Pub Date : 2024-08-29DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02553-0
Lisa Serravalle, Florencia Trespalacios, Mark A Ellenbogen
Because the offspring of parents with an affective disorder (OAD) are at high risk for developing mental disorders, and persons with an affective disorder (AD) show dysfunctional hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, changes in HPA functioning in OAD might be an etiological risk factor that precedes the development of ADs. The primary aim of the meta-analysis was to quantitatively summarize the existing data on different indices of diurnal cortisol in the OAD. The secondary aim was to explore potential moderators of this relation. Following PRISMA guidelines, we included 26 studies (3052 offspring) on diurnal cortisol in our meta-analysis after an initial screening of 3408 articles. Intercept-only and meta-regression models were computed using the robust variance estimation method. Analyses examining mean cortisol levels at discrete timepoints, total cortisol output, and the cortisol rise in response to awakening (CAR) were conducted separately. The results demonstrated that the OAD had higher mean levels of cortisol at different timepoints throughout the day compared to controls (Hedge's g = 0.21). There was evidence of publication bias in studies examining CAR, such that effect sizes were positively biased. The present findings are consistent with a meta-analysis showing elevated cortisol in youth having an AD. Notable limitations across studies include the method of cortisol measurement and assessment of ADs. Altogether, these results highlight the fact that increased cortisol levels may act as a potential neuroendocrine antecedent and/or risk factor for the development of ADs among high risk youth.
{"title":"Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning in offspring of parents with a major affective disorder: a meta-analytic review.","authors":"Lisa Serravalle, Florencia Trespalacios, Mark A Ellenbogen","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02553-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-024-02553-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Because the offspring of parents with an affective disorder (OAD) are at high risk for developing mental disorders, and persons with an affective disorder (AD) show dysfunctional hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, changes in HPA functioning in OAD might be an etiological risk factor that precedes the development of ADs. The primary aim of the meta-analysis was to quantitatively summarize the existing data on different indices of diurnal cortisol in the OAD. The secondary aim was to explore potential moderators of this relation. Following PRISMA guidelines, we included 26 studies (3052 offspring) on diurnal cortisol in our meta-analysis after an initial screening of 3408 articles. Intercept-only and meta-regression models were computed using the robust variance estimation method. Analyses examining mean cortisol levels at discrete timepoints, total cortisol output, and the cortisol rise in response to awakening (CAR) were conducted separately. The results demonstrated that the OAD had higher mean levels of cortisol at different timepoints throughout the day compared to controls (Hedge's g = 0.21). There was evidence of publication bias in studies examining CAR, such that effect sizes were positively biased. The present findings are consistent with a meta-analysis showing elevated cortisol in youth having an AD. Notable limitations across studies include the method of cortisol measurement and assessment of ADs. Altogether, these results highlight the fact that increased cortisol levels may act as a potential neuroendocrine antecedent and/or risk factor for the development of ADs among high risk youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142105617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-29DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02563-y
Gennaro Catone, Vincenzo Paolo Senese, Antonio Pascotto, Simone Pisano, Matthew R Broome
Paranoia is the erroneous idea that people are targeting you for harm, and the cognitive model suggests that symptoms increase with emotional and relational distress. A factor potentially associated with paranoia is mistrust, a milder form of suspiciousness. This study investigated the longitudinal course of non-clinical paranoia in a sample of 739 students (age range 10-12 at baseline assessment, 12-14 at second assessment) using data from the Social Mistrust Scale (SMS) and the paranoia subscale of the Specific Psychotic Experiences Questionnaire (SPEQ). Prevalence of mistrustful and high paranoia children was 14.6 and 15% respectively. Independently, baseline internalizing symptoms (b = 0.241, p < 0.001) and mistrust (b = 0.240, p < 0.001) longitudinally predict paranoia after controlling for confounders. The interaction of mistrust and internalizing symptoms at T1 increases the possibility of the onset of paranoia at T2. Therefore, the effect of mistrust on paranoia is more marked when internalizing symptoms are higher. Our results confirm the role of mistrust as a factor involved in the developmental trajectory of paranoia in adolescence, enhanced by the presence of internalizing symptoms. The implications of these results are both theoretical and clinical, as they add developmental information to the cognitive model of paranoia and suggests the assessment and clinical management of mistrust and internalizing symptoms in youth may be useful with the aim of reducing the risk of psychotic experiences.
{"title":"The developmental course of adolescent paranoia: a longitudinal analysis of the interacting role of mistrust and general psychopathology.","authors":"Gennaro Catone, Vincenzo Paolo Senese, Antonio Pascotto, Simone Pisano, Matthew R Broome","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02563-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-024-02563-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paranoia is the erroneous idea that people are targeting you for harm, and the cognitive model suggests that symptoms increase with emotional and relational distress. A factor potentially associated with paranoia is mistrust, a milder form of suspiciousness. This study investigated the longitudinal course of non-clinical paranoia in a sample of 739 students (age range 10-12 at baseline assessment, 12-14 at second assessment) using data from the Social Mistrust Scale (SMS) and the paranoia subscale of the Specific Psychotic Experiences Questionnaire (SPEQ). Prevalence of mistrustful and high paranoia children was 14.6 and 15% respectively. Independently, baseline internalizing symptoms (b = 0.241, p < 0.001) and mistrust (b = 0.240, p < 0.001) longitudinally predict paranoia after controlling for confounders. The interaction of mistrust and internalizing symptoms at T1 increases the possibility of the onset of paranoia at T2. Therefore, the effect of mistrust on paranoia is more marked when internalizing symptoms are higher. Our results confirm the role of mistrust as a factor involved in the developmental trajectory of paranoia in adolescence, enhanced by the presence of internalizing symptoms. The implications of these results are both theoretical and clinical, as they add developmental information to the cognitive model of paranoia and suggests the assessment and clinical management of mistrust and internalizing symptoms in youth may be useful with the aim of reducing the risk of psychotic experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142105620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-28DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02570-z
Samuele Cortese, David Coghill, Joerg M Fegert, Gregory W Mattingly, Luis A Rohde, Ian C K Wong, Stephen V Faraone
{"title":"Reply: the inclusion of methylphenidate in the WHO list of essential medicines is endorsed by millions of people with ADHD.","authors":"Samuele Cortese, David Coghill, Joerg M Fegert, Gregory W Mattingly, Luis A Rohde, Ian C K Wong, Stephen V Faraone","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02570-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-024-02570-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142079735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-28DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02548-x
Yinzhi Kang, Qingfeng Li, Wenjing Liu, Yang Hu, Zhen Liu, Shuqi Xie, Changminghao Ma, Lei Zhang, Xiaochen Zhang, Zhishan Hu, Yue Ding, Wenhong Cheng, Zhi Yang
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in adolescents. The heterogeneity of both symptoms and etiology is an essential source of difficulties in the treatment and prevention of SAD. The study aimed to identify subtypes of adolescent SAD based on etiology-related phenotype dimensions and examine symptom and brain associations of the subtypes. We used a deeply phenotyped sample (47 phenotype subscales from 13 measures) of adolescents with SAD (n = 196) and healthy controls (n = 109) to extract etiology-relevant risk factors, based on which we identified subtypes of SAD. We compared the subtypes on clinical characteristics and brain morphometrics and functional connectivity, and examined subtype-specific links between risk factors, brain aberrance, and clinical characteristics. We identified six etiology-relevant risk factors and two subtypes of adolescent SAD. One subtype showed mainly elevated negative emotionality trait and coping style and diminished positive emotionality trait and coping style, while the other additionally had significantly high environmental risk factors, more severe impairments in social functioning, and significant abnormalities in brain structure and function. There were subtype-specific links between the risk factor profiles, brain aberrance, and clinical characteristics. The finding suggests two etiology-based subtypes of adolescent SAD, providing novel insights to the diversity of pathological pathways and precise intervention strategies.
社交焦虑症(SAD)是青少年最常见的精神疾病之一。症状和病因的异质性是导致 SAD 治疗和预防困难的重要原因。本研究旨在根据病因相关的表型维度确定青少年 SAD 的亚型,并研究亚型的症状和大脑关联。我们对患有 SAD 的青少年(196 人)和健康对照组(109 人)进行了深度表型抽样(13 项测量中的 47 个表型子量表),提取了与病因相关的风险因素,并在此基础上确定了 SAD 的亚型。我们比较了这些亚型的临床特征、大脑形态计量学和功能连接,并研究了风险因素、大脑畸变和临床特征之间的亚型特异性联系。我们发现了六种与病因相关的风险因素和两种青少年 SAD 亚型。其中一种亚型主要表现为消极情绪特质和应对方式的升高,以及积极情绪特质和应对方式的降低,而另一种亚型则具有明显的高环境风险因素、更严重的社会功能障碍以及大脑结构和功能的显著异常。风险因素特征、大脑异常和临床特征之间存在亚型特异性联系。研究结果表明,青少年 SAD 有两种基于病因的亚型,为病理途径的多样性和精确干预策略提供了新的见解。
{"title":"Risk factor patterns define social anxiety subtypes in adolescents with brain and clinical feature differences.","authors":"Yinzhi Kang, Qingfeng Li, Wenjing Liu, Yang Hu, Zhen Liu, Shuqi Xie, Changminghao Ma, Lei Zhang, Xiaochen Zhang, Zhishan Hu, Yue Ding, Wenhong Cheng, Zhi Yang","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02548-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-024-02548-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in adolescents. The heterogeneity of both symptoms and etiology is an essential source of difficulties in the treatment and prevention of SAD. The study aimed to identify subtypes of adolescent SAD based on etiology-related phenotype dimensions and examine symptom and brain associations of the subtypes. We used a deeply phenotyped sample (47 phenotype subscales from 13 measures) of adolescents with SAD (n = 196) and healthy controls (n = 109) to extract etiology-relevant risk factors, based on which we identified subtypes of SAD. We compared the subtypes on clinical characteristics and brain morphometrics and functional connectivity, and examined subtype-specific links between risk factors, brain aberrance, and clinical characteristics. We identified six etiology-relevant risk factors and two subtypes of adolescent SAD. One subtype showed mainly elevated negative emotionality trait and coping style and diminished positive emotionality trait and coping style, while the other additionally had significantly high environmental risk factors, more severe impairments in social functioning, and significant abnormalities in brain structure and function. There were subtype-specific links between the risk factor profiles, brain aberrance, and clinical characteristics. The finding suggests two etiology-based subtypes of adolescent SAD, providing novel insights to the diversity of pathological pathways and precise intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142079767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-27DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02558-9
Llanos Merín, Marta Nieto, Lucía Sánchez-Arias, Laura Ros, José Miguel Latorre
Sleep is essential for cognitive development and brain maturation during early childhood. Studies focused on preschool populations using objective measures of sleep are still scarce. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between objective measures of sleep duration and quality with executive functioning in a 133 non-clinical sample of Spanish participants (Mage = 60.33 months, SD = 9.04; ages 41-77 months; 51.1% girls). Sleep was assessed for five weeknights using actigraphy; Shape School task was applied to assess inhibition and cognitive flexibility; and Word Span task was used to assess working memory. The results revealed that relation between sleep and executive functioning was significant for inhibition and working memory. Preschoolers with higher sleep efficiency showed better results in executive functioning tasks after controlling for the effect of age. Additionally, age and sleep duration and quality variables were predictive of inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. These results suggest that the different dimensions of sleep could play an important role in the development of executive functions during preschool age. Therefore, improving sleep could lead to an improvement in children's executive functioning in both clinical and educational contexts.
{"title":"Actigraphy-assessed sleep duration and quality and executive function in a sample of typically developing preschoolers.","authors":"Llanos Merín, Marta Nieto, Lucía Sánchez-Arias, Laura Ros, José Miguel Latorre","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02558-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-024-02558-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep is essential for cognitive development and brain maturation during early childhood. Studies focused on preschool populations using objective measures of sleep are still scarce. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between objective measures of sleep duration and quality with executive functioning in a 133 non-clinical sample of Spanish participants (M<sub>age</sub> = 60.33 months, SD = 9.04; ages 41-77 months; 51.1% girls). Sleep was assessed for five weeknights using actigraphy; Shape School task was applied to assess inhibition and cognitive flexibility; and Word Span task was used to assess working memory. The results revealed that relation between sleep and executive functioning was significant for inhibition and working memory. Preschoolers with higher sleep efficiency showed better results in executive functioning tasks after controlling for the effect of age. Additionally, age and sleep duration and quality variables were predictive of inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. These results suggest that the different dimensions of sleep could play an important role in the development of executive functions during preschool age. Therefore, improving sleep could lead to an improvement in children's executive functioning in both clinical and educational contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-27DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02568-7
Marialuisa Cavelti, Noemi Anne Ruppen, Silvano Sele, Markus Moessner, Stephanie Bauer, Katja Becker, Jennifer Krämer, Heike Eschenbeck, Christine Rummel-Kluge, Rainer Thomasius, Silke Diestelkamp, Vera Gillé, Sabrina Baldofski, Julian Koenig, Michael Kaess
This study investigated sociodemographic and clinical factors influencing help-seeking attitudes and behavior among adolescents with mental health problems. As part of the ProHEAD ("Promoting Help-seeking using E-technology for ADolescents") consortium a school-based, online assessment of sociodemographic information, psychopathology, risk-taking and self-harming behavior, help-seeking attitudes and behavior, and barriers to help-seeking was conducted in adolescents aged ≥ 12 years recruited from randomly selected schools in five regions of Germany. Linear regression analyses with the LMG formula were performed to explore predictors of help-seeking attitudes and behavior and assess their relative importance. Nine thousand five hundred and nine participants (95.5%) completed the online assessment (mean age: 15.1 years, 58.6% female). In total, 1606 participants (16.9%) showed relevant mental health problems (e.g., depressive and eating disorder symptoms, alcohol problems, and thoughts of self-harming behavior). Among them, 895 (55.7%) reported having sought help (lifetime), with higher rates for informal (n = 842, 52.4%) compared to professional (n = 380, 23.7%) sources. High help-seeking propensity emerged as the most important factor contributing to professional help-seeking, followed by elevated levels of psychopathology and perceived barriers, with sociodemographic factors being less impactful. Psychopathological severity also outweighed sociodemographic factors in predicting negative help-seeking attitudes. These findings indicate that attitudes towards seeking professional help, perceived barriers, and psychopathology severity critically influence limited adolescent help-seeking behavior. This emphasizes the need for initiatives that promote help-seeking, reduce negative attitudes, and address structural barriers in adolescent mental health care.
{"title":"An examination of sociodemographic and clinical factors influencing help-seeking attitudes and behaviors among adolescents with mental health problems.","authors":"Marialuisa Cavelti, Noemi Anne Ruppen, Silvano Sele, Markus Moessner, Stephanie Bauer, Katja Becker, Jennifer Krämer, Heike Eschenbeck, Christine Rummel-Kluge, Rainer Thomasius, Silke Diestelkamp, Vera Gillé, Sabrina Baldofski, Julian Koenig, Michael Kaess","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02568-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-024-02568-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated sociodemographic and clinical factors influencing help-seeking attitudes and behavior among adolescents with mental health problems. As part of the ProHEAD (\"Promoting Help-seeking using E-technology for ADolescents\") consortium a school-based, online assessment of sociodemographic information, psychopathology, risk-taking and self-harming behavior, help-seeking attitudes and behavior, and barriers to help-seeking was conducted in adolescents aged ≥ 12 years recruited from randomly selected schools in five regions of Germany. Linear regression analyses with the LMG formula were performed to explore predictors of help-seeking attitudes and behavior and assess their relative importance. Nine thousand five hundred and nine participants (95.5%) completed the online assessment (mean age: 15.1 years, 58.6% female). In total, 1606 participants (16.9%) showed relevant mental health problems (e.g., depressive and eating disorder symptoms, alcohol problems, and thoughts of self-harming behavior). Among them, 895 (55.7%) reported having sought help (lifetime), with higher rates for informal (n = 842, 52.4%) compared to professional (n = 380, 23.7%) sources. High help-seeking propensity emerged as the most important factor contributing to professional help-seeking, followed by elevated levels of psychopathology and perceived barriers, with sociodemographic factors being less impactful. Psychopathological severity also outweighed sociodemographic factors in predicting negative help-seeking attitudes. These findings indicate that attitudes towards seeking professional help, perceived barriers, and psychopathology severity critically influence limited adolescent help-seeking behavior. This emphasizes the need for initiatives that promote help-seeking, reduce negative attitudes, and address structural barriers in adolescent mental health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maternal depression promotes maternal inflammation and the risk of neurodevelopmental disorder in offspring, but the role of inflammation on the association between depression and neurodevelopment in offspring has not been extensively studied in humans. This study aims to examine the mediating role of maternal inflammation on the relationship between maternal depression and neurodevelopment in infants. 146 mother-child pairs were identified from Tianjin Maternal and Child Health Education and Service Cohort (Tianjin MCHESC). Maternal depression was investigated by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and depressive trajectories were identified by latent class growth analysis. Inflammatory biomarkers in the three trimesters were assessed with enzyme-linked immunoassay. The Children Neuropsychological and Behavior Scale-Revision 2016 was used to measure neurodevelopment in infants. Principal component analysis was performed to identify inflammatory condition. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis and mediation analysis were used to identify association among maternal depression, maternal inflammation and neurodevelopment in infants. Offspring in the low and moderate maternal depression groups exhibited higher adaptive behavior development quotient than those in the high maternal depression group. Higher maternal c-reactive protein level and higher inflammatory level in acute-phase of inflammation in the first trimester, and moderate maternal depression were associated with lower adaptive behavior quotients of infants. Inflammatory level in acute-phase of inflammation in the first trimester significantly mediated the association between maternal depression and adaptive behavior development of infants, with explaining 11.85% of the association. Maternal depression could impair adaptive behavior development in infants by inflammation.
{"title":"Negative impact of maternal depressive symptoms on infancy neurodevelopment: a moderated mediation effect of maternal inflammation.","authors":"Shanshan Cui, Wenjuan Xiong, Ziyu Zhao, Yu Han, Tingkai Cui, Zhiyi Qu, Zhi Li, Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02572-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-024-02572-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maternal depression promotes maternal inflammation and the risk of neurodevelopmental disorder in offspring, but the role of inflammation on the association between depression and neurodevelopment in offspring has not been extensively studied in humans. This study aims to examine the mediating role of maternal inflammation on the relationship between maternal depression and neurodevelopment in infants. 146 mother-child pairs were identified from Tianjin Maternal and Child Health Education and Service Cohort (Tianjin MCHESC). Maternal depression was investigated by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and depressive trajectories were identified by latent class growth analysis. Inflammatory biomarkers in the three trimesters were assessed with enzyme-linked immunoassay. The Children Neuropsychological and Behavior Scale-Revision 2016 was used to measure neurodevelopment in infants. Principal component analysis was performed to identify inflammatory condition. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis and mediation analysis were used to identify association among maternal depression, maternal inflammation and neurodevelopment in infants. Offspring in the low and moderate maternal depression groups exhibited higher adaptive behavior development quotient than those in the high maternal depression group. Higher maternal c-reactive protein level and higher inflammatory level in acute-phase of inflammation in the first trimester, and moderate maternal depression were associated with lower adaptive behavior quotients of infants. Inflammatory level in acute-phase of inflammation in the first trimester significantly mediated the association between maternal depression and adaptive behavior development of infants, with explaining 11.85% of the association. Maternal depression could impair adaptive behavior development in infants by inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-27DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02544-1
Gro Janne Wergeland, Ata Ghaderi, Krister Fjermestad, Pia Enebrink, Lillan Halsaa, Urdur Njardvik, Eili N Riise, Gyri Vorren, Lars-Göran Öst
Family therapy for eating disorders (ED) is well-established and represents the treatment choice for ED in children and adolescents according to guidelines, with cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) as a second line treatment. There is limited knowledge about how these treatments work in routine clinical care. The goal of the present meta-analysis is to investigate the effectiveness of family therapy and CBT for various EDs in children and adolescents when carried out in routine clinical care. Ovid MEDLINE, Embase OVID, and PsycINFO were searched for articles published until December 2023. The outcome of family therapy and CBT, methodological quality, risk of bias, and moderators of treatment outcome were examined and benchmarked by meta-analytically comparing with ED efficacy studies. Forty-four effectiveness studies comprising 3251 family therapy or CBT patients were included. Large to very large within-group effect sizes (ES) were found for ED-psychopathology (0.80) and weight measures for AN (1.64) at post treatment. The attrition rate was 15%. Risk of bias was considerable. Moderate to large ES were found for family therapy and CBT, respectively. The benchmarking analysis showed that effectiveness studies had comparable ESs to efficacy studies (0.80 and 0.84 for the ED-psychopathology at post treatment). The findings support family therapy and CBT for ED in children and adolescents as effective treatments when delivered in routine clinical care, with effects comparable with those found in efficacy studies. The evidence needs to be interpreted with caution because of the risk of bias in a high proportion of studies.PROSPERO [CRD42023441794].
{"title":"Family therapy and cognitive behavior therapy for eating disorders in children and adolescents in routine clinical care: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Gro Janne Wergeland, Ata Ghaderi, Krister Fjermestad, Pia Enebrink, Lillan Halsaa, Urdur Njardvik, Eili N Riise, Gyri Vorren, Lars-Göran Öst","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02544-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-024-02544-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Family therapy for eating disorders (ED) is well-established and represents the treatment choice for ED in children and adolescents according to guidelines, with cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) as a second line treatment. There is limited knowledge about how these treatments work in routine clinical care. The goal of the present meta-analysis is to investigate the effectiveness of family therapy and CBT for various EDs in children and adolescents when carried out in routine clinical care. Ovid MEDLINE, Embase OVID, and PsycINFO were searched for articles published until December 2023. The outcome of family therapy and CBT, methodological quality, risk of bias, and moderators of treatment outcome were examined and benchmarked by meta-analytically comparing with ED efficacy studies. Forty-four effectiveness studies comprising 3251 family therapy or CBT patients were included. Large to very large within-group effect sizes (ES) were found for ED-psychopathology (0.80) and weight measures for AN (1.64) at post treatment. The attrition rate was 15%. Risk of bias was considerable. Moderate to large ES were found for family therapy and CBT, respectively. The benchmarking analysis showed that effectiveness studies had comparable ESs to efficacy studies (0.80 and 0.84 for the ED-psychopathology at post treatment). The findings support family therapy and CBT for ED in children and adolescents as effective treatments when delivered in routine clinical care, with effects comparable with those found in efficacy studies. The evidence needs to be interpreted with caution because of the risk of bias in a high proportion of studies.PROSPERO [CRD42023441794].</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-24DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02571-y
Caroline P Hoyniak, Meghan R Donohue, Joan L Luby, Deanna M Barch, Peinan Zhao, Christopher D Smyser, Barbara Warner, Cynthia E Rogers, Erik D Herzog, Sarah K England
Studies have established that maternal sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances during pregnancy are associated with poor prenatal and perinatal outcomes for mothers and offspring. However, little work has explored its effects on infant sleep or socioemotional outcomes. The current study examined the relationship between maternal sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances during pregnancy and infant sleep and socioemotional outcomes in a diverse sample of N = 193 mothers and their infants (51% White; 52% Female; Mage = 11.95 months). Maternal sleep and circadian rhythms during pregnancy were assessed using self-reports and actigraphy. Mothers reported on infants' sleep and socioemotional outcomes when infants were one year old. When controlling for infant sex, age, gestational age at birth, family income-to-needs ratios, and maternal depression, mothers who reported more sleep problems during pregnancy had infants with more sleep disturbances when they were one year old. Moreover, mothers who had later sleep timing (i.e., went to bed and woke up later, measured via actigraphy) during pregnancy had infants with more dysregulation (e.g., increased feeding difficulties, sensory sensitivities) and externalizing problems, and mothers with increased intra-daily variability in rest-activity rhythms (as measured via actigraphy) had infants with more externalizing problems. Findings suggest that maternal sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances during pregnancy may be a risk factor for infant sleep problems and socioemotional difficulties.
研究证实,孕期母体睡眠和昼夜节律紊乱与母亲和后代的不良产前和围产期结局有关。然而,很少有研究探讨其对婴儿睡眠或社会情感结果的影响。本研究以 N = 193 名母亲及其婴儿(51% 白人;52% 女性;年龄 = 11.95 个月)为样本,研究了孕期母亲睡眠和昼夜节律紊乱与婴儿睡眠和社会情感结果之间的关系。采用自我报告和昼夜节律仪对孕期母亲的睡眠和昼夜节律进行了评估。婴儿一岁时,母亲报告婴儿的睡眠和社会情感结果。在控制了婴儿性别、年龄、出生胎龄、家庭收入与需求比率和母亲抑郁等因素后,孕期睡眠问题较多的母亲,其婴儿一岁时的睡眠障碍也较多。此外,孕期睡眠时间较晚的母亲(即上床睡觉和起床时间较晚,通过行为记录仪测量),其婴儿有更多的调节障碍(如喂养困难、感官敏感性增加)和外部化问题;休息-活动节律日内变异性增加的母亲(通过行为记录仪测量),其婴儿有更多的外部化问题。研究结果表明,孕期母亲睡眠和昼夜节律紊乱可能是导致婴儿睡眠问题和社会情感障碍的风险因素。
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Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02559-8
Cristian-Daniel Llach, Guillem Pailhez, Carla Conejo-Gonzalez, Pradip Man Singh, Antoni Bulbena
A substantial body of literature has traditionally addressed the connection between the exposure to catastrophic events and the development of Post-Traumatic Stress disorder (PTSD), especially in the vulnerable stratum of children and adolescents. However, little is known about their biological predisposing factors, and further research is needed, especially in the context of the recent earthquakes in Turkey and Syria. The data of this study was collected 4 months after the 2015 earthquakes in Nepal, with the objective of providing new evidence to the field and documenting the role of a new potential predisposing factor: the Joint Hypermobility Syndrome (JHS). 941 subjects from three different regions of the country, aged 8-18 years, were assessed in a school-based cross-sectional investigation. PTSD, as the main response variable, was assessed using the Child PTSD Symptom Scale (CPSS) questionnaire and analysed considering three sub-dimensions: the severity of symptoms, the severity of impairment, and both taken together. JHS was assessed using the Screening Questionnaire to detect Hypermobility (SQ-CH) questionnaire. The severity of symptoms was strongly predicted by the distance to the epicentre. Females showed more severe symptomatology, but a lower perturbation in the daily functioning. Younger children reported a greater functional impairment. JHS group showed more severe PTSD than non-JHS group. We observed variability in the severity of PTSD according to previously known risk factors such as the distance to the epicentre, sex, and age. We also found an association between PTSD and JHS, which is discussed in reference to the neuroconnective endophenotype. It might be useful to consider the role of each variable when planning a mass intervention after a disaster.
{"title":"Post-traumatic stress and joint hypermobility in children and adolescents of Nepal after exposure to an earthquake.","authors":"Cristian-Daniel Llach, Guillem Pailhez, Carla Conejo-Gonzalez, Pradip Man Singh, Antoni Bulbena","doi":"10.1007/s00787-024-02559-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-024-02559-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A substantial body of literature has traditionally addressed the connection between the exposure to catastrophic events and the development of Post-Traumatic Stress disorder (PTSD), especially in the vulnerable stratum of children and adolescents. However, little is known about their biological predisposing factors, and further research is needed, especially in the context of the recent earthquakes in Turkey and Syria. The data of this study was collected 4 months after the 2015 earthquakes in Nepal, with the objective of providing new evidence to the field and documenting the role of a new potential predisposing factor: the Joint Hypermobility Syndrome (JHS). 941 subjects from three different regions of the country, aged 8-18 years, were assessed in a school-based cross-sectional investigation. PTSD, as the main response variable, was assessed using the Child PTSD Symptom Scale (CPSS) questionnaire and analysed considering three sub-dimensions: the severity of symptoms, the severity of impairment, and both taken together. JHS was assessed using the Screening Questionnaire to detect Hypermobility (SQ-CH) questionnaire. The severity of symptoms was strongly predicted by the distance to the epicentre. Females showed more severe symptomatology, but a lower perturbation in the daily functioning. Younger children reported a greater functional impairment. JHS group showed more severe PTSD than non-JHS group. We observed variability in the severity of PTSD according to previously known risk factors such as the distance to the epicentre, sex, and age. We also found an association between PTSD and JHS, which is discussed in reference to the neuroconnective endophenotype. It might be useful to consider the role of each variable when planning a mass intervention after a disaster.</p>","PeriodicalId":11856,"journal":{"name":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}