.org。版权所有。IEEE版权所有©2018。
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引用次数: 0
Implementation Scheme of Orbital Refueling Using Microsate IIite 微卫星轨道加注实现方案
Li Yuan-dong, Wang Na-na
The orbital refueling in space can prolong the lifetime of spacecraft and reduce the cost of space applications. Therefore, it is an important direction for the development of space technology in the future. In this paper, a scheme using microsatellite to operate orbital refueling for the GEO spacecraft is designed. The process of rendezvous and refueling are emphatically described. In addition, the key technologies of microsatellite propulsion, control, observation are analyzed and prospected. At last, the commercial prospect of this scheme is analyzed.
空间轨道加油可以延长航天器的使用寿命,降低空间应用的成本。因此,它是未来空间技术发展的重要方向。本文设计了一种利用微卫星对地球同步轨道航天器进行轨道加油的方案。重点描述了交会和加油过程。此外,对微卫星推进、控制、观测等关键技术进行了分析和展望。最后,对该方案的商业前景进行了分析。
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引用次数: 0
Ferrofluid Levitated Micro/Milli-Robots 铁磁流体悬浮微/毫机器人
A. Hsu, A. Wong-Foy, R. Pelrine
In this article, we study the use of ferrofluids for levitating magnetic micro/milli-robots. With the addition of a ferrofluid, the robots improved their weight-carrying ability (xI2, >12 grams) and precision (x2 ~5 um) without any associated increase in actuation power of the robot relative to sliding versions without the ferrofluid. To better understand the longterm stability of a ferrofluid on the micro/milli-robot, we perform motion cycle testing on two different surfaces (graphite and Teflon), ultimately achieving a motion repeatability and pose angular stability of 5 um and 0.05 °, close to the limits of our measurement setup. The underdamped motion of the ferrofluid robot showed a natural resonance of ~58–60 Hz. Through careful control of the evaporation of the ferrofluid, we show long-term stability of a ferrofluid micro/milli-robot over the course of >11 hours. While the performance of the robot does change due to evaporation of the particular ferrofluid used, we also show that robots can easily be replenished with new ferrofluid after mechanically cleaning away the remaining ferrofluid. Overall, the application of ferrofluids toward magnetically actuated micro/milli-robots can enable low-cost and high-precision motion for future high-precision micro-manipulation or positioning tasks.
在本文中,我们研究了铁磁流体在悬浮磁性微/毫米机器人中的应用。随着铁磁流体的加入,机器人的负重能力(x2, >12克)和精度(x2 ~5 μ m)得到了提高,而与没有铁磁流体的滑动版本相比,机器人的驱动功率没有任何增加。为了更好地了解微/毫米机器人上铁磁流体的长期稳定性,我们在两种不同的表面(石墨和特氟龙)上进行了运动循环测试,最终实现了5微米和0.05°的运动重复性和姿态角稳定性,接近我们的测量设置的极限。铁磁流体机器人的欠阻尼运动表现为~58 ~ 60hz的自然共振。通过仔细控制铁磁流体的蒸发,我们展示了铁磁流体微/毫米机器人在>11小时的过程中的长期稳定性。虽然机器人的性能确实会因所使用的特定铁磁流体的蒸发而改变,但我们也表明,在机械清除剩余的铁磁流体后,机器人可以很容易地补充新的铁磁流体。总的来说,铁磁流体在磁驱动微/毫米机器人中的应用可以为未来的高精度微操作或定位任务实现低成本和高精度的运动。
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引用次数: 5
Vacuum-Driven Micropump with Support Columns: Toward Large Scale Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing 真空驱动微泵与支撑柱:迈向大规模单细胞rna测序
Kento Hisa, M. Kakugawa, T. Shibata, M. Nagai
Gene expression affects the behavior of a cell. The roles of genes in behavior are still unclear. Measurement of both single cell motion and gene expression (amount of mRNA) are helpful to elucidate the relationship between gene expression and behavior. We have been developing a new device to measure both single-cell motility and gene expression. This measurement requires a fluid device composed of 100 chambers. To realize such a device, we selected a vacuum driven micropump and characterized a fluid driven system using vacuum. We provided support columns with a pump. The pump area was changed and its influence on a flow rate was investigated. This characterization is expected to lead to the establishment of the basic technology for large scale RNA-sequencing.
基因表达影响细胞的行为。基因在行为中的作用尚不清楚。单细胞运动和基因表达(mRNA量)的测定有助于阐明基因表达与行为之间的关系。我们一直在开发一种新设备来测量单细胞运动和基因表达。这种测量需要一个由100个腔室组成的流体装置。为了实现这一装置,我们选择了一个真空驱动的微泵,并利用真空对流体驱动系统进行了表征。我们提供了带有泵的支撑柱。改变泵的面积,研究其对流量的影响。这一特性有望导致大规模rna测序的基础技术的建立。
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引用次数: 0
Autonomous Robotic Vehicle for Oil Spills Cleaning with Nano Particles 用纳米颗粒清理溢油的自主机器人车辆
M. Shah, Sakshi Kokil Shah, Mitesh Shah
In an era of increasing environmental concern, oil pollution arising either from marine accidents or from routine ship operations (tanker loading and unloading, etc.) is a major threat for the marine environment. The average quantity of ship-generated oil that ends up in the sea exceeds 350,000 tonnes per year. When an oil spill occurs, either in open or confined sea, the ecological damage on the local ecosystem could be huge and irreversible. In view of the above, there is a pressing need for continuous refinement of the existing means and the development and implementation of new technologies with help of Robotics for oil spill combating. To minimize the adverse environmental effects of an oil spill, research should focus to devise technologies that are able to confront the oil, aiming at its actual removal when this is still floating at sea. This paper describe robotic unit of high-power autonomy that adsorb oil over water surface with the help of Nano-particle and are able to recover oil from Nano-material when placed in magnetic field. A prototype model of robot with constraint design of floating and assembly of different parts inside it has been made with the help of 3D printing for above investigation. The robots suck oily water separating clear water to the outside and creating a stream of oil in the center. Oil collected during the process is stored in box, which can later be removed by crew members to recycle in magnetic field. Towards these directions, in this paper we present a novel concept for effective oil spill confrontation which is based on autonomous robotic systems using nanotechnology-based techniques.
在一个日益关注环境的时代,由海上事故或日常船舶操作(油轮装卸等)引起的石油污染是对海洋环境的主要威胁。平均每年流入海洋的船产石油超过35万吨。当石油泄漏发生时,无论是在开阔海域还是封闭海域,对当地生态系统的生态破坏可能是巨大的和不可逆转的。鉴于上述情况,我们迫切需要不断改进现有的方法,并在机器人技术的帮助下开发和实施新技术来扑灭溢油。为了最大限度地减少石油泄漏对环境的不利影响,研究应集中于设计能够对抗石油的技术,旨在在石油仍漂浮在海上时将其实际清除。本文描述了一种利用纳米粒子吸附水面上的石油,并在磁场作用下回收纳米材料中的石油的大功率自主机器人装置。为此,利用3D打印技术制作了具有漂浮约束设计的机器人原型模型,并对机器人内部的不同部件进行了装配。机器人吸入含油水,将清水分离到外面,并在中心形成一股油流。在这个过程中收集的油被储存在盒子里,稍后可以被船员取出在磁场中回收。针对这些方向,在本文中,我们提出了一种有效的溢油对抗的新概念,该概念基于基于纳米技术的自主机器人系统。
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引用次数: 3
Non-UV Patterning of Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogel by Optically Induced Electropolymerization 明胶甲基丙烯酰水凝胶的光诱导电聚合非紫外图图化
Yuzhao Zhang, Haibo Yu, Pan Li, Wenguang Yang, Junhui Law, Lianqing Liu, Gwo-Bin Lee, W. Li
The microenvironment for culturing of cells is important in tissue engineering and biomedical applications. Owing to their excellent biocompatibility, hydrogels are widely used to create microenvironments. One of the most useful hydrogels, gelatin methacryloyl (GeIMA), can be cured by ultraviolet (UV) light to form a polymer. However, the use of a photoinitiator in this process results in cellular toxicity. In this study, we developed a novel method to polymerize GelMA hydrogel into desired patterns based on the principle of optically induced electropolymerization. For this technique, the polymer films were electrodeposited by optical virtual electrodes at the surface of a photoconductive substrate, instead of real conductive metallic electrodes. The shapes of the virtual electrodes depend on digitally projected images. The thickness of the deposited films, ranging from nanometers to micrometers, is controlled by the duration of the applied AC voltage. In this paper, we discuss the parameters used during the optically induced electropolymerization process to realize several microstructures of GelMA hydrogel with different shapes and sizes.
细胞培养的微环境在组织工程和生物医学应用中具有重要意义。由于其良好的生物相容性,水凝胶被广泛用于创造微环境。最有用的水凝胶之一,明胶甲基丙烯酰(GeIMA),可以通过紫外线(UV)光固化形成聚合物。然而,在此过程中使用光引发剂会导致细胞毒性。在这项研究中,我们开发了一种基于光诱导电聚合原理的新方法,将GelMA水凝胶聚合成所需的图案。在这项技术中,聚合物薄膜是通过光学虚拟电极在光导衬底表面电沉积的,而不是真正的导电金属电极。虚拟电极的形状取决于数字投影图像。沉积薄膜的厚度,范围从纳米到微米,由施加交流电压的持续时间控制。本文讨论了光诱导电聚合过程中使用的参数,以实现不同形状和尺寸的GelMA水凝胶的几种微观结构。
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引用次数: 1
Topology Optimization of Compliant Mechanisms Using Moving Morphable Components with Flexure Hinge Characteristic 基于柔性铰链特性的运动可变形构件柔性机构拓扑优化
Rixin Wang, Benliang Zhu, Xianmin Zhang, Hongchuan Zhang, Qi Chen
This paper presents a compliant mechanisms synthesis method using moving morphable components (MMC) topology optimization with a view of replacing de facto hinges by specific flexure hinge characteristic. The shape of a common used corner-filleted hinge is embed into the profile of quadratically varying thickness component. The geometric parameters of the hinge is treated as design variables, participate in the optimization process directly. To obtain relatively stable topological configurations in different spring stiffness, keynodes connectivity preservation is applied which can provide a forced connection between components and input, output and fixed ports. The validity of the method is demonstrated using numerical examples.
提出了一种基于运动可变形元件拓扑优化的柔性机构综合方法,以柔性铰链的特定特性取代原有铰链。将常用的圆角铰链的形状嵌入到二次变厚度构件的轮廓中。将铰链几何参数作为设计变量,直接参与优化过程。为了在不同的弹簧刚度下获得相对稳定的拓扑构型,采用键节点连通性保持方法,在组件与输入、输出和固定端口之间提供强制连接。通过数值算例验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 3
Control of Head-Tilting Angle of the Diamagnetically Levitated Microrobot in Liquid Media 液体介质中反磁悬浮微型机器人头部倾斜角度的控制
A. A. Demircali, Cesur Atay Yilmaz, Husevin Uvet
In this work, open-loop and closed-loop lateral movement control of a microrobot in a liquid environment(DI-water) is presented. During the lateral movement of a diamagnetically levitated microrobot, the drag force caused by the fluid interaction must be minimized in order to increase the precision of localization. The magnitude of the drag force varies depending on the speed of the microrobot and its hydrodynamic structure. A new control technique has been developed and implemented to minimize the friction force to make the lateral movement more stable. Control techniques are accomplished with the help of a single ring-shaped neodymium magnet “lifter magnet $pmb{(40 text{mm}} pmb{text{x} 20 text{mm x} 8 text{mm}})$” with a lower magnetic force requirement. For positioning the lifter magnet, microstages capable of nano-precise motion in x, y and z axes are used. Another disk-shaped magnet is used in the center of the microbobot which is called a “carrier magnet”. With the developed vision based control mechanisms, the inability to move parallel to the surface of the microrobot “head tilting reaction angle” is reduced. As a result of an analysis with FEM program (COMSOL®), the open loop and closed loop angle equations related to stage speed and orbit distance are obtained by taking into consideration the mechanical delays. With these equations used in open and closed loop control, the head-tilting angle at low speeds (<2 mm/s) is reduced to 1°and at higher speeds(>2 mm/s) to 3.22°for open-loop control and 1.926°with closed loop control.
本文研究了微机器人在液体环境下的开环和闭环横向运动控制。在反磁悬浮微机器人的横向运动过程中,为了提高定位精度,必须使流体相互作用产生的阻力最小。阻力的大小取决于微机器人的速度及其流体动力结构。一种新的控制技术已经开发并实施,以尽量减少摩擦力,使横向运动更稳定。控制技术是借助单个环形钕磁铁“提升磁铁$pmb{(40 text{mm}} pmb{text{x} 20 text{mm x} 8 text{mm}})$”实现的,磁力要求较低。为了定位提升磁体,使用了能够在x, y和z轴上进行纳米级精确运动的微级。另一个圆盘状的磁铁被用在微型机器人的中心,被称为“载体磁铁”。利用开发的基于视觉的控制机制,减少了微型机器人无法平行于表面移动的“头部倾斜反射角”。利用COMSOL®有限元程序进行分析,得到了考虑机械时滞的轨道速度和轨道距离的开环和闭环角方程。在开环和闭环控制中使用这些方程,低速(2 mm/s)时的头部倾斜角开环控制为3.22°,闭环控制为1.926°。
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引用次数: 0
Design and Kinematics of a Compliant Stewart Micromanipulator 柔性Stewart微机械臂的设计与运动学研究
S. Mishra, C. S. Kumar
In this paper, a novel compliant model of Stewart platform is designed and analyzed. The literature shows that there is a need for micromanipulators having 6-DOF with high range of motions and low parasitic motion. A novel design for Stewart platform is developed for micromanipulation applications. The inverse kinematics with the help of pseudo-rigid-body model (PRB model) of the micromanipulator is formulated and solved. FEA simulations are carried out to know the 6-DOF motion capability of the micromanipulator. In the end, the dynamic performance of the FE model of the micromanipulator is presented.
本文设计并分析了一种新的Stewart平台柔性模型。文献表明,需要具有高运动范围和低寄生运动的6自由度微机械臂。针对微操作应用,提出了一种新的Stewart平台设计方案。利用伪刚体模型(PRB模型)建立并求解了微机械臂的运动学逆解。通过有限元仿真了解该微机械臂的六自由度运动能力。最后,给出了该微机械臂有限元模型的动态性能。
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引用次数: 3
Passive Steering of Miniature Walking Robot Using the Non-Uniformity of Robot Structure 基于机器人结构非均匀性的微型步行机器人被动转向
Jinhong Qu, Clark B. Teeple, Buyi Zhang, K. Oldham
This paper discusses the steering of a miniature, vibratory walking robot taking advantage of the robot's structural non-uniformity. Non-uniformity from fabrication and assembly can be detrimental to performance of miniature robots, but its potential for modifying robot locomotion is discussed in this work. A 3-centimeter-wide piezoelectric robot is described for the study of steering opportunities. This includes turning behavior that occurs away from resonance due to leg asymmetries and shuffling behavior caused by lateral motion of the actuators. Finite Element Analysis and beam theory are used to explain the resonances of the designed structure. The parameter variances are studied and experimentally validated, to illustrate the variability of locomotion effects emerging across the robot legs. Further explanation of the robot dynamics helps to determine possible mechanisms for steering, with rotational turning motion around resonance explainable with a previous dynamic model, and some candidate explanations for shuffling examined. The motion of the robot is recorded within the frequency range of 1.2 to 4.6 kHz, within which both turning and shuffling are observed in addition to longitudinal motion.
利用微型振动步行机器人结构的非均匀性,对其转向进行了研究。制造和装配的不均匀性可能对微型机器人的性能有害,但它在改变机器人运动方面的潜力在本工作中进行了讨论。描述了一个3厘米宽的压电机器人,用于研究转向机会。这包括由于腿部不对称而发生的远离共振的转向行为和由执行器的横向运动引起的洗牌行为。采用有限元分析和梁理论来解释设计结构的共振。对参数方差进行了研究并进行了实验验证,以说明机器人腿上出现的运动效果的可变性。机器人动力学的进一步解释有助于确定可能的转向机制,围绕共振的旋转转向运动可以用先前的动力学模型解释,以及对洗牌的一些候选解释。机器人的运动被记录在1.2到4.6 kHz的频率范围内,在这个频率范围内,除了纵向运动外,还可以观察到转弯和洗牌。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2018 International Conference on Manipulation, Automation and Robotics at Small Scales (MARSS)
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