The strategic incorporation of the pharmacologically privileged trifluoroethyl group into the biologically significant benzofuran scaffold offers considerable potential for medicinal and agrochemical applications. Herein, an atom‐economical synthetic approach to 3‐trifluoroethyl benzofurans through Rh‐catalyzed cascade reaction of readily available trifluoromethyl alkene‐tethered benzocyclobutenols is reported. This transformation proceeds via a mechanistically intricate sequence involving CC bond activation, migratory insertion, β ‐hydride elimination, chain walking, and transfer hydrogenation. By modulation of reaction conditions, both intermolecular and intramolecular transfer hydrogenation pathways have been developed, leading to the divergent synthesis of 4‐ β ‐keto‐ and 4‐ β ‐hydroxy‐substituted 3‐trifluoroethyl benzofurans.
{"title":"Divergent Synthesis of 3‐Trifluoroethyl Benzofurans Through Rh‐Catalyzed CC Bond Activation Coupled with Transfer Hydrogenation","authors":"Qi Wang, Qi Tang, Li‐Juan Zhang, Bi‐Qin Wang, Ping Hu, Hai‐Liang Ni, Feijie Song","doi":"10.1002/adsc.9608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adsc.9608","url":null,"abstract":"The strategic incorporation of the pharmacologically privileged trifluoroethyl group into the biologically significant benzofuran scaffold offers considerable potential for medicinal and agrochemical applications. Herein, an atom‐economical synthetic approach to 3‐trifluoroethyl benzofurans through Rh‐catalyzed cascade reaction of readily available trifluoromethyl alkene‐tethered benzocyclobutenols is reported. This transformation proceeds via a mechanistically intricate sequence involving CC bond activation, migratory insertion, <jats:italic>β</jats:italic> ‐hydride elimination, chain walking, and transfer hydrogenation. By modulation of reaction conditions, both intermolecular and intramolecular transfer hydrogenation pathways have been developed, leading to the divergent synthesis of 4‐ <jats:italic>β</jats:italic> ‐keto‐ and 4‐ <jats:italic>β</jats:italic> ‐hydroxy‐substituted 3‐trifluoroethyl benzofurans.","PeriodicalId":118,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145759852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yan Wang, Zu‐Yu Mo, Xin‐Ru Liu, Si‐Min Gao, Ying‐Ming Pan, Mu‐Xue He, Xian‐Li Ma
Benzotriazoles and benzenesulfonamides arewidely present in various bioactive molecules, so the development of mild and convenientsynthetic strategies to synthesize compounds containing these functional groups is crucial for discovering candidate therapeutic drugs with higher efficacy and fewer side effects. Herein, we report an imidoyl radical‐involved electrochemical method for the difunctionalization of isocyanides with benzotriazoles and benzenesulfonamides, and also realize the electrochemical reaction of isocyanides with benzotriazoles to construct guanidine derivatives. This strategy achieves the difunctionalization of isocyanide under the action of a base, with benzotriazole as the radical precursor and sulfonamide as the nucleophile. Either does not require a chemical oxidant and can be carried out at room temperature.
{"title":"Electrochemical Imidoyl Radical‐Involved Functionalization of Isocyanides to Construct Benzotriazole‐Sulfonamide and Guanidine Derivatives","authors":"Yan Wang, Zu‐Yu Mo, Xin‐Ru Liu, Si‐Min Gao, Ying‐Ming Pan, Mu‐Xue He, Xian‐Li Ma","doi":"10.1002/adsc.70223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adsc.70223","url":null,"abstract":"Benzotriazoles and benzenesulfonamides arewidely present in various bioactive molecules, so the development of mild and convenientsynthetic strategies to synthesize compounds containing these functional groups is crucial for discovering candidate therapeutic drugs with higher efficacy and fewer side effects. Herein, we report an imidoyl radical‐involved electrochemical method for the difunctionalization of isocyanides with benzotriazoles and benzenesulfonamides, and also realize the electrochemical reaction of isocyanides with benzotriazoles to construct guanidine derivatives. This strategy achieves the difunctionalization of isocyanide under the action of a base, with benzotriazole as the radical precursor and sulfonamide as the nucleophile. Either does not require a chemical oxidant and can be carried out at room temperature.","PeriodicalId":118,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145759854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emma Bodnár, Ferenc Béke, Klára Aradi, Zoltán Novák
The synthesis of aromatic trifluoromethylated scaffolds is of considerable importance in organic chemistry and pharmaceutical research. Herein, a catalytic method with broad functional group tolerance for the construction of aromatic and heteroaromatic trifluoropropynyl derivatives is reported. This methodology is based on a tandem Sonogashira cross‐coupling reaction between an hydrofluoroolefins‐based carbinol and (hetero)aryl iodides. The developed protocol employs inexpensive and commercially available HFO‐1234yf gas to generate a bench‐stable trifluoropropynyl carbinol reagent.
{"title":"Design and Utilization of Stable Hydrofluoroolefin‐Based Trifluoropropynyl Surrogate for Sonogashira Coupling","authors":"Emma Bodnár, Ferenc Béke, Klára Aradi, Zoltán Novák","doi":"10.1002/adsc.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adsc.70072","url":null,"abstract":"The synthesis of aromatic trifluoromethylated scaffolds is of considerable importance in organic chemistry and pharmaceutical research. Herein, a catalytic method with broad functional group tolerance for the construction of aromatic and heteroaromatic trifluoropropynyl derivatives is reported. This methodology is based on a tandem Sonogashira cross‐coupling reaction between an hydrofluoroolefins‐based carbinol and (hetero)aryl iodides. The developed protocol employs inexpensive and commercially available HFO‐1234yf gas to generate a bench‐stable trifluoropropynyl carbinol reagent.","PeriodicalId":118,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthias R. Steiner, Johanna M. Uher, Jürgen Lindner, Cordula M. Zeiler, Christian Slugovc
The combination of azole compounds, such as 1‐methylimidazole and oxiranes (e.g., phenyl glycidyl ether) gives carbenoid reactivity at elevated temperatures. Benzoin condensation was performed with 5 mol% azole and 10 mol% oxirane under air at temperatures of 70°C and above, achieving conversions of up to 85% of benzaldehyde and yields of up to 64% of benzoin. The lower benzoin yield is due to the formation of oxidative benzoin follow‐up products under these reaction conditions. A variety of combinations of azole compounds and oxiranes have been shown to catalyze benzoin condensation. Thus, a modular, potentially inexpensive method of generating carbenoid reactivity has been revealed. The proposed mechanism for catalyst formation involves oxirane opening by, for example, 1‐methylimidazole, which forms a zwitterionic methylimidazolium adduct with the oxirane. Then, the acidic proton in the 2‐position of the imidazolium core is deprotonated by the zwitterion's alkoxide releasing the corresponding N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC). In addition to its primary function, surplus oxirane serves as a scavenger, removing acidic byproducts that are formed from the aldehyde through oxidative NHC catalysis. This property enables benzoin condensation without the exclusion of oxygen. The practical utility of this catalytic system was demonstrated by polymerizing simple bifunctional aldehyde/oxirane monomers—namely, 4‐(2‐oxiranylmethoxy)‐benzaldehyde, 3‐(2‐oxiranylmethoxy)‐benzaldehyde, and vanillin‐based 2‐methoxy‐4‐(2‐oxiranylmethoxy)‐benzaldehyde—using 5 mol% 1‐methylimidazole in a solventless manner and without excluding air. The monomers polymerized via both the formyl and the oxirane groups, yielded thermosets with glass transition temperatures above 100°C.
{"title":"Harnessing Carbenoid Reactivity From Imidazoles and Oxiranes","authors":"Matthias R. Steiner, Johanna M. Uher, Jürgen Lindner, Cordula M. Zeiler, Christian Slugovc","doi":"10.1002/adsc.70218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adsc.70218","url":null,"abstract":"The combination of azole compounds, such as 1‐methylimidazole and oxiranes (e.g., phenyl glycidyl ether) gives carbenoid reactivity at elevated temperatures. Benzoin condensation was performed with 5 mol% azole and 10 mol% oxirane under air at temperatures of 70°C and above, achieving conversions of up to 85% of benzaldehyde and yields of up to 64% of benzoin. The lower benzoin yield is due to the formation of oxidative benzoin follow‐up products under these reaction conditions. A variety of combinations of azole compounds and oxiranes have been shown to catalyze benzoin condensation. Thus, a modular, potentially inexpensive method of generating carbenoid reactivity has been revealed. The proposed mechanism for catalyst formation involves oxirane opening by, for example, 1‐methylimidazole, which forms a zwitterionic methylimidazolium adduct with the oxirane. Then, the acidic proton in the 2‐position of the imidazolium core is deprotonated by the zwitterion's alkoxide releasing the corresponding N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC). In addition to its primary function, surplus oxirane serves as a scavenger, removing acidic byproducts that are formed from the aldehyde through oxidative NHC catalysis. This property enables benzoin condensation without the exclusion of oxygen. The practical utility of this catalytic system was demonstrated by polymerizing simple bifunctional aldehyde/oxirane monomers—namely, 4‐(2‐oxiranylmethoxy)‐benzaldehyde, 3‐(2‐oxiranylmethoxy)‐benzaldehyde, and vanillin‐based 2‐methoxy‐4‐(2‐oxiranylmethoxy)‐benzaldehyde—using 5 mol% 1‐methylimidazole in a solventless manner and without excluding air. The monomers polymerized via both the formyl and the oxirane groups, yielded thermosets with glass transition temperatures above 100°C.","PeriodicalId":118,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adam Cieśliński, Artur Przydacz, Anna Skrzyńska, Łukasz Albrecht
Dearomative Higher-Order Cycloaddition
The cover, designed by Adam Cieśliński, depicts a chain of domino tiles, symbolizing the sequential nature of the chemical processes described. The adjacent tiles represent substrates—a 2π-hetero-higherenophile and a 10π-higherene—that, when subjected to NHC catalysis, undergo a higher-order cycloaddition to form a novel product. More information can be found in the Research Article by Anna Skrzyńska, Albrecht Łukasz, and co-workers (10.1002/adsc.70197).