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Correction: An investigation of the acute effects of aerobic exercise on executive function and cortical excitability in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). 更正:有氧运动对注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)青少年执行功能和大脑皮层兴奋性的急性影响调查。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02583-8
Hsiao-I Kuo, Jia-Ling Sun, Michael Nitsche, Jung-Chi Chang
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引用次数: 0
Correlation of screen exposure to stress, learning, cognitive and language performance in children. 屏幕暴露与儿童压力、学习、认知和语言表现的相关性。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02593-6
Andrea Hahnefeld, Monika Fink, Saskia Le Beherec, Marie Anna Baur, Katharina Bernhardt, Volker Mall

The omnipresence of mobile screens and convenience to operate them has led to increased screen time for young children whereas the sequelae of prolonged exposure are not known yet. 70 refugee children (RG) and 111 children of a clinical comparison group (CG) from a help-seeking population (age: M = 5.10; SD = 1.11; range 3.00-6.97 years) were assessed concerning their amount of daily screen exposure time in relation to parental education and distress. Salivary cortisol was collected as a marker for biological stress and children were tested concerning learning performance, non-verbal IQ and vocabulary with the Kaufmann Assessment Battery for Children (KABC-II). Language skills were assessed in educator rating. The amount of children's screen exposure was negatively related to parental education and positively to distress. In the CG, higher amounts of screen time were associated with elevated cortisol levels and lower learning scores. On both measures, the RG and CG only differed in the condition of screen time less than one hour/day, for higher amounts of screen time the CG approached the more problematic scores of the RG. Whereas in the whole sample the amount of screen time was negatively correlated to language performance, it was not correlated to non-verbal IQ-scores. As a higher amount of media exposure in our clinical comparison group is associated with elevated biological stress, decreased learning and lower language performance, it should be classified as a relevant environmental factor and regularly considered in clinical assessments of children and therapeutical interventions, especially in vulnerable subgroups. German clinical trials register, registration number: DRKS00025734, date: 07-23-2021.

手机屏幕无处不在,操作也很方便,这导致幼儿使用屏幕的时间增加,但长期接触屏幕的后遗症尚不清楚。研究人员对来自求助人群的 70 名难民儿童(RG)和 111 名临床对比组儿童(CG)(年龄:M = 5.10;SD = 1.11;范围:3.00-6.97 岁)进行了评估,以了解他们每天接触屏幕的时间与父母的教育程度和苦恼的关系。收集唾液皮质醇作为生物压力的标志物,并使用考夫曼儿童评估测试(KABC-II)对儿童的学习成绩、非语言智商和词汇量进行测试。语言技能则由教育工作者评分评估。儿童接触屏幕的时间与父母的教育程度呈负相关,与心理压力呈正相关。在 CG 中,较多的屏幕时间与皮质醇水平升高和较低的学习成绩有关。在这两项测量中,RG 和 CG 仅在每天屏幕时间少于一小时的情况下存在差异,屏幕时间越长,CG 的得分越接近 RG 的问题得分。在整个样本中,屏幕时间的长短与语言成绩呈负相关,但与非语言智商分数无关。在我们的临床对比组中,较多的媒体接触时间与生物压力升高、学习能力下降和语言成绩降低有关,因此应将其归类为相关的环境因素,并在儿童临床评估和治疗干预中定期加以考虑,尤其是在易受伤害的亚群体中。德国临床试验登记册,登记号:DRKS00025734,日期:2011 年 1 月 1 日:DRKS00025734,日期:07-23-2021。
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引用次数: 0
Scrolling through adolescence: a systematic review of the impact of TikTok on adolescent mental health. 滚动浏览青春期:TikTok 对青少年心理健康影响的系统回顾。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02581-w
Giulia Conte, Giorgia Di Iorio, Dario Esposito, Sara Romano, Fabiola Panvino, Susanna Maggi, Benedetta Altomonte, Maria Pia Casini, Mauro Ferrara, Arianna Terrinoni

Amidst rising concerns about mental health in adolescents, the role of social media (SM), particularly highly visual platforms such as TikTok, has become a growing focus of investigation. In the extant literature, conclusive evidence is limited by the aggregate analysis of very heterogeneous SM platforms. This systematic scoping review examines the relationship between TikTok and mental health in adolescents. Additionally, it aims to highlight potential interactions between typical developmental processes and the unique aspects of TikTok, exploring their relevance to mental health within this demographic. Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, and PsychINFO yielded 20 studies that met the inclusion criteria, encompassing a total of 17,336 subjects from 10 countries. The retrieved studies analyzed four main topics related to TikTok use, i.e., the overall impact on adolescents' mental health, risk of problematic use and behavioral addiction, consequences on body image and self-esteem, and possible spreading of mental illness behaviors. While TikTok offers creative opportunities for self-expression and peer connection, the literature raises concerns about its potential negative effects on teens, such as lower life satisfaction, increased risk of "contagion" of certain psychiatric symptoms, and problematic usage patterns. Significant variations in study methodologies and outcome measures were observed. In the current era of evolving SM landscapes, a comprehensive approach informed by developmentally grounded research is critically needed to further understand the interplay between SM and adolescent mental health, providing insights for health authorities and policymakers.

随着人们对青少年心理健康问题的日益关注,社交媒体(SM),尤其是 TikTok 等高度可视化平台的作用日益成为研究的焦点。在现有的文献中,由于对非常不同的社交媒体平台进行了综合分析,因此确凿的证据非常有限。本系统性范围界定综述探讨了 TikTok 与青少年心理健康之间的关系。此外,它还旨在强调典型的发展过程与 TikTok 独特方面之间的潜在互动关系,探讨它们与该人群心理健康的相关性。根据PRISMA指南,我们在PubMed、Scopus、Web of Knowledge和PsychINFO上进行了系统搜索,结果有20项研究符合纳入标准,涵盖了来自10个国家的17336名受试者。检索到的研究主要分析了与 TikTok 使用相关的四个主题,即对青少年心理健康的总体影响、问题性使用和行为成瘾的风险、对身体形象和自尊的影响以及心理疾病行为的可能传播。虽然 TikTok 为青少年提供了自我表达和同伴联系的创造性机会,但文献也提出了对其潜在负面影响的担忧,如生活满意度降低、某些精神症状的 "传染 "风险增加以及使用模式出现问题等。研究方法和研究结果的衡量标准存在很大差异。在 SM 不断发展的今天,亟需一种以发展为基础的综合研究方法来进一步了解 SM 与青少年心理健康之间的相互作用,为卫生部门和政策制定者提供见解。
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引用次数: 0
Correction: Predictors of dropout, time spent on the program and client satisfaction in an internet-based, telephone-assisted CBT anxiety program among elementary school children in a population-based sample. 更正:基于互联网、电话辅助的小学生焦虑症 CBT 项目的辍学预测因素、项目花费的时间和客户满意度。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02580-x
Katri Kaajalaakso, Terhi Luntamo, Tarja Korpilahti-Leino, Terja Ristkari, Susanna Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki, Andre Sourander
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引用次数: 0
Agomelatine in pediatric patients with moderate to severe major depressive disorder: an open-label extension study. 阿戈美拉汀治疗中度至重度重度抑郁症儿科患者:一项开放标签延伸研究。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02587-4
Celso Arango, Joerg M Fegert, Françoise Picarel-Blanchot, Ute Marx, Lucie Truffaut-Chalet, Pierre-François Pénélaud, Jan Buitelaar

Major depressive disorder (MDD) in young people is a common psychiatric disorder, but treatment options are limited. Agomelatine has demonstrated short-term efficacy and safety in pediatric patients. We report here the results of a 92-week open-label extension (OLE). The international, multicenter, double-blind, study randomized 400 patients (80 children, 320 adolescents) with moderate-to-severe MDD to one of four treatment groups: agomelatine 10 mg (n = 102), agomelatine 25 mg (n = 95), placebo (n = 103), and fluoxetine 10-20 mg (n = 100). After 12 weeks, patients who could benefit from treatment continuation were offered entry into an optional OLE during which they received agomelatine 10 or 25 mg for a further 92 weeks. A total of 339 patients (271 adolescents) entered the OLE. Treatment groups considered for the OLE analysis reflected those received in the double-blind and OLE periods: agomelatine (10 or 25 mg) in both (ago/ago, n = 170); placebo then agomelatine 10-25 mg (pcb/ago, n = 85); or fluoxetine then agomelatine 10-25 mg (fluox/ago, n = 84). Mean age (± SD) at entry into the double-blind phase (Week 0) was 13.6 ± 2.7 years and 61.9% were female. Mean changes in Children's Depression Rating Scale revised (CDRS-R) raw total score from Week 12 to last post-Week 12 value in the three groups were - 16.3 ± 12.2 (ago/ago), - 18.9 ± 16.1 (pcb/ago), and - 16.1 ± 15.5 (fluox/ago), reflecting the difference in efficacy between treatments during the double-blind period, and heterogeneity at W12 between the treatment groups. Adverse events considered related to treatment occurred in 14.5% of patients: 15.3% ago/ago, 16.5% pcb/ago, and 10.7% fluox/ago. Three patients (all adolescents) experienced treatment-related severe adverse events: two treated with ago/ago and one treated with pcb/ago. Among the adolescents, one treatment-related severe adverse event in a patient in the pcb/ago group led to study withdrawal. Agomelatine was associated with continuous improvement in depressive symptoms without unexpected safety signals. These findings support the safe use of agomelatine in a pediatric population with moderate-to-severe MDD for up to 104 weeks.Trial registration No: EUDRACT No. 2015-002181-23.

青少年重度抑郁障碍(MDD)是一种常见的精神疾病,但治疗方法有限。阿戈美拉汀对儿童患者具有短期疗效和安全性。我们在此报告一项为期 92 周的开放标签延长治疗(OLE)的结果。这项国际多中心双盲研究将 400 名中重度 MDD 患者(80 名儿童、320 名青少年)随机分为四组:阿戈美拉汀 10 毫克组(102 人)、阿戈美拉汀 25 毫克组(95 人)、安慰剂组(103 人)和氟西汀 10-20 毫克组(100 人)。12 周后,可从继续治疗中获益的患者可选择参加 OLE,在此期间接受 10 或 25 毫克阿戈美拉汀治疗,为期 92 周。共有 339 名患者(271 名青少年)参加了 OLE。OLE分析所考虑的治疗组反映了在双盲期和OLE期接受的治疗:阿戈美拉汀(10或25毫克)在双盲期和OLE期均接受治疗(前/后,n = 170);先接受安慰剂治疗,再接受阿戈美拉汀10-25毫克治疗(pcb/后,n = 85);或先接受氟西汀治疗,再接受阿戈美拉汀10-25毫克治疗(fluox/后,n = 84)。进入双盲阶段(第0周)时的平均年龄(± SD)为13.6±2.7岁,61.9%为女性。儿童抑郁量表修订版(CDRS-R)原始总分从第12周到第12周后最后一次评分的平均变化为- 16.3 ± 12.2(ago/ago)、- 18.9 ± 16.1(pcb/ago)和- 16.1 ± 15.5(fluox/ago),反映了双盲期不同治疗方法之间的疗效差异,以及治疗组之间在第12周时的异质性。14.5%的患者出现了与治疗相关的不良反应:15.3%的患者为前药/前药,16.5%的患者为PCB/前药,10.7%的患者为Fluox/前药。三名患者(均为青少年)出现了与治疗相关的严重不良事件:两名患者接受了ago/ago治疗,一名患者接受了pcb/ago治疗。在青少年患者中,pcb/ago组的一名患者因治疗相关的严重不良事件而退出研究。阿戈美拉汀可持续改善抑郁症状,且无意外安全信号。这些研究结果支持阿戈美拉汀在中重度MDD儿科人群中安全使用长达104周。
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引用次数: 0
Structural and functional whole brain changes in autism spectrum disorder at different age stages. 自闭症谱系障碍在不同年龄阶段的全脑结构和功能变化。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02585-6
Zedong Wang, Liqin Zheng, Lijuan Yang, Shunjie Yin, Shiqi Yu, Kai Chen, Tao Zhang, Hesong Wang, Tao Zhang, Yong Zhang

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder involving regional changes and local neural disturbances. However, few studies have investigated the dysfunctional phenomenon across different age stages. This study explores the structural and functional brain changes across different developmental stages in individuals with ASD, focusing on childhood (6-12 years), adolescence (12-18 years), and adulthood (18 + years). Using a comprehensive set of neuroimaging metrics, including modulated and non-modulated voxel-based morphometry (VBM), regional homogeneity (ReHo), amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), and fractional ALFF (fALFF), we identified significant stage-specific alterations in both VBM and functional measurements. Our results reveal that ASD is associated with progressive and stage-specific abnormalities in brain structure and function, with distinct patterns emerging at each developmental stage. Specifically, we observed significant modulated VBM reductions in the precuneus, lentiform nucleus, and inferior parietal lobule, accompanied by increases in the midbrain and sub-gyral regions. Moreover, we observed unmodulated VBM increment in regions including lentiform nucleus and thalamus. Functionally, ReHo analyses demonstrated disrupted local synchronization in the medial frontal gyrus, while ALFF and fALFF metrics highlighted altered spontaneous brain activity in the sub-gyral and sub-lobar. Finally, correlation analyses revealed that stage-specific findings are closely linked to clinical social- and behavior-related scores, with VBM in the inferior parietal lobule and putamen as well as ReHo in supplemental motor area being significantly associated with restrictive repetitive behaviors in childhood. These findings underscore the importance of considering age-specific brain changes when studying ASD and suggest that targeted interventions may be necessary at different developmental stages.

自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)是一种涉及区域性变化和局部神经紊乱的发育障碍。然而,很少有研究调查不同年龄阶段的功能障碍现象。本研究探讨了自闭症患者在不同发育阶段的大脑结构和功能变化,重点关注儿童期(6-12 岁)、青春期(12-18 岁)和成年期(18 岁以上)。我们使用了一套全面的神经成像指标,包括调制和非调制体素形态测量(VBM)、区域同质性(ReHo)、低频波动幅度(ALFF)和分数 ALFF(fALFF),在 VBM 和功能测量中发现了显著的特定阶段性改变。我们的研究结果表明,ASD 与大脑结构和功能的渐进性和特定阶段性异常有关,在每个发育阶段都会出现不同的模式。具体来说,我们观察到楔前、扁桃体核和下顶叶的调节性 VBM 明显减少,而中脑和颅下区域则有所增加。此外,我们还观察到包括皮状核和丘脑在内的区域出现了未调制的 VBM 增量。在功能方面,ReHo 分析表明额叶内侧回的局部同步性受到破坏,而 ALFF 和 fALFF 指标则强调了额叶下和叶下自发脑活动的改变。最后,相关性分析表明,特定阶段的研究结果与临床社交和行为相关评分密切相关,顶叶下部和普坦门的 VBM 以及补充运动区的 ReHo 与儿童期的限制性重复行为显著相关。这些发现强调了在研究 ASD 时考虑特定年龄段大脑变化的重要性,并表明在不同的发育阶段可能需要采取有针对性的干预措施。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding irritability through the lens of self-regulatory control processes in children and adolescents: a systematic review. 从儿童和青少年自我调节控制过程的角度理解易怒:系统性综述。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02591-8
Sébastien Urben, Ana Ochoa Williams, Cécile Ben Jemia, Joëlle Rosselet Amoussou, Sara Machado Lazaro, Julia Giovannini, Marion Abi Kheir, Michael Kaess, Kerstin Jessica Plessen, Ines Mürner-Lavanchy

Among youths, pathological irritability is highly prevalent and severely disabling. As a frequent symptom, it often leads to referrals to child and adolescent mental health services. Self-regulatory control (SRC) processes are a set of socio-psycho-physiological processes that allow individuals to adapt to their ever-changing environments. This conceptual framework may enhance the current understanding of the cognitive, emotional, behavioural and social dysregulations underlying irritability. The present systematic review (PROSPERO registration: #CRD42022370390) aims to synthesize existing studies that examine irritability through the lens of SRC processes among youths (< 18 years of age). We conducted a comprehensive literature search among six bibliographic databases: Embase.com, Medline ALL Ovid, APA PsycInfo Ovid, Web of Science Core Collection, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Wiley and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses A&I. Additional searches were performed using citation tracing strategies. The retrieved reports totalled 2612, of which we included 82 (i.e., articles) from 74 studies. More than 85% of reports were published during the last 6 years, highlighting the topicality of this work. The studies sampled n = 26,764 participants (n = 12,384 girls and n = 12,905 boys, n = 1475 no information) with an average age of 8.08 years (SD = 5.26). The included reports suggest that irritability has an association with lower effortful control, lower cognitive control and delay intolerance. Further, evidence indicates both cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between irritability and a lack of regulation skills for positive and negative emotions, particularly anger. Physiological regulation seems to moderate the association between irritability and psychopathology. Finally, the mutual influence between a child's irritability and parenting practice has been established in several studies. This review uses the lens of SRC to illustrate the current understanding of irritability in psychopathology, discusses important gaps in the literature, and highlights new avenues for further research.

病态易怒在青少年中非常普遍,并严重影响其行为能力。作为一种常见症状,它常常导致转诊到儿童和青少年心理健康服务机构。自我调节控制(SRC)过程是一系列社会心理生理学过程,可使个体适应不断变化的环境。这一概念框架可加深当前对易怒背后的认知、情绪、行为和社会失调的理解。本系统综述(PROSPERO 注册号:#CRD42022370390)旨在综合现有的研究,通过 SRC 过程的视角来研究青少年的易怒性 (
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引用次数: 0
Predicting criminal offence in adolescents who exhibit antisocial behaviour: a machine learning study using data from a large randomised controlled trial of multisystemic therapy. 预测有反社会行为的青少年的刑事犯罪:利用多系统疗法大型随机对照试验数据进行的机器学习研究。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02592-7
Jae Won Suh, Rob Saunders, Elizabeth Simes, Henry Delamain, Stephen Butler, David Cottrell, Abdullah Kraam, Stephen Scott, Ian M Goodyer, James Wason, Stephen Pilling, Peter Fonagy

Introduction: Accurate prediction of short-term offending in young people exhibiting antisocial behaviour could support targeted interventions. Here we develop a set of machine learning (ML) models that predict offending status with good accuracy; furthermore, we show interpretable ML analyses can complement models to inform clinical decision-making.

Methods: This study included 679 individuals aged 11-17 years who displayed moderate-to-severe antisocial behaviour, from a controlled trial of Multisystemic-therapy in England. The outcome was any criminal offence in the 18 months after study baseline. Four types of ML algorithms were trained: logistic regression, elastic net regression, random forest, and gradient boosting machine (GBM). Prediction models were developed (1) using predictors readily available to clinicians (e.g. sociodemographics, previous convictions), and (2) with additional information (e.g. parenting). Model agnostic feature importance values were calculated and the most important predictors identified. Nested cross-validation with 100 iterations of random data splits and 10-fold cross-validation within each iteration was employed, and the average predictive performance was reported.

Results: Among the ML models using readily available predictors, the GBM is the strongest model (AUC 0.85, 95% CI 0.85-0.86); the other models have average AUCs of 0.82. This performance was better than using only the total number of previous offences as the predictor (0.67, 0.66-0.68), and the model simply assuming past offending status as the prediction (0.81, 0.80-0.81). Additional predictors slightly increased the performance of logistic regression and random forest models but decreased the performance of elastic net regression and gradient boosting machine-based models.

Conclusion: The potential utility of ML approaches for accurately predicting criminal offences in high-risk youth is demonstrated. Interpretable ML-based predictive models could be utilised in youth services or research to help develop and deliver effective interventions.

简介对表现出反社会行为的青少年的短期犯罪情况进行准确预测有助于采取有针对性的干预措施。在此,我们开发了一套机器学习(ML)模型,可准确预测犯罪状况;此外,我们还展示了可解释的 ML 分析,可对模型进行补充,为临床决策提供信息:本研究从英格兰的一项多系统疗法对照试验中选取了 679 名年龄在 11-17 岁之间、有中度至重度反社会行为的人。研究结果为研究基线后 18 个月内的任何刑事犯罪。对四种 ML 算法进行了训练:逻辑回归、弹性网回归、随机森林和梯度提升机 (GBM)。预测模型的开发:(1)使用临床医生随时可用的预测因子(如社会人口学、前科);(2)使用附加信息(如父母教育)。计算出与模型无关的特征重要性值,并确定最重要的预测因子。采用了嵌套交叉验证,随机数据分割迭代 100 次,每次迭代 10 倍交叉验证,并报告了平均预测性能:结果:在使用现成预测因子的 ML 模型中,GBM 是最强的模型(AUC 0.85,95% CI 0.85-0.86);其他模型的平均 AUC 为 0.82。这一表现优于仅使用既往犯罪总数作为预测因子的模型(0.67,0.66-0.68),也优于简单假定既往犯罪状况作为预测因子的模型(0.81,0.80-0.81)。附加预测因子略微提高了逻辑回归和随机森林模型的性能,但降低了弹性净回归和基于梯度提升机器的模型的性能:结论:ML 方法在准确预测高危青少年刑事犯罪方面的潜在效用得到了证明。可解释的基于 ML 的预测模型可用于青少年服务或研究,以帮助开发和提供有效的干预措施。
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引用次数: 0
Individual child factors affecting the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents: a systematic review. 影响儿童和青少年注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)诊断的儿童个体因素:系统综述。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02590-9
Lok Yee Chloe Tam, Yanisa Taechameekietichai, Jennifer L Allen

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent condition characterised by patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. This systematic literature review aims to identify the child clinical and sociodemographic factors related to the detection and diagnosis of ADHD in children and adolescents, given concerns about delays or failures in identifying ADHD as well as over-diagnosis, hindering appropriate and timely support for children and families. Through electronic and manual searches of peer-reviewed and grey literature, 5852 articles were identified and subjected to two stages of screening by independent reviewers. Due to the heterogeneity in study methods, a narrative approach was used to summarise study findings. Forty-one studies meeting eligibility criteria revealed sixteen child-related factors influencing the ADHD diagnostic process. These factors include ADHD subtype, ADHD symptom severity, comorbid mental disorders, behavior problems, internalizing symptoms, functional impairment, social and cognitive functioning, physical health, gender, age, relative age, race/ethnicity, socio-economic status, insurance coverage, residence urbanicity, and family structure. While the impact of many of these factors on ADHD diagnosis was inconsistent due to the substantial diversity in study designs and context, certain patterns emerged. Meeting the criteria for the inattentive subtype, lower functional impairment, female gender, Black or Latinx ethnicity, and being relatively young for their grade were consistently found to be associated with a delayed or absent ADHD diagnosis. Further research is needed to explore the intricate relationships between these child-level variables and their implications for ADHD recognition, referral, and evaluation, especially outside the USA.

注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是一种以注意力不集中、多动和冲动为特征的普遍病症。本系统性文献综述旨在确定与发现和诊断儿童和青少年注意力缺陷多动障碍相关的儿童临床和社会人口因素,因为人们担心注意力缺陷多动障碍的诊断延误或失败以及过度诊断会妨碍为儿童和家庭提供适当和及时的支持。通过电子和人工检索同行评议和灰色文献,共发现了 5852 篇文章,并由独立审稿人进行了两个阶段的筛选。由于研究方法不尽相同,我们采用了叙述法来总结研究结果。符合资格标准的 41 项研究揭示了影响多动症诊断过程的 16 个与儿童有关的因素。这些因素包括多动症亚型、多动症症状严重程度、合并精神障碍、行为问题、内化症状、功能障碍、社会和认知功能、身体健康、性别、年龄、相对年龄、种族/民族、社会经济地位、保险范围、居住地城市化程度和家庭结构。虽然由于研究设计和背景的多样性,这些因素对多动症诊断的影响并不一致,但还是出现了一些模式。符合注意力不集中亚型标准、功能障碍程度较低、女性、黑人或拉丁裔、年级相对较小,这些因素被一致认为与多动症诊断延迟或缺失有关。我们需要进一步研究这些儿童层面的变量之间错综复杂的关系,以及它们对多动症识别、转诊和评估的影响,尤其是在美国以外的地区。
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引用次数: 0
Unresolved questions in the link between maternal sleep patterns during pregnancy and infant developmental outcomes. 孕产妇孕期睡眠模式与婴儿发育结果之间尚未解决的问题。
IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02588-3
Wei-Zhen Tang, Zhe-Ming Kang, Bei-Ning Deng, Wen-Xin Deng, Zhi-Mou Li, Xue-Bing Chen, Yue Tang, Tai-Hang Liu
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引用次数: 0
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European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
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