Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2016.7695576
J. Koponen, A. Kosonen, Kimmo Huoman, J. Ahola, T. Ahonen, V. Ruuskanen
Power electronics enable the interconnection between renewable energy and electrolytic hydrogen production. At ambient conditions, the volumetric energy density of hydrogen is low, and therefore pressurisation is required. This paper studies the effect of the hydrogen outlet pressure from PEM electrolysers on the specific energy consumption of water electrolyser systems.
{"title":"Specific energy consumption of PEM water electrolysers in atmospheric and pressurised conditions","authors":"J. Koponen, A. Kosonen, Kimmo Huoman, J. Ahola, T. Ahonen, V. Ruuskanen","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2016.7695576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2016.7695576","url":null,"abstract":"Power electronics enable the interconnection between renewable energy and electrolytic hydrogen production. At ambient conditions, the volumetric energy density of hydrogen is low, and therefore pressurisation is required. This paper studies the effect of the hydrogen outlet pressure from PEM electrolysers on the specific energy consumption of water electrolyser systems.","PeriodicalId":119358,"journal":{"name":"2016 18th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'16 ECCE Europe)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130532161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2016.7695404
C. Dincan, P. Kjor
This paper proposes a methodology for characterization of medium voltage (MV), medium frequency (MF) rectifier diode valve. The intended application is for 10MW dc/dc converters used in DC offshore wind turbines. Sensitivity to semiconductor component parameter variation, snubber component tolerance, influence of temperature and stray capacitance are analyzed. It is concluded that the largest impact on sensitivity is given by reverse recovery charge variation and differences of temperature between adjacent devices.
{"title":"Characterization of diode valve in medium voltage dc/dc converter for wind turbines","authors":"C. Dincan, P. Kjor","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2016.7695404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2016.7695404","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a methodology for characterization of medium voltage (MV), medium frequency (MF) rectifier diode valve. The intended application is for 10MW dc/dc converters used in DC offshore wind turbines. Sensitivity to semiconductor component parameter variation, snubber component tolerance, influence of temperature and stray capacitance are analyzed. It is concluded that the largest impact on sensitivity is given by reverse recovery charge variation and differences of temperature between adjacent devices.","PeriodicalId":119358,"journal":{"name":"2016 18th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'16 ECCE Europe)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132489133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2016.7695320
Binhua Li, Ru Yang, Liande Yu
Chaotic detection is presented to deal with the problem that the weak electrical signals of a stator are difficult to measure when a motor is at a low speed. In practice, traditional chaotic method will take a long time, and it is not accurate enough, so cell mapping theory is introduced, and this approach is faster and more accurate compared with the traditional chaotic method.
{"title":"Application of cell mapping method in chaotic detection of asynchronous motor at low speed","authors":"Binhua Li, Ru Yang, Liande Yu","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2016.7695320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2016.7695320","url":null,"abstract":"Chaotic detection is presented to deal with the problem that the weak electrical signals of a stator are difficult to measure when a motor is at a low speed. In practice, traditional chaotic method will take a long time, and it is not accurate enough, so cell mapping theory is introduced, and this approach is faster and more accurate compared with the traditional chaotic method.","PeriodicalId":119358,"journal":{"name":"2016 18th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'16 ECCE Europe)","volume":" 14","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132041305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2016.7695591
Johannes Heseding, Felix Müller-Deile, A. Mertens
This paper presents a method to measure the frequency dependent impedance of an electric machine to calculate the additional losses caused by inverter output voltage harmonics. These losses are calculated by combining the calculated inverter output voltage spectrum and the measured frequency dependent impedance of the machine.
{"title":"Estimation of losses in permanent magnet synchronous machines caused by inverter voltage harmonics in driving cycle operation","authors":"Johannes Heseding, Felix Müller-Deile, A. Mertens","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2016.7695591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2016.7695591","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method to measure the frequency dependent impedance of an electric machine to calculate the additional losses caused by inverter output voltage harmonics. These losses are calculated by combining the calculated inverter output voltage spectrum and the measured frequency dependent impedance of the machine.","PeriodicalId":119358,"journal":{"name":"2016 18th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'16 ECCE Europe)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130929800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2016.7695487
F. de Bosio, M. Pastorelli, L. A. de Souza Ribeiro, Francisco Daniel Freijedo, J. Guerrero
This paper analyzes the influence of state feedback coupling between the capacitor voltage and inductor current in voltage source inverters (VSI) operating in stand-alone microgrids. A decoupling technique is proposed as an effective measure to enhance the dynamics. Further implementation issues and control structures are also considered. Lab-scale experimental results prove the validity of the approaches.
{"title":"Implementation issues on the design of current loops based on resonant regulators for isolated microgrids","authors":"F. de Bosio, M. Pastorelli, L. A. de Souza Ribeiro, Francisco Daniel Freijedo, J. Guerrero","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2016.7695487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2016.7695487","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the influence of state feedback coupling between the capacitor voltage and inductor current in voltage source inverters (VSI) operating in stand-alone microgrids. A decoupling technique is proposed as an effective measure to enhance the dynamics. Further implementation issues and control structures are also considered. Lab-scale experimental results prove the validity of the approaches.","PeriodicalId":119358,"journal":{"name":"2016 18th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'16 ECCE Europe)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130247469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2016.7695280
M. Ricco, L. Mathe, R. Teodorescu
In this paper an implementation technique for Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) devices of two Sorting Networks (SNs) used for control of Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) is presented. In such applications, the classical sorting algorithms are based on repetitive/recursive loops, and they are usually implemented in microcontrollers or DSPs. However, they are not convenient for hardware implementation due to their inherent sequential operation. Instead, the proposed SNs, are suitable for FPGA devices thanks to their fixed parallel structure that allows improving the timing performance of the capacitor voltage balancing algorithm. The advantages and the main challenges of the Bitonic SN and Even-Odd SN in MMC applications are discussed. Moreover, in order to pre-evaluate the required resources and the execution time, equations are derived for both the proposed SNs and then a comparison is performed between them. The proposed equations are validated by comparing the real required resources with the estimated ones by using the Xilinx Vivado Design Suite tool. Finally, the operation of the proposed Bitonic SN is also tested in Vivado Simulator, achieving the sorted list of 8 elements in 18 clock cycles as expected.
{"title":"FPGA-based implementation of sorting networks in MMC applications","authors":"M. Ricco, L. Mathe, R. Teodorescu","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2016.7695280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2016.7695280","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper an implementation technique for Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) devices of two Sorting Networks (SNs) used for control of Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) is presented. In such applications, the classical sorting algorithms are based on repetitive/recursive loops, and they are usually implemented in microcontrollers or DSPs. However, they are not convenient for hardware implementation due to their inherent sequential operation. Instead, the proposed SNs, are suitable for FPGA devices thanks to their fixed parallel structure that allows improving the timing performance of the capacitor voltage balancing algorithm. The advantages and the main challenges of the Bitonic SN and Even-Odd SN in MMC applications are discussed. Moreover, in order to pre-evaluate the required resources and the execution time, equations are derived for both the proposed SNs and then a comparison is performed between them. The proposed equations are validated by comparing the real required resources with the estimated ones by using the Xilinx Vivado Design Suite tool. Finally, the operation of the proposed Bitonic SN is also tested in Vivado Simulator, achieving the sorted list of 8 elements in 18 clock cycles as expected.","PeriodicalId":119358,"journal":{"name":"2016 18th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'16 ECCE Europe)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127915770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2016.7695448
Diane-Perle Sadik, Stefanie Heinig, Keijo Jacobs, D. Johannesson, Jang-Kwon Lim, M. Nawaz, F. Dijkhuizen, M. Bakowski, S. Norrga, H. Nee
The surge current capability of the body-diode of SiC MOSFETs is experimentally analyzed in order to investigate the possibility of using SiC MOSFETs for HVDC applications. SiC MOSFET discrete devices and modules have been tested with surge currents up to 10 times the rated current and for durations up to 2 ms. Although the presence of stacking faults cannot be excluded, the experiments reveal that the failure may occur due to the latch-up of the parasitic n-p-n transistor located in the SiC MOSFET.
{"title":"Investigation of the surge current capability of the body diode of SiC MOSFETs for HVDC applications","authors":"Diane-Perle Sadik, Stefanie Heinig, Keijo Jacobs, D. Johannesson, Jang-Kwon Lim, M. Nawaz, F. Dijkhuizen, M. Bakowski, S. Norrga, H. Nee","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2016.7695448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2016.7695448","url":null,"abstract":"The surge current capability of the body-diode of SiC MOSFETs is experimentally analyzed in order to investigate the possibility of using SiC MOSFETs for HVDC applications. SiC MOSFET discrete devices and modules have been tested with surge currents up to 10 times the rated current and for durations up to 2 ms. Although the presence of stacking faults cannot be excluded, the experiments reveal that the failure may occur due to the latch-up of the parasitic n-p-n transistor located in the SiC MOSFET.","PeriodicalId":119358,"journal":{"name":"2016 18th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'16 ECCE Europe)","volume":"300 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131427534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2016.7695367
Artjom Gruber, K. Rigbers
This paper deals with the estimation of the lifetime consumption of power semiconductor modules due to power cycling with regard to a 125 kW photovoltaic inverter. The described calculation model takes into account a demanding photovoltaic mission profile, the operating point dependent behavior of the photovoltaic inverter, the amount of parallel semiconductor chips and the cooling system design. Different packaging technologies including state-of-the-art and new technologies with improved power cycling capability are considered based on power cycling diagrams published by semiconductor module manufacturers and the possible influence of the usage of silicon carbide instead of silicon chips is discussed. As a result, the calculated lifetime consumption as a function of the maximum junction temperature of the inverter design is presented.
{"title":"Estimation of the lifetime consumption of power semiconductors due to power cycling in a photovoltaic inverter","authors":"Artjom Gruber, K. Rigbers","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2016.7695367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2016.7695367","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the estimation of the lifetime consumption of power semiconductor modules due to power cycling with regard to a 125 kW photovoltaic inverter. The described calculation model takes into account a demanding photovoltaic mission profile, the operating point dependent behavior of the photovoltaic inverter, the amount of parallel semiconductor chips and the cooling system design. Different packaging technologies including state-of-the-art and new technologies with improved power cycling capability are considered based on power cycling diagrams published by semiconductor module manufacturers and the possible influence of the usage of silicon carbide instead of silicon chips is discussed. As a result, the calculated lifetime consumption as a function of the maximum junction temperature of the inverter design is presented.","PeriodicalId":119358,"journal":{"name":"2016 18th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'16 ECCE Europe)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122570736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2016.7695687
Johann Austermann, H. Borcherding, H. Stichweh, Volker Grabs
This paper introduces an efficient modular solution kit for intralogistic drives, which reduces the total energy consumption of all drives in an automated warehouse by more than 15%. The reduction of energy consumption results from the interaction of optimized components (motors, control techniques and regeneration units), which are described in detail in this paper. Different motor concepts like the induction motor, the synchronous reluctance motor and the permanent magnet synchronous machine are compared according to the special requirements for intralogistics applications. Different control techniques are presented in order to achieve sensorless and efficient-optimal operation of these motors. The sensorless control technique uses signal injection to detect the rotor position sufficiently exact also in case of speed near standstill. Efficient-optimal operation is achieved by reducing the motor current with regard to the torque (MTPA-control). Furthermore this paper introduces a regeneration unit that can be connected between the DC link of frequency inverters and the mains to feed back regenerative energy. The regeneration unit consisting of a buck converter, a synchronous inverter and a line-filter can work in parallel to commonly used uncontrolled rectifiers. Its functioning is shown with the help of measurement results of a 1kW laboratory prototype. The last section shows a demonstrator in which a conventional conveyer system (with induction motor and braking resistor) is compared with an optimized one using the presented components. Power versus time measurements show specific energy savings resulting from the interaction of the optimized components.
{"title":"High efficient modular drive system — An ideal approach for green intralogistics applications","authors":"Johann Austermann, H. Borcherding, H. Stichweh, Volker Grabs","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2016.7695687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2016.7695687","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces an efficient modular solution kit for intralogistic drives, which reduces the total energy consumption of all drives in an automated warehouse by more than 15%. The reduction of energy consumption results from the interaction of optimized components (motors, control techniques and regeneration units), which are described in detail in this paper. Different motor concepts like the induction motor, the synchronous reluctance motor and the permanent magnet synchronous machine are compared according to the special requirements for intralogistics applications. Different control techniques are presented in order to achieve sensorless and efficient-optimal operation of these motors. The sensorless control technique uses signal injection to detect the rotor position sufficiently exact also in case of speed near standstill. Efficient-optimal operation is achieved by reducing the motor current with regard to the torque (MTPA-control). Furthermore this paper introduces a regeneration unit that can be connected between the DC link of frequency inverters and the mains to feed back regenerative energy. The regeneration unit consisting of a buck converter, a synchronous inverter and a line-filter can work in parallel to commonly used uncontrolled rectifiers. Its functioning is shown with the help of measurement results of a 1kW laboratory prototype. The last section shows a demonstrator in which a conventional conveyer system (with induction motor and braking resistor) is compared with an optimized one using the presented components. Power versus time measurements show specific energy savings resulting from the interaction of the optimized components.","PeriodicalId":119358,"journal":{"name":"2016 18th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'16 ECCE Europe)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126459378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2016.7695327
M. Trabelsi, S. Bayhan, S. Refaat, H. Abu-Rub, L. Ben‐Brahim
This paper presents a multi-objective Model Predictive Control (MPC) for grid-tied 4-cell 15-level Packed U Cells (PUC) inverter. This challenging topology is characterized by high power quality with reduced number of components compared to conventional multilevel inverters. Compared to traditional PI controller, MPC is attracting more interest due to its good dynamic response and high accuracy of reference tracking, through the minimization of a flexible user-defined cost function. For the presented PUC topology, the grid current should be jointly controlled with the capacitors' voltages for ensuring proper operation of the inverter, which leads to an additional requirement of pre-charge circuits for the capacitors in case of using PI current controller (or using additional PI controllers). The proposed MPC achieves grid current injection, low current THD, unity PF, while balancing the capacitors' voltages.
{"title":"Multi-objective model predictive control for grid-tied 15-level packed U cells inverter","authors":"M. Trabelsi, S. Bayhan, S. Refaat, H. Abu-Rub, L. Ben‐Brahim","doi":"10.1109/EPE.2016.7695327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2016.7695327","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a multi-objective Model Predictive Control (MPC) for grid-tied 4-cell 15-level Packed U Cells (PUC) inverter. This challenging topology is characterized by high power quality with reduced number of components compared to conventional multilevel inverters. Compared to traditional PI controller, MPC is attracting more interest due to its good dynamic response and high accuracy of reference tracking, through the minimization of a flexible user-defined cost function. For the presented PUC topology, the grid current should be jointly controlled with the capacitors' voltages for ensuring proper operation of the inverter, which leads to an additional requirement of pre-charge circuits for the capacitors in case of using PI current controller (or using additional PI controllers). The proposed MPC achieves grid current injection, low current THD, unity PF, while balancing the capacitors' voltages.","PeriodicalId":119358,"journal":{"name":"2016 18th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'16 ECCE Europe)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116199314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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