Background: The rehabilitation industry suffered in a terrible economic climate caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19). Healthcare resources and the labor force were directed towards epidemic prevention of post-pandemic, which exacerbated the issue. This study evaluated the professional identity (PI) of new graduates majoring in rehabilitation therapy during the final harsh phase of COVID-19 and explored the factors influencing PI.
Methods: A cross-sectional investigation with a questionnaire was used in this study. A convenience sample of new graduates who majored in rehabilitation were recruited from hospitals and universities nationwide. The data collected demographic information and scores of professional identities for students in the final phase of the strict COVID-19 control policy in 2022.
Results: This study indicated that the average PI was quite a distance from the degree of ‘agree’ (3.84 on average), particularly for the fitness dimension (3.64 on average). The results identified two influencing variables: employment (Beta= -0.09, P< 0.05) and educational patterns (Beta= 0.12, P< 0.01).
Conclusion: Higher education in rehabilitation should respond to the present shift in the structure of the rehabilitation industry post-COVID-19. Meanwhile, the occupational environment of rehabilitation therapists and the medical value of rehabilitation therapy deserves more attention. This study provides evidence for managers to improve organizational justice and adjust policies on the distribution of medical resources.
{"title":"Professional Identity among New Rehabilitation Graduates in China: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Survey","authors":"Xue Zhang, Kai-Yi Qiu, Shao-Zhen Chen","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The rehabilitation industry suffered in a terrible economic climate caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19). Healthcare resources and the labor force were directed towards epidemic prevention of post-pandemic, which exacerbated the issue. This study evaluated the professional identity (PI) of new graduates majoring in rehabilitation therapy during the final harsh phase of COVID-19 and explored the factors influencing PI.
 Methods: A cross-sectional investigation with a questionnaire was used in this study. A convenience sample of new graduates who majored in rehabilitation were recruited from hospitals and universities nationwide. The data collected demographic information and scores of professional identities for students in the final phase of the strict COVID-19 control policy in 2022.
 Results: This study indicated that the average PI was quite a distance from the degree of ‘agree’ (3.84 on average), particularly for the fitness dimension (3.64 on average). The results identified two influencing variables: employment (Beta= -0.09, P< 0.05) and educational patterns (Beta= 0.12, P< 0.01).
 Conclusion: Higher education in rehabilitation should respond to the present shift in the structure of the rehabilitation industry post-COVID-19. Meanwhile, the occupational environment of rehabilitation therapists and the medical value of rehabilitation therapy deserves more attention. This study provides evidence for managers to improve organizational justice and adjust policies on the distribution of medical resources.","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nada Ahmed Al Sayigh, Marwa Mahmoud Shafey, Amal Ali Alghamdi, Ghada Fouad Alyousif, Fatma Amer Hamza, Zaenb Husain Alsalman
Background: The burden of sickle cell disease (SCD) is highin Saudi Arabia, with a significant impact on patients’ quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among adults with SCD.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among adults with SCD attending hematology clinics at Qatif Central Hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire included subsections to collect information from participants, including sociodemographic attributes, SCD characteristics, HRQoL based on SF-36, and opinions regarding barriers to service.
Results: Among 272 SCD patients, the highest mean score of HRQoL was observed in the social functioning (SF) domain (65.0±23.4), whereas the lowest score was observed in the role limitations due to physical health (RP) domain (47.2±40.4). The mean score for participants’ opinions regarding service provision was 19.27±4.68 (min-max:10–30), and only 24.6% had a positive opinion regarding the accessibility of service provision. A total of 38.6% of the respondents acknowledged shortcomings in the services offered by healthcare staff, and 43% identified weaknesses in communication with healthcare staff. Moreover, 40.1% agreed about feeling stigmatized about their condition. SCD patients who were <40 years old, males, had a university degree, had health insurance, waited <15 minutes before receiving health care, and had positive opinions regarding service provision were more likely to have better HRQoL scores.
Conclusion: Adults with SCD exhibited low HRQoL in general, and different factors were related to low HRQoL scores. Counselling, empowerment, and improvement of doctor-patient communication are important strategies to improve healthcare provision, and consequently, HRQoL among adults with SCD.
{"title":"Health-Related Quality of Life and Service Barriers among Adults with Sickle Cell Disease in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Nada Ahmed Al Sayigh, Marwa Mahmoud Shafey, Amal Ali Alghamdi, Ghada Fouad Alyousif, Fatma Amer Hamza, Zaenb Husain Alsalman","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.13","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The burden of sickle cell disease (SCD) is highin Saudi Arabia, with a significant impact on patients’ quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among adults with SCD. 
 Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among adults with SCD attending hematology clinics at Qatif Central Hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire included subsections to collect information from participants, including sociodemographic attributes, SCD characteristics, HRQoL based on SF-36, and opinions regarding barriers to service. 
 Results: Among 272 SCD patients, the highest mean score of HRQoL was observed in the social functioning (SF) domain (65.0±23.4), whereas the lowest score was observed in the role limitations due to physical health (RP) domain (47.2±40.4). The mean score for participants’ opinions regarding service provision was 19.27±4.68 (min-max:10–30), and only 24.6% had a positive opinion regarding the accessibility of service provision. A total of 38.6% of the respondents acknowledged shortcomings in the services offered by healthcare staff, and 43% identified weaknesses in communication with healthcare staff. Moreover, 40.1% agreed about feeling stigmatized about their condition. SCD patients who were <40 years old, males, had a university degree, had health insurance, waited <15 minutes before receiving health care, and had positive opinions regarding service provision were more likely to have better HRQoL scores. 
 Conclusion: Adults with SCD exhibited low HRQoL in general, and different factors were related to low HRQoL scores. Counselling, empowerment, and improvement of doctor-patient communication are important strategies to improve healthcare provision, and consequently, HRQoL among adults with SCD.","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136238107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis is one of the most common vaginal infections worldwide. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effect of probiotics in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Methods: A comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Scientific Information Database (SID), IranMedex, and Google Scholar search engine was performed. The search was conducted from inception to 1 October 2022, to identify published English or Persian language randomized control trials (RCTs) of women with vulvovaginal candidiasis who received probiotics as medical treatment. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Oxford Center for Evidence Based Medicine checklist. All statistical analyses were performed using Comprehensive Meta-analysis (CMA) version 2.
Results: Six RCTs were included in this review. The results showed that treatment with probiotic was not different from placebo regarding the rate of positive culture (OR: 1.12; 95% CI: 0.390 to 3.26, P=0.825); treatment with probiotic was more effective compared to placebo regarding the rate of recurrence. (OR: 0.14; P= 0.01; 95 % CI: 0.028–0.7).
Conclusion: Probiotics have a beneficial effect in the treatment of women with vulvovaginal candidiasis. Our results provide evidence for an alternative treatment modality for vaginal candidiasis using probiotics.
{"title":"The Role of Probiotics in the Treatment of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Tahere Zahedifard, Talat Khadivzadeh, Marzieh Rakhshkhorshid","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis is one of the most common vaginal infections worldwide. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effect of probiotics in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis.
 Methods: A comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Scientific Information Database (SID), IranMedex, and Google Scholar search engine was performed. The search was conducted from inception to 1 October 2022, to identify published English or Persian language randomized control trials (RCTs) of women with vulvovaginal candidiasis who received probiotics as medical treatment. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Oxford Center for Evidence Based Medicine checklist. All statistical analyses were performed using Comprehensive Meta-analysis (CMA) version 2.
 Results: Six RCTs were included in this review. The results showed that treatment with probiotic was not different from placebo regarding the rate of positive culture (OR: 1.12; 95% CI: 0.390 to 3.26, P=0.825); treatment with probiotic was more effective compared to placebo regarding the rate of recurrence. (OR: 0.14; P= 0.01; 95 % CI: 0.028–0.7). 
 Conclusion: Probiotics have a beneficial effect in the treatment of women with vulvovaginal candidiasis. Our results provide evidence for an alternative treatment modality for vaginal candidiasis using probiotics.","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prior to the intensified civil and armed conflicts in Ethiopia, remarkable progress was made in the health sector, which has persuaded the Ministry of Health to give special focus on building a responsive and resilient health system in the second five-year health sector transformation plan (HSTP II 2021-2025). However, the years-long civil and armed conflicts have been fueling the COVID-19 crisis and have caused multi-sectoral infrastructure damage, human life loss, and economic crisis. In 2021 alone, the conflict causes more than five million internal displacements of persons (IDP) and thousands civilian deaths. Review of reported government data has shown that 3,508 health posts, 750 health centers, and 76 hospitals were partially or completely damaged in four regions. Looting of medical equipment and facilities for amenities was devastating. More than 19 million people were affected by the armed and civil conflicts between 2020 and 2021. Unless peace is ensured across the nation the sooner possible, it is foreseen that the devastation may further worsen, and recovery may be a far-fetched possibility. Therefore, in addition to restoration of the disrupted health services, it is the right time for the Ministry of Health to incorporate the humanitariandevelopment nexus as a joint strategy with the Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Commission (DPPC) to ensure a resilient health system for similar multifaceted conflict-related health crisis, disasters, and infectious outbreaks.
在埃塞俄比亚国内和武装冲突加剧之前，卫生部门取得了显著进展，这促使卫生部在第二个卫生部门转型五年计划(HSTP II 2021-2025)中特别注重建立一个反应迅速和有复原力的卫生系统。然而，持续多年的内战和武装冲突加剧了2019冠状病毒病危机，并造成多部门基础设施受损、人员伤亡和经济危机。仅在2021年，冲突就造成500多万人在国内流离失所，数千名平民死亡。对政府报告数据的审查表明，在四个地区有3 508个卫生站、750个保健中心和76家医院部分或完全受损。抢劫医疗设备和便利设施的行为是毁灭性的。2020年至2021年期间，有1900多万人受到武装冲突和国内冲突的影响。除非尽快在全国范围内确保和平，否则可以预见，破坏可能会进一步恶化，恢复可能是一个遥远的可能性。因此，除了恢复中断的卫生服务外，现在正是卫生部将人道主义发展联系纳入与灾害预防和准备委员会(DPPC)的联合战略的恰当时机，以确保卫生系统具有复原力，应对类似的与冲突有关的多方面卫生危机、灾害和传染病暴发。
{"title":"The Protracted Civil and Armed Conflicts in Ethiopia Fueling the COVID-19-Related Health Crisis: Perspective on Building a Resilient Health System to Shocks","authors":"Yifru Berhan, Beyeberu Assefa, Awoke Tassew, Wondosen Mengiste, Alegnta Gebreyesus, Zelalem Geletu, Ketema Muluneh, Getachew Asfaw, Samuel Abera, Abebe Negesso, Samuel Abebe, Habtamu Abelneh, Ermias Deju, Tsedeke Mathewos","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.17","url":null,"abstract":"Prior to the intensified civil and armed conflicts in Ethiopia, remarkable progress was made in the health sector, which has persuaded the Ministry of Health to give special focus on building a responsive and resilient health system in the second five-year health sector transformation plan (HSTP II 2021-2025). However, the years-long civil and armed conflicts have been fueling the COVID-19 crisis and have caused multi-sectoral infrastructure damage, human life loss, and economic crisis. In 2021 alone, the conflict causes more than five million internal displacements of persons (IDP) and thousands civilian deaths. Review of reported government data has shown that 3,508 health posts, 750 health centers, and 76 hospitals were partially or completely damaged in four regions. Looting of medical equipment and facilities for amenities was devastating. More than 19 million people were affected by the armed and civil conflicts between 2020 and 2021. Unless peace is ensured across the nation the sooner possible, it is foreseen that the devastation may further worsen, and recovery may be a far-fetched possibility. Therefore, in addition to restoration of the disrupted health services, it is the right time for the Ministry of Health to incorporate the humanitariandevelopment nexus as a joint strategy with the Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Commission (DPPC) to ensure a resilient health system for similar multifaceted conflict-related health crisis, disasters, and infectious outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bekele Getenet, Woldesenbet Waganew, Desalegn Keney, Aman Yesuf
Background: Disaster is an acute dysfunction of the existing environment that requires external assistance. Although disaster has had a significant impact in Ethiopia, little is known about KAP of frontline HCW on disaster management in private hospitals. Therefore, this study will be a background for future researches and disaster management plan in private health sectors. The study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitudes, practices and their influencing factors among frontline healthcare workers on disaster risk management in private general hospitals in Addis Ababa.
Methods: The study design was multicenter cross-sectional survey that used structured closed- and open-ended questions. Multi-stage sampling technique was used. The sample size was 270 with a response rate of 98.9%. The study was conducted in frontline HCW of six private general hospitals from July 20-September 30, 2022. Epi-info version 7.0 and SPSS-25 were used for data clearing and statistical analysis. Level of KAP was calculated from the participants’ scores of the questions. Associations were done by using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression.
Results: Of the participants, 64% had poor level of knowledge, and 89.10% had poor level of practice while 93.6% had positive attitude. Lack of previous training, inadequate level of practice, and health experience below one year were negatively associated with good level of knowledge. Poor level of knowledge was negatively associated with good practice.
Conclusion: Although the majority of the participants had positive attitude, the mean level of knowledge and practice were poor to properly handle disastrous events.
背景:灾害是现有环境的严重失调，需要外部援助。尽管灾害对埃塞俄比亚产生了重大影响，但人们对一线医护人员对私立医院灾害管理的了解甚少。因此，本研究将为未来私营卫生部门的研究和灾害管理计划提供背景。本研究旨在评估亚的斯亚贝巴私立综合医院一线医护人员灾害风险管理的知识、态度、做法及其影响因素。
方法:研究设计为多中心横断面调查，采用结构化的封闭式和开放式问题。采用多级采样技术。样本量为270人，回复率为98.9%。该研究于2022年7月20日至9月30日在六家私立综合医院的一线HCW进行。使用Epi-info version 7.0和SPSS-25进行数据清理和统计分析。KAP水平是根据参与者的问题得分来计算的。使用双变量和多变量逻辑回归进行关联分析。
结果:参与者中，64%的人知识水平较差，89.10%的人实践水平较差，93.6%的人态度积极。缺乏先前的培训、实践水平不足以及一年以下的卫生经验与良好的知识水平呈负相关。知识水平低与良好行为呈负相关。
结论:虽然大多数参与者的态度积极，但平均知识水平和实践水平较差，无法正确处理灾难性事件。
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Frontline Health Care Workers to Disaster Risk Management in Private General Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Bekele Getenet, Woldesenbet Waganew, Desalegn Keney, Aman Yesuf","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.9","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Disaster is an acute dysfunction of the existing environment that requires external assistance. Although disaster has had a significant impact in Ethiopia, little is known about KAP of frontline HCW on disaster management in private hospitals. Therefore, this study will be a background for future researches and disaster management plan in private health sectors. The study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitudes, practices and their influencing factors among frontline healthcare workers on disaster risk management in private general hospitals in Addis Ababa.
 Methods: The study design was multicenter cross-sectional survey that used structured closed- and open-ended questions. Multi-stage sampling technique was used. The sample size was 270 with a response rate of 98.9%. The study was conducted in frontline HCW of six private general hospitals from July 20-September 30, 2022. Epi-info version 7.0 and SPSS-25 were used for data clearing and statistical analysis. Level of KAP was calculated from the participants’ scores of the questions. Associations were done by using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression.
 Results: Of the participants, 64% had poor level of knowledge, and 89.10% had poor level of practice while 93.6% had positive attitude. Lack of previous training, inadequate level of practice, and health experience below one year were negatively associated with good level of knowledge. Poor level of knowledge was negatively associated with good practice.
 Conclusion: Although the majority of the participants had positive attitude, the mean level of knowledge and practice were poor to properly handle disastrous events.","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Ethiopia has implemented a community-based health insurance (CBHI) program to provide coverage to 80% of the population and shield underprivileged individuals from the detrimental effects of exorbitant medical expenses. However, there is a paucity of data regarding its utilization and pertinent concerns. This study aimed to evaluate the utilization of CBHI and its associated factors among informal workers in Berek District.
Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between June 15 and July 15, 2022. The sample population comprised 538 households selected using a multistage sampling approach. Data analysis was done using SPSS Version 26. Variables with P-values of less than 0.25 during the bivariate analysis were selected for multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression. The statistical significance threshold was set at a p-value of 0.05.
Results: The utilization of Community- Based Health Insurance (CBHI) was 49.8%. Age between 30 and 39 years, monthly earnings of less than 1500 Ethiopian Birr, presence of chronic illness, membership in social organization, and possessing adequate knowledge were found to have a statistically significant association with the use of CBHI.
Conclusion: The utilization of CBHI was low within the confines of this district. Age, income, social group membership, and chronic illnesses were significantly associated with CBHI utilization.
背景:埃塞俄比亚实施了一项以社区为基础的健康保险方案，覆盖80%的人口，保护贫困人口免受高昂医疗费用的不利影响。但是，缺乏关于其利用情况和有关问题的数据。本研究旨在评估Berek区非正规工人对cbi的利用及其相关因素。
方法:以社区为基础的横断面研究于2022年6月15日至7月15日进行。样本人口包括538户，采用多阶段抽样方法选择。使用SPSS Version 26进行数据分析。选取双变量分析中p值小于0.25的变量，采用二元逻辑回归进行多变量分析。p值为0.05。
结果:社区医疗保险使用率为49.8%。年龄在30 - 39岁之间，月收入低于1500埃塞比尔，患有慢性疾病，加入社会组织，拥有足够的知识，这些因素与cbi的使用有统计学意义上的显著关联。结论:本区中药中药的利用率较低。年龄、收入、社会群体成员和慢性疾病与chi的使用显著相关。
{"title":"Community-Based Health Insurance Utilization and Its Determinants among Informal Workers: Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Tilahun Deresse, Akine Eshete, Hailu Mulatu, Megbar Dessalegn","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.8","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ethiopia has implemented a community-based health insurance (CBHI) program to provide coverage to 80% of the population and shield underprivileged individuals from the detrimental effects of exorbitant medical expenses. However, there is a paucity of data regarding its utilization and pertinent concerns. This study aimed to evaluate the utilization of CBHI and its associated factors among informal workers in Berek District.
 Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between June 15 and July 15, 2022. The sample population comprised 538 households selected using a multistage sampling approach. Data analysis was done using SPSS Version 26. Variables with P-values of less than 0.25 during the bivariate analysis were selected for multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression. The statistical significance threshold was set at a p-value of 0.05.
 Results: The utilization of Community- Based Health Insurance (CBHI) was 49.8%. Age between 30 and 39 years, monthly earnings of less than 1500 Ethiopian Birr, presence of chronic illness, membership in social organization, and possessing adequate knowledge were found to have a statistically significant association with the use of CBHI.
 Conclusion: The utilization of CBHI was low within the confines of this district. Age, income, social group membership, and chronic illnesses were significantly associated with CBHI utilization.","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136238104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yousef Fahajan, Ali Albelbeisi, Yasmin Abu Shnena, Osama J. Emad, Deiaa Abu Kweik, Edris Kakemam, Ahmed Hassan Albelbeisi
Background: Good communication is necessary for safety and quality of health. This study aims to determine the effect of ISBAR communication on nurses’ perception of communication and attitudes toward patient safety in the Emirates Maternity Hospital in the Gaza Strip, PalestineMethod: A single-group hospital-based intervention study (pre and posttest) was conducted. A census sample was used. Participants opinions about the effect of ISBAR were gathered using two tools established by Shortell, Rousseau, Sexton, and Helmreich to assess the communication awareness and nurses’ attitudes towards safety, respectively, before and after the use of the ISBAR program.Results: After the ISBAR application, nurses’ perception of communication demonstrated a positive and significant increase in the three sub-items (openness, accuracy and understanding, and shift communication) in the nurse–nurse communication. Moreover, in four sub- items (openness, accuracy, and understanding, timeliness, and satisfaction) in nurse–doctor communication, (p ˂ 0.05). Further, the nurses’ attitudes toward patient safety showed a significant and positive increase in teamwork climate (p˂0.001), safety climate (p = 0.007), job satisfaction and working condition (p˂0.001), stress recognition (p = 0.008), and perception of management (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The results provide significant evidence of the positive effects of the ISBAR program in improving nurses’ perceptions of communication and attitudes toward patient safety. It is recommended that healthcare providers use ISBAR communication in their practice. Moreover, periodic training programs are required for effective ISBAR communication among the healthcare team.
{"title":"Effect of ISBAR Clinical Handover Application on Nurses’ Perception of Communication and Attitudes toward Patient Safety at Emirates Maternity Hospital in Gaza Strip, Palestine","authors":"Yousef Fahajan, Ali Albelbeisi, Yasmin Abu Shnena, Osama J. Emad, Deiaa Abu Kweik, Edris Kakemam, Ahmed Hassan Albelbeisi","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Good communication is necessary for safety and quality of health. This study aims to determine the effect of ISBAR communication on nurses’ perception of communication and attitudes toward patient safety in the Emirates Maternity Hospital in the Gaza Strip, PalestineMethod: A single-group hospital-based intervention study (pre and posttest) was conducted. A census sample was used. Participants opinions about the effect of ISBAR were gathered using two tools established by Shortell, Rousseau, Sexton, and Helmreich to assess the communication awareness and nurses’ attitudes towards safety, respectively, before and after the use of the ISBAR program.Results: After the ISBAR application, nurses’ perception of communication demonstrated a positive and significant increase in the three sub-items (openness, accuracy and understanding, and shift communication) in the nurse–nurse communication. Moreover, in four sub- items (openness, accuracy, and understanding, timeliness, and satisfaction) in nurse–doctor communication, (p ˂ 0.05). Further, the nurses’ attitudes toward patient safety showed a significant and positive increase in teamwork climate (p˂0.001), safety climate (p = 0.007), job satisfaction and working condition (p˂0.001), stress recognition (p = 0.008), and perception of management (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The results provide significant evidence of the positive effects of the ISBAR program in improving nurses’ perceptions of communication and attitudes toward patient safety. It is recommended that healthcare providers use ISBAR communication in their practice. Moreover, periodic training programs are required for effective ISBAR communication among the healthcare team.","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136238108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anne Ochayo, Ronald Wamalwa, Erick Barasa, Jeremiah Zablon, George Sowayi, Tom Were, Godfrey Gitonga, Nathan Shaviya
Background: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTMs) are ubiquitous, free-living, environmental saprophytic microorganisms. NTMs belong to the genus Mycobacterium which includes Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). NTMs have lately been a major cause of pulmonary disease (PD) in immuno-compromised individuals including HIV-1 patients. NTMs and MTB appear similar based on microscopy, radiology, and clinical symptoms; consequently, this may lead to misdiagnosis. This study sought to establish the prevalence of NTM pulmonary disease in HIV-1 patients presumed to have pulmonary tuberculosis.
Methods: A cross-sectional analytical laboratory study design was used targeting 617 adult HIV-1 infected patients presenting with presumptive pulmonary TB at Bungoma County Hospital Comprehensive Care Clinic in Western Kenya between July 2021 to June 2022.
Results: A total of 75 (12.2%, 4.6 -9.8 CI) of the participants presented with presumptive MTB and had TB-like symptoms while 542 (87.8%, 12.5 -30.7 CI) were negative. Additionally, 56 (9.1%) were infected with NTMs. HIV-positive participants had a significantly higher prevalence of NTMs 62 (11.8%, 5.6 -9.2 CI) compared to 2 (2.1%, 0.4 -1.8 CI). In HI 10 (13.3%) as well as M. kansasii 8 (10.7%). V + study participants P<0.0001. M. avium was the most prevalent NTM, 25(33.3%), followed by M. fortuitum 20 (26.7%). A significant number of the isolates were M. tuberculosis
Conclusion: There seems to be a high prevalence of NTMPD in HIV-1 patients which is assumed to be pulmonary TB. Differential diagnosis of the mycobacterium species is necessary to help improve disease management and outcomes in this group of patients.
{"title":"Prevalence of Non-Tuberculosis Mycobacterium Pulmonary Disease in HIV-1 Patients with Presumptive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Western Kenya","authors":"Anne Ochayo, Ronald Wamalwa, Erick Barasa, Jeremiah Zablon, George Sowayi, Tom Were, Godfrey Gitonga, Nathan Shaviya","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTMs) are ubiquitous, free-living, environmental saprophytic microorganisms. NTMs belong to the genus Mycobacterium which includes Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). NTMs have lately been a major cause of pulmonary disease (PD) in immuno-compromised individuals including HIV-1 patients. NTMs and MTB appear similar based on microscopy, radiology, and clinical symptoms; consequently, this may lead to misdiagnosis. This study sought to establish the prevalence of NTM pulmonary disease in HIV-1 patients presumed to have pulmonary tuberculosis.
 Methods: A cross-sectional analytical laboratory study design was used targeting 617 adult HIV-1 infected patients presenting with presumptive pulmonary TB at Bungoma County Hospital Comprehensive Care Clinic in Western Kenya between July 2021 to June 2022.
 Results: A total of 75 (12.2%, 4.6 -9.8 CI) of the participants presented with presumptive MTB and had TB-like symptoms while 542 (87.8%, 12.5 -30.7 CI) were negative. Additionally, 56 (9.1%) were infected with NTMs. HIV-positive participants had a significantly higher prevalence of NTMs 62 (11.8%, 5.6 -9.2 CI) compared to 2 (2.1%, 0.4 -1.8 CI). In HI 10 (13.3%) as well as M. kansasii 8 (10.7%). V + study participants P<0.0001. M. avium was the most prevalent NTM, 25(33.3%), followed by M. fortuitum 20 (26.7%). A significant number of the isolates were M. tuberculosis
 Conclusion: There seems to be a high prevalence of NTMPD in HIV-1 patients which is assumed to be pulmonary TB. Differential diagnosis of the mycobacterium species is necessary to help improve disease management and outcomes in this group of patients.","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The extraction of impacted third molars (M3) is a common surgical procedure in dentistry and oral surgery. Various complications, including inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) damage, may occur during and after extraction of this tooth. Radiographic examination should provide information about the M3 itself, but also about the surrounding bony structure and the relationship of the roots to the IAN and the adjacent second molar, which is often traumatized during this extraction. The aim of our study was to evaluate the depth and angulation of impacted mandibular third molars (M3) from panoramic radiographs, according to the classifications proposed by Winter and Pell & Gregory.
Methods: Radiographic signs present on the orthopantomogram showing M3 depth, and retromandibular available space according to the Pell & Gregory classification were evaluated. Evaluation of the M3 angulation relative to the M2 according to Winter's classification was also done. Student's t test was used to determine the association between side or sex and different variables.
Results: The depth of impaction of the M3 crown was level A accounting for 54.4% (n=260) of the PR while level B constituted 35.7% (n=171) of the images. Regarding the availability of retromandibular space, Class I constituted 36.8% (n=176). The Class II accounted for 55.9% (n=267) of PR.
Conclusion: Our study showed that 54.4% of M3 were located at the same level as the occlusal plane of the second molar, while in 56% of PR the space between the second molar and the ramus of the mandible is less than the mesiodistal diameter of the third molar. This research showed that 23.1% of M3 had a level of vertical angulation, a level that allows for less painful luxation of the impacted molars. These results seem to show a relatively high level of difficulty in mobilizing and extracting M3 from Cameroonian patients
{"title":"Radiographic Evaluation of Impacted Third Mandibular Molar According to the Classification of Winter, Pell and Gregory in a Sample of Cameroonian Population","authors":"Edouma Jacques, Messina Ebogo, Yann-Chris Eng, Ntenkeu Donald, Zeh Odile","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The extraction of impacted third molars (M3) is a common surgical procedure in dentistry and oral surgery. Various complications, including inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) damage, may occur during and after extraction of this tooth. Radiographic examination should provide information about the M3 itself, but also about the surrounding bony structure and the relationship of the roots to the IAN and the adjacent second molar, which is often traumatized during this extraction. The aim of our study was to evaluate the depth and angulation of impacted mandibular third molars (M3) from panoramic radiographs, according to the classifications proposed by Winter and Pell & Gregory.
 Methods: Radiographic signs present on the orthopantomogram showing M3 depth, and retromandibular available space according to the Pell & Gregory classification were evaluated. Evaluation of the M3 angulation relative to the M2 according to Winter's classification was also done. Student's t test was used to determine the association between side or sex and different variables.
 Results: The depth of impaction of the M3 crown was level A accounting for 54.4% (n=260) of the PR while level B constituted 35.7% (n=171) of the images. Regarding the availability of retromandibular space, Class I constituted 36.8% (n=176). The Class II accounted for 55.9% (n=267) of PR. 
 Conclusion: Our study showed that 54.4% of M3 were located at the same level as the occlusal plane of the second molar, while in 56% of PR the space between the second molar and the ramus of the mandible is less than the mesiodistal diameter of the third molar. This research showed that 23.1% of M3 had a level of vertical angulation, a level that allows for less painful luxation of the impacted molars. These results seem to show a relatively high level of difficulty in mobilizing and extracting M3 from Cameroonian patients","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) imposes a substantial healthcare burden, affecting millions of people worldwide. Understanding the determinants influencing SCA severity is crucial for enhanced disease management and optimized patient outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet-Neutrophil Ratio (PNR), Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), and SCA severity.
Methods: A cohort of 45 children diagnosed with SCA and undergoing treatment at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital, Awka, was included in this study. Demographic and clinical data, along with laboratory measurements of the aforementioned ratios, were collected. The severity of SCA was assessed using numerical scoring.
Results: The analysis revealed that PNR and PLR emerged as significant predictors of SCA severity, irrespective of the level of adiposity. In contrast, NLR demonstrated no predictive value in relation to SCA severity.
Conclusion: The findings challenge the conventional notion that neutrophils alone play a central role in the pathogenesis of sickle cell crises. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of the disease and provide insights into possible alternative mechanisms underlying SCA severity. Further research is warranted to explore the intricate interplay between platelets, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and other biological factors within the context of SCA. Ultimately, this knowledge may pave the way for targeted interventions and improved management strategies for individuals living with SCA.
{"title":"Neutrophil-Lymphocyte, Platelet-Neutrophil, and PlateletLymphocyte Ratios as Indicators of Sickle Cell Anaemia Severity","authors":"Chilota Chibuife Efobi, Chisom Adaobi Nri-Ezedi, Chika Sandra Madu, Chuka Charles Ikediashi, Obiora Ejiofor, Chika Ifeoma Ofiaeli","doi":"10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v33i5.12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) imposes a substantial healthcare burden, affecting millions of people worldwide. Understanding the determinants influencing SCA severity is crucial for enhanced disease management and optimized patient outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet-Neutrophil Ratio (PNR), Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), and SCA severity.
 Methods: A cohort of 45 children diagnosed with SCA and undergoing treatment at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital, Awka, was included in this study. Demographic and clinical data, along with laboratory measurements of the aforementioned ratios, were collected. The severity of SCA was assessed using numerical scoring.
 Results: The analysis revealed that PNR and PLR emerged as significant predictors of SCA severity, irrespective of the level of adiposity. In contrast, NLR demonstrated no predictive value in relation to SCA severity.
 Conclusion: The findings challenge the conventional notion that neutrophils alone play a central role in the pathogenesis of sickle cell crises. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of the disease and provide insights into possible alternative mechanisms underlying SCA severity. Further research is warranted to explore the intricate interplay between platelets, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and other biological factors within the context of SCA. Ultimately, this knowledge may pave the way for targeted interventions and improved management strategies for individuals living with SCA.","PeriodicalId":12003,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136238110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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