This paper presents a combination of natural language toolkit (NLTK) in machine learning for sentiment analysis used for module evaluation. The module evaluation is typically done at the end of each module. Dataset of 300 students evaluating each module is conducted with excellent, very good, good, fair, and poor sentiments, delivers valuable perceptions into the overall teaching and lecturing quality and decision making for enlightening methodology of teaching and approaches. This paper demonstrates sentiment analysis model trained using logistic regression algorithm in Machine Learning to evaluate the sentiments given by students in their module evaluation. A study comparison has been done between the proposed model and other sentiment analysis for module evaluation. The results of experiments have been analyzed for decision-making.
{"title":"Students’ Sentiment Analysis Using Natural Language Toolkit in Machine Learning for Module Evaluation","authors":"Carine Umunyana, Gerard Tuyizere, Anaclet Mbarushimana","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This paper presents a combination of natural language toolkit (NLTK) in machine learning for sentiment analysis used for module evaluation. The module evaluation is typically done at the end of each module. Dataset of 300 students evaluating each module is conducted with excellent, very good, good, fair, and poor sentiments, delivers valuable perceptions into the overall teaching and lecturing quality and decision making for enlightening methodology of teaching and approaches. This paper demonstrates sentiment analysis model trained using logistic regression algorithm in Machine Learning to evaluate the sentiments given by students in their module evaluation. A study comparison has been done between the proposed model and other sentiment analysis for module evaluation. The results of experiments have been analyzed for decision-making.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140398608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-02DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3128
Sina Fazlifard, Seyed Sepehr Mostafayi, Taha Baghban Ronaghi
Multi-channel microfiltration (MF) membranes are considered as one of the most efficient separation methods for wastewater treatment, mainly due to their relatively high thermal and chemical resistance. Among various types of MF membranes, Ceramic Membranes attract great attention because of their high active area and superb mechanical strength, making them an industrially applicable pretreatment process for Reverse Osmosis (RO) unit operation. Here, a thorough 3-dimensional modeling of a 19-channel Ceramic Membrane was employed in order to gain insight into pressure drop, velocity distribution, and concentration profile in each channel. Experimental data from a lab-scale multi-channel Ceramic Membrane fed with oily wastewater was used to validate the model. The permeate flux was predicted as 200 to 250 L/m2.hr based on the porous media transmission pressure in such configurations. Further, permeate mass flux was also calculated based on the inlet flow velocities ranging from 0.75 to 2.25 m/s.
{"title":"3-Dimensional CFD Simulation of Pre-Wastewater Treatment via Multi-Channel Porous Ceramic Membrane","authors":"Sina Fazlifard, Seyed Sepehr Mostafayi, Taha Baghban Ronaghi","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3128","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Multi-channel microfiltration (MF) membranes are considered as one of the most efficient separation methods for wastewater treatment, mainly due to their relatively high thermal and chemical resistance. Among various types of MF membranes, Ceramic Membranes attract great attention because of their high active area and superb mechanical strength, making them an industrially applicable pretreatment process for Reverse Osmosis (RO) unit operation. Here, a thorough 3-dimensional modeling of a 19-channel Ceramic Membrane was employed in order to gain insight into pressure drop, velocity distribution, and concentration profile in each channel. Experimental data from a lab-scale multi-channel Ceramic Membrane fed with oily wastewater was used to validate the model. The permeate flux was predicted as 200 to 250 L/m2.hr based on the porous media transmission pressure in such configurations. Further, permeate mass flux was also calculated based on the inlet flow velocities ranging from 0.75 to 2.25 m/s.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140267787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-16DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3116
Mohammad Atiqur Rahman, Md Mesbah Uddin, Latiful Kabir
Void clustering effect is investigated by performing uniaxial tensile test on commercial 95% aluminum alloy XTral 728 by strategically placing an additional hole. Incorporating additional void induces strong stress and strain localization and reduces incipient coalescence strain approximately 17%. Also, two different cluster orientations with respect to applied loading and hole spacing ratios have been considered. The experimental revealed that material ductility is significantly decreased with increasing hole spacing ratios and for certain cluster orientation. To evaluate existing void coalescence models, numerical simulations are also performed and found that existing models overestimate the incipient coalescence strains for considered three-void cluster.
{"title":"Experimental Investigation of Void Coalescence in XTral-728 Plate Containing Three-Void Cluster","authors":"Mohammad Atiqur Rahman, Md Mesbah Uddin, Latiful Kabir","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3116","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Void clustering effect is investigated by performing uniaxial tensile test on commercial 95% aluminum alloy XTral 728 by strategically placing an additional hole. Incorporating additional void induces strong stress and strain localization and reduces incipient coalescence strain approximately 17%. Also, two different cluster orientations with respect to applied loading and hole spacing ratios have been considered. The experimental revealed that material ductility is significantly decreased with increasing hole spacing ratios and for certain cluster orientation. To evaluate existing void coalescence models, numerical simulations are also performed and found that existing models overestimate the incipient coalescence strains for considered three-void cluster.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"291 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140454221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This analysis studies Amazon Inc.’s information system design in detail using context, use cases, test cases, class, and sequence diagrams. Our research aims to improve business processes by better understanding the system’s interactions, functionality, and data structure. The representation of data structure and entity relationships in class diagrams provides insights into the system’s component organization. Sequence diagrams also provide a clear picture of the sequential interactions between system elements, showing potential bottlenecks and optimization opportunities. It provides unique insights into Amazon’s approaches to keeping a competitive edge in the e-commerce industry, and it may be used as a resource for firms looking to improve their own information systems and procedures.
{"title":"An Optimizing Business Process: A Comprehensive Analysis of Amazon Inc.’s Information Architecture","authors":"Mujiba Shaima, Estak Ahmed, Md Nasir Uddin Rana, Md Tanvir Islam","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3097","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This analysis studies Amazon Inc.’s information system design in detail using context, use cases, test cases, class, and sequence diagrams. Our research aims to improve business processes by better understanding the system’s interactions, functionality, and data structure. The representation of data structure and entity relationships in class diagrams provides insights into the system’s component organization. Sequence diagrams also provide a clear picture of the sequential interactions between system elements, showing potential bottlenecks and optimization opportunities. It provides unique insights into Amazon’s approaches to keeping a competitive edge in the e-commerce industry, and it may be used as a resource for firms looking to improve their own information systems and procedures.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"137 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140457095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-13DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3150
Euhid Aman, Hwang-Cheng Wang
Cultivating crops is vital for driving economies, and maintaining agricultural fields is crucial for sustaining food production. This initiative centers on addressing the issue of pest birds, specifically starlings, within vineyards. The proposed strategy employs sound signals to detect and distinguish starling birds within the vineyard environment. Through an analysis of audio inputs from the surroundings, the system can effectively recognize unique sound patterns associated with starling birds, utilizing deep learning techniques. Furthermore, this project incorporates ultrasonic sensors for distance estimation, enabling the calculation of the bird’s proximity from a fixed point within the vineyard. All of these detection and estimation processes are executed on a RP2040 microcontroller, specifically the Cortex-M0+ 133 MHz variant. Following the detection phase, an autonomous vehicle equipped with red diode lasers can be dispatched to the designated location to deter the pest birds and safeguard the vineyards from unwanted disruptions and crop losses.
{"title":"A Deep Learning-Based Embedded System for Pest Bird Sound Detection and Proximity Estimation","authors":"Euhid Aman, Hwang-Cheng Wang","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3150","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Cultivating crops is vital for driving economies, and maintaining agricultural fields is crucial for sustaining food production. This initiative centers on addressing the issue of pest birds, specifically starlings, within vineyards. The proposed strategy employs sound signals to detect and distinguish starling birds within the vineyard environment. Through an analysis of audio inputs from the surroundings, the system can effectively recognize unique sound patterns associated with starling birds, utilizing deep learning techniques. Furthermore, this project incorporates ultrasonic sensors for distance estimation, enabling the calculation of the bird’s proximity from a fixed point within the vineyard. All of these detection and estimation processes are executed on a RP2040 microcontroller, specifically the Cortex-M0+ 133 MHz variant. Following the detection phase, an autonomous vehicle equipped with red diode lasers can be dispatched to the designated location to deter the pest birds and safeguard the vineyards from unwanted disruptions and crop losses.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"36 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140457209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-13DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3145
Chamila Jayanuwan Liyanage, Mohammad Tariq Iqbal
Buildings play a substantial role in global energy consumption, constituting a considerable share of the overall energy use. In Canada, they contribute to around 25% of the total final energy consumption. Notably, space heating emerges as the primary energy consumer, accounting for approximately 57% of energy utilization in institutional and commercial buildings. This paper presents a feasibility analysis of converting the space heating system of the Core Science Facility (CSF) building of Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN). Analysis is done using RETScreen Clean Energy Management Software, known as RETScreen Expert, a software package developed by the Government of Canada, and the thermal modeling of the building using Energy3D, developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The feasibility study indicates that significant savings can be achieved if space heating is switched to electric resistive heating. The results indicate a 24.2% savings in annual energy costs, with a simple payback period of 10.5 years. The simulation results from Energy3D are compared with the measured building energy consumption data provided by the MUN Facilities Management Department. The thermal model indicates less energy consumption than the actual measured values, which is a result of transmission losses, the interconnection between the CSF building and the University Center, building occupancy, the ventilation system, and degradation of equipment that are not considered in the model.
{"title":"Thermal Modeling and Electric Space Heating of a University Building in Newfoundland","authors":"Chamila Jayanuwan Liyanage, Mohammad Tariq Iqbal","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3145","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Buildings play a substantial role in global energy consumption, constituting a considerable share of the overall energy use. In Canada, they contribute to around 25% of the total final energy consumption. Notably, space heating emerges as the primary energy consumer, accounting for approximately 57% of energy utilization in institutional and commercial buildings. This paper presents a feasibility analysis of converting the space heating system of the Core Science Facility (CSF) building of Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN). Analysis is done using RETScreen Clean Energy Management Software, known as RETScreen Expert, a software package developed by the Government of Canada, and the thermal modeling of the building using Energy3D, developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The feasibility study indicates that significant savings can be achieved if space heating is switched to electric resistive heating. The results indicate a 24.2% savings in annual energy costs, with a simple payback period of 10.5 years. The simulation results from Energy3D are compared with the measured building energy consumption data provided by the MUN Facilities Management Department. The thermal model indicates less energy consumption than the actual measured values, which is a result of transmission losses, the interconnection between the CSF building and the University Center, building occupancy, the ventilation system, and degradation of equipment that are not considered in the model.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139964441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3123
Brenda Paola Baltazar-García, Daniel Francisco Baltazar-Zamora, G. Santiago-Hurtado, Victor M. Moreno-Landeros, David Lozano, Laura Landa-Ruiz, Shivani Shukla, M. Baltazar-Zamora
This project, in the area of reinforced concrete corrosion, evaluated the potential of half-cell AISI 1018 CS (Carbon Steel) and GS Steel (Steel with galvanized coating); 15 cm long bars were used as reinforcement in specimens of concrete buried in a Type SP Sand (contaminated with 0% and 3% MgSO4). The experimental arrangement of this research represents the case of the elements of the foundations of concrete structures that are planted near marine areas where this type of soil exists with the presence of high contents of depassivating ions such as sulfates. The study specimens were made with two concrete mixtures with a water/cement ratio 0.45 but with different types of cement (Portland Cement and Sulfate Resistant Cement). For monitoring the half-cell potential according to ASTM C 876-15, the specimens were buried in the clean SP soil and in the same soil but contaminated with MgSO4. After more than 270 days of exposure to uncontaminated SP sand contaminated with MgSO4, the behavior of the half-cell potentials or corrosion potentials show that the specimen made with the sulfate-resistant cement and reinforced with GS Steel (Steel with galvanized coating) presents the highest resistance to corrosion by MgSO4 at a concentration of 3%.
{"title":"Behavior of Potential of Half-Cell AISI 1018 and GS in Concrete Buried in Sand in the Presence of MgSO4","authors":"Brenda Paola Baltazar-García, Daniel Francisco Baltazar-Zamora, G. Santiago-Hurtado, Victor M. Moreno-Landeros, David Lozano, Laura Landa-Ruiz, Shivani Shukla, M. Baltazar-Zamora","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3123","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This project, in the area of reinforced concrete corrosion, evaluated the potential of half-cell AISI 1018 CS (Carbon Steel) and GS Steel (Steel with galvanized coating); 15 cm long bars were used as reinforcement in specimens of concrete buried in a Type SP Sand (contaminated with 0% and 3% MgSO4). The experimental arrangement of this research represents the case of the elements of the foundations of concrete structures that are planted near marine areas where this type of soil exists with the presence of high contents of depassivating ions such as sulfates. The study specimens were made with two concrete mixtures with a water/cement ratio 0.45 but with different types of cement (Portland Cement and Sulfate Resistant Cement). For monitoring the half-cell potential according to ASTM C 876-15, the specimens were buried in the clean SP soil and in the same soil but contaminated with MgSO4. After more than 270 days of exposure to uncontaminated SP sand contaminated with MgSO4, the behavior of the half-cell potentials or corrosion potentials show that the specimen made with the sulfate-resistant cement and reinforced with GS Steel (Steel with galvanized coating) presents the highest resistance to corrosion by MgSO4 at a concentration of 3%.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"407 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139847990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3123
Brenda Paola Baltazar-García, Daniel Francisco Baltazar-Zamora, G. Santiago-Hurtado, Victor M. Moreno-Landeros, David Lozano, Laura Landa-Ruiz, Shivani Shukla, M. Baltazar-Zamora
This project, in the area of reinforced concrete corrosion, evaluated the potential of half-cell AISI 1018 CS (Carbon Steel) and GS Steel (Steel with galvanized coating); 15 cm long bars were used as reinforcement in specimens of concrete buried in a Type SP Sand (contaminated with 0% and 3% MgSO4). The experimental arrangement of this research represents the case of the elements of the foundations of concrete structures that are planted near marine areas where this type of soil exists with the presence of high contents of depassivating ions such as sulfates. The study specimens were made with two concrete mixtures with a water/cement ratio 0.45 but with different types of cement (Portland Cement and Sulfate Resistant Cement). For monitoring the half-cell potential according to ASTM C 876-15, the specimens were buried in the clean SP soil and in the same soil but contaminated with MgSO4. After more than 270 days of exposure to uncontaminated SP sand contaminated with MgSO4, the behavior of the half-cell potentials or corrosion potentials show that the specimen made with the sulfate-resistant cement and reinforced with GS Steel (Steel with galvanized coating) presents the highest resistance to corrosion by MgSO4 at a concentration of 3%.
{"title":"Behavior of Potential of Half-Cell AISI 1018 and GS in Concrete Buried in Sand in the Presence of MgSO4","authors":"Brenda Paola Baltazar-García, Daniel Francisco Baltazar-Zamora, G. Santiago-Hurtado, Victor M. Moreno-Landeros, David Lozano, Laura Landa-Ruiz, Shivani Shukla, M. Baltazar-Zamora","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3123","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This project, in the area of reinforced concrete corrosion, evaluated the potential of half-cell AISI 1018 CS (Carbon Steel) and GS Steel (Steel with galvanized coating); 15 cm long bars were used as reinforcement in specimens of concrete buried in a Type SP Sand (contaminated with 0% and 3% MgSO4). The experimental arrangement of this research represents the case of the elements of the foundations of concrete structures that are planted near marine areas where this type of soil exists with the presence of high contents of depassivating ions such as sulfates. The study specimens were made with two concrete mixtures with a water/cement ratio 0.45 but with different types of cement (Portland Cement and Sulfate Resistant Cement). For monitoring the half-cell potential according to ASTM C 876-15, the specimens were buried in the clean SP soil and in the same soil but contaminated with MgSO4. After more than 270 days of exposure to uncontaminated SP sand contaminated with MgSO4, the behavior of the half-cell potentials or corrosion potentials show that the specimen made with the sulfate-resistant cement and reinforced with GS Steel (Steel with galvanized coating) presents the highest resistance to corrosion by MgSO4 at a concentration of 3%.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139788050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-18DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3102
Tobechukwu Chidozie Obiefuna, B. Omijeh
A signal-free area in a wireless network is called a coverage hole (CH). The signal at this location is either nonexistent or too weak to be detected or monitored. There may sometimes be coverage gaps or places with poor radio frequency (RF) performance due to wireless infrastructure components’ inability to adapt to changing RF dynamics and offer adequate coverage of the locations. Finding coverage gaps and RF problem spots needs a client-side approach rather than the traditional infrastructure-driven solution because of the importance of network intuition. This article’s goal is to locate coverage gaps or weak signal places in a variety of scenarios, including 5G KPIs and QoS parameters (QCI, or quality of service class identifier). The primary objective is to apply classification techniques to determine which use cases or network slices are impacted by the decreased signal strength. Training and test datasets for supervised machine learning techniques are pre-collected measured report data from a live 5G network monitoring counter and data system. Since most KPIs are numerical data, the study uses the classification methods ANN, RF, NB, and LR. This is not at all like the traditional methods—such as driving tests, etc.—for gathering data for coverage-hole detection. Orange Canvas and Microsoft Excel are two instances of data mining technologies that are used for both detection and prediction.
无线网络中的无信号区域称为覆盖孔（CH）。该位置的信号要么不存在，要么太弱，无法检测或监控。有时，由于无线基础设施组件无法适应不断变化的射频动态并提供足够的位置覆盖，可能会出现覆盖空白或射频（RF）性能较差的地方。由于网络直觉的重要性，寻找覆盖空白和射频问题点需要客户端方法，而不是传统的基础设施驱动解决方案。本文的目标是定位各种场景中的覆盖缺口或弱信号点，包括 5G KPI 和 QoS 参数（QCI，即服务质量等级标识符）。主要目的是应用分类技术来确定哪些用例或网络片段会受到信号强度下降的影响。用于监督机器学习技术的训练和测试数据集是从实时 5G 网络监测计数器和数据系统中预先收集的测量报告数据。由于大多数关键绩效指标都是数值数据，因此本研究采用了 ANN、RF、NB 和 LR 等分类方法。这与传统的覆盖漏洞检测数据收集方法（如驾驶测试等）完全不同。Orange Canvas 和 Microsoft Excel 是同时用于检测和预测的数据挖掘技术的两个实例。
{"title":"5G Network Coverage Hole Prediction and Detection Using Machine Learning","authors":"Tobechukwu Chidozie Obiefuna, B. Omijeh","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3102","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A signal-free area in a wireless network is called a coverage hole (CH). The signal at this location is either nonexistent or too weak to be detected or monitored. There may sometimes be coverage gaps or places with poor radio frequency (RF) performance due to wireless infrastructure components’ inability to adapt to changing RF dynamics and offer adequate coverage of the locations. Finding coverage gaps and RF problem spots needs a client-side approach rather than the traditional infrastructure-driven solution because of the importance of network intuition. This article’s goal is to locate coverage gaps or weak signal places in a variety of scenarios, including 5G KPIs and QoS parameters (QCI, or quality of service class identifier). The primary objective is to apply classification techniques to determine which use cases or network slices are impacted by the decreased signal strength. Training and test datasets for supervised machine learning techniques are pre-collected measured report data from a live 5G network monitoring counter and data system. Since most KPIs are numerical data, the study uses the classification methods ANN, RF, NB, and LR. This is not at all like the traditional methods—such as driving tests, etc.—for gathering data for coverage-hole detection. Orange Canvas and Microsoft Excel are two instances of data mining technologies that are used for both detection and prediction.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140503807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-18DOI: 10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3118
Md. Bappi Pramanik, Md. Abdullah Al Rakib, Md. Abubakor Siddik, Shorab Bhuiyan
The doping process is very important in semiconductor technology that is widely used in the production of electronic devices. The effects of doping on the resistivity, mobility and energy band gap of semiconductors are significant and can greatly impact the performance of electronic devices. This thesis aims to investigate the impact of doping on the resistivity, mobility, energy band gap, impact of ionization coefficient, and light absorption coefficient of semiconductors. The study involves an in-depth analysis of the electronic properties of doped semiconductors and their behavior in various conditions. This thesis will provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of doping on the electronic properties of semiconductors. The energy band gap, impact of ionization coefficient, and Light absorption coefficient were observed in this thesis. In the experimental result, the relation between energy band gap and atomic density, light absorption coefficient and atomic density, impact ionization and atomic density, impact ionization coefficient and Light absorption coefficient, resistivity and mobility has been found.
{"title":"Doping Effects and Relationship between Energy Band Gaps, Impact of Ionization Coefficient and Light Absorption Coefficient in Semiconductors","authors":"Md. Bappi Pramanik, Md. Abdullah Al Rakib, Md. Abubakor Siddik, Shorab Bhuiyan","doi":"10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.1.3118","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The doping process is very important in semiconductor technology that is widely used in the production of electronic devices. The effects of doping on the resistivity, mobility and energy band gap of semiconductors are significant and can greatly impact the performance of electronic devices. This thesis aims to investigate the impact of doping on the resistivity, mobility, energy band gap, impact of ionization coefficient, and light absorption coefficient of semiconductors. The study involves an in-depth analysis of the electronic properties of doped semiconductors and their behavior in various conditions. This thesis will provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of doping on the electronic properties of semiconductors. The energy band gap, impact of ionization coefficient, and Light absorption coefficient were observed in this thesis. In the experimental result, the relation between energy band gap and atomic density, light absorption coefficient and atomic density, impact ionization and atomic density, impact ionization coefficient and Light absorption coefficient, resistivity and mobility has been found.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":12001,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140503668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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