European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry最新文献

The 2025 ESCAP Research Academy Workshop in Strasbourg focused on the impact of psychological trauma on the brain, emphasising mechanistic insights and early intervention strategies. Prior to the ESCAP Congress, this event aims at supporting the next generation of clinician-scientists in child and adolescent mental health (CAMH). Under the guidance of coordinators Alexis Revet and Paul Klauser, nineteen fellows from 13 countries engaged in comprehensive discussions. Keynote speakers Andrea Danese, Isabelle Mansuy, Vera Clemens, and Eric Bui, offered critical insights into trauma mechanisms and interventions. Using the "world café" model, participants developed a European-wide trauma questionnaire, illustrating international collaboration. The workshop, which was supported by the ESCAP Academic division, successfully integrated academic and clinical insights with personal development. The next workshop is scheduled to take place in 2027 in Athens.

This study aimed to determine whether a history of childhood abuse (CA) and baseline serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (sBDNF) levels predict remission at 12 weeks and 12 months in patients with depressive disorders, and to examine potential interactions between these factors. A total of 1,086 patients with depressive disorders, participating in a naturalistic, stepwise antidepressant treatment study, were assessed at baseline. CA was evaluated using the Nemesis Childhood Trauma Interview, and sBDNF levels were measured. Remission was defined as a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score of ≤ 7. Logistic regression analyses examined the independent and interactive effects of CA and sBDNF on remission outcomes, adjusting for relevant covariates. Low baseline sBDNF independently predicted poorer remission at 12 months (p = 0.045) but not at 12 weeks (p = 0.720). In adjusted analyses, CA alone did not significantly predict remission at either time point (all p > 0.05). However, patients who had both a CA history and low baseline sBDNF showed significantly lower remission rates at 12 weeks (p = 0.018) and 12 months (p = 0.009), indicating a significant interaction between these factors. These findings underscore the importance of integrating psychosocial and biological factors in personalized depression treatment. Routine screening for childhood trauma, combined with assessment of sBDNF levels, may help identify high-risk patients needing targeted interventions. Further prospective research is necessary to validate these findings.

Often under-diagnosed and comorbid with other developmental disorders, Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) predicts long-term individual difficulties. On a symptom level, persistent oppositionality in childhood predicts negative adult outcomes. Accessible community-based strategies that motivate adaptive child behavior are warranted. Organized youth sport potentially offers a developmentally appropriate supervised and structured context that fosters adaptive behavior. This study examines potential prospective associations between extracurricular middle childhood sport participation and ODD-type behavior in early adolescence, hypothesizing stronger associations in boys. We conducted prospective secondary analyses using data from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development. Participants included 1,492 children (49% boys) with complete data on trajectories of sport participation (consistent or low-inconsistent) between ages 6 and 10 years, drawn from prior longitudinal latent-class analyses on the same cohort. Children self-reported ODD-type behavior at ages 10 and 12 years. Ordinary least-squares regression estimated prospective associations for boys and girls, adjusting for baseline ODD-type behavior at age 6 and early childhood individual and family factors. Boys who consistently participated in sport showed significantly fewer oppositional-defiant behavior at ages 10 (B = - 0.45, SE = 0.22, p < 0.05) and age 12 years (B = - 0.46, SE = 0.22, p < 0.05) compared to boys with low-inconsistent participation. Associations at both ages were not significant for girls. Sustained involvement in organized youth sport during middle childhood predicted reduced oppositional and defiant behaviors among boys, supporting extracurricular activities as a natural community-based strategy, thus suggesting long-term benefits for health, education, and social systems.

Alterations in brain structure following adversity show inconsistencies. Jointly considering maltreatment exposure alongside externalizing psychopathology may therefore prove helpful. However, few prospective studies currently follow up maltreated youth with high or low externalizing problems using neuroimaging assessments. A structural magnetic resonance imaging study was conducted using T1-weighted scans from 98 youth (M_Age = 14.76, SD_Age = 1.96; 51% girls) comparing participants with low (n = 29) and high (n = 29) maltreatment exposure to carefully matched non-maltreated controls (n = 40). Comprehensive assessments of maltreatment history and psychopathology were ascertained across two waves, applying the Maltreatment Classification System alongside caregiver- and teacher-reported externalizing problems. Neuroimaging was conducted at the second wave. We found dose-dependent amygdala volume reductions following maltreatment and particularly abuse exposure, primarily driven by the basolateral subregion. Interaction analyses revealed lower amygdalar and hippocampal volumes in youth exposed to more vs. less extensive maltreatment, but merely among those with elevated externalizing problems. These findings highlight the value of the ecophenotype model for elucidating neural correlates of maltreatment and its sequelae.

This study investigates parental factors as predictors of the outcome of an internet-based and telephone-assisted parent training intervention targeting child disruptive behavior, when it was implemented nationwide in Finland. 2,900 families with children who met screening criteria at their 4-year-old health checkup received the 11-week intervention. Potential predictors included parents' age and educational attainment, family structure, enrollment year, parenting skills, and parental mental health. The outcome was the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5-5 externalizing score, collected at baseline, 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-ups. Hierarchical linear models were used to examine changes in the outcome over time. At 6 months, parents of children whose mothers had a college or university degree reported smaller reductions in child externalizing problems compared to those with lower maternal education (β= 0.87, 95% CI [0.28, 1.45], p= .004). At 24 months, greater reductions in externalizing problems were observed in children whose parents had a high parental over-reactivity score at baseline (β= -1.23, 95% CI [-1.97, -0.49], p= .001), as well as a medium or high baseline parental Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale total score (Medium: β= -1.01, 95% CI [-1.65, -0.36], p= .002; High: β= -1.05, 95% CI [-1.82, -0.28], p= .007). There were greater changes in the outcome over time among disadvantaged populations, particularly families with lower education, poorer parenting skills, or more severe parental mental health problems. Future research is needed to examine the consistency of these effects across diverse sociodemographic groups and settings.

This meta-analysis aims to identify intervention parameters (e.g., intensity, session time, frequency, and intervention duration) of targeted physical activity (PA) to improve inhibition control (IC) in children and adolescents with ADHD. The systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library. In this meta-analysis we assessed the overall effect of PA interventions and then conducted subgroup meta-analyses and meta-regression to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. Finally, we checked publication biases and performed sensitivity analyses. Sixteen studies (591 participants aged 7-17 years) were included. The result showed that targeted PA interventions improved IC with high heterogeneity (SMD = 0.71, 95% CI [0.30, 1.11], I² = 83.11%). Long-term interventions improved IC (SMD = 0.84, 95% CI [0.36, 1.31], p < 0.01), whereas acute interventions did not. Although no statistically significant group difference in long-term interventions was found (p > 0.05), examination of individual studies suggested greater improvements with session time around 60 min (SMD = 1.43), 2-3 times/week (SMD = 1.04), and intervention duration of at least 8 weeks (≥8 weeks: SMD = 0.49; ≥12 weeks: SMD = 1.19). Meta-regression revealed an inverted U-shaped relationship between frequency and intervention effects (β_frequency = 2.15; β_{frequency*frequency} = -0.57). Targeted PA interventions could improve IC in children and adolescents with ADHD, particularly designed with a moderate frequency. Although session time and intervention duration in long-term interventions showed no statistical significance in this meta-analysis, examination of individual studies revealed their promising results. Further investigations are therefore recommended.

Suicide is a leading cause of death among adolescents, highlighting the importance of early intervention in school settings. Universal mental health awareness programs, aimed at improving mental health literacy and help-seeking behaviors, are a key preventive approach. This study examined whether changes in thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness-two constructs from the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (IPTS)-mediate the effects of school-based mental health interventions on suicidal ideation (SI). A total of 436 adolescents from central Israel (154 boys, 279 girls; M = 14.6, SD = 1.1) were randomly assigned to either a mental health awareness intervention (N = 256) or a minimal-intervention control group with attendance monitoring (N = 180). Belongingness, burdensomeness, and SI were assessed at baseline, 1-month, and 1-year post-intervention. Regression analyses showed that lower belongingness (β = -0.25, p < .001) and higher burdensomeness (β = 0.21, p < .01) predicted higher SI at 1-month, while only belongingness remained significant at 1-year (β = -0.19, p < .01). The mental health awareness intervention increased school-specific belongingness (β = 0.22, p < .001), whereas attendance monitoring intervention increased general belongingness (β = 0.18, p < .01). Mediation analysis indicated that the effects of the intervention type on SI were not significantly mediated by general and school belongingness. These findings suggest that promoting broader social connectedness beyond school environments may support reductions in adolescent suicide risk over time.