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Neurocognitive dysfunction in adolescents with recent onset major depressive disorder: a cross-sectional comparative study. 近期重度抑郁障碍青少年的神经认知功能障碍:一项横断面比较研究。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02599-0
Olga Bienek, Kelly Allott, Linda Antonucci, Alessandro Bertolino, Carolina Bonivento, Stephan Borgwardt, Paolo Brambilla, Katharine Chisholm, Udo Dannlowski, Theresa K Lichtenstein, Joseph Kambeitz, Lana Kambeitz-Ilankovic, Nikolaos Koutsouleris, Rebekka Lencer, Siân Lowri Griffiths, Eleonora Maggioni, Eva Meisenzahl, Christos Pantelis, Marlene Rosen, Stephan Ruhrmann, Raimo K R Salokangas, Alexandra Stainton, Marian Surmann, Rachel Upthegrove, Julian Wenzel, Stephen J Wood, Georg Romer, Jörg Michael Müller

The aim of this study was to examine the neurocognitive deficits associated with the first episode of major depressive disorder (recent onset depression, ROD) in adolescents as compared to adult patients. Cross-sectional neurocognitive data from the baseline assessments of the PRONIA study with N = 650 (55.31% females) were analyzed. Based on a principal component analysis of eleven neurocognitive tests, we constructed an overall neurocognitive performance (NP) score. We examined mean score differences in NP between the groups of healthy controls (HC) and ROD and between adolescents (15-21 years) and adults (22-40 years) within a GLM approach. This accounts for unbalanced data with focus on interaction effects while controlling for effects of medication and educational years. Our results show lower NP for the ROD as compared to the HC group (d = - 0.29, p = .046) and lower NP for the adolescent group as compared to the adult group (d = - 0.29; p < .039). There was no interaction between these two group effects (F = 1.11; p = .29). Our findings suggest that the detrimental effect of ROD on neurocognitive functioning is comparable in adolescent and adult patients, since lower scores in adolescent patients are explained by effects of age and education. Neurocognitive impairment is an under addressed issue in clinical treatment guidelines for adolescent MDD. We suggest efficient monitoring in clinical practice by using an aggregate of the Digit Symbol Substitution Test and the Trail Making Test B, which highly correlated with the overall score of NP (r = 0.82).

本研究旨在探讨与成年患者相比,青少年首次发作重度抑郁症(新近发病抑郁症,ROD)时的神经认知缺陷。研究分析了来自 PRONIA 研究基线评估的横断面神经认知数据,样本数为 650 人(55.31% 为女性)。在对 11 项神经认知测试进行主成分分析的基础上,我们得出了神经认知表现(NP)总分。我们采用 GLM 方法研究了健康对照组(HC)和 ROD 组之间以及青少年(15-21 岁)和成人(22-40 岁)之间的 NP 平均得分差异。这种方法考虑到了不平衡数据,在控制药物和教育年限影响的同时,重点关注了交互效应。我们的结果显示,与 HC 组相比,ROD 组的 NP 较低(d = - 0.29,p = .046),与成人组相比,青少年组的 NP 较低(d = - 0.29;p = .046)。
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引用次数: 0
Early psychopathology: a persistently misunderstood and overlooked issue? 早期心理病理学:一个长期被误解和忽视的问题?
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02584-7
Franziska Schlensog-Schuster, Michael Kaess
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引用次数: 0
Mediation of DNA methylation (cg04622888 and cg05037505) in the association between childhood maltreatment and non-suicidal self-injury in early adolescents. DNA甲基化(cg04622888和cg05037505)在儿童虐待与青少年非自杀性自伤之间的关联中的中介作用。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02600-w
Yanqi Li, Shuangshuang Guo, Xinyi Xie, Yi Zhang, Ting Jiao, Yibo Wu, Ying Ma, Runsen Chen, Ruoling Chen, Yizhen Yu, Jie Tang

It is unclear whether DNA methylation underlies the association between childhood maltreatment (CM) and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in early adolescents. We aim to explore the mediation of specific DNA methylation sites in the associations of CM and its subtypes with NSSI, following investigation on the association between specific DNA methylation sites and NSSI. A case-control study was conducted to examine 155 adolescents aged 12-14 years who were identified to have engaged in NSSI and 201 controls. CM and its subtypes were evaluated by using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. The EPIC 850 k Bead Chip was used to discover differential methylation sites (DMSs) in the peripheral blood between 10 NSSI cases and 10 controls. Targeted pyrosequencing was employed to detect the levels of specific DMSs among the total study population, which were selected based on bioinformatics analyses and literature review. We discovered 456 DMSs between NSSI cases and controls, 219 were hypermethylated and 237 were hypomethylated. After controlling for potential confounders, CM or its subtypes, and the methylation of cg04622888 and cg05037505 were all significantly associated with NSSI (all P < 0.05). The total association of CM and its subtypes with NSSI were all significantly (all P < 0.05), with the standardized coefficient (β) ranged from 0.12 for physical neglect to 0.24 for emotional neglect and CM. Significant indirect association of physical neglect with NSSI through methylation of cg04622888 was observed and the mediating proportion was 0.14 (95%CI 0.06-0.23). Significant indirect associations of emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect with NSSI through methylation of cg05037505 were also observed, and the mediating proportions were 0.09 (95%CI 0.04-0.14), 0.08 (95%CI, 0.03-0.14) and 0.19 (95%CI 0.07-0.32), respectively. Data of this study suggested that methylation of cg04622888 and cg05037505 were independently associated with NSSI among early adolescents, and they partially mediated the associations of emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and physical abuse with NSSI.

目前还不清楚DNA甲基化是否是儿童虐待(CM)与青少年早期非自杀性自伤(NSSI)之间关联的基础。在对特定 DNA 甲基化位点与非自杀性自伤之间的关系进行调查之后,我们旨在探索特定 DNA 甲基化位点在儿童虐待及其亚型与非自杀性自伤之间的关系中的中介作用。研究人员进行了一项病例对照研究,调查了 155 名 12-14 岁、被确认有 NSSI 行为的青少年和 201 名对照组青少年。研究人员使用儿童创伤问卷对儿童创伤及其亚型进行了评估。利用 EPIC 850 k Bead Chip 发现了 10 名 NSSI 病例和 10 名对照者外周血中的差异甲基化位点(DMSs)。研究人员根据生物信息学分析和文献综述,选择了一些特定的甲基化位点,并采用靶向热测序法检测研究对象中特定甲基化位点的水平。我们在 NSSI 病例和对照组中发现了 456 个 DMSs,其中 219 个为高甲基化,237 个为低甲基化。在控制了潜在的混杂因素后,CM 或其亚型以及 cg04622888 和 cg05037505 的甲基化均与 NSSI 显著相关(所有 P
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引用次数: 0
Early remission of deliberate self-harm predicts emotion regulation capacity in adulthood: 12.4 years follow-up of a randomized controlled trial of adolescents with repeated self-harm and borderline features. 故意自残行为的早期缓解预示着成年后的情绪调节能力:对具有反复自残和边缘化特征的青少年进行的随机对照试验的 12.4 年随访。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02602-8
Iselin Solerød Dibaj, Anita Johanna Tørmoen, Ole Klungsøyr, Katharina Teresa Enehaug Morken, Egil Haga, Kine Johansen Dymbe, Lars Mehlum

Emotion regulation capacity, critical for adult functioning and mental health, develops strongly during adolescence in healthy individuals. Deficits in emotion regulation is often referred to as emotion dysregulation [ED] and is associated with various mental health problems, including repeated deliberate self-harm [DSH] which peaks in adolescence. Dialectical Behaviour Therapy for adolescents [DBT-A] systematically targets ED through strategies such as changing coping behaviours and has previously been shown to effectively induce DSH remission in adolescents. However, whether such remission is associated with improved emotion regulation capacity in adulthood, and whether this effect is mediated by changes in use of coping strategies has not been previously studied. Prospective long-term follow-up study of an RCT comparing DBT-A with enhanced usual care [EUC] for adolescents presenting to community child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinics with borderline personality features and repeated self-harm. Assessments included both structured interviews and self-report at baseline and 1.6, 3.1 and 12.4 years follow-up. In the final follow-up, adult ED was measured and data were collected for 61 (80%) of the original 77 participants. DSH remission was assessed at 1.6 years follow-up, and use of coping strategies at 3.1 and 12.4 years follow-ups. A mediation analysis was conducted within a causal inference framework. Both treatment groups increased their use of functional coping skills from adolescence to adulthood, while only DBT-A was associated with decreases in dysfunctional coping. There was a direct effect of DSH remission 1 year after treatment on adult ED, particularly for participants who did not receive DBT-A. There was a negative association between reductions in dysfunctional coping and adult ED, however this did not mediate the effect of DSH remission. This is the first study to report that early DSH remission in adolescence predicted lower ED in adulthood. These results highlight the importance of early DSH remission and provides new insight into the long-term relationship between DSH and ED. Clinical trial registration information: "Treatment for Adolescents with Deliberate Self-harm"; http://ClinicalTrials.gov/;NCT00675129.

情绪调节能力对成年人的功能发挥和心理健康至关重要,而健康人的情绪调节能力在青春期发育得很强。情绪调节能力的缺陷通常被称为情绪失调(ED),与各种心理健康问题有关,包括在青春期达到高峰的反复故意自残(DSH)。针对青少年的 "辩证行为疗法"(DBT-A)通过改变应对行为等策略,系统性地解决情绪失调问题。然而,这种缓解是否与成年后情绪调节能力的提高有关,以及这种效果是否由应对策略的使用变化所介导,以前还没有研究过。一项RCT前瞻性长期随访研究比较了DBT-A与增强型常规护理[EUC],研究对象为前往社区儿童与青少年精神科门诊就诊的具有边缘型人格特征且反复自残的青少年。评估包括基线时的结构化访谈和自我报告,以及 1.6 年、3.1 年和 12.4 年的随访。在最后一次随访中,对成人 ED 进行了测量,并收集了最初 77 名参与者中 61 人(80%)的数据。在 1.6 年的随访中评估了 DSH 缓解情况,在 3.1 年和 12.4 年的随访中评估了应对策略的使用情况。在因果推论框架内进行了中介分析。从青春期到成年期,两个治疗组都增加了功能性应对技能的使用,而只有 DBT-A 与功能失调应对的减少有关。治疗一年后,DSH缓解对成人ED有直接影响,尤其是对未接受DBT-A治疗的参与者。功能失调应对的减少与成人 ED 之间存在负相关,但这并不影响 DSH 缓解的效果。这是第一项报告青春期早期 DSH 缓解预示着成年后 ED 会降低的研究。这些结果凸显了早期DSH缓解的重要性,并为DSH和ED之间的长期关系提供了新的视角。临床试验注册信息:"青少年故意自残治疗"; http://ClinicalTrials.gov/;NCT00675129.
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引用次数: 0
Adult mental health outcomes of adolescent depression and co-occurring alcohol use disorder: a longitudinal cohort study. 青少年抑郁症和并发酒精使用障碍对成人心理健康的影响:一项纵向队列研究。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02596-3
Hannes Bohman, Sara Brolin Låftman, Iman Alaie, Richard Ssegonja, Ulf Jonsson

Depression and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are frequently co-occurring in adolescence, which often goes undetected in routine care. While this may potentially compromise treatment effectiveness and lead to a less favourable long-term prognosis, few longitudinal studies have followed this group into adulthood. The aim of this study was to explore the risk for adult depression, anxiety disorders, suicidality, and AUD in adolescents with concurrent depression and AUD. The study was based on the Uppsala Longitudinal Adolescent Depression Study (ULADS), a Swedish prospective cohort study. Diagnostic interviews were conducted in adolescence (age 16-17) and adulthood (around age 30). Adolescents with concurrent depression and AUD (n = 38) were compared with peers having only depression (n = 189) or neither of the conditions (n = 144). Logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Adolescents with concurrent depression and AUD were more likely than their non-affected peers to experience adult depressive episodes (aOR, 5.33; 95% CI, 2.22-12.83), anxiety disorders (4.05; 1.77-9.27), suicidality (5.37; 2.28-12.66), and AUD (7.68; 2.59-22.81). Notably, 34% of adolescents with both depression and AUD subsequently experienced both these conditions as adults, compared to 7% of adolescents with only depression. Adolescents suffering only from depression were less likely than those with both conditions to experience suicidality (0.44; 0.21-0.95) and AUD in adulthood (0.18; 0.07-0.44). These findings underscore the clinical imperative to identify adolescents with this comorbidity. Recognition of the poor long-term prognosis can inform targeted interventions for this vulnerable group, ultimately improving health and well-being throughout the life course.

抑郁症和酒精使用障碍(AUD)经常并发于青少年时期,在常规治疗中往往未被发现。虽然这可能会影响治疗效果,并导致较差的长期预后,但很少有纵向研究对这一群体成年后的情况进行跟踪。本研究旨在探讨同时患有抑郁症和 AUD 的青少年成年后患抑郁症、焦虑症、自杀和 AUD 的风险。该研究基于瑞典的一项前瞻性队列研究--乌普萨拉青少年抑郁纵向研究(ULADS)。在青少年期(16-17 岁)和成年期(30 岁左右)进行了诊断性访谈。同时患有抑郁症和 AUD 的青少年(38 人)与仅患有抑郁症(189 人)或两者均无的同龄人(144 人)进行了比较。采用逻辑回归法计算调整后的几率比(aORs)和 95% 的置信区间(CIs)。与未受影响的同龄人相比,同时患有抑郁症和 AUD 的青少年更有可能出现成人抑郁发作(aOR,5.33;95% CI,2.22-12.83)、焦虑症(4.05;1.77-9.27)、自杀倾向(5.37;2.28-12.66)和 AUD(7.68;2.59-22.81)。值得注意的是,34%同时患有抑郁症和注意力缺失症的青少年在成年后会同时出现这两种情况,而只患有抑郁症的青少年只有 7%。与同时患有抑郁症的青少年相比,仅患有抑郁症的青少年在成年后出现自杀(0.44;0.21-0.95)和AUD(0.18;0.07-0.44)的可能性较小。这些研究结果突出表明,临床上有必要识别患有这种合并症的青少年。认识到这种不良的长期预后可以为针对这一弱势群体的干预措施提供依据,最终改善他们一生的健康和福祉。
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引用次数: 0
Risk and protective factors for mental health problems in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: results of the longitudinal COPSY study. COVID-19 大流行期间儿童和青少年心理健康问题的风险和保护因素:COPSY 纵向研究的结果。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02604-6
F Zoellner, M Erhart, A-K Napp, F Reiss, J Devine, A Kaman, U Ravens-Sieberer

The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound effects on the mental health of children and adolescents worldwide, exacerbating existing challenges and introducing new stressors. This paper explores the impact of risk and protective factors on the mental well-being of young individuals during the pandemic. Using data from the German nationwide, population-based, longitudinal COPSY study (n = 2,471, girls: 50.0%, age 7-17 years) spanning nearly three years, this study investigates how factors such as gender, age, parental education, parental depressive symptoms, family cohesion, and social support influence mental health. Mental health problems were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Latent growth analysis and structural equation modeling were employed to analyze cross-sectional and longitudinal data collected at five measurement points (initial response rate: 46.8%). Findings revealed that boys and younger children are at a higher risk for mental health problems. Additionally, low parental education, single parenthood, parental burden due to the pandemic and parental depressive symptoms were significantly linked with mental health problems in children. Conversely, personal resources, family cohesion, and social support were associated with less symptoms. Family cohesion additionally buffered against the negative impact of parental depressive symptoms. The study underscores the importance of multi-level interventions that consider individual, familial, and societal factors in promoting positive mental health outcomes among children and adolescents during challenging times. Continued research and collaborative efforts are needed to develop evidence-based strategies for supporting the resilience of young individuals in the face of future adversities.

COVID-19 大流行对全球儿童和青少年的心理健康产生了深远的影响,加剧了现有的挑战并带来了新的压力。本文探讨了大流行期间风险因素和保护因素对青少年心理健康的影响。本研究利用德国全国性、基于人口的纵向 COPSY 研究(n = 2,471 人,女孩:50.0%,年龄 7-17 岁)的数据,调查了性别、年龄、父母教育程度、父母抑郁症状、家庭凝聚力和社会支持等因素对心理健康的影响。心理健康问题使用优势与困难问卷(SDQ)进行评估。采用潜增长分析和结构方程模型分析了在五个测量点收集的横截面和纵向数据(初始响应率:46.8%)。研究结果显示,男孩和年龄较小的儿童出现心理健康问题的风险较高。此外,父母受教育程度低、单亲家庭、父母因大流行病造成的负担以及父母的抑郁症状与儿童的心理健康问题有显著关联。相反,个人资源、家庭凝聚力和社会支持则与较少的症状有关。家庭凝聚力还能缓冲父母抑郁症状的负面影响。这项研究强调了多层次干预的重要性,即考虑个人、家庭和社会因素,促进儿童和青少年在充满挑战的时期获得积极的心理健康结果。我们需要继续开展研究和合作,以制定以证据为基础的策略,支持青少年在未来逆境中的恢复能力。
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引用次数: 0
Associations between academic achievement and internalizing disorders in Swedish students aged 16 years between 1990 and 2018. 1990年至2018年间瑞典16岁学生学习成绩与内化障碍之间的关系。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02597-2
Björn Högberg, Mattias Strandh, Solveig Petersen, Karina Nilsson

Background: Rising rates of internalizing disorders and rising rates of school failure among adolescents are growing concerns. Despite the strong association between academic achievement and internalizing disorders, possible links between these two trends have not been investigated. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the development of the cross-sectional associations between academic achievement and internalizing disorders in Swedish students aged 16 years between 1990 and 2018.

Methods: Register data on specialist psychiatric care and prescriptions of psycholeptic and psychotropic drugs were linked to data on students' school grades in the last year of compulsory school. The total sample size was 3,089,674 students. Logistic regression models with internalizing disorders as the dependent variable, and graduation year and academic achievement as independent variables, were estimated.

Results: Throughout the period, there was a strong negative association between academic achievement and internalizing disorders. Low-achieving students had by far the highest risks of internalizing disorders. In absolute terms, the increase in internalizing disorders was clearly largest for low-achieving students. The relative risks for low-achieving compared to higher achieving students increased between 1990 and 2010 and declined after 2010.

Conclusions: This study found consistently large, and at least until 2010 growing, achievement-related inequalities in internalizing disorders among Swedish adolescents between 1990 and 2018, with the lowest achieving students having disproportionally high risks. The increasingly pronounced concentration of internalizing disorders in the lowest rungs of the achievement distribution suggests that preventive interventions should focus on supporting this doubly disadvantaged group of students.

背景:青少年内化障碍发生率的上升和学业失败率的上升日益引起人们的关注。尽管学习成绩与内化障碍之间存在密切联系,但这两种趋势之间可能存在的联系尚未得到研究。因此,本研究旨在调查1990年至2018年间瑞典16岁学生的学业成绩与内化障碍之间的横截面关联的发展情况:将精神病专科护理登记数据以及精神和精神药物处方数据与义务教育最后一年学生的学业成绩数据联系起来。样本总数为 3,089,674 名学生。以内化障碍为因变量,毕业年份和学业成绩为自变量,对逻辑回归模型进行了估计:在整个研究期间,学业成绩与内化障碍之间存在很强的负相关。到目前为止,学习成绩差的学生患内部化障碍的风险最高。从绝对值来看,成绩差的学生患内化障碍的几率显然最大。与成绩较好的学生相比,成绩较差的学生的相对风险在 1990 年至 2010 年期间有所上升,但在 2010 年之后有所下降:这项研究发现,1990 年至 2018 年间,瑞典青少年中与成绩相关的内化障碍不平等现象持续存在,而且至少在 2010 年之前还在不断扩大,成绩最低的学生面临的风险过高。内化障碍越来越明显地集中在成绩分布的最低层,这表明预防性干预措施应侧重于支持这一双重弱势的学生群体。
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引用次数: 0
The mental health of European adolescents with vs. without a migration background (2013-2024)-a systematic review. 有移民背景与无移民背景欧洲青少年的心理健康(2013-2024 年)--系统回顾。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02589-2
Suze Lievrouw, Inez Myin-Germeys, Robin Achterhof

Migration has been associated with both adverse and potentially beneficial mental health outcomes, with varying impacts on adolescents. With great flux in European migrations streams, an update is required of its effects on adolescent mental health. This systematic review provides an overview of the relationship between migration background (first, second, and third generation) and psychopathology for youth aged 12-25 living in Europe. A systematic search based on four concepts (i.e., mental health, human migration, European Union, and adolescents) carried out on Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycArticles and Proquest Central led to the retrieval of 51 relevant studies published between April 2013 and August 2024. The present study was conducted and reported according to the PRISMA 2020 Checklist. Our systematic search found some evidence for the increased risk of mental health problems in people with a migration background, showing overall elevated risks for the development of psychotic experiences, psychosomatic symptoms, eating disorders, substance-related disorders and suicidal actions in the migrant population. Little consistent high-quality evidence was found for the effects of migration on any other mental health problems. Identified risk factors for adolescents with a migration background included being a first-generation migrant, low socio-economic status, low ethnic identification, and perceived discrimination. Results are mixed, but suggest that, overall, adolescents with a migration background have a mental health disadvantage. Intervention and prevention programs can be strengthened, not only by focusing more specifically on adolescent migrants, but also by considering the different contexts and experiences that put them at increased risk.

移民对青少年的心理健康既有不利影响,也有潜在的有利影响。随着欧洲移民流的不断变化,需要更新移民对青少年心理健康的影响。本系统综述概述了居住在欧洲的 12-25 岁青少年的移民背景(第一代、第二代和第三代)与精神病理学之间的关系。通过在 Pubmed、Embase、Web of Science、Scopus、PsycArticles 和 Proquest Central 上对四个概念(即心理健康、人口迁移、欧盟和青少年)进行系统检索,共检索到 2013 年 4 月至 2024 年 8 月间发表的 51 篇相关研究。本研究是根据《PRISMA 2020 核对表》进行研究和报告的。我们的系统性检索发现了一些证据,表明有移民背景的人群出现心理健康问题的风险增加,显示移民人群出现精神病体验、心身症状、饮食紊乱、药物相关紊乱和自杀行为的总体风险升高。关于移民对其他心理健康问题的影响,几乎没有发现一致的高质量证据。已确定的有移民背景的青少年的风险因素包括:第一代移民、社会经济地位低下、种族认同感低以及感受到的歧视。研究结果喜忧参半,但总体而言,有移民背景的青少年在心理健康方面处于劣势。要加强干预和预防计划,不仅要更具体地关注移民青少年,还要考虑到使他们面临更大风险的不同背景和经历。
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引用次数: 0
Recurrence of internet gaming disorder in Korean adolescents: a 24-month follow-up study. 韩国青少年网络游戏障碍的复发:一项为期24个月的跟踪研究。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02598-1
Sun-Jin Jo, Hae Kook Lee, Hans-Jürgen Rumpf, Hyunsuk Jeong, Hyeon Woo Yim

Many adolescents use internet games, and some of them experience psychological and social difficulties due to excessive gaming. Although there have been many studies on the onset and associated factors of internet gaming disorder (IGD) , research focusing specifically on its relapse is scarce. Considering that addictive disorders often have a chronic course with frequent relapse, this study prospectively observed adolescents from the general population to explore IGD recurrence rate and associated factors of recurrence. In this prospective cohort study, from 1587 middle school gaming users, 1452 (91.5%) were followed up at 12 months and 24 months. The results showed that the cumulative recurrence rate of IGD was 16.1%, which was higher than the initial incidence rate of 3.6%; the adjusted incidence rate ratio was 2.43 with 95% CI 1.21-4.87 (P = 0.012). In addition, starting internet gaming before entering primary school was associated with a higher risk of relapse (P = 0.004). Limiting internet gaming for children before they enter primary school may reduce the risk of relapse of IGD that they may encounter during their adolescent years.

许多青少年使用网络游戏,其中一些人因过度游戏而出现心理和社交障碍。虽然关于网络游戏障碍(IGD)的发病和相关因素的研究很多,但专门针对其复发的研究却很少。考虑到成瘾性疾病通常具有慢性病程和频繁复发的特点,本研究对普通人群中的青少年进行了前瞻性观察,以探讨网络游戏障碍的复发率和复发的相关因素。在这项前瞻性队列研究中,1587名中学游戏使用者中有1452人(91.5%)接受了12个月和24个月的随访。结果显示,IGD的累积复发率为16.1%,高于初始发病率3.6%;调整后的发病率比为2.43,95% CI为1.21-4.87(P = 0.012)。此外,在进入小学前开始玩网络游戏与较高的复发风险有关(P = 0.004)。在儿童进入小学之前限制他们玩网络游戏,可以降低他们在青春期可能遇到的IGD复发风险。
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引用次数: 0
Functional connectivity density of brain in children with primary nocturnal enuresis: results from a resting-state fMRI study. 原发性夜间遗尿症儿童大脑功能连接密度:静息态 fMRI 研究结果。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02586-5
Yang Zhang, Yaqin Di, Jing Chen, Xin Du, Jinqiu Li, Qiaohui Liu, Chunxiang Wang, Quan Zhang

Primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) is a disease characterized by involuntary urination during sleep after the age of five, causing inconvenience and psychological burden to children and their families. The onset of PNE is related to many factors, and in recent years, delayed central nervous system maturation has been considered one of the important causes of PNE. Previous studies have demonstrated functional changes in multiple brain regions in children with PNE. However, these studies either focused on changes in local brain regions or the functional connection (FC) between specific brain regions, and there is currently a lack of research on the whole brain FC in children with PNE. This study analyzed functional connectivity density (FCD) across the entire brain based on voxels and comprehensively evaluated the global FCD (gFCD), local FCD (lFCD), and long-range FCD (lrFCD). Decreased gFCD and lFCD were found in the left temporal lobe and the right posterior cerebellum in the children with PNE compared with the HC. The FCD values in these regions were negatively correlated with the scores of hyperactivity/impulsivity in the children with PNE. This study may help to reveal the neural mechanisms underlying the onset of PNE in children from a new perspective.

原发性夜间遗尿症(PNE)是一种以五岁以后睡眠时不自主排尿为特征的疾病,给儿童及其家庭带来不便和心理负担。PNE 的发病与多种因素有关,近年来,中枢神经系统成熟延迟被认为是 PNE 的重要病因之一。以往的研究表明,患有 PNE 的儿童大脑多个区域的功能发生了变化。然而,这些研究要么关注局部脑区的变化,要么关注特定脑区之间的功能连接(FC),目前还缺乏对PNE患儿全脑FC的研究。本研究分析了基于体素的全脑功能连接密度(FCD),并全面评估了全脑功能连接密度(gFCD)、局部功能连接密度(lFCD)和长程功能连接密度(lrFCD)。与正常儿童相比,PNE患儿左侧颞叶和右侧小脑后部的gFCD和lFCD均有所降低。这些区域的FCD值与PNE患儿的多动/冲动评分呈负相关。这项研究有助于从一个新的角度揭示诱发儿童神经衰弱的神经机制。
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引用次数: 0
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European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
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