Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2248-9215.10.1.100
Akinola Kolade Busuyi, A. Adeleke, Olawuyi Solomon Toluwase, Omole Joseph Gbenga, Akinola Priscilla Adebimpe
Aim: This study is aimed at investigating the effects of Aloe Vera Gel (AVG) on the histochemical parameters of an annular-punctured rabbit. Methods: Twenty-five rabbits weighing 1.0-3.5 kg were subjected to annular puncture of the L3/L4, L4/L5 and L5/L6 Intervertebral Discs (IVD) using an 18G needle. Rabbits were assigned into five groups (A, B, C, D, and E) with five animals per group. Group A was not punctured. Group B was punctured. Groups C, D, and E were punctured and received AVG. The administration was via oral cannula for 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, samples were obtained for biochemical and immunochemical analysis with tissue samples excised for histological procedures Results: The results showed a significant increase (F=7.08; P=0.012) in the serum level of Superoxide Dismutase [SOD] and decrease (F=10.20; P=0.0001) in the concentration of Malondialdehyde [MDA]. We found a significant increase in concentrations of both interleukin 1β (F=7.36; P=0.0008) and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) α (F=37.46; P=0.0001). AVG was also able to repair damaged IVD by restoring the histoarchitecture of the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus. Conclusion: We conclude that AVG can repair damaged intervertebral disc and has a strong anti-oxidative and immune modulatory properties in an annular-punctured rabbit.
{"title":"Histochemical Effects of Aloe Vera Gel (Aloe Barbadensis Miller) on Puncture-Induced Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in Rabbits","authors":"Akinola Kolade Busuyi, A. Adeleke, Olawuyi Solomon Toluwase, Omole Joseph Gbenga, Akinola Priscilla Adebimpe","doi":"10.36648/2248-9215.10.1.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2248-9215.10.1.100","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study is aimed at investigating the effects of Aloe Vera Gel (AVG) on the histochemical parameters of an annular-punctured rabbit. Methods: Twenty-five rabbits weighing 1.0-3.5 kg were subjected to annular puncture of the L3/L4, L4/L5 and L5/L6 Intervertebral Discs (IVD) using an 18G needle. Rabbits were assigned into five groups (A, B, C, D, and E) with five animals per group. Group A was not punctured. Group B was punctured. Groups C, D, and E were punctured and received AVG. The administration was via oral cannula for 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, samples were obtained for biochemical and immunochemical analysis with tissue samples excised for histological procedures Results: The results showed a significant increase (F=7.08; P=0.012) in the serum level of Superoxide Dismutase [SOD] and decrease (F=10.20; P=0.0001) in the concentration of Malondialdehyde [MDA]. We found a significant increase in concentrations of both interleukin 1β (F=7.36; P=0.0008) and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) α (F=37.46; P=0.0001). AVG was also able to repair damaged IVD by restoring the histoarchitecture of the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus. Conclusion: We conclude that AVG can repair damaged intervertebral disc and has a strong anti-oxidative and immune modulatory properties in an annular-punctured rabbit.","PeriodicalId":12012,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"222 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75798354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2248-9215.10.3.107
D. Worku, R. Allen
Tetraology of Fallot (TOF) is the most common of the cyanotic congenital heart diseases. It is characterized by four anatomical lesions all of which have a spectrum of severity. Clinically the presentation of the neonate depends on the degree of Right Ventricular Outflow Tract (RVOT) obstruction and the patency of the ductus arteriosus with common symptoms including paroxysms of irritability, diaphoresis, hyper cyanotic spells and heart failure. Physicians currently use a multitude of investigations in order to demonstrate the complex physiology of TOF including sonography (in utero), Doppler echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, Multidetector CT (MDCT) and MRI. When used in combination these allow for planned surgical management of this otherwise life limiting condition which can be technically challenging due to variable anatomy. Currently patients should have curative surgery between 3-6 months with surgical approaches including VSD closure through a transaterial-transpulmonary approach and Transannular Patch (TAP) placement to limit RVOT. Currently, 97% TOF patients can expect to survive one year however they require very close follow up with cohort studies revealing high risks of ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death.
{"title":"Tetralogy of Fallot: Origins, Management and Outcomes","authors":"D. Worku, R. Allen","doi":"10.36648/2248-9215.10.3.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2248-9215.10.3.107","url":null,"abstract":"Tetraology of Fallot (TOF) is the most common of the cyanotic congenital heart diseases. It is characterized by four anatomical lesions all of which have a spectrum of severity. Clinically the presentation of the neonate depends on the degree of Right Ventricular Outflow Tract (RVOT) obstruction and the patency of the ductus arteriosus with common symptoms including paroxysms of irritability, diaphoresis, hyper cyanotic spells and heart failure. Physicians currently use a multitude of investigations in order to demonstrate the complex physiology of TOF including sonography (in utero), Doppler echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, Multidetector CT (MDCT) and MRI. When used in combination these allow for planned surgical management of this otherwise life limiting condition which can be technically challenging due to variable anatomy. Currently patients should have curative surgery between 3-6 months with surgical approaches including VSD closure through a transaterial-transpulmonary approach and Transannular Patch (TAP) placement to limit RVOT. Currently, 97% TOF patients can expect to survive one year however they require very close follow up with cohort studies revealing high risks of ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death.","PeriodicalId":12012,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90676007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2248-9215.9.4.91
W. Taia, M. Ibrahim, M. Sattar
The present investigation aims to study the pollen morphology and ultrastructure of pollen grain characteristics for nine Citrus species and three related genera cultivated in Egypt. The pollen grains were photographed by using both Light Microscope (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Twelve qualitative and quantitative pollen morphological characters were used to differentiate among the studied taxa. Statistical analysis of palynological data indicated that the pollen size, shape, colpi length, apertures number and type, ora size, amb shape, mesocolpium diameter, and the exine ornamentation were the most distinguished characters in the circumscription of the studied taxa and were of taxonomic value. On the contrary, the other studied pollen characters including the ratio between Polar length/Equatorial diameter (P/E), ora shape and exine thickness were not found to be of taxonomic value in the differentiation among the closely related taxa of Citrus, Fortunella margarita, Limequat hybrid and Poncirus trifoliate in the present study.
{"title":"Pollen Variations among some Cultivated Citrus Species and its Related Genera in Egypt","authors":"W. Taia, M. Ibrahim, M. Sattar","doi":"10.36648/2248-9215.9.4.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2248-9215.9.4.91","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation aims to study the pollen morphology and ultrastructure of pollen grain characteristics for nine Citrus species and three related genera cultivated in Egypt. The pollen grains were photographed by using both Light Microscope (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Twelve qualitative and quantitative pollen morphological characters were used to differentiate among the studied taxa. Statistical analysis of palynological data indicated that the pollen size, shape, colpi length, apertures number and type, ora size, amb shape, mesocolpium diameter, and the exine ornamentation were the most distinguished characters in the circumscription of the studied taxa and were of taxonomic value. On the contrary, the other studied pollen characters including the ratio between Polar length/Equatorial diameter (P/E), ora shape and exine thickness were not found to be of taxonomic value in the differentiation among the closely related taxa of Citrus, Fortunella margarita, Limequat hybrid and Poncirus trifoliate in the present study.","PeriodicalId":12012,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"254 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73517052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2248-9215.9.1.81
W. Taia, M. Ibrahim, E. Bassiouni
In this study, fungal spores in the atmosphere of Rosetta, Egypt were studied for one year (August 2015 to July 2016) using a Hirst type volumetric pollen trap. An annual spore index equals to 8023 was recorded during the studied period. The maximum records were in August 2015, May and July 2016. Alternaria, Cladosporium, Tilletia, Stemphylium, Chaetomium, Aspergillus/Penicillium-type, Drechslera-type, Mycosphaerella, and Epicoccum represent the main spore producers organized in relation to their abundance. A total of nine fungal spore genera with minimum 10-day mean equal to or greater than 0.1 spores/m3 of air are involved to construct an approximate spore calendar. This aeropalynological study was compared with others elsewhere in the world. Correlation analysis between spore counts and different meteorological parameters (temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity) as well as a number of allergic patients were studied. It was obvious that most of the recorded fungal spores have allergenic properties, especially from April till August. This study revealed that the air in Rosetta district is polluted and care must be taken in fruit and food storage especially during the summer period.
{"title":"Study of the Airborne Fungal Spores in Rosetta, Egypt","authors":"W. Taia, M. Ibrahim, E. Bassiouni","doi":"10.36648/2248-9215.9.1.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2248-9215.9.1.81","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, fungal spores in the atmosphere of Rosetta, Egypt were studied for one year (August 2015 to July 2016) using a Hirst type volumetric pollen trap. An annual spore index equals to 8023 was recorded during the studied period. The maximum records were in August 2015, May and July 2016. Alternaria, Cladosporium, Tilletia, Stemphylium, Chaetomium, Aspergillus/Penicillium-type, Drechslera-type, Mycosphaerella, and Epicoccum represent the main spore producers organized in relation to their abundance. A total of nine fungal spore genera with minimum 10-day mean equal to or greater than 0.1 spores/m3 of air are involved to construct an approximate spore calendar. This aeropalynological study was compared with others elsewhere in the world. Correlation analysis between spore counts and different meteorological parameters (temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity) as well as a number of allergic patients were studied. It was obvious that most of the recorded fungal spores have allergenic properties, especially from April till August. This study revealed that the air in Rosetta district is polluted and care must be taken in fruit and food storage especially during the summer period.","PeriodicalId":12012,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75644150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2248-9215.9.3.89
M. K. Khalil, S. Qureshi, Waqar Ali, Mukhtiar Ali, Farooq Ishaq, M. Tariq
In modern agriculture, the integration of organic and inorganic fertilizers has been proved as the best technique to maximize the nutrient availability to crops for longer period of time and to minimize the essential nutrients loss from rhizosphere soil. However, most of the researchers and farmers are uninformed of that which is the best fertilizer integration ratio and what type of organic manure should be used for obtaining good fertile soil and economical crop yield. In response of the above question the present research experiment was carried out in Kharif season 2018 at Cereal Crop Research Institute (CCRI), Nowshera, KPK, Pakistan to investigate the performance of maize crop in response to different types of organic manures integrated with inorganic nitrogen fertilizer in distinct ratios based on % nitrogen (N). Total 9 treatments were used in the experiment such as T1 (Control=100% N from Urea), T2 (50% N from SSB+50% N from Urea), T3 (50% N from SCB+50% N from Urea), T4 (50% N from PL+50% N from Urea), T5 (50% N from FYM+50% N from Urea), T6 (25% N from SSB+75% N from Urea), T7 (25% N from SCB+75% N from Urea), T8 (25% N from PL+75% N from Urea) and T9 (25% N from FYM+75% N from Urea). The outcomes of the experiment revealed that all the treatments have significantly affected the kernel yield, plant height, 100 kernel weight, and ear length while the number of kernel rows was non-significant. Treatments having 1:1 combination (T2, T3, T4, T5) have far better results as compared to 3:1 ratio combination (T6, T7, T8, T9) and 1:0 ratio combinations (T1). Among 1:1 treatment the overall performance of treatment T2 (50% N from Soyabean Straw Biochar (SSB)+50% N from urea) was best of all increasing the kernel yield, plant height, 100 kernel weight, ear length and kernel rows per cob up to 54.5%, 15.2%, 16%, 17.7% and 8.1% respectively more than any other treatment. Hence the integration of Soya Bean Straw Biochar with urea in 1:1 based on % N is advised for maximum yield and better growth performance of maize. Such a study on different cereal and leguminous crops under different soil and climatic conditions are recommended for vast spread application and authorization of results.
{"title":"Comparisons of Different Types of Organic Manures Integrated in Diverse Ratios with Inorganic N-Fertilizer in Terms of Maize Yield and Productivity","authors":"M. K. Khalil, S. Qureshi, Waqar Ali, Mukhtiar Ali, Farooq Ishaq, M. Tariq","doi":"10.36648/2248-9215.9.3.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2248-9215.9.3.89","url":null,"abstract":"In modern agriculture, the integration of organic and inorganic fertilizers has been proved as the best technique to maximize the nutrient availability to crops for longer period of time and to minimize the essential nutrients loss from rhizosphere soil. However, most of the researchers and farmers are uninformed of that which is the best fertilizer integration ratio and what type of organic manure should be used for obtaining good fertile soil and economical crop yield. In response of the above question the present research experiment was carried out in Kharif season 2018 at Cereal Crop Research Institute (CCRI), Nowshera, KPK, Pakistan to investigate the performance of maize crop in response to different types of organic manures integrated with inorganic nitrogen fertilizer in distinct ratios based on % nitrogen (N). Total 9 treatments were used in the experiment such as T1 (Control=100% N from Urea), T2 (50% N from SSB+50% N from Urea), T3 (50% N from SCB+50% N from Urea), T4 (50% N from PL+50% N from Urea), T5 (50% N from FYM+50% N from Urea), T6 (25% N from SSB+75% N from Urea), T7 (25% N from SCB+75% N from Urea), T8 (25% N from PL+75% N from Urea) and T9 (25% N from FYM+75% N from Urea). The outcomes of the experiment revealed that all the treatments have significantly affected the kernel yield, plant height, 100 kernel weight, and ear length while the number of kernel rows was non-significant. Treatments having 1:1 combination (T2, T3, T4, T5) have far better results as compared to 3:1 ratio combination (T6, T7, T8, T9) and 1:0 ratio combinations (T1). Among 1:1 treatment the overall performance of treatment T2 (50% N from Soyabean Straw Biochar (SSB)+50% N from urea) was best of all increasing the kernel yield, plant height, 100 kernel weight, ear length and kernel rows per cob up to 54.5%, 15.2%, 16%, 17.7% and 8.1% respectively more than any other treatment. Hence the integration of Soya Bean Straw Biochar with urea in 1:1 based on % N is advised for maximum yield and better growth performance of maize. Such a study on different cereal and leguminous crops under different soil and climatic conditions are recommended for vast spread application and authorization of results.","PeriodicalId":12012,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84327560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2248-9215.9.3.84
M. Elsayed, Z. Eltayeb, A. Abdellah, W. Morsy, Ghusoon A Bashady, N. Ebrahim, Karim M Ellabany
Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (IRI) is characterized by temporary cessation followed by restoration of blood supply and re-oxygenation of a certain organ. In the kidney, IRI contributes to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) with rapid kidney damage and high morbidity and mortality rates. A surgical or drug-induced blockage of renal sympathetic nerve prevents, partially, the development of IR-induced AKI. Modulation of the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway (CAP) by Vagal Nerve Stimulation (VNS) has also a delayed but effective impact in renal IRI. However, the combined effect of renal sympathectomy and VNS had not been well investigated. Objectives: This work aimed at investigating the combined effect of VNS and Renal Denervation (RDN) in preventing deleterious effects of IRI in rats compared to the effects obtained by RDN alone and to elucidate the possible mechanisms. Methods: 32 adult male albino rats were equally allocated into four groups, sham group, IRI group, RDN group subjected to RDN before IRI and a group subjected to RDN and VNS before IRI. Results: Compared to the sham group, renal IRI led to the elevation of BUN, serum creatinine and MDA levels, it also elevated TNFα and reduced GPX activity and nitrate levels in the renal tissue. In addition, IRI lowered BCL2 in the immune-histochemical study and caused renal damage as observed by the histological light and electron microscopic examination. On the other hand, RDN demonstrated partial correction while, a combination of RDN and VNS demonstrated nearly optimum recovery of renal functions, oxidant/antioxidant balance, inflammatory markers as well as marked amelioration of immunohistochemical, structural and ultra-structural studies. Conclusion: VNS augmented and accelerated the renoprotective effects of RDN owing to its antioxidant, antiinflammatory as well as anti-apoptotic effects. Additionally, when VNS was combined to RDN, the protection against acute renal failure induced by IRI was rapid and effective.
{"title":"Impacts of Renal Denervation and Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Acute Renal Failure Induced by Renal Ischemia Reperfusion injury in Rat Model","authors":"M. Elsayed, Z. Eltayeb, A. Abdellah, W. Morsy, Ghusoon A Bashady, N. Ebrahim, Karim M Ellabany","doi":"10.36648/2248-9215.9.3.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2248-9215.9.3.84","url":null,"abstract":"Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (IRI) is characterized by temporary cessation followed by restoration of blood supply and re-oxygenation of a certain organ. In the kidney, IRI contributes to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) with rapid kidney damage and high morbidity and mortality rates. A surgical or drug-induced blockage of renal sympathetic nerve prevents, partially, the development of IR-induced AKI. Modulation of the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway (CAP) by Vagal Nerve Stimulation (VNS) has also a delayed but effective impact in renal IRI. However, the combined effect of renal sympathectomy and VNS had not been well investigated. Objectives: This work aimed at investigating the combined effect of VNS and Renal Denervation (RDN) in preventing deleterious effects of IRI in rats compared to the effects obtained by RDN alone and to elucidate the possible mechanisms. Methods: 32 adult male albino rats were equally allocated into four groups, sham group, IRI group, RDN group subjected to RDN before IRI and a group subjected to RDN and VNS before IRI. Results: Compared to the sham group, renal IRI led to the elevation of BUN, serum creatinine and MDA levels, it also elevated TNFα and reduced GPX activity and nitrate levels in the renal tissue. In addition, IRI lowered BCL2 in the immune-histochemical study and caused renal damage as observed by the histological light and electron microscopic examination. On the other hand, RDN demonstrated partial correction while, a combination of RDN and VNS demonstrated nearly optimum recovery of renal functions, oxidant/antioxidant balance, inflammatory markers as well as marked amelioration of immunohistochemical, structural and ultra-structural studies. Conclusion: VNS augmented and accelerated the renoprotective effects of RDN owing to its antioxidant, antiinflammatory as well as anti-apoptotic effects. Additionally, when VNS was combined to RDN, the protection against acute renal failure induced by IRI was rapid and effective.","PeriodicalId":12012,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91042180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2248-9215.9.1.79
Y. Ariza, M. Murata, Y. Ueda, T. Yoshizawa
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex and heterogeneous autoimmune disease associated with the over production of high affinity autoantibodies. Overactivity of B-cell responsiveness to immune stimulation and direct activation of circulating FcR bearing cells are sufficient to initiate inflammatory responses, which may be an essential feature of SLE pathogenesis. Here, we examined the potential efficacy of tirabrutinib using NZB/WF1 and MRL/lpr mice in the model of spontaneous SLE. Tirabrutinib inhibited the production of anti-dsDNA in serum, and the onset of proteinuria resulted in markedly lower in both lupus-prone mice. Furthermore, the treatment with tirabrutinib resulted in 100% survival, while 70% survival was observed in untreated mice. Significant reductions in the numbers of total IgG and anti-dsDNAsecreting B-cells were apparent in spleens from tirabrutinib treated mice. Germinal center B-cells and plasma cells were also significantly lower in tirabrutinib treated mice. Our results demonstrate that treatment with tirabrutinib may simultaneously target autoantibody producing and effector cells to prevent the spontaneous disease development in lupus-prone mice. These data suggest that tirabrutinib may provide promising therapeutic benefit in human lupus and related disorders.
{"title":"Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase (Btk) Inhibitor Tirabrutinib Prevents the Development of Murine Lupus","authors":"Y. Ariza, M. Murata, Y. Ueda, T. Yoshizawa","doi":"10.36648/2248-9215.9.1.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2248-9215.9.1.79","url":null,"abstract":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex and heterogeneous autoimmune disease associated with the over production of high affinity autoantibodies. Overactivity of B-cell responsiveness to immune stimulation and direct activation of circulating FcR bearing cells are sufficient to initiate inflammatory responses, which may be an essential feature of SLE pathogenesis. Here, we examined the potential efficacy of tirabrutinib using NZB/WF1 and MRL/lpr mice in the model of spontaneous SLE. Tirabrutinib inhibited the production of anti-dsDNA in serum, and the onset of proteinuria resulted in markedly lower in both lupus-prone mice. Furthermore, the treatment with tirabrutinib resulted in 100% survival, while 70% survival was observed in untreated mice. Significant reductions in the numbers of total IgG and anti-dsDNAsecreting B-cells were apparent in spleens from tirabrutinib treated mice. Germinal center B-cells and plasma cells were also significantly lower in tirabrutinib treated mice. Our results demonstrate that treatment with tirabrutinib may simultaneously target autoantibody producing and effector cells to prevent the spontaneous disease development in lupus-prone mice. These data suggest that tirabrutinib may provide promising therapeutic benefit in human lupus and related disorders.","PeriodicalId":12012,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74253961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2248-9215.9.1.80
S. Muhammad, I. Mian, M. Fawad
Climate change is one of the detrimental factors for plant growth. A change in temperature can lead to a high loss in crop productivity. Keeping the detrimental effect of climate change on plant growth and productivity, research was carried out to mitigate the climate effect on crop productivity. Ten maize hybrids and varieties were selected for the experiment and were sown on five different sowing times. The experimental analysis was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design with split plots arrangement having three replications. Sowing times were allocated to main plots while varieties and hybrids were allotted to the subplots, respectively. The results revealed that different varieties and hybrid shows a different response to variant sowing times. Maximum plant height was recorded by SB-989, maximum biological yield was recorded by Azam variety while maximum grain yield was recorded by SB-909 hybrid maize cultivar. Similarly early sowing time 5th June showed better results in terms of plant height, grain yield and biological yield. From the results, it was concluded that maize variety showed by sown on 5th June to attain maximum output in terms of yield and yield attributes.
{"title":"Viewing Climate Change Impact through Maize Varietal Sowing at Variant Intervals","authors":"S. Muhammad, I. Mian, M. Fawad","doi":"10.36648/2248-9215.9.1.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2248-9215.9.1.80","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is one of the detrimental factors for plant growth. A change in temperature can lead to a high loss in crop productivity. Keeping the detrimental effect of climate change on plant growth and productivity, research was carried out to mitigate the climate effect on crop productivity. Ten maize hybrids and varieties were selected for the experiment and were sown on five different sowing times. The experimental analysis was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design with split plots arrangement having three replications. Sowing times were allocated to main plots while varieties and hybrids were allotted to the subplots, respectively. The results revealed that different varieties and hybrid shows a different response to variant sowing times. Maximum plant height was recorded by SB-989, maximum biological yield was recorded by Azam variety while maximum grain yield was recorded by SB-909 hybrid maize cultivar. Similarly early sowing time 5th June showed better results in terms of plant height, grain yield and biological yield. From the results, it was concluded that maize variety showed by sown on 5th June to attain maximum output in terms of yield and yield attributes.","PeriodicalId":12012,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75636885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2248-9215.9.3.88
B. Aslan, M Arikam, F. Aydin
Objective: Postoperative Vomiting (POV) is a common complication in intraabdominal operations. The use of intravenous lidocaine infusion in adult patients who underwent abdominal surgery may prevent POV. We aimed to evaluate the anti-emetic effect of intravenous lidocaine infusion used as an adjuvant to general anesthesia in intra-abdominal operations. Patients: ASA I-III adult women aged 30 to 70 years scheduled for elective adnexal mass operations were selected. Intervention: We have standardized the induction and maintenance of anesthesia in our oncological surgery rooms. Patients were randomly administered lidocaine (1.5 mg.kg-1 intravenous (i.v) lidocaine followed by 2 mg.kg-1.h) or only 0.9% saline (same proportion and volume) for 5 minutes. Infusions were continued until the end of the surgery. Results: 200 women with adnexal mass were operated. In the lidocaine group, 60 (60%) of the 100 patients had POV and 80 (80%) of the 100 patients had POV in the Saline group. The probability of having POV was 20% less than patients receiving lidocaine in the Saline group. The mean lidocaine plasma concentration was 4.1 µg.ml-1 (range: 0.87 to 4.88). Conclusion: The use of intravenous lidocaine infusion as an adjunct to general anesthesia reduced POVN in oncology patients.
{"title":"Intraoperative Intravenous Lidocaine Prevention of Vomiting in Adnexial Mass Operations","authors":"B. Aslan, M Arikam, F. Aydin","doi":"10.36648/2248-9215.9.3.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2248-9215.9.3.88","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Postoperative Vomiting (POV) is a common complication in intraabdominal operations. The use of intravenous lidocaine infusion in adult patients who underwent abdominal surgery may prevent POV. We aimed to evaluate the anti-emetic effect of intravenous lidocaine infusion used as an adjuvant to general anesthesia in intra-abdominal operations. Patients: ASA I-III adult women aged 30 to 70 years scheduled for elective adnexal mass operations were selected. Intervention: We have standardized the induction and maintenance of anesthesia in our oncological surgery rooms. Patients were randomly administered lidocaine (1.5 mg.kg-1 intravenous (i.v) lidocaine followed by 2 mg.kg-1.h) or only 0.9% saline (same proportion and volume) for 5 minutes. Infusions were continued until the end of the surgery. Results: 200 women with adnexal mass were operated. In the lidocaine group, 60 (60%) of the 100 patients had POV and 80 (80%) of the 100 patients had POV in the Saline group. The probability of having POV was 20% less than patients receiving lidocaine in the Saline group. The mean lidocaine plasma concentration was 4.1 µg.ml-1 (range: 0.87 to 4.88). Conclusion: The use of intravenous lidocaine infusion as an adjunct to general anesthesia reduced POVN in oncology patients.","PeriodicalId":12012,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91327972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.36648/2248-9215.9.3.87
Eswari Beeram, Suman Bukke, Divya Bysani
Metosartan induces so many deleterious effects in male Wistar rats treated with drug and RNase. It causes pre maturation of sperms and reduces the sperm count as well as reduces viable sperm count. It induces the x-chromosome desynapsis leading to testicular carcinoma. The effects are so profound in case of drug than compared to the enzyme RNase. Metosartan induces apoptosis in testicular tissue mainly through intrinsic pathway which is mainly due to genotoxic agents. The drug mainly inhibits RNase A in rat testes and has positive effect on Mitosis.
{"title":"Review on Effects of Metosartan on Testes Tissue","authors":"Eswari Beeram, Suman Bukke, Divya Bysani","doi":"10.36648/2248-9215.9.3.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2248-9215.9.3.87","url":null,"abstract":"Metosartan induces so many deleterious effects in male Wistar rats treated with drug and RNase. It causes pre maturation of sperms and reduces the sperm count as well as reduces viable sperm count. It induces the x-chromosome desynapsis leading to testicular carcinoma. The effects are so profound in case of drug than compared to the enzyme RNase. Metosartan induces apoptosis in testicular tissue mainly through intrinsic pathway which is mainly due to genotoxic agents. The drug mainly inhibits RNase A in rat testes and has positive effect on Mitosis.","PeriodicalId":12012,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82059112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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