Pub Date : 2023-09-18DOI: 10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003032
Ram Chander Sihag
Pollinator declines at the global level are the major concern of ecologists. Two ground nesting native andrenid bee species are important part of the pollination services of Northwest India. These include, Andrena savignyi Spinola an important wild pollinator of some major oilseed crops of the family Brassicaseae, and Andrena leaena Cameron an important wild pollinator of some spices crops of the family Umbelliferae, and vegetable crops of the families Brassicaceae, Apiaceae and Leguminoseae. Their importance in the agroecosystems of Northwest India notwithstanding, the actual status of their populations in such habitats is not known. The purpose of this study is to explore the latter aspect of these bees in Northwest India. A survey was conducted on the abundances of two andrenid species foraging on their respective host plants from 1990 to 2015 at an interval of 5 years. I counted the number of foraging bees of the two species on two crops viz. Andrena savignyi on a winter-flowering crop, raya (Brassica juncea) and Andrena leaena on a summer-flowering crop, carrot (Daucus carota). In 25 years, the foraging populations of Andrena savignyi declined from 4.16±0.168 bees/m2 in 1990 to 1.2±0.09 bees/m2 in 2015 and of Andrena leaena from 5.24±0.156 bees/m2 in 1990 to 1.4±0.11 bees/m2 in 2015. This decline in the numbers of foraging bees seemed to be caused by the habitat loss and poisoning of these bees due to the excessive and indiscriminate use of weedicides in the wheat and rice crops grown in this region. Viewing the importance of these bees in the pollination of crops, it is suggested that, habitat of these bees be conserved and, if at all necessary, weedicides safe to the soil nesting bees be used
{"title":"Two native andrenid bee pollinators face severe population declines in the semi-arid environments of Northwest India","authors":"Ram Chander Sihag","doi":"10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003032","url":null,"abstract":"Pollinator declines at the global level are the major concern of ecologists. Two ground nesting native andrenid bee species are important part of the pollination services of Northwest India. These include, Andrena savignyi Spinola an important wild pollinator of some major oilseed crops of the family Brassicaseae, and Andrena leaena Cameron an important wild pollinator of some spices crops of the family Umbelliferae, and vegetable crops of the families Brassicaceae, Apiaceae and Leguminoseae. Their importance in the agroecosystems of Northwest India notwithstanding, the actual status of their populations in such habitats is not known. The purpose of this study is to explore the latter aspect of these bees in Northwest India. A survey was conducted on the abundances of two andrenid species foraging on their respective host plants from 1990 to 2015 at an interval of 5 years. I counted the number of foraging bees of the two species on two crops viz. Andrena savignyi on a winter-flowering crop, raya (Brassica juncea) and Andrena leaena on a summer-flowering crop, carrot (Daucus carota). In 25 years, the foraging populations of Andrena savignyi declined from 4.16±0.168 bees/m2 in 1990 to 1.2±0.09 bees/m2 in 2015 and of Andrena leaena from 5.24±0.156 bees/m2 in 1990 to 1.4±0.11 bees/m2 in 2015. This decline in the numbers of foraging bees seemed to be caused by the habitat loss and poisoning of these bees due to the excessive and indiscriminate use of weedicides in the wheat and rice crops grown in this region. Viewing the importance of these bees in the pollination of crops, it is suggested that, habitat of these bees be conserved and, if at all necessary, weedicides safe to the soil nesting bees be used","PeriodicalId":11962,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Life Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135208480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003020
Aparna Joshi, Rajshri Waghmare, Mahadev Jadhav
Pyocyanin, a blue-green phenazine pigment, is produced by various strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and has demonstrated diverse applications in medicine, agriculture, environmental protection, and nanotechnology. This study aimed to isolate and purify pyocyanin pigment from Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures grown in different media, including succinate, glucose, King’s B, and Muller-Hinton broth. The chloroform extraction method was employed to extract the pigment, resulting in the separation of two layers, with the pyocyanin-enriched pigment residing in the lower blue layer containing chloroform. Subsequently, the pigment was subjected to further purification using column chromatography on a silica gel column, employing chloroform as the elution solvent. The purified pyocyanin was verified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), ensuring its integrity and purity. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer was then employed to characterize the purified pigments, providing valuable insights into their spectral properties. The results indicate successful isolation and purification of pyocyanin pigment from Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures in various media, demonstrating the versatility of the extraction method used. The characterization through UV-Vis spectrophotometry confirms the purity of the obtained pigment, validating its potential applicability in a wide range of fields, including medicine, agriculture, environmental management, and nanotechnology for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. This research contributes to a better understanding of pyocyanin production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and offers valuable insights into its potential applications, thereby opening new avenues for further exploration and exploitation of this valuable pigment in various industrial and scientific domains
{"title":"Production and characterization of pyocyanin pigment from Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"Aparna Joshi, Rajshri Waghmare, Mahadev Jadhav","doi":"10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003020","url":null,"abstract":"Pyocyanin, a blue-green phenazine pigment, is produced by various strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and has demonstrated diverse applications in medicine, agriculture, environmental protection, and nanotechnology. This study aimed to isolate and purify pyocyanin pigment from Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures grown in different media, including succinate, glucose, King’s B, and Muller-Hinton broth. The chloroform extraction method was employed to extract the pigment, resulting in the separation of two layers, with the pyocyanin-enriched pigment residing in the lower blue layer containing chloroform. Subsequently, the pigment was subjected to further purification using column chromatography on a silica gel column, employing chloroform as the elution solvent. The purified pyocyanin was verified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), ensuring its integrity and purity. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer was then employed to characterize the purified pigments, providing valuable insights into their spectral properties. The results indicate successful isolation and purification of pyocyanin pigment from Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures in various media, demonstrating the versatility of the extraction method used. The characterization through UV-Vis spectrophotometry confirms the purity of the obtained pigment, validating its potential applicability in a wide range of fields, including medicine, agriculture, environmental management, and nanotechnology for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. \u0000This research contributes to a better understanding of pyocyanin production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and offers valuable insights into its potential applications, thereby opening new avenues for further exploration and exploitation of this valuable pigment in various industrial and scientific domains","PeriodicalId":11962,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Life Sciences","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80408201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003069
Ihor Kolesnykov, Anatoliy Kabar
The aim of this study is to inventory the taxonomic diversity of lichens in the territory of the protected area of local importance "Novokodatskyi Park" located within the large industrial city of Dnipro (Dnipro region, Ukraine), taking into account the data of automated air monitoring. Along with the development of instrumental methods for studying the state of environmental components, biological monitoring is also relevant. After all, living organisms, namely their taxonomic diversity, number and its dynamics, etc., are integral indicators of the state of the environment. Numerous species of organisms are widely used as biomonitors of air pollution, the most famous of which are lichens, as it has been found that with an increase in the content of pollutants in the air, bushy, then leafy and finally scaling forms of lichens first disappear. Numerous studies have also shown a correlation between the number of lichen species and increased concentrations of pollutants in the air. The city of Dnipro is one of the largest industrial cities in Ukraine and has a high level of technogenic load. There are 10 industrial facilities of national and regional significance within the city of Dnipro, which are included in the List of the most environmentally hazardous facilities, and the largest metallurgical enterprises are concentrated in the Novokodatskyi district of Dnipro. During the survey of the territory of the Novokodatskyi Park, a nature reserve of local importance, 10 species of lichens from 6 families were registered. Let’s believe that the study of the taxonomic diversity of the lichen biota of large industrial cities and other settlements is a promising area of research in terms of lichen indication. After all, in this case, lichen diversity is an integral indicator, and the results obtained are quite clear
{"title":"Taxonomic diversity of lichens of a protected area in an industrial city (as an example of the city of Dnipro, Ukraine)","authors":"Ihor Kolesnykov, Anatoliy Kabar","doi":"10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003069","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to inventory the taxonomic diversity of lichens in the territory of the protected area of local importance \"Novokodatskyi Park\" located within the large industrial city of Dnipro (Dnipro region, Ukraine), taking into account the data of automated air monitoring. Along with the development of instrumental methods for studying the state of environmental components, biological monitoring is also relevant. After all, living organisms, namely their taxonomic diversity, number and its dynamics, etc., are integral indicators of the state of the environment. Numerous species of organisms are widely used as biomonitors of air pollution, the most famous of which are lichens, as it has been found that with an increase in the content of pollutants in the air, bushy, then leafy and finally scaling forms of lichens first disappear. Numerous studies have also shown a correlation between the number of lichen species and increased concentrations of pollutants in the air. The city of Dnipro is one of the largest industrial cities in Ukraine and has a high level of technogenic load. There are 10 industrial facilities of national and regional significance within the city of Dnipro, which are included in the List of the most environmentally hazardous facilities, and the largest metallurgical enterprises are concentrated in the Novokodatskyi district of Dnipro. During the survey of the territory of the Novokodatskyi Park, a nature reserve of local importance, 10 species of lichens from 6 families were registered. Let’s believe that the study of the taxonomic diversity of the lichen biota of large industrial cities and other settlements is a promising area of research in terms of lichen indication. After all, in this case, lichen diversity is an integral indicator, and the results obtained are quite clear","PeriodicalId":11962,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Life Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80689856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003030
M. Mutetwa, Brian Panashe Mafukidze, B. T. Makaure, Tariro Clara Mubaiwa, Obvious Dendera, Elvis Tovigepi, T. Mtaita, W. Ngezimana, Paul Chaibva
The horned melon (Cucumis metuliferus) is mostly grown in tropical and subtropical countries, where it thrives on deep to shallow, well-drained soils. Seed dormancy, which causes poor and delayed germination, has remained a problem for farmers in several African countries, including Zimbabwe, who have begun producing horned melon. Midlands State University conducted a laboratory experiment to evaluate the effects of potassium nitrate on seed germination and early seedling growth of horned melon. The experiment was set up in a Completely Random Design (CRD) with seven different potassium nitrate (KNO3) concentrations (0 %, 0.5 %, 1.0 %, 1.5 %, 2.0 %, 2.5 %, and 3.0 %), each duplicated three times. The data was analyzed using a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in Genstat 18th edition. The characteristics of germination and early seedling development were assessed. All germination and early seedling development characteristics were significantly affected by potassium nitrate. Germination %, mean germination rate, germination index, mean daily germination percent, synchronization of germination, peak value for germination, and germination value all had a significant influence. Potassium nitrate had a significant influence on mean germination time and time to 50 % germination, with the lowest values obtained on seeds primed with 3 % KNO3. There was a significant difference in seedling height, root length, seedling length, fresh biomass, and dry weight between seeds primed with 2.5 % KNO3 and seeds not primed with 2.5 % KNO3. Farmers are advised to use 2.5 % KNO3 concentration for seed priming for optimal germination and early plant development of horned melon
{"title":"Priming seeds with potassium nitrate is associated with modulation of seed germination and seedling growth ecology of cucumis metuliferus","authors":"M. Mutetwa, Brian Panashe Mafukidze, B. T. Makaure, Tariro Clara Mubaiwa, Obvious Dendera, Elvis Tovigepi, T. Mtaita, W. Ngezimana, Paul Chaibva","doi":"10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003030","url":null,"abstract":"The horned melon (Cucumis metuliferus) is mostly grown in tropical and subtropical countries, where it thrives on deep to shallow, well-drained soils. Seed dormancy, which causes poor and delayed germination, has remained a problem for farmers in several African countries, including Zimbabwe, who have begun producing horned melon. Midlands State University conducted a laboratory experiment to evaluate the effects of potassium nitrate on seed germination and early seedling growth of horned melon. The experiment was set up in a Completely Random Design (CRD) with seven different potassium nitrate (KNO3) concentrations (0 %, 0.5 %, 1.0 %, 1.5 %, 2.0 %, 2.5 %, and 3.0 %), each duplicated three times. The data was analyzed using a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in Genstat 18th edition. The characteristics of germination and early seedling development were assessed. All germination and early seedling development characteristics were significantly affected by potassium nitrate. Germination %, mean germination rate, germination index, mean daily germination percent, synchronization of germination, peak value for germination, and germination value all had a significant influence. Potassium nitrate had a significant influence on mean germination time and time to 50 % germination, with the lowest values obtained on seeds primed with 3 % KNO3. There was a significant difference in seedling height, root length, seedling length, fresh biomass, and dry weight between seeds primed with 2.5 % KNO3 and seeds not primed with 2.5 % KNO3. Farmers are advised to use 2.5 % KNO3 concentration for seed priming for optimal germination and early plant development of horned melon","PeriodicalId":11962,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Life Sciences","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84877651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and research objectives: Finding sustainable management options for the local communities that depend on medicinal plants is crucial in the face of human pressure on these plants. This study contributes to the sustainable management of medecinal plants in Togo. It aims to censusing medecinal plants and pathologies and identify the endogenous sustainable management strategies for medicinal plants in the Moba ethnic group of Togo. Methods: Data was collected through semi-structured ethnobotanical individual interviews with 50 traditional healers, recorded on a Microsoft Excel 10 spreadsheet and processed with the Sphinx5V software and the Microsoft Excel 10 table. Results: 166 medicinal plants were reported in the treatment of 91 pathologies dominated by dysmenorrhoea, stomachache, wounds, general and chronic asthenia, and infantile umbilical hernia. The most represented botanical families were: the Poaceae (12), the Combretaceae (10), and the Euphorbiaceae (10), Caesalpiniaceae (8), and Mimosaceae (7). The most important species according to the Species Importance Value Index (IVIsp) are: Vitellaria paradoxa (159.59), Parkia biglobosa (145.94), Securidaca longipedunculata (145.12), Diospyros mespiliformis (133.51), Annona senegalensis (123.88), Khaya senegalensis (110.52), Cymbopogon proximus (106.88), Cymbopogon giganteus (102.03), Zanthozylum zanthoxyloides (99.005). The most used plant parts are roots (18.6 %), leaves (17.85 %), bark of the trunk (16.66 %), the whole plant (14.28 %) and the fruits (12.30 %). Endogenous management strategies for medicinal plants include in situ protection in fields, reforestation, and respect for totemic trees, groves and sacred forests.
{"title":"Use and management of medicinal plants among the Moba in the prefecture of Tone in Togo","authors":"Noundja Liyabin, Zerbo Patrice, Atakpama Wouyo, Wala Kperkouma, Batawila Komlan, Akpagana Koffi","doi":"10.21303/2504-5695.2023.002992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2023.002992","url":null,"abstract":"Background and research objectives: Finding sustainable management options for the local communities that depend on medicinal plants is crucial in the face of human pressure on these plants. This study contributes to the sustainable management of medecinal plants in Togo. It aims to censusing medecinal plants and pathologies and identify the endogenous sustainable management strategies for medicinal plants in the Moba ethnic group of Togo. Methods: Data was collected through semi-structured ethnobotanical individual interviews with 50 traditional healers, recorded on a Microsoft Excel 10 spreadsheet and processed with the Sphinx5V software and the Microsoft Excel 10 table. Results: 166 medicinal plants were reported in the treatment of 91 pathologies dominated by dysmenorrhoea, stomachache, wounds, general and chronic asthenia, and infantile umbilical hernia. The most represented botanical families were: the Poaceae (12), the Combretaceae (10), and the Euphorbiaceae (10), Caesalpiniaceae (8), and Mimosaceae (7). The most important species according to the Species Importance Value Index (IVIsp) are: Vitellaria paradoxa (159.59), Parkia biglobosa (145.94), Securidaca longipedunculata (145.12), Diospyros mespiliformis (133.51), Annona senegalensis (123.88), Khaya senegalensis (110.52), Cymbopogon proximus (106.88), Cymbopogon giganteus (102.03), Zanthozylum zanthoxyloides (99.005). The most used plant parts are roots (18.6 %), leaves (17.85 %), bark of the trunk (16.66 %), the whole plant (14.28 %) and the fruits (12.30 %). Endogenous management strategies for medicinal plants include in situ protection in fields, reforestation, and respect for totemic trees, groves and sacred forests.","PeriodicalId":11962,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Life Sciences","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81018358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Growing evidence highlights the potential consequences of long-term spaceflight, including gray matter volume reduction and cognitive dysfunction with subclinical manifestations of diabetes mellitus among astronauts, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we found that long-term simulated weightlessness induced hippocampal insulin resistance and subsequent neuronal damage and cognitive impairment in rats. Rats subjected to 4-week tail suspension exhibited peripheral insulin resistance, evidenced by increased fasting blood glucose and abnormal glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance, alongside reduced spontaneous activity and impaired recognition memory. In addition, 4 weeks of simulated weightlessness induced neuronal apoptosis and degeneration in the hippocampus, as evidenced by increased TUNEL and Fluoro-Jade B staining-positive neurons. Mechanistically, insulin-stimulated hippocampal Akt phosphorylation was decreased, while PTEN, the negative regulator of insulin signaling, was increased in the hippocampus in tail-suspended rats. Interestingly, treatment with berberine, an insulin sensitizer, partly reversed the above-mentioned effects induced by simulated weightlessness. These data suggest that long-term simulated weightlessness induces cognitive impairment as well as neuronal apoptosis and neural degeneration, partially through hippocampal insulin resistance via PTEN up-regulation. Berberine treatment attenuates hippocampal insulin resistance and improves cognitive function.
{"title":"Simulated weightlessness induces hippocampal insulin resistance and cognitive impairment.","authors":"Jiahui Li, Caiyan Xue, Hongyan Yang, Jiaxin Zhang, Guohua Li, Jijun Li, Fang Kuang, Jing Chen, S. Zhang, F. Gao, Zhenzhen Kou, Xing Zhang, Ling Dong","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4394168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4394168","url":null,"abstract":"Growing evidence highlights the potential consequences of long-term spaceflight, including gray matter volume reduction and cognitive dysfunction with subclinical manifestations of diabetes mellitus among astronauts, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we found that long-term simulated weightlessness induced hippocampal insulin resistance and subsequent neuronal damage and cognitive impairment in rats. Rats subjected to 4-week tail suspension exhibited peripheral insulin resistance, evidenced by increased fasting blood glucose and abnormal glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance, alongside reduced spontaneous activity and impaired recognition memory. In addition, 4 weeks of simulated weightlessness induced neuronal apoptosis and degeneration in the hippocampus, as evidenced by increased TUNEL and Fluoro-Jade B staining-positive neurons. Mechanistically, insulin-stimulated hippocampal Akt phosphorylation was decreased, while PTEN, the negative regulator of insulin signaling, was increased in the hippocampus in tail-suspended rats. Interestingly, treatment with berberine, an insulin sensitizer, partly reversed the above-mentioned effects induced by simulated weightlessness. These data suggest that long-term simulated weightlessness induces cognitive impairment as well as neuronal apoptosis and neural degeneration, partially through hippocampal insulin resistance via PTEN up-regulation. Berberine treatment attenuates hippocampal insulin resistance and improves cognitive function.","PeriodicalId":11962,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Life Sciences","volume":"85 1","pages":"122112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83993170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AIMS Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in vascular repair. However, they are dysfunctional in the inflammatory microenvironment during restenosis. In this study, we investigated whether omentin-1, an anti-inflammatory factor, could reduce neointima formation after carotid artery injury (CAI) in rats by improving EPC functions that were damaged by inflammation and the underlying mechanisms. MAIN METHODS EPCs were transfected with adenoviral vectors expressing human omentin-1 or green fluorescent protein (GFP). Then, the rats received 2 × 106 EPCs expressing omentin-1 or GFP by tail vein injection directly after CAI and again 24 h later. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry were used for analyzing neointimal hyperplasia. Besides, EPCs were treated with omentin-1 and TNF-α to examine the underlying mechanism. KEY FINDINGS Our results showed that omentin-1 could significantly improve EPC functions, including proliferation, apoptosis and tube formation. Meanwhile, EPCs overexpressed with omentin-1 could significantly reduce neointimal hyperplasia and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression after CAI in rats. TNF-α could notably induce EPC dysfunction, which could be markedly reversed by omentin-1 through the inhibition of the p38 MAPK/CREB pathway. Furthermore, a p38 MAPK agonist (anisomycin) significantly abrogated the protective effects of omentin-1 on EPCs damaged by TNF-α. SIGNIFICANCE Our results indicated that genetically modifying EPC with omentin-1 could be an alternative strategy for the treatment of restenosis.
{"title":"Omentin-1 enhances the inhibitory effect of endothelial progenitor cells on neointimal hyperplasia by inhibiting the p38 MAPK/CREB pathway.","authors":"Y. Xiang, Zheng-Shi Zhou, Ling-Ping Zhu, Chuan-Chang Li, Ying Luo, Ji-Peng Zhou","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4363558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4363558","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS\u0000Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in vascular repair. However, they are dysfunctional in the inflammatory microenvironment during restenosis. In this study, we investigated whether omentin-1, an anti-inflammatory factor, could reduce neointima formation after carotid artery injury (CAI) in rats by improving EPC functions that were damaged by inflammation and the underlying mechanisms.\u0000\u0000\u0000MAIN METHODS\u0000EPCs were transfected with adenoviral vectors expressing human omentin-1 or green fluorescent protein (GFP). Then, the rats received 2 × 106 EPCs expressing omentin-1 or GFP by tail vein injection directly after CAI and again 24 h later. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry were used for analyzing neointimal hyperplasia. Besides, EPCs were treated with omentin-1 and TNF-α to examine the underlying mechanism.\u0000\u0000\u0000KEY FINDINGS\u0000Our results showed that omentin-1 could significantly improve EPC functions, including proliferation, apoptosis and tube formation. Meanwhile, EPCs overexpressed with omentin-1 could significantly reduce neointimal hyperplasia and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression after CAI in rats. TNF-α could notably induce EPC dysfunction, which could be markedly reversed by omentin-1 through the inhibition of the p38 MAPK/CREB pathway. Furthermore, a p38 MAPK agonist (anisomycin) significantly abrogated the protective effects of omentin-1 on EPCs damaged by TNF-α.\u0000\u0000\u0000SIGNIFICANCE\u0000Our results indicated that genetically modifying EPC with omentin-1 could be an alternative strategy for the treatment of restenosis.","PeriodicalId":11962,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Life Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"122061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82584142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-28DOI: 10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003034
C. C. Onoyima, Nichodemus Emeka Onoyima
The recent increase in population growth and industrialization has resulted in higher pollution loads in the environment including the groundwater, which is a vital freshwater resource. Water Quality Index (WQI) was used to assess the water quality of the study area, while multivariate statistical techniques, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA), were used to identify possible sources of the pollutants. The results of the descriptive statistics show that pH, Chloride, Alkalinity, Nitrate, and Cu are within the WHO standard for drinking water in all the water samples, while Cl-, Cd, Cr, and Pb exceeded the allowable standard in 20 %, 30 %, 10 %, and 40 % respectively of the water samples. CA group sample locations into three distinct clusters: C1 (A, B, E, G, F, and H), C2 (C, J, and I), and C3 (D). C1 has the highest anthropogenic influence followed by C2, while C3 has the least. WQI shows that C1 is in the extremely poor class (WQI>100), C2 is in the poor class (51
{"title":"Pollution status and pollution source identification in the groundwater of Yar-Dalla in Wudil, Kano, Nigeria","authors":"C. C. Onoyima, Nichodemus Emeka Onoyima","doi":"10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003034","url":null,"abstract":"The recent increase in population growth and industrialization has resulted in higher pollution loads in the environment including the groundwater, which is a vital freshwater resource. Water Quality Index (WQI) was used to assess the water quality of the study area, while multivariate statistical techniques, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA), were used to identify possible sources of the pollutants. The results of the descriptive statistics show that pH, Chloride, Alkalinity, Nitrate, and Cu are within the WHO standard for drinking water in all the water samples, while Cl-, Cd, Cr, and Pb exceeded the allowable standard in 20 %, 30 %, 10 %, and 40 % respectively of the water samples. CA group sample locations into three distinct clusters: C1 (A, B, E, G, F, and H), C2 (C, J, and I), and C3 (D). C1 has the highest anthropogenic influence followed by C2, while C3 has the least. WQI shows that C1 is in the extremely poor class (WQI>100), C2 is in the poor class (51<WQI<75), and C3 is in the good class (26<WQI<50). The PCA yielded 3 components which explained 72.98 % of the total variance in the data set. The first Component accounts for 38.85 %. Component 2 accounts for 19.76 % of the total variance while Component 3 accounts for 14.37 % of the total variance. The groundwater of the area is mainly impacted by anthropogenic factors such as agricultural activities, domestic waste, and vehicular/traffic input","PeriodicalId":11962,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Life Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88631122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-28DOI: 10.21303/2504-5695.2023.002957
Ayman Mustafa, Abdalla Elgenaidi, S. Elwahaishi, Salem Embiriekah
Background: The gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is yet another pregnancy complication for a pregnant woman, GDM happens when the body fails to produce enough insulin to regulate the sugar in blood. A healthy dietary regimen and eating behavior regarding GDM is a necessarily to ensure the health and development of pregnancy stages. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess nutrition patterns of gestation diabetes, also to correlate fasting blood glucose and HbA1c with anthropometric parameters, lifestyle and dietary pattern of maternal with GDM at Misurata. Materials and methods: Hospital-based cross section study was performed on 150 participants, whose selected randomly from Misurata Medical Centre (MMC). The data were collected thoroughly structured questionnaire and patient file. Result: The majority of participants (68 %) were fall with age group 20–35 years, greater of maternal at third trimester (55 %), maternal (22 %) had delivered babies with birth weight than 4 kg. Greater maternal (75 %) had family history with diabetes mellitus, whose diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (19 %) and obesity (72 %) obese. The results revealed that majority of participant (84 %) hadn’t therapeutic diet. Highest rates of participants (57 %, 83 %, 80 %) had consumed high glycemic, fast and fatty food. Majority of participants (78 %) had elevated fasting blood glucose (≥120 mg/dl). Greater participants (92 %) had elevated HbA1c (≥6.5 %). Highly significant correlation (P≤0.01) of HbA1c and FBS with multi-pregnancies, age, birth weight and multiparty. Whereas, a significant correlation (P≤0.05) between weight birth, age, multi-pregnancy and abortion. Conclusion: the nutrition risks factors associated GDM will threatening health pregnancy unless the maternal committed with therapeutic diet plan
{"title":"Dietary assessment and nutrition pattern of maternal with gestation diabetes at Misurata Medical Centre","authors":"Ayman Mustafa, Abdalla Elgenaidi, S. Elwahaishi, Salem Embiriekah","doi":"10.21303/2504-5695.2023.002957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2023.002957","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is yet another pregnancy complication for a pregnant woman, GDM happens when the body fails to produce enough insulin to regulate the sugar in blood. A healthy dietary regimen and eating behavior regarding GDM is a necessarily to ensure the health and development of pregnancy stages. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess nutrition patterns of gestation diabetes, also to correlate fasting blood glucose and HbA1c with anthropometric parameters, lifestyle and dietary pattern of maternal with GDM at Misurata. Materials and methods: Hospital-based cross section study was performed on 150 participants, whose selected randomly from Misurata Medical Centre (MMC). The data were collected thoroughly structured questionnaire and patient file. Result: The majority of participants (68 %) were fall with age group 20–35 years, greater of maternal at third trimester (55 %), maternal (22 %) had delivered babies with birth weight than 4 kg. Greater maternal (75 %) had family history with diabetes mellitus, whose diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (19 %) and obesity (72 %) obese. The results revealed that majority of participant (84 %) hadn’t therapeutic diet. Highest rates of participants (57 %, 83 %, 80 %) had consumed high glycemic, fast and fatty food. Majority of participants (78 %) had elevated fasting blood glucose (≥120 mg/dl). Greater participants (92 %) had elevated HbA1c (≥6.5 %). Highly significant correlation (P≤0.01) of HbA1c and FBS with multi-pregnancies, age, birth weight and multiparty. Whereas, a significant correlation (P≤0.05) between weight birth, age, multi-pregnancy and abortion. Conclusion: the nutrition risks factors associated GDM will threatening health pregnancy unless the maternal committed with therapeutic diet plan","PeriodicalId":11962,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Life Sciences","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74781769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-28DOI: 10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003031
A. Shevchenko, S. Litvynchuk, Olga Koval
Bakery products from wheat flour are low in protein and it is inferior and also absorbed at a low level. To solve this problem sources of complete proteins may be introduced into the formulation of bakery products. But animal proteins can be allergens. An alternative can be concentrates, hydrolysates and isolates of proteins of vegeTable origin, particularly, obtained from rice. Microbiological, biochemical and conformational changes in dough and bread from wheat flour were influenced by adding rice protein concentrate. Gas-forming capacity of the dough with rice protein concentrate decreased by 8.3–20.8 % compared to the control sample where there was increase of the dosage. Gas formation occurred less intensively in the dough with rice protein concentrate, because fermentation was delayed due to a decrease in the availability of nutrients. The first peak on the gas formation graph in case of the dough with the addition of 4–8 % rice protein concentrate was seen after 65 minutes, in the control sample it was after 60 minutes. When adding 16 % of the additive, the first peak of gas formation was not clearly defined. The second peak of gas formation for control sample was observed after 150 min and for samples with rice protein concentrate a bit later and it was not clearly defined. Infrared spectra showed that relative reflection coefficient of samples with rice protein concentrate was lower both for dough after kneading and after fermentation. The addition of 4 and 8 % rice protein concentrate did not affect the amount of formed sugars, and the addition of 16 % reduced this indicator by 1.6 %. The amount of fermented sugars decreased by 3.0–7.8 %. So, changes during the technological process of bread-making can be followed due to the obtained results for obtaining bread with high protein content
{"title":"The influence of rice protein concentrate on the technological process of wheat bread production","authors":"A. Shevchenko, S. Litvynchuk, Olga Koval","doi":"10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2023.003031","url":null,"abstract":"Bakery products from wheat flour are low in protein and it is inferior and also absorbed at a low level. To solve this problem sources of complete proteins may be introduced into the formulation of bakery products. But animal proteins can be allergens. An alternative can be concentrates, hydrolysates and isolates of proteins of vegeTable origin, particularly, obtained from rice. Microbiological, biochemical and conformational changes in dough and bread from wheat flour were influenced by adding rice protein concentrate. Gas-forming capacity of the dough with rice protein concentrate decreased by 8.3–20.8 % compared to the control sample where there was increase of the dosage. Gas formation occurred less intensively in the dough with rice protein concentrate, because fermentation was delayed due to a decrease in the availability of nutrients. The first peak on the gas formation graph in case of the dough with the addition of 4–8 % rice protein concentrate was seen after 65 minutes, in the control sample it was after 60 minutes. When adding 16 % of the additive, the first peak of gas formation was not clearly defined. The second peak of gas formation for control sample was observed after 150 min and for samples with rice protein concentrate a bit later and it was not clearly defined. Infrared spectra showed that relative reflection coefficient of samples with rice protein concentrate was lower both for dough after kneading and after fermentation. The addition of 4 and 8 % rice protein concentrate did not affect the amount of formed sugars, and the addition of 16 % reduced this indicator by 1.6 %. The amount of fermented sugars decreased by 3.0–7.8 %. So, changes during the technological process of bread-making can be followed due to the obtained results for obtaining bread with high protein content","PeriodicalId":11962,"journal":{"name":"EUREKA: Life Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85290661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：