Pub Date : 2024-08-07DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02531-6
Tony Antoniou, Kathleen Pajer, William Gardner, Melanie Penner, Yona Lunsky, Daniel McCormack, Mina Tadrous, Muhammad Mamdani, Peter Gozdyra, David N Juurlink, Tara Gomes
The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increases in the prevalence of depression and anxiety among children and young adults. We studied whether the pandemic was associated with changes in prescription benzodiazepine use. We conducted a population-based study of benzodiazepine dispensing to children and young adults ≤ 24 years old between January 1, 2013, and June 30, 2022. We used structural break analyses to identify the pandemic month(s) when changes in prescription benzodiazepine dispensing occurred, and interrupted time series models to quantify changes in dispensing following the structural break and compare observed and expected benzodiazepine use. A structural break occurs where there is a sudden change in the trend of a time series. We observed an immediate decline in benzodiazepine dispensing of 23.6 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -33.6 to -21.2) associated with a structural break in April 2020, followed by a monthly decrease in the trend of 0.3 per 100,000 (95% CI: -0.74 to 0.14). Lower than expected benzodiazepine dispensing rates were observed each month of the pandemic from April 2020 onward, with relative percent differences ranging from - 7.4% (95% CI: -10.1% to - 4.7%) to -20.9% (95% CI: -23.2% to -18.6%). Results were generally similar in analyses stratified by sex, age, neighbourhood income quintile, and urban versus rural residence. Further research is required to understand the clinical implications of these findings and whether these trends were sustained with further follow-up.
{"title":"Brief Report: A population-based study of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on benzodiazepine use among children and young adults.","authors":"Tony Antoniou, Kathleen Pajer, William Gardner, Melanie Penner, Yona Lunsky, Daniel McCormack, Mina Tadrous, Muhammad Mamdani, Peter Gozdyra, David N Juurlink, Tara Gomes","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02531-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-024-02531-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increases in the prevalence of depression and anxiety among children and young adults. We studied whether the pandemic was associated with changes in prescription benzodiazepine use. We conducted a population-based study of benzodiazepine dispensing to children and young adults ≤ 24 years old between January 1, 2013, and June 30, 2022. We used structural break analyses to identify the pandemic month(s) when changes in prescription benzodiazepine dispensing occurred, and interrupted time series models to quantify changes in dispensing following the structural break and compare observed and expected benzodiazepine use. A structural break occurs where there is a sudden change in the trend of a time series. We observed an immediate decline in benzodiazepine dispensing of 23.6 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -33.6 to -21.2) associated with a structural break in April 2020, followed by a monthly decrease in the trend of 0.3 per 100,000 (95% CI: -0.74 to 0.14). Lower than expected benzodiazepine dispensing rates were observed each month of the pandemic from April 2020 onward, with relative percent differences ranging from - 7.4% (95% CI: -10.1% to - 4.7%) to -20.9% (95% CI: -23.2% to -18.6%). Results were generally similar in analyses stratified by sex, age, neighbourhood income quintile, and urban versus rural residence. Further research is required to understand the clinical implications of these findings and whether these trends were sustained with further follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02538-z
Maite Ferrin, Alexander Häge, James Swanson, Kirstie H T W Wong, Ralf W Dittmann, Tobias Banaschewski, David Coghill, Paramala J Santosh, Marcel Romanos, Emily Simonoff, Jan K Buitelaar
Low medication-adherence and persistence may reduce the effectiveness of ADHD-medication. This preregistered systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42020218654) on medication-adherence and persistence in children and adolescents with ADHD focuses on clinically relevant questions and extends previous reviews by including additional studies. We included a total of n = 66 studies. There was a lack of consistency in the measurement of adherence/persistence between studies. Pooling the medication possession ratios (MPR) and using the most common adherence definition (MPR ≥ 80%) indicated that only 22.9% of participants had good adherence at 12-month follow-up. Treatment persistence on medication measured by treatment duration during a 12-month follow-up averaged 170 days (5.6 months). Our findings indicate that medication-adherence and persistence among youth with ADHD are generally poor and have not changed in recent years. Clinicians need to be aware that various factors may contribute to poor adherence/persistence and that long-acting stimulants and psychoeducational programs may help to improve adherence/persistence. However, the evidence to whether better adherence/persistence contributes to better long-term outcomes is limited and requires further research.
{"title":"Medication adherence and persistence in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a systematic review and qualitative update.","authors":"Maite Ferrin, Alexander Häge, James Swanson, Kirstie H T W Wong, Ralf W Dittmann, Tobias Banaschewski, David Coghill, Paramala J Santosh, Marcel Romanos, Emily Simonoff, Jan K Buitelaar","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02538-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-024-02538-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low medication-adherence and persistence may reduce the effectiveness of ADHD-medication. This preregistered systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42020218654) on medication-adherence and persistence in children and adolescents with ADHD focuses on clinically relevant questions and extends previous reviews by including additional studies. We included a total of n = 66 studies. There was a lack of consistency in the measurement of adherence/persistence between studies. Pooling the medication possession ratios (MPR) and using the most common adherence definition (MPR ≥ 80%) indicated that only 22.9% of participants had good adherence at 12-month follow-up. Treatment persistence on medication measured by treatment duration during a 12-month follow-up averaged 170 days (5.6 months). Our findings indicate that medication-adherence and persistence among youth with ADHD are generally poor and have not changed in recent years. Clinicians need to be aware that various factors may contribute to poor adherence/persistence and that long-acting stimulants and psychoeducational programs may help to improve adherence/persistence. However, the evidence to whether better adherence/persistence contributes to better long-term outcomes is limited and requires further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141893156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-04DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02543-2
Vicente Soriano, José Manuel Ramos, María Inés López-Ibor, Carlos Chiclana-Actis, Manuel Faraco, Joaquín González-Cabrera, Eduardo González-Fraile, Gemma Mestre-Bach, Héctor Pinargote, Manuel Corpas, Lucía Gallego, Octavio Corral, Hilario Blasco-Fontecilla
Mental disorders account for a large and increasing health burden worldwide. Characterizing the spectrum of mental disorders and trends over time in adolescents should influence education policies and support preventative strategies at schools. Retrospective study of all hospitalizations in Spain in adolescents 11-18-years old, including mental disorders as diagnosis using the Spanish National Registry of Hospital Discharges. Information was retrieved from 2000 to 2021. During the 22-year study period there were 2,015,589 hospitalizations in adolescents in Spain, of which 118,609 (5.9%) had mental disorders. The rate of psychiatric diagnoses significantly increased from 3.9% in 2000 to 9.5% in 2021. Females accounted for 55.1% of admissions. Mean age at admission declined from 17 to 15 years-old from 2000 to 2021. Mean hospital stay was 10.6 days. Mean in-hospital mortality was 0.24%. By rate order, diagnoses were: substance use disorders (SUD) (40%) > eating disorders (15%) > anxiety/posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (13%) > attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (9%) > major depression (8%) > schizophrenia/psychosis (6%) > autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (6%) > sleep disorder (3%) > suicidal behavior (2%) > sexual disorders (1%). A significant gender dichotomy was noticed, with female predominance for internalizing disorders (i.e., anxiety, depression, suicidal behavior and eating disorders) whereas externalizing disorders (i.e., SUD, ADHD, ASD, schizophrenia and other psychoses) predominated in males. Suicidal behavior and male sex were independent predictors of in-hospital death in multivariate analysis. After the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalizations due to mental disorders in adolescents increased by 51% in 2021. There is a growing crisis of mental health among adolescents in Spain. Although the COVID-19 pandemic has unveiled the high rate and severity of psychiatric disorders among youth, a steadily increase has occurred since the beginning of the millennium. Primary preventative strategies should be adapted to distinct and more prevalent mental disorders in adolescents.
{"title":"Hospital admissions in adolescents with mental disorders in Spain over the last two decades: a mental health crisis?","authors":"Vicente Soriano, José Manuel Ramos, María Inés López-Ibor, Carlos Chiclana-Actis, Manuel Faraco, Joaquín González-Cabrera, Eduardo González-Fraile, Gemma Mestre-Bach, Héctor Pinargote, Manuel Corpas, Lucía Gallego, Octavio Corral, Hilario Blasco-Fontecilla","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02543-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-024-02543-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mental disorders account for a large and increasing health burden worldwide. Characterizing the spectrum of mental disorders and trends over time in adolescents should influence education policies and support preventative strategies at schools. Retrospective study of all hospitalizations in Spain in adolescents 11-18-years old, including mental disorders as diagnosis using the Spanish National Registry of Hospital Discharges. Information was retrieved from 2000 to 2021. During the 22-year study period there were 2,015,589 hospitalizations in adolescents in Spain, of which 118,609 (5.9%) had mental disorders. The rate of psychiatric diagnoses significantly increased from 3.9% in 2000 to 9.5% in 2021. Females accounted for 55.1% of admissions. Mean age at admission declined from 17 to 15 years-old from 2000 to 2021. Mean hospital stay was 10.6 days. Mean in-hospital mortality was 0.24%. By rate order, diagnoses were: substance use disorders (SUD) (40%) > eating disorders (15%) > anxiety/posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (13%) > attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (9%) > major depression (8%) > schizophrenia/psychosis (6%) > autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (6%) > sleep disorder (3%) > suicidal behavior (2%) > sexual disorders (1%). A significant gender dichotomy was noticed, with female predominance for internalizing disorders (i.e., anxiety, depression, suicidal behavior and eating disorders) whereas externalizing disorders (i.e., SUD, ADHD, ASD, schizophrenia and other psychoses) predominated in males. Suicidal behavior and male sex were independent predictors of in-hospital death in multivariate analysis. After the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalizations due to mental disorders in adolescents increased by 51% in 2021. There is a growing crisis of mental health among adolescents in Spain. Although the COVID-19 pandemic has unveiled the high rate and severity of psychiatric disorders among youth, a steadily increase has occurred since the beginning of the millennium. Primary preventative strategies should be adapted to distinct and more prevalent mental disorders in adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141888826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-03DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02540-5
Zhongliang Jiang, Hui Xu, Xianbin Wang, Wenyan Zhang, Anyi Zhang, Liping Yu, Shujin Hu, Kai Yang, Qinghao Yang, Yanlin Li, Yonghua Cui, Ying Li
Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) is a cluster of behavioral problems that severely affect an individual's functioning. Currently, there is no consensus on the main clinical features of CDS, and further exploration in large samples is needed. Using a cluster-stratified random sampling method, 72,106 children and adolescents were recruited from five provinces in mainland China for this study. Using both the traditional two-factor scoring method and the CBCL DSM-oriented scales, we assessed individual behavioral problems from psychopathological and DSM-oriented perspectives. Network analysis was employed to explore the relationship between CDS and behavioral problems. The various networks were compared by gender and age subgroups. Among 72,106 participants (mean age, 11.49 years; minimum age, 5 years; maximum age, 16 years), there were 36,449 males (50.5%) and 35,657 females (49.5%). From a psychopathological perspective, the motor symptoms node was associated with the sad node and the withdrawn node, while the cognitive symptoms node was linked to the nervous node and the self-conscious node. In terms of gender, males had stronger associations of the motor symptoms node with the sad node and the withdrawn node than females (P = 0.043), and weaker associations of the cognitive symptoms node with the nervous node than females (P = 0.027). In terms of growth stage, the adolescent group had stronger associations of the cognitive symptoms node with the nervous node and the self-conscious node than the child group (P = 0.016, 0.001). From DSM perspective, motor symptoms node were associated with sad node, and cognitive symptoms node were related to can't concentrate node, nervous node, and worthless node. With increasing age, there was an upward trend in the strength of the cognitive and motor symptoms node. CDS is closely linked to psychological and behavioral issues, especially internalizing problems, with differences observed by gender and growth stage. The connection between CDS and the affective, anxiety, and ADH symptoms is particularly pronounced.
{"title":"Psychopathology of cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS): a network analysis based on CBCL scales in 72,106 Chinese school students","authors":"Zhongliang Jiang, Hui Xu, Xianbin Wang, Wenyan Zhang, Anyi Zhang, Liping Yu, Shujin Hu, Kai Yang, Qinghao Yang, Yanlin Li, Yonghua Cui, Ying Li","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02540-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-024-02540-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) is a cluster of behavioral problems that severely affect an individual's functioning. Currently, there is no consensus on the main clinical features of CDS, and further exploration in large samples is needed. Using a cluster-stratified random sampling method, 72,106 children and adolescents were recruited from five provinces in mainland China for this study. Using both the traditional two-factor scoring method and the CBCL DSM-oriented scales, we assessed individual behavioral problems from psychopathological and DSM-oriented perspectives. Network analysis was employed to explore the relationship between CDS and behavioral problems. The various networks were compared by gender and age subgroups. Among 72,106 participants (mean age, 11.49 years; minimum age, 5 years; maximum age, 16 years), there were 36,449 males (50.5%) and 35,657 females (49.5%). From a psychopathological perspective, the motor symptoms node was associated with the sad node and the withdrawn node, while the cognitive symptoms node was linked to the nervous node and the self-conscious node. In terms of gender, males had stronger associations of the motor symptoms node with the sad node and the withdrawn node than females (<i>P</i> = 0.043), and weaker associations of the cognitive symptoms node with the nervous node than females (<i>P</i> = 0.027). In terms of growth stage, the adolescent group had stronger associations of the cognitive symptoms node with the nervous node and the self-conscious node than the child group (<i>P</i> = 0.016, 0.001). From DSM perspective, motor symptoms node were associated with sad node, and cognitive symptoms node were related to can't concentrate node, nervous node, and worthless node. With increasing age, there was an upward trend in the strength of the cognitive and motor symptoms node. CDS is closely linked to psychological and behavioral issues, especially internalizing problems, with differences observed by gender and growth stage. The connection between CDS and the affective, anxiety, and ADH symptoms is particularly pronounced.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141881284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-02-07DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02348-9
Lucia Beltrán-Garrayo, Junilla K Larsen, Rob Eisinga, Jacqueline M Vink, Miriam Blanco, Montserrat Graell, Ana Rosa Sepúlveda
Obesity is a well-recognized risk factor for adolescent depressive symptoms, but mediating mechanisms of this association have scarcely been studied. This study is unique in examining an indirect pathway of this link via body esteem (BE) prospectively from childhood (8-12 years) to adolescence (13-18 years). In addition, potential gender moderation was examined. This study utilized data from a case-control study comparing 100 children with and without obesity matched on important confounders (age, gender, and socioeconomic status). Our findings provide support for the mediating role of BE in the link between childhood weight status and adolescent depressive symptoms at a 5-year follow-up. This mediation effect did not differ between boys and girls. The findings suggest the relevance of specifically targeting children's BE in preventive intervention programs among children with obesity to prevent future mental health problems.
{"title":"Childhood obesity and adolescent follow-up depressive symptoms: exploring a moderated mediation model of body esteem and gender.","authors":"Lucia Beltrán-Garrayo, Junilla K Larsen, Rob Eisinga, Jacqueline M Vink, Miriam Blanco, Montserrat Graell, Ana Rosa Sepúlveda","doi":"10.1007/s00787-023-02348-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00787-023-02348-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a well-recognized risk factor for adolescent depressive symptoms, but mediating mechanisms of this association have scarcely been studied. This study is unique in examining an indirect pathway of this link via body esteem (BE) prospectively from childhood (8-12 years) to adolescence (13-18 years). In addition, potential gender moderation was examined. This study utilized data from a case-control study comparing 100 children with and without obesity matched on important confounders (age, gender, and socioeconomic status). Our findings provide support for the mediating role of BE in the link between childhood weight status and adolescent depressive symptoms at a 5-year follow-up. This mediation effect did not differ between boys and girls. The findings suggest the relevance of specifically targeting children's BE in preventive intervention programs among children with obesity to prevent future mental health problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139702155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2023-12-06DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02343-0
Gioia Bottesi
Sivertsen et al. (2023) showed that adolescents endorsing high levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms are at risk of increased mental health problems during emerging adulthood and suggested the existence of both homotypic and heterotypic continuities of mental disorders over time. Since adolescence and emerging adulthood are transition periods highly intertwined with uncertainty, the present perspective contextualizes the findings by Sivertsen et al. (2023) in relation to the extant literature on intolerance of uncertainty and the recently developed Uncertainty Distress Model. Moreover, it claims for further research addressing the way adolescents and emerging adults process and deal with uncertainty. Indeed, focusing more attention on the implications of trans-situational and trans-diagnostic constructs such as uncertainty distress and intolerance of uncertainty in these life stages may hold great promise to design and implement effective mental health prevention programs.
{"title":"Why we should focus more attention on uncertainty distress and intolerance of uncertainty in adolescents and emerging adults.","authors":"Gioia Bottesi","doi":"10.1007/s00787-023-02343-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00787-023-02343-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sivertsen et al. (2023) showed that adolescents endorsing high levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms are at risk of increased mental health problems during emerging adulthood and suggested the existence of both homotypic and heterotypic continuities of mental disorders over time. Since adolescence and emerging adulthood are transition periods highly intertwined with uncertainty, the present perspective contextualizes the findings by Sivertsen et al. (2023) in relation to the extant literature on intolerance of uncertainty and the recently developed Uncertainty Distress Model. Moreover, it claims for further research addressing the way adolescents and emerging adults process and deal with uncertainty. Indeed, focusing more attention on the implications of trans-situational and trans-diagnostic constructs such as uncertainty distress and intolerance of uncertainty in these life stages may hold great promise to design and implement effective mental health prevention programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138487047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2022-12-29DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02129-w
Francis Anne Teplitzky Carneiro, Valéria Leong, Sara Nóbrega, Fernando Salinas-Quiroz, Pedro Alexandre Costa, Isabel Leal
The present systematic review aims to assess the psychological adjustment of children born through assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) and to screen for clinical problems when compared with normative data from the standardized indexes of mental health. Following PRISMA guidelines, the search was conducted from inception through September 2021 using APA PsycInfo, APA PsycArticles, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection, Academic Search Complete, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo, and RCAAP. Search terms related to ART and children's psychological adjustment were combined to Boolean operators to identify relevant published studies in English, French, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish. Peer-reviewed studies focused on the psychological adjustment of ART children aged between the 3 and 11 years were included. From a total of 337 results, 45 papers were eligible to be included in this review. Data extraction was performed independently by two authors and revised and confirmed by other two authors. All children scored below the clinical range for psychiatric symptoms when compared with normative data for the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) or the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA), regardless of type of ART and different family configurations. Further, some evidence suggests that surrogacy children with gay fathers present the lowest levels of psychological problems when compared to normative data. These findings enable practitioners to develop an informed view of ART children mental health outcomes to help parents find more adaptive strategies to navigate their chosen pathways in healthier ways.
本系统综述旨在评估通过辅助生殖技术(ART)出生的儿童的心理适应情况,并与心理健康标准化指数的常模数据进行比较,筛查临床问题。根据 PRISMA 指南,我们使用 APA PsycInfo、APA PsycArticles、Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection、Academic Search Complete、Pubmed、Scopus、Web of Science、Scielo 和 RCAAP 进行了从开始到 2021 年 9 月的检索。与抗逆转录病毒疗法和儿童心理适应能力相关的搜索词与布尔运算符相结合,以确定以英语、法语、意大利语、葡萄牙语和西班牙语发表的相关研究。经同行评审的研究主要关注 3 至 11 岁 ART 儿童的心理适应问题。在总共 337 项结果中,有 45 篇论文符合纳入本综述的条件。数据提取由两位作者独立完成,并由另外两位作者进行修改和确认。与优势与困难问卷(SDQ)或阿亨巴赫实证评估系统(ASEBA)的常模数据相比,所有儿童的精神症状得分均低于临床范围,而与 ART 的类型和不同的家庭结构无关。此外,一些证据表明,与常模数据相比,父亲为同性恋者的代孕子女的心理问题水平最低。这些发现使从业人员能够对 ART 儿童心理健康结果形成一个明智的观点,以帮助父母找到更多的适应策略,以更健康的方式引导他们所选择的途径。
{"title":"Are the children alright? A systematic review of psychological adjustment of children conceived by assisted reproductive technologies.","authors":"Francis Anne Teplitzky Carneiro, Valéria Leong, Sara Nóbrega, Fernando Salinas-Quiroz, Pedro Alexandre Costa, Isabel Leal","doi":"10.1007/s00787-022-02129-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00787-022-02129-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present systematic review aims to assess the psychological adjustment of children born through assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) and to screen for clinical problems when compared with normative data from the standardized indexes of mental health. Following PRISMA guidelines, the search was conducted from inception through September 2021 using APA PsycInfo, APA PsycArticles, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection, Academic Search Complete, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo, and RCAAP. Search terms related to ART and children's psychological adjustment were combined to Boolean operators to identify relevant published studies in English, French, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish. Peer-reviewed studies focused on the psychological adjustment of ART children aged between the 3 and 11 years were included. From a total of 337 results, 45 papers were eligible to be included in this review. Data extraction was performed independently by two authors and revised and confirmed by other two authors. All children scored below the clinical range for psychiatric symptoms when compared with normative data for the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) or the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA), regardless of type of ART and different family configurations. Further, some evidence suggests that surrogacy children with gay fathers present the lowest levels of psychological problems when compared to normative data. These findings enable practitioners to develop an informed view of ART children mental health outcomes to help parents find more adaptive strategies to navigate their chosen pathways in healthier ways.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10454329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-01-06DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02344-z
Kate L Anning, Kate Langley, Christopher Hobson, Stephanie H M van Goozen
Self-regulation (SR) difficulties are implicated in a wide range of disorders which develop in childhood, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiance disorder (ODD), anxiety and depression. However, the integration of the existing research evidence is challenging because of varying terminology and the wide range of tasks used, as well as the heterogeneity and comorbidity within and across diagnostic categories. The current study used the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework to guide the examination of different SR processes in young children showing a wide range of symptomatology. Children (aged 4-8) referred by teachers for moderate-to-high conduct, hyperactivity and/or emotional problems at school (assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) subscales; n = 212), and children in SDQ typical ranges (n = 30) completed computerised cognitive control and decision-making tasks. Parents completed questionnaires to assess ADHD, ODD, anxiety and depression symptoms (n = 191). Compared to children with no teacher-reported difficulties, those with moderate-to-high problems showed poorer visuomotor control and decision-making. A factor analysis revealed that task variables adhered to RDoC dimensions and predicted variance in specific disorders: difficulties in cognitive control predicted ADHD symptoms, low reward-seeking was associated with depression and high reward-seeking was associated with ODD. This study highlights how the assessment of cognitive processes positioned within the RDoC framework can inform our understanding of disorder-specific and transdiagnostic difficulties in SR which are associated with diverse clinical symptoms in children.
自我调节(SR)障碍与儿童期出现的多种疾病有关,包括注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)、对立违抗障碍(ODD)、焦虑症和抑郁症。然而,由于术语不同、使用的任务范围广泛,以及诊断类别内部和之间的异质性和合并性,整合现有研究证据具有挑战性。本研究使用研究领域标准(RDoC)框架来指导对表现出各种症状的幼儿的不同 SR 过程进行检查。由教师转介的在学校有中度至高度行为、多动和/或情绪问题的儿童(4-8 岁)(使用优势与困难问卷(SDQ)分量表进行评估;n = 212)和 SDQ 典型范围内的儿童(n = 30)完成了计算机化的认知控制和决策任务。家长填写了评估多动症、注意力缺失症、焦虑症和抑郁症状的问卷(n = 191)。与没有教师报告困难的儿童相比,有中度至高度问题的儿童在视觉运动控制和决策方面表现较差。因子分析显示,任务变量与 RDoC 维度一致,并可预测特定障碍的差异:认知控制困难可预测多动症症状,低寻求奖赏与抑郁症相关,而高寻求奖赏与 ODD 相关。本研究强调了在 RDoC 框架内对认知过程进行评估,可以帮助我们了解 SR 中与特定障碍和跨诊断障碍相关的困难,这些困难与儿童的各种临床症状有关。
{"title":"Cool and hot executive function problems in young children: linking self-regulation processes to emerging clinical symptoms.","authors":"Kate L Anning, Kate Langley, Christopher Hobson, Stephanie H M van Goozen","doi":"10.1007/s00787-023-02344-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00787-023-02344-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Self-regulation (SR) difficulties are implicated in a wide range of disorders which develop in childhood, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiance disorder (ODD), anxiety and depression. However, the integration of the existing research evidence is challenging because of varying terminology and the wide range of tasks used, as well as the heterogeneity and comorbidity within and across diagnostic categories. The current study used the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework to guide the examination of different SR processes in young children showing a wide range of symptomatology. Children (aged 4-8) referred by teachers for moderate-to-high conduct, hyperactivity and/or emotional problems at school (assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) subscales; n = 212), and children in SDQ typical ranges (n = 30) completed computerised cognitive control and decision-making tasks. Parents completed questionnaires to assess ADHD, ODD, anxiety and depression symptoms (n = 191). Compared to children with no teacher-reported difficulties, those with moderate-to-high problems showed poorer visuomotor control and decision-making. A factor analysis revealed that task variables adhered to RDoC dimensions and predicted variance in specific disorders: difficulties in cognitive control predicted ADHD symptoms, low reward-seeking was associated with depression and high reward-seeking was associated with ODD. This study highlights how the assessment of cognitive processes positioned within the RDoC framework can inform our understanding of disorder-specific and transdiagnostic difficulties in SR which are associated with diverse clinical symptoms in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139110901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-01-22DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02361-y
Irene Campos-Sánchez, Eva María Navarrete-Muñoz, Miriam Hurtado-Pomares, Jordi Júlvez, Nerea Lertxundi, Dries S Martens, Ana Fernández-Somoano, Isolina Riaño-Galán, Mònica Guxens, Jesús María Ibarluzea, Tim Nawrot, Desirée Valera-Gran
Shortened telomere length (TL) has been associated with lower cognitive performance, different neurological diseases in adults, and certain neurodevelopmental disorders in children. However, the evidence about the association between TL and neuropsychological developmental outcomes in children from the general population is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the association between TL and neuropsychological function in children 4-5 years of age. We included 686 children from the INMA Project, a population-based birth cohort in Spain. Leucocyte TL was determined by quantitative PCR method, and neuropsychological outcomes were measured using the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities (MCSA). Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate associations adjusted for potential confounding variables. Main findings showed that a longer TL was associated with a higher mean working memory score (β = 4.55; 95% CI = 0.39, 8.71). In addition, longer TL was associated with a higher mean global quantitative score (β = 3.85; 95% CI = -0.19, 7.89), although the association was marginally significant. To our knowledge, this is the first study that shows a positive association between TL and better neuropsychological outcomes in children. Although further research is required to confirm these results, this study supports the hypothesis that TL is essential in protecting and maintaining a child's health, including cognitive functions such as working memory.
{"title":"Association between telomere length and neuropsychological function at 4-5 years in children from the INMA project: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Irene Campos-Sánchez, Eva María Navarrete-Muñoz, Miriam Hurtado-Pomares, Jordi Júlvez, Nerea Lertxundi, Dries S Martens, Ana Fernández-Somoano, Isolina Riaño-Galán, Mònica Guxens, Jesús María Ibarluzea, Tim Nawrot, Desirée Valera-Gran","doi":"10.1007/s00787-023-02361-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00787-023-02361-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shortened telomere length (TL) has been associated with lower cognitive performance, different neurological diseases in adults, and certain neurodevelopmental disorders in children. However, the evidence about the association between TL and neuropsychological developmental outcomes in children from the general population is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the association between TL and neuropsychological function in children 4-5 years of age. We included 686 children from the INMA Project, a population-based birth cohort in Spain. Leucocyte TL was determined by quantitative PCR method, and neuropsychological outcomes were measured using the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities (MCSA). Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate associations adjusted for potential confounding variables. Main findings showed that a longer TL was associated with a higher mean working memory score (β = 4.55; 95% CI = 0.39, 8.71). In addition, longer TL was associated with a higher mean global quantitative score (β = 3.85; 95% CI = -0.19, 7.89), although the association was marginally significant. To our knowledge, this is the first study that shows a positive association between TL and better neuropsychological outcomes in children. Although further research is required to confirm these results, this study supports the hypothesis that TL is essential in protecting and maintaining a child's health, including cognitive functions such as working memory.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11272730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139512257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2022-12-04DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02117-0
Lisa Loheide-Niesmann, Madelon M E Riem, Maaike Cima
Child maltreatment can negatively impact not only survivors but also survivors' children. However, research on the intergenerational effect of maternal childhood maltreatment on child externalizing behaviour has yielded contradictory results and has not yet been systematically synthesised. The current three-level meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to provide a quantitative estimate of the strength of the association between maternal childhood maltreatment and child externalizing behaviour and to summarise research on potential mediating factors of this association. PsycINFO, PubMed, and Embase were searched and 39 studies with 82 effects sizes were included in the meta-analysis. Results revealed a small significant association between maternal childhood maltreatment and child externalizing behaviour (r = 0.16; 95% CI 0.12-0.19; publication bias-adjusted effect size: r = 0.12, 95% CI 0.08-0.16). Maternal mental health, particularly depressive symptoms, maternal parenting and children's maltreatment exposure were the most frequently examined mediators of this association, with relatively robust mediating effects for children's maltreatment exposure and maternal depressive symptoms, but mixed evidence for the mediating role of maternal parenting. This meta-analysis provides evidence for a small but significant association between maternal childhood maltreatment and children's externalizing behaviour, emphasizing the need to develop effective preventive and intervention strategies to minimise the effects of childhood maltreatment on the next generation.
虐待儿童不仅会对幸存者造成负面影响,也会对幸存者的子女造成负面影响。然而,关于母婴虐待对儿童外化行为的代际影响的研究结果相互矛盾,尚未进行系统的综合。目前的三级荟萃分析和系统综述旨在对母婴虐待与儿童外化行为之间的关联强度进行量化评估,并总结有关这种关联的潜在中介因素的研究。荟萃分析检索了 PsycINFO、PubMed 和 Embase,共纳入了 39 项研究,效应大小为 82。结果显示,母亲童年虐待与儿童外化行为之间存在微小的显著关联(r = 0.16;95% CI 0.12-0.19;出版偏差调整效应大小:r = 0.12,95% CI 0.08-0.16)。母亲的心理健康(尤其是抑郁症状)、母亲养育子女的情况和儿童遭受虐待的情况是这种关联最常见的中介因素,其中儿童遭受虐待和母亲抑郁症状的中介效应相对较强,而母亲养育子女的中介作用则证据不一。这项荟萃分析提供的证据表明,母亲虐待儿童与儿童的外化行为之间存在微小但显著的关联,强调有必要制定有效的预防和干预策略,以尽量减少儿童虐待对下一代的影响。
{"title":"The impact of maternal childhood maltreatment on child externalizing behaviour and the mediating factors underlying this association: a three-level meta-analysis and systematic review.","authors":"Lisa Loheide-Niesmann, Madelon M E Riem, Maaike Cima","doi":"10.1007/s00787-022-02117-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00787-022-02117-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Child maltreatment can negatively impact not only survivors but also survivors' children. However, research on the intergenerational effect of maternal childhood maltreatment on child externalizing behaviour has yielded contradictory results and has not yet been systematically synthesised. The current three-level meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to provide a quantitative estimate of the strength of the association between maternal childhood maltreatment and child externalizing behaviour and to summarise research on potential mediating factors of this association. PsycINFO, PubMed, and Embase were searched and 39 studies with 82 effects sizes were included in the meta-analysis. Results revealed a small significant association between maternal childhood maltreatment and child externalizing behaviour (r = 0.16; 95% CI 0.12-0.19; publication bias-adjusted effect size: r = 0.12, 95% CI 0.08-0.16). Maternal mental health, particularly depressive symptoms, maternal parenting and children's maltreatment exposure were the most frequently examined mediators of this association, with relatively robust mediating effects for children's maltreatment exposure and maternal depressive symptoms, but mixed evidence for the mediating role of maternal parenting. This meta-analysis provides evidence for a small but significant association between maternal childhood maltreatment and children's externalizing behaviour, emphasizing the need to develop effective preventive and intervention strategies to minimise the effects of childhood maltreatment on the next generation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40547647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}