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Patient Safety Domains in Primary Healthcare: A Systematic Review. 初级医疗保健中的患者安全领域:系统回顾。
IF 1.5 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v34i1.9
Hadi Kalantari, Pouran Raeissi, Aydin Aryankhesal, Seyyed Masoud Hashemi, Nahid Reisi

Background: Healthcare systems should ensure the provision of quality services to patients without harming them. However, the provision of services is occasionally accompanied by harm or complications, most of which are preventable. Most studies have focused on secondary healthcare rather than primary healthcare (PHC). Thus, this study aimed to identify various dimensions and components of patient safety in PHC worldwide.

Methods: This systematic review study was conducted in November 2022 based on PRISMA reporting guidelines. Studies were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and EMBASE and searched for English documents using the keywords "patient safety" and "PHC" from 2000 to 2022. Finally, two reviewers extracted the data independently and analyzed using thematic content analysis.

Results: Overall, 23 out of the initially 4937 identified articles were selected for the final analysis based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most of these studies used a qualitative-quantitative approach (61.9%, seven studies for both), and 64% had been conducted in European countries. Eventually, five dimensions and 22 components were identified for patient safety in PHC, including management measures, quality management, resources and technology, documents, and patient-related factors.

Conclusion: The patient safety dimensions and components identified in this research can help develop a clear definition of patient safety and its assessment standards and criteria in PHC. Considering that most previous studies on patient safety in PHC were conducted in European and developed countries, it is suggested that researchers conduct more studies in developing countries to fill this research gap.

背景:医疗系统应确保在不伤害病人的情况下为病人提供优质服务。然而,在提供服务的过程中,偶尔也会出现伤害或并发症,其中大部分是可以预防的。大多数研究侧重于二级医疗保健而非初级医疗保健(PHC)。因此,本研究旨在确定全球初级医疗保健中患者安全的各个层面和组成部分:本系统综述研究于 2022 年 11 月根据 PRISMA 报告指南进行。研究从 PubMed、Scopus、Cochrane Library、Web of Science 和 EMBASE 中检索,并使用关键词 "患者安全 "和 "初级保健 "检索 2000 年至 2022 年的英文文献。最后,两名审稿人独立提取数据,并采用专题内容分析法进行分析:根据纳入和排除标准,在最初确定的 4937 篇文章中,有 23 篇被选中进行最终分析。这些研究大多采用定性和定量相结合的方法(61.9%,7 项研究同时采用定性和定量相结合的方法),64%的研究在欧洲国家进行。最终,确定了初级保健中患者安全的五个方面和 22 个组成部分,包括管理措施、质量管理、资源和技术、文件以及与患者相关的因素:本研究中确定的患者安全维度和组成部分有助于为初级保健中的患者安全及其评估标准和准则制定明确的定义。考虑到以往有关初级保健中患者安全的研究大多在欧洲和发达国家进行,建议研究人员在发展中国家开展更多研究,以填补这一研究空白。
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引用次数: 0
Radical Cure of Plasmodium Vivax Malaria: How can we Improve 8-Aminoquinoline Implementation? 根治间日疟原虫疟疾:如何改进 8-氨基喹啉的应用?
IF 1.5 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v34i1.1
Daniel Yilma
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引用次数: 0
The Association between Intrahousehold Food Allocation Social Norms and Thinness among Young Adolescent Girls: A Community-Based Study. 家庭内部食物分配社会规范与青春期少女偏瘦之间的关系:一项基于社区的研究
IF 1.2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i6.4
Hanna Gulema, Meaza Demissie, Alemayehu Worku, Tesfaye Assebe Yadeta, Nebiyou Fasil, Yemane Berhane

Background: Inequalities in food allocation related to social norms among household members significantly affect the nutritional status and well-being of the vulnerable members of the household, such as adolescent girls. This study assesses the association between social norms related to intrahousehold food allocation and young adolescent girls' thinness.

Materials and methods: The study involved 1,083 pairs of mothers/caregivers and young adolescent girls. Data were collected using a structured and pretested questionnaire. Multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression analysis was employed to examine associations using STATA/SE V.14 statistical software. In addition, a stratified analysis was done to investigate the effect of social norms on thinness in food-secure and food-insecure households.

Result: The overall prevalence of young adolescent girls' thinness was 15.70% (95% CI 13.52-17.86%). Young adolescent girls' thinness was associated with mothers'/caregivers' conformity to inequitable intrahousehold food allocation social norms in food-secure households [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.43, 95% CI: 1.14-1.80] but not in food-insecure households.

Conclusion: Nearly 16% of adolescent girls were thin. Mothers/female caregivers conforming to inequitable intrahousehold food allocation social norms compromise the nutritional status of adolescent girls, particularly in food-secure households. The lack of statistically significant association in food-insecure households hints at the need to address inequality in food-secure households while addressing food shortage to improve the nutritional status of adolescents in low-income countries. We also recommend more studies in different sociocultural contexts to fully gather the evidence for adopting appropriate policies and practices.

背景:与家庭成员间社会规范有关的食物分配不平等会严重影响弱势家庭成员(如少女)的营养状况和福利。本研究评估了与家庭内部食物分配相关的社会规范与少女瘦弱之间的关系:研究涉及 1,083 对母亲/照顾者和少女。数据收集采用结构化的预试问卷。使用 STATA/SE V.14 统计软件进行多层次混合效应逻辑回归分析,以研究两者之间的关联。此外,还进行了分层分析,以调查社会规范对粮食有保障家庭和粮食无保障家庭的瘦弱程度的影响:结果:少女消瘦的总体流行率为 15.70%(95% CI 13.52-17.86%)。在食物安全的家庭中,少女瘦弱与母亲/照顾者遵守不公平的家庭内部食物分配社会规范有关[调整后的几率比(AOR):1.43,95% CI:1.14-1.80],但在食物不安全的家庭中,少女瘦弱与母亲/照顾者遵守不公平的家庭内部食物分配社会规范无关:结论:近 16% 的少女身材消瘦。母亲/女性照顾者遵守不公平的家庭内部食物分配社会规范会影响少女的营养状况,尤其是在食物无保障的家庭中。在粮食不安全的家庭中缺乏统计学意义上的相关性,这表明在解决粮食短缺问题的同时,有必要解决粮食安全家庭中的不平等问题,以改善低收入国家青少年的营养状况。我们还建议在不同的社会文化背景下开展更多的研究,以充分收集证据,采取适当的政策和做法。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of Aerobic, Resistance, and Combined Training for Hypertensive Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 有氧、阻力和联合训练对高血压患者的效果:随机对照试验
IF 1.5 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i6.17
Addis Alemayehu, Getu Teferi

Background: Physical exercise is a well-established method for managing blood pressure (BP). The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of aerobic, resistance, and a combination of both aerobic plus resistance training on BP, body composition (BC), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) among hypertensive patients.

Methods: The total population was sixty hypertensive patients; of these, forty-eight male adults (45.28 ± 7.44, years); with a sedentary lifestyle were randomized to one of the three exercise interventions or a control group. Subjects in all three exercise groups had an equal total exercise time (60 minutes), which included 10-15 minutes of warming up and dynamic stretching, 10-15 minutes of cooling down and static stretching and 30- 40 minutes for the main workout. Data were presented as mean (standard deviation, SD) or mean change with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results: All three-intervention trainings showed improvement in BP, CRF, and BC. However, the most effective intervention training was combined training. Combined training resulted in significant reductions in body composition, resting heart rate (RHR) and, BP: body weight -7.92 kg, BML -5.96 kg/m2, SBP -17.75mmHg, DBP -12.5 mmHg, RHR -8.17 bpm, and percent body fat (%BF) -6.49%. The aerobic training group only increased VO2max 12.44 ml/kg/m.

Conclusion: Compared to aerobic or resistance training alone, a 12-week of combination exercise may offer more comprehensive advantages for those at a higher risk for hypertension.

背景:体育锻炼是一种行之有效的控制血压(BP)的方法。本研究的目的是比较有氧训练、阻力训练和有氧加阻力训练对高血压患者的血压、身体成分(BC)和心肺功能(CRF)的影响:研究对象为六十名高血压患者,其中四十八名男性成年人(45.28 ± 7.44 岁)久坐不动,他们被随机分为三个运动干预组或对照组。三组受试者的总锻炼时间(60 分钟)相同,其中包括 10-15 分钟的热身和动态拉伸,10-15 分钟的冷却和静态拉伸,以及 30-40 分钟的主要锻炼。数据以平均值(标准差,SD)或平均变化率(95% 置信区间,CI)表示:结果:所有三种干预训练都改善了血压、心率和脉搏。然而,最有效的干预训练是综合训练。综合训练显著降低了身体成分、静息心率(RHR)和血压:体重-7.92 千克,BML-5.96 千克/平方米,SBP-17.75 毫米汞柱,DBP-12.5 毫米汞柱,RHR-8.17 bpm,体脂百分比(%BF)-6.49%。有氧训练组仅提高了 12.44 ml/kg/m.:结论:与单独的有氧训练或阻力训练相比,为期 12 周的综合运动可为高血压高危人群提供更全面的优势。
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引用次数: 0
Development of a Hospital-Stakeholder Collaboration Tool Using Mixed Methods to Assess Stakeholder Perspectives for Hospital Service Improvement. 使用混合方法开发医院与利益相关者合作工具,以评估利益相关者对改善医院服务的看法。
IF 1.2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i6.18
Purwaningsih Purwaningsih, Nasronudin Nasronudin, Nyoman Anita Damayanti, Mahmudah Mahmudah, Sri Andarini, Bagus Qomarudin, Djazuly Chalidyanto, Slamet Riyadi Yuwono, Aby Nugrah Septanto, Hakim Zulkarnain

Background: The purpose of this study was to develop the Hospital-Stakeholder Collaboration (HSC) Tool and Hospital Performance Factor (HPF) Tool to explore stakeholder perception and value for hospital service improvement.

Methods: This exploratory mixed-method study involved three steps: initial tool development (Step 1), validity testing (Step 2), and module development (Step 3). In Step 1, qualitative data collection through literature reviews, focus group discussions, and interviews with hospital management experts led to the creation of the preliminary tools. Step 2 involved qualitative analysis by α 5-member expert panel, followed by quantitative analysis with 36 respondents for validity (Pearson correlation, α = 0.05) and reliability (Cronbach's Alpha, α = 0.6) tests. Step 3 encompassed the final module development.

Results: The HSC tool contains 6 domains and the HPF tool contains 4 perspectives. The 6 HSC domains were: 1) stakeholder identification, 2) interactive dialogue, 3) commitment, 4) planning, 5) implementation, 6) change in action and behavior. The 4 HPF perspectives were: 1) stakeholder perspective, 2) financial perspective, 3) internal business process, and 4) staff and organizational capacity. The values of the HSC tool validity and reliability tests were around 0,0046 and around 0,995, respectively. Additionally, the values of the HPF tool validity and reliability tests were around 0,0062 and around 0,995, respectively.

Conclusion: This study offers a practical tool for needs assessment for the improvement of service by analyzing direct feedback from hospital stakeholders and measuring hospital performance factors.

背景:本研究的目的是开发医院-利益相关者合作(HSC)工具和医院绩效因素(HPF)工具:本研究的目的是开发医院利益相关者合作(HSC)工具和医院绩效因素(HPF)工具,以探讨利益相关者对医院服务改进的看法和价值:这项探索性混合方法研究包括三个步骤:初始工具开发(步骤 1)、有效性测试(步骤 2)和模块开发(步骤 3)。在步骤 1 中,通过文献综述、焦点小组讨论和与医院管理专家的访谈收集定性数据,从而开发出初步工具。第 2 步是由α 5 人专家小组进行定性分析,然后对 36 名受访者进行定量分析,以检验有效性(Pearson 相关性,α = 0.05)和可靠性(Cronbach's Alpha,α = 0.6)。步骤 3 包括最后的模块开发:结果:HSC 工具包含 6 个领域,HPF 工具包含 4 个视角。6 个 HSC 领域是1) 利益相关者识别,2) 互动对话,3) 承诺,4) 规划,5) 实施,6) 行动和行为改变。4 个 HPF 视角是1) 利益相关者视角,2) 财务视角,3) 内部业务流程,4) 员工和组织能力。HSC 工具的有效性和可靠性测试值分别为 0,0046 和 0,995 左右。此外,HPF 工具的有效性和可靠性测试值分别为 0,0062 和 0,995 左右:本研究通过分析医院利益相关者的直接反馈和测量医院绩效因素,为改善服务的需求评估提供了一个实用工具。
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引用次数: 0
Hematologic Derangements among Children with Unoperated Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease in Ethiopia. 埃塞俄比亚未做手术的青紫型先天性心脏病患儿的血液学异常。
IF 1.2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i6.5
Selamawit Alemseged, Endale Tefera

Background: Surgical treatment has transformed the course and outcome of congenital heart defects in high-income countries, but children with congenital heart diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, where access to cardiac surgery is limited, often experience the natural course of untreated lesions and their complications. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of hematologic derangements among Ethiopian children with unoperated cyanoticcongenital heart diseases, to identify factors associated with coagulopathy in this population, and to describe how these complications are managed in this setting.

Methods: In this single-center cross-sectional study, we prospectively collected clinical and demographic data from children (<18 years) with cyanotic congenital heart diseases. Blood samples were collected to measure hematologic parameters. Polycythemia was defined as hematocrit >50% and thrombocytopenia as <150,000 per microliter.

Results: Among 70 children recruited, the overall prevalence of polycythemia and thrombocytopenia was 63% (n=44) and 26% (n=18), respectively. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, hematocrit ≥65% (p-value=.024), and oxygen saturation <85% (p-value=.018) were independently associated with moderate or severe thrombocytopenia. Thirty-one (44%) patients had undergone therapeutic phlebotomy, and 84% (26/31) of these patients received iron supplementation.

Conclusion: We report a high prevalence of polycythemia and thrombocytopenia in Ethiopian children with untreated cyanotic congenital heart diseases. There was variable implementation of iron supplementation and therapeutic phlebotomy, highlighting the need to optimize supportive management strategies in this population to mitigate the risk of life-threatening complications.

背景:在高收入国家,手术治疗改变了先天性心脏缺陷的病程和结果,但在撒哈拉以南非洲地区,由于心脏手术机会有限,患有先天性心脏病的儿童往往会经历未经治疗的自然病程及其并发症。本研究的目的是确定埃塞俄比亚未接受手术的紫绀型先天性心脏病患儿中血液学紊乱的发生率,找出与该人群凝血功能障碍相关的因素,并描述在这种情况下如何处理这些并发症:在这项单中心横断面研究中,我们前瞻性地收集了患儿的临床和人口统计学数据(50%的患儿和血小板减少症患儿的临床和人口统计学数据):在招募的 70 名儿童中,多血细胞症和血小板减少症的总发病率分别为 63%(44 人)和 26%(18 人)。在多变量逻辑回归分析中,血细胞比容≥65%(p-value=0.024)和血氧饱和度结论:我们报告了埃塞俄比亚先天性紫绀型心脏病患儿中多血质和血小板减少症的高发病率。铁补充剂和治疗性抽血术的实施情况各不相同,这凸显了对这一人群优化支持性管理策略以降低危及生命的并发症风险的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Safe Drinking Water, Sanitation and Mother's Hygiene Practice as Stunting Risk Factors: A Case Control Study in a Rural Area of Ciawi Sub-district, Tasikmalaya District, West Java, Indonesia. 作为发育迟缓风险因素的安全饮用水、卫生设施和母亲的卫生习惯:印度尼西亚西爪哇塔西克马拉亚县 Ciawi 分区农村地区的病例对照研究。
IF 1.2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i6.3
Siti Novianti, Emy Huriyati, Retna Siwi Padmawati

Background: Stunting is associated with disorders of the small intestines caused by environmental factors and poor hygiene practices. Prevention of stunting should be conducted in the first 1,000 days of life; namely, from conception until the child is two years old. This research aimed to analyze the relationship between environmental risk factors and maternal personal hygiene with the incidence of stunting in children aged 6-23 months.

Methods: This study was conducted using a case-control design, with a total sample of 212 (106 cases and 106 controls) enrolled purposively. Data were collected through interviews using a questionnaire. The analysis used chisquare tests and multiple logistic regression.

Results: The results of multivariate analysis showed the independent variables that have a significant association on the incidence of stunting are access to safe drinking water and maternal hygiene practices. The external variables that have a significant relationship is birth length and feeding practice.

Conclusion: Having no access to safe drinking water, not proper sanitation, and poor maternal hygiene practices have a higher risk of stunting in children aged 6-23 months. The implications of this research include the need for increased access to a safe environment and improvement of mother's behavior as essential efforts to prevent stunting.

背景:发育迟缓与环境因素和不良卫生习惯导致的小肠功能紊乱有关。发育迟缓的预防应从生命的最初 1000 天开始,即从受孕到孩子两岁。本研究旨在分析环境风险因素和产妇个人卫生与 6-23 个月儿童发育迟缓发生率之间的关系:本研究采用病例对照设计,有目的性地招募了 212 个样本(106 个病例和 106 个对照)。数据通过问卷访谈收集。分析采用了奇平方检验和多元逻辑回归:多元分析结果显示,与发育迟缓发生率有显著关系的自变量是获得安全饮用水和产妇卫生习惯。结论:无法获得安全饮用水、母亲卫生习惯和出生时长是造成发育迟缓的主要原因:结论:无法获得安全饮用水、没有适当的卫生设施和不良的产妇卫生习惯会增加 6-23 个月儿童发育迟缓的风险。这项研究的意义包括:需要增加获得安全环境的机会,改善母亲的行为,这些都是预防发育迟缓的重要工作。
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引用次数: 0
Demographic Pattern and Clinical Characteristics of Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis in a Tertiary Centre of a Developing Country: A Review of 280 Cases. 发展中国家三级医疗中心血液透析患者的人口统计学模式和临床特征:280例病例回顾
IF 1.2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i6.10
T A Bamikefa, P K Uduagbamen, M A Adelaja, O Ala

Background: Globally, renal replacement therapy especially haemodialysis remains pivotal in the effective care of patients with kidney diseases since its acceptance as a treatment modality. Despite being widely embraced as a therapeutic option, several factors still hamper its utilization. A clinical audit of this modality option will allow elucidation of haemodialysis practises and peculiarities.

Methods: The charts and records of 280 patients with renal impairments dialyzed between March 1st 2019 and February 28th 2023 were evaluated in retrospect. Data on retrieved demographic and clinical information were analyzed using SPSS 25 and patients' short-term survival was determined using the Kaplan Meier survival analysis and log rank test.

Results: Out of the 280 patients who had 1716 dialysis sessions, 184 (65.7%) were males. The mean age was 47.9 ± 17.5 years. The majority (80.7%) of the patients had chronic kidney disease (CKD), as 90.2% of the dialysis sessions were for CKD. There was a male preponderance (69.1%) in the population. Hypertension was the commonest cause of CKD (41.2%) while sepsis was the commonest cause of acute kidney injury (50%). The median number of dialysis session was 4.0. The mean pre-dialysis hematocrit was 24.4 ± 7.1% and the mean single pool Kt/V was 0.9 ± 0.02. The femoral vein was the most used vascular access (95.4%). The short-term survival was positively related to the dialysis frequency on Kaplan-Meier analysis.

Conclusion: Haemodialytic therapy in patients with renal disease is still of huge impact on survival despite the numerous factors affecting its effective delivery, especially in low-income nations.

背景:在全球范围内,自肾脏替代疗法(尤其是血液透析)被接受为一种治疗方式以来,它在有效治疗肾病患者方面一直发挥着关键作用。尽管血液透析作为一种治疗方法已被广泛接受,但仍有一些因素阻碍了它的使用。对这种治疗方式进行临床审计将有助于阐明血液透析的做法和特殊性:方法:对 2019 年 3 月 1 日至 2023 年 2 月 28 日期间透析的 280 名肾功能受损患者的病历和记录进行了回顾性评估。使用 SPSS 25 对检索到的人口统计学和临床信息数据进行分析,并使用 Kaplan Meier 生存分析和对数秩检验确定患者的短期生存率:在进行了 1716 次透析的 280 名患者中,184 名(65.7%)为男性。平均年龄为 47.9 ± 17.5 岁。大多数患者(80.7%)患有慢性肾脏病(CKD),90.2%的透析疗程用于治疗慢性肾脏病。男性患者占多数(69.1%)。高血压是导致慢性肾脏病的最常见原因(41.2%),而败血症是导致急性肾损伤的最常见原因(50%)。透析次数的中位数为 4.0 次。透析前平均血细胞比容为 24.4 ± 7.1%,单池 Kt/V 平均值为 0.9 ± 0.02。股静脉是最常用的血管通路(95.4%)。根据 Kaplan-Meier 分析,短期生存率与透析频率呈正相关:结论:肾病患者的血液透析治疗对存活率仍有巨大影响,尽管影响其有效实施的因素很多,尤其是在低收入国家。
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引用次数: 0
Magnitude and Associated Factors of Suicidal Ideation and Attempts among High School Adolescents of Jimma Town, Ethiopia. 埃塞俄比亚吉马镇高中青少年自杀意念和企图的严重程度及相关因素。
IF 1.2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i6.14
Hayat Mohamed Aliy, Habtamu Abebe Getahun, Lelisa Sena Dadi

Background: Studies show that suicidal ideation and attempt are major predictors of suicide. Flourishing technologies such cyber bullying, increased local and global events, like pandemics, wars, and effects of climate change exacerbate vulnerability of adolescents to mental health problems. Thus, timely epidemiological information is important for evidence-based practices. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and associated factors of suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt among school adolescents.

Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2022 on randomly selected 1144 school adolescents using multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Then, data were cleaned, entered into Epi-data V.3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Multivariable logistic regression was done to identify predictors of suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt among adolescents. Adjusted odds ratio and confidence interval (CI) were respectively used to measure statistical associations and their statistical significance.

Results: The prevalence of lifetime suicidal ideation and attempt were 22.5%, and 13.3%, respectively, while 12-month suicidal ideation and attempt were found to be 14.6% and 10%, respectively. Being female, disappointment in school results, family history of suicide attempt, current alcohol intake, anxiety, and chronic medical condition were significantly associated with both suicidal ideation and attempt while cyber bullying was significantly associated with suicidal ideation only.

Conclusions: Unsupportive home environment plus behavioral and medical conditions predispose school adolescents to suicidal ideation and attempt. The Ministry of Education and school administrations should facilitate favorable environment that enhance mental health awareness and protection of school adolescents. Building better parent-child relationship and parental discretion on the use of mobile phones can mitigate suicidal ideation and attempt.

背景:研究表明,自杀意念和自杀企图是预测自杀的主要因素。网络欺凌等新兴技术的发展,大流行病、战争等地方性和全球性事件的增加,以及气候变化的影响,都加剧了青少年在心理健康问题上的脆弱性。因此,及时的流行病学信息对于循证实践非常重要。因此,本研究旨在评估在校青少年自杀意念和自杀企图的严重程度和相关因素:2022 年 6 月,采用多阶段抽样技术,对随机抽取的 1144 名在校青少年进行了一项以学校为基础的横断面研究。数据收集采用自填式问卷。数据经清理后输入 Epi-data V.3.1,并使用 SPSS 26 版进行分析。采用多变量逻辑回归法确定青少年自杀意念和自杀企图的预测因素。调整后的几率比和置信区间(CI)分别用于衡量统计关联及其统计意义:结果发现,终生自杀意念和自杀未遂的发生率分别为 22.5%和 13.3%,而 12 个月内自杀意念和自杀未遂的发生率分别为 14.6%和 10%。女性、对学校成绩的失望、自杀未遂的家族史、目前的酒精摄入量、焦虑和慢性疾病与自杀意念和自杀未遂均有显著关联,而网络欺凌仅与自杀意念有显著关联:结论:不支持性的家庭环境以及行为和医疗状况易使在校青少年产生自杀意念和企图自杀。教育部和学校管理部门应营造良好的环境,提高对在校青少年心理健康的认识和保护。建立更好的亲子关系和父母对手机使用的谨慎态度可以减轻自杀意念和企图。
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引用次数: 0
Fatal Road Traffic Accidents and Associated Factors in North Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. 埃塞俄比亚中部北谢瓦区致命道路交通事故及相关因素:一项横断面研究。
IF 1.2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i6.7
Tilahun Deresse, Akine Eshete, Minyahil Hailu, Megbar Dessalegn

Background: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are among the top three global causes of death among people aged 15 to 44 years. More importantly, it is the main cause of death and permanent disability among young people aged 15 to 29 years. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of fatal traffic accidents and the factors associated with them in the North Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia, from 2013 to 2018.

Method: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in all registered RTAs from July 2013 to June 2018 that had full documentation. The data extraction tool was developed based on the daily RTA registration book format that was utilized. Data was entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 21 for analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between the factors and the fatality of RTA. P-values less than 0.05 were reported as statistically significant.

Results: Among 846 RTAs studied, 351 (41.5%) were found fatal, while 495 (58.5%) caused non-fatal injuries. Failure to give priority to pedestrians was 2.8 times (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.3, 5.9) more likely to cause fatal RTAs than drivers who failed to maintain distance between vehicles. Pedestrians were 2.7 times (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.1, 6.7) more likely to die in RTAs than drivers.

Conclusion: The fatality of RTA was high. Failure to give priority to pedestrians and being a pedestrian were strong predictors of death. The North Shewa Zone Traffic Police Department and police officers should focus on enforcing traffic safety laws.

背景:道路交通事故(RTA)是造成 15 至 44 岁人群死亡的全球三大原因之一。更重要的是,它是造成 15 至 29 岁年轻人死亡和永久性残疾的主要原因。本研究旨在评估 2013 年至 2018 年埃塞俄比亚中部北谢瓦区致命交通事故的严重程度及其相关因素:对 2013 年 7 月至 2018 年 6 月期间登记在册的所有有完整记录的道路交通事故进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。数据提取工具是根据日常使用的 RTA 登记簿格式开发的。数据被输入 Epi-data 3.1 版,然后导出到 SPSS 21 版进行分析。采用逻辑回归分析法评估各因素与道路交通意外死亡之间的关系。P值小于0.05为具有统计学意义:在研究的 846 起道路交通意外中,有 351 起(41.5%)造成死亡,495 起(58.5%)造成非致命伤。与未能保持车距的驾驶员相比,未能优先照顾行人导致道路交通意外死亡的几率是后者的 2.8 倍(AOR = 2.8,95% CI:1.3, 5.9)。行人在道路交通事故中死亡的可能性是司机的 2.7 倍(AOR = 2.7,95% CI:1.1,6.7):结论:RTA 的死亡率很高。未优先照顾行人和行人是死亡的主要预测因素。北舍瓦区交警部门和警察应重点执行交通安全法。
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Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences
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