Human-dog attachment is a special relationship and has been studied from various perspectives. Attachment or social bonding has a positive effect on the psychological and physiological wellbeing of a dog owner, increasing physical health and quality of life. Attachment is idiosyncratic, induced by neuroendocrinological functions like an oxytocin increase after an interaction, but also based on subjective perceptions of the quality of bonding and relationship. Dog-owner attachment was measured in this study using the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale in its validated German version as a tool to compare owner perception with factual movement data of their dog. The question posed was whether the perceived dog behaviour impacted on the attachment score as assessed through the LAPS. The authors could show that perceived problematical or unwanted conduct, like hunting behaviour, had a negative effect on LAPS scores whereas perceived obedient behaviour had a positive effect upon attachment. The authors found that actual walking data of the dogs were not in congruence with owner assessments. Thus, owner reports alone possibly will not be a sufficient measure of dog-human relationships and animal behaviour.
{"title":"Relationship between Dog Walking Behaviour and Owner-Dog Attachment Using the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale","authors":"S. Foltin, U. Ganslosser","doi":"10.30564/jzr.v4i2.4526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jzr.v4i2.4526","url":null,"abstract":"Human-dog attachment is a special relationship and has been studied from various perspectives. Attachment or social bonding has a positive effect on the psychological and physiological wellbeing of a dog owner, increasing physical health and quality of life. Attachment is idiosyncratic, induced by neuroendocrinological functions like an oxytocin increase after an interaction, but also based on subjective perceptions of the quality of bonding and relationship. Dog-owner attachment was measured in this study using the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale in its validated German version as a tool to compare owner perception with factual movement data of their dog. The question posed was whether the perceived dog behaviour impacted on the attachment score as assessed through the LAPS. The authors could show that perceived problematical or unwanted conduct, like hunting behaviour, had a negative effect on LAPS scores whereas perceived obedient behaviour had a positive effect upon attachment. The authors found that actual walking data of the dogs were not in congruence with owner assessments. Thus, owner reports alone possibly will not be a sufficient measure of dog-human relationships and animal behaviour.","PeriodicalId":12046,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Zoological Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83294264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Okassa, V. Dibangou, Grâce Nianga Bikouta, Dollon Mbama Ntabi, A. Lenga
According to the last revised catalogue of the mite family Phytoseiidae and the online Phytoseiidae database, only six species of predatory mites have been identified to date in the Republic of Congo (RC). Two species were reported on cassava (Manihot esculenta), two on coffee (Coffea spp.), one on lemon (Citrus spp.), and one on unidentified plants. In this study, we catalogued predatory mites on five plants of economic interest in the RC. Two hundred and forty-seven mite specimens were collected on Manihot esculenta, Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum melongena, Abelmoschus esculentus, and Capsicum spp. Traditional taxonomy was used to identify the collected specimens. The morphological characteristics of the females were analyzed, including the lengths of the dorsal setae, presence or absence of dorsal and ventrianal setae, shape of insemination apparatus, leg chaetotaxy, and cheliceral dentition. Six species belonging to two subfamilies (Phytoseiinae and Amblyseiinae) and five genera (Amblyseius, Euseius, Paraphytoseius, Phytoseius, and Iphiseius) were identified. Among these six species, only one had previously been observed in the RC; the remaining five species are reported.
{"title":"Brief Inventory of Phytoseiidae (Parasitiformes) Found on Vegetable Crops in the Republic of Congo","authors":"M. Okassa, V. Dibangou, Grâce Nianga Bikouta, Dollon Mbama Ntabi, A. Lenga","doi":"10.30564/jzr.v4i2.3854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jzr.v4i2.3854","url":null,"abstract":"According to the last revised catalogue of the mite family Phytoseiidae and the online Phytoseiidae database, only six species of predatory mites have been identified to date in the Republic of Congo (RC). Two species were reported on cassava (Manihot esculenta), two on coffee (Coffea spp.), one on lemon (Citrus spp.), and one on unidentified plants. In this study, we catalogued predatory mites on five plants of economic interest in the RC. Two hundred and forty-seven mite specimens were collected on Manihot esculenta, Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum melongena, Abelmoschus esculentus, and Capsicum spp. Traditional taxonomy was used to identify the collected specimens. The morphological characteristics of the females were analyzed, including the lengths of the dorsal setae, presence or absence of dorsal and ventrianal setae, shape of insemination apparatus, leg chaetotaxy, and cheliceral dentition. Six species belonging to two subfamilies (Phytoseiinae and Amblyseiinae) and five genera (Amblyseius, Euseius, Paraphytoseius, Phytoseius, and Iphiseius) were identified. Among these six species, only one had previously been observed in the RC; the remaining five species are reported.","PeriodicalId":12046,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Zoological Research","volume":"237 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76858842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abid Ali, I. Zaman, Abbas Saleem Khan, M. Yousefi, Zahid Ali, Muhammad Numan Khan
The Western tragopan (Tragopan melanocephalus) is recorded in the IUCN Red List of 2017 as a Vulnerable bird species in Pakistan. This study was conducted to investigate and resolve the conservation challenges surrounding the species in two major habitat zones - Salkhala Game Reserve and Machiara National Park. The study was arranged in May-June 2020 for the call count census. Local residents’ perceptions and a habitat suitability map were developed for the species using MaxEnt model based on previously recorded occurrence points as well as recorded in the survey. A total of 26 western Tragopans were identified by call count during the sampling period. Results of modeling habitat suitability of the Western tragopan showed that the species suitable habitats are small and patchy in Pakistan. We found that the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) with 40.6 percent contribution was the most important variable in shaping the species distribution. Our model identified some new suitable patches which can be the target of future field monitoring for finding new populations of the species. This study provides valuable information for conservation of Western tragopan a globally threatened avian flagship species in Pakistan.
{"title":"Call census, habitat suitability modeling and local communities’ perceptions for the conservation of a globally threatened avian flagship species","authors":"Abid Ali, I. Zaman, Abbas Saleem Khan, M. Yousefi, Zahid Ali, Muhammad Numan Khan","doi":"10.30564/jzr.v4i1.4226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jzr.v4i1.4226","url":null,"abstract":"The Western tragopan (Tragopan melanocephalus) is recorded in the IUCN Red List of 2017 as a Vulnerable bird species in Pakistan. This study was conducted to investigate and resolve the conservation challenges surrounding the species in two major habitat zones - Salkhala Game Reserve and Machiara National Park. The study was arranged in May-June 2020 for the call count census. Local residents’ perceptions and a habitat suitability map were developed for the species using MaxEnt model based on previously recorded occurrence points as well as recorded in the survey. A total of 26 western Tragopans were identified by call count during the sampling period. Results of modeling habitat suitability of the Western tragopan showed that the species suitable habitats are small and patchy in Pakistan. We found that the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) with 40.6 percent contribution was the most important variable in shaping the species distribution. Our model identified some new suitable patches which can be the target of future field monitoring for finding new populations of the species. This study provides valuable information for conservation of Western tragopan a globally threatened avian flagship species in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":12046,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Zoological Research","volume":"185 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80572525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In domestic animals, the body weight is the ultimate result of growth which forms the basis of meat production. Sex, nutrition, breed and health are the main factors which influence the growth rate in animals. Heredity which is the major factor affecting the prenatal growth either directly through the genotype of the fetus or indirectly through the genotype of the dam. The prenatal growth patterns and development of the camel fetus is just like the fetus of cattle, however, the meat output from the breeding shecamels is limited often due to longer gestation periods, longer milk feeding periods, lower calving rates under traditional management system. A lot of variation regarding camelid daily growth rate exists that varies widely between breeds, within breeds and regions. There is a significant effect of pre-weaning and post-weaning growth rates on the final body weights in camelids. Management system, the available milk quantity, husbandry practices and vegetative conditions are the main factors that affect the pre and post weaning growth rates of camel calves. However, it is partially dependent on the availability of browsing species throughout the whole year. In this specific study, an effort has been drawn to look into the literature data for camel growth assessment.
{"title":"Growth Assessment in Camel (Camelus dromedarius): A Meta-Analysis Study","authors":"A. Faraz","doi":"10.30564/jzr.v4i1.2273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jzr.v4i1.2273","url":null,"abstract":"In domestic animals, the body weight is the ultimate result of growth which forms the basis of meat production. Sex, nutrition, breed and health are the main factors which influence the growth rate in animals. Heredity which is the major factor affecting the prenatal growth either directly through the genotype of the fetus or indirectly through the genotype of the dam. The prenatal growth patterns and development of the camel fetus is just like the fetus of cattle, however, the meat output from the breeding shecamels is limited often due to longer gestation periods, longer milk feeding periods, lower calving rates under traditional management system. A lot of variation regarding camelid daily growth rate exists that varies widely between breeds, within breeds and regions. There is a significant effect of pre-weaning and post-weaning growth rates on the final body weights in camelids. Management system, the available milk quantity, husbandry practices and vegetative conditions are the main factors that affect the pre and post weaning growth rates of camel calves. However, it is partially dependent on the availability of browsing species throughout the whole year. In this specific study, an effort has been drawn to look into the literature data for camel growth assessment.","PeriodicalId":12046,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Zoological Research","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80781267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study reports vehicle collisions of Bufotes viridis (The green toad) in Konya province from Turkey. Our study was performed in more than fifty localities on Yunak-Akşehir highway (D-695). The records were taken in a short time; it is important and remarkable to come across a large number of dead individuals of an amphibian species in a short time. Among all recorded mortalities (n= 246), the highest value belonged to subadults (45% of the cases), followed by juveniles (35% of the cases). The lowest rate among the carcasses was belonged to the adult individuals (20% of the cases). There can be many factors that cause the road kills: These factors are grouped according to the literature under the headings of “direct causes”, “indirect causes” and “potential causes” for the road kills. In this study, we evaluated the effects of some factors for Bufotes viridis. In general, all terrestrial and semi-aquatic amphibian species, which populations are located the roadsides, suffer from road kills. Because of this situation, there is a need for both further studies and habitat restorations for amphibians.
本研究报告了土耳其科尼亚省绿蟾蜍(Bufotes viridis)的车辆碰撞。我们的研究是在yunak - ak ehir高速公路(D-695)的50多个地方进行的。记录是在很短的时间内完成的;在短时间内发现大量两栖动物的死亡个体是非常重要和值得注意的。在所有记录的死亡率(n= 246)中，最高的是亚成虫(占45%)，其次是幼虫(占35%)。成虫死亡率最低(20%)。导致道路死亡的因素有很多:这些因素根据文献的标题分为“直接原因”、“间接原因”和“潜在原因”。在本研究中，我们评估了一些因素对翠绿斑蝶的影响。一般来说，所有分布在路边的陆生和半水生两栖动物都遭受道路死亡。由于这种情况，有必要进一步研究和恢复两栖动物的栖息地。
{"title":"Road Kills of Bufotes viridis (Laurenti, 1768): A Case Study from Konya Province of Turkey","authors":"U. Bülbül, Halime Koc-Gur","doi":"10.30564/jzr.v4i1.4300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jzr.v4i1.4300","url":null,"abstract":"The present study reports vehicle collisions of Bufotes viridis (The green toad) in Konya province from Turkey. Our study was performed in more than fifty localities on Yunak-Akşehir highway (D-695). The records were taken in a short time; it is important and remarkable to come across a large number of dead individuals of an amphibian species in a short time. Among all recorded mortalities (n= 246), the highest value belonged to subadults (45% of the cases), followed by juveniles (35% of the cases). The lowest rate among the carcasses was belonged to the adult individuals (20% of the cases). There can be many factors that cause the road kills: These factors are grouped according to the literature under the headings of “direct causes”, “indirect causes” and “potential causes” for the road kills. In this study, we evaluated the effects of some factors for Bufotes viridis. In general, all terrestrial and semi-aquatic amphibian species, which populations are located the roadsides, suffer from road kills. Because of this situation, there is a need for both further studies and habitat restorations for amphibians.","PeriodicalId":12046,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Zoological Research","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86489607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sahar Roshan Ara, S. Ashrafi, Roghayeh Garmaeepour, Mohammad Zarrintab, Nariman Askaripour, Sorour Esfandeh
Climate change is one of the threats in the recent century, affecting biodiversity directly and indirectly. Modeling the patterns of species distribution is one of useful tools for predicting the impacts of climate change on endangered species. Brown bear (Ursus arctos) plays an important role as a focal species in mountainous ecosystems. This study was aims to investigate the effects of future climate changes on the distribution of this species using an ensemble modeling method in R-software. For this purpose five algorithms including MAXENT, RF, MARS, GAM, GLM and BRT were used to predict the distribution of the species in the present climatic conditions as well as in the 2050s and 2070s. The results showed that temperature and precipitation were two main factors in the distribution of brown bears in Iran. Investigating the distribution of the brown bear in the future showed that suitability of its habitat will decrease in the western and central parts and increase in the northern parts. So a shift toward higher altitude will be expected for brown bear in the future. Therefore, in this condition it is imperative to upgrade the extent of protected areas for better conservation of brown bear.
{"title":"Climate Change and Its Impact on Brown Bear Distribution in Iran","authors":"Sahar Roshan Ara, S. Ashrafi, Roghayeh Garmaeepour, Mohammad Zarrintab, Nariman Askaripour, Sorour Esfandeh","doi":"10.30564/jzr.v4i1.4159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jzr.v4i1.4159","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is one of the threats in the recent century, affecting biodiversity directly and indirectly. Modeling the patterns of species distribution is one of useful tools for predicting the impacts of climate change on endangered species. Brown bear (Ursus arctos) plays an important role as a focal species in mountainous ecosystems. This study was aims to investigate the effects of future climate changes on the distribution of this species using an ensemble modeling method in R-software. For this purpose five algorithms including MAXENT, RF, MARS, GAM, GLM and BRT were used to predict the distribution of the species in the present climatic conditions as well as in the 2050s and 2070s. The results showed that temperature and precipitation were two main factors in the distribution of brown bears in Iran. Investigating the distribution of the brown bear in the future showed that suitability of its habitat will decrease in the western and central parts and increase in the northern parts. So a shift toward higher altitude will be expected for brown bear in the future. Therefore, in this condition it is imperative to upgrade the extent of protected areas for better conservation of brown bear.","PeriodicalId":12046,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Zoological Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79584936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Viral transmission between animals and humans has been defined as Zoonosis and zooanthroponosis. The vaccine has been claimed to be the best tool to prevent viral epidemics. However, as learned from SARSCoV-2, vaccines cannot be the true answer to prevent viral infection for everyone. Some vaccinated persons are still reported to get infected. Viral mutation has been principally postulated to explain immune evasion. Questionable, why the mutated viral strain does not evade the immunity of everyone who has been vaccinated? Mutated viral strains cause various symptoms, nonsymptomatic to morbidity and mortality, in different individuals with more or less the same ratio as the original SARS-CoV-2. Approximately, 25-35% of the SARSCoV-2 detected individuals are asymptomatic, while 15- 20% developed severity and about 2-5% have critical symptoms [1,2]. Logically, the viral mutation could keep mutating in any part of its genome. The new variant might maintain infectivity in the same person and might develop to infect another person who once has not been susceptible to the original strain. Thus, the dynamics of viral infection could change from time to time. This requires a better explanation to lead us in the right direction to prevent the emergent virus either now or in the future.
{"title":"Perspectives Concerning SARS-CoV-2 Transmission for the Application of the Livestock Breeding","authors":"T. Pasharawipas","doi":"10.30564/jzr.v4i1.4264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jzr.v4i1.4264","url":null,"abstract":"Viral transmission between animals and humans has been defined as Zoonosis and zooanthroponosis. The vaccine has been claimed to be the best tool to prevent viral epidemics. However, as learned from SARSCoV-2, vaccines cannot be the true answer to prevent viral infection for everyone. Some vaccinated persons are still reported to get infected. Viral mutation has been principally postulated to explain immune evasion. Questionable, why the mutated viral strain does not evade the immunity of everyone who has been vaccinated? Mutated viral strains cause various symptoms, nonsymptomatic to morbidity and mortality, in different individuals with more or less the same ratio as the original SARS-CoV-2. Approximately, 25-35% of the SARSCoV-2 detected individuals are asymptomatic, while 15- 20% developed severity and about 2-5% have critical symptoms [1,2]. Logically, the viral mutation could keep mutating in any part of its genome. The new variant might maintain infectivity in the same person and might develop to infect another person who once has not been susceptible to the original strain. Thus, the dynamics of viral infection could change from time to time. This requires a better explanation to lead us in the right direction to prevent the emergent virus either now or in the future.","PeriodicalId":12046,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Zoological Research","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73766702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The habitats for the wild animals are shrinking due to the clearance of forests for agriculture and industrialization. The idea of wildlife conservation begins with the identification of their acceptable habitat. Since this crucial information helps in the development and maintenance of the protected areas. The requirement of habitat varies with different landscapes.The bluebull (Boselaphus tragocamelus) is Asia’s largest antelope,widespread throughout the northern Indian subcontinent. Peter Simon Pallasin (1766) described it as the only member of the genus Boselaphus.The Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972 lists it as a Schedule III animal, while the IUCN lists it as Least Concern (LC). Our goal was to design a habitat appropriateness model for blue bull so that it could reduce the conflict with farming community due to crop damage. Model will be develop using RS & GIS technique to protect the species inside the Pench Tiger Reserve (77° 55’ W to 79° 35’ E and 21° 08’ S to 22° 00’ N) the central highlands of India. The satellite data from LANDSAT-8 of 4th April 2015, Path- 144,Row- 45, with a ground resolution of 30 meters, were collected from the USGS website. This satellite image was then transferred in image format to ERDAS IMAGINE 2013 for further analysis. The data from satellites were gathered and analysed. The purpose of the field survey was to gather information about the presence of various ungulates. A ground truthing exercise was also carried out. For data processing and GIS analysis,ERDAS IMAGINE 13 and Arc GIS 10 were used. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used Factors were identified who were influencing the spatial distribution of the species for conservation planning. The linear additive model was used for HSI. The results show that 242 km2 (29.48 percent) of Pench Tiger Reserve forest was recognized to be highly suitable for bluebull, while 196 km2 (23.87 percent) was moderately suitable,231 km2 (28.14 percent) was suitable, 109 km2 (13.28 percent) was least suitable, and about 43 km2 (5.249 percent) of PTR was completely avoided by bluebull.
{"title":"Habitat Suitability Index Modelling for Bluebull (Boselaphus tragocamelus) in Pench Tiger Reserve, M.P. India","authors":"Abdul Haleem, O. Ilyas","doi":"10.30564/jzr.v3i3.3544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jzr.v3i3.3544","url":null,"abstract":"The habitats for the wild animals are shrinking due to the clearance of forests for agriculture and industrialization. The idea of wildlife conservation begins with the identification of their acceptable habitat. Since this crucial information helps in the development and maintenance of the protected areas. The requirement of habitat varies with different landscapes.The bluebull (Boselaphus tragocamelus) is Asia’s largest antelope,widespread throughout the northern Indian subcontinent. Peter Simon Pallasin (1766) described it as the only member of the genus Boselaphus.The Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972 lists it as a Schedule III animal, while the IUCN lists it as Least Concern (LC). Our goal was to design a habitat appropriateness model for blue bull so that it could reduce the conflict with farming community due to crop damage. Model will be develop using RS & GIS technique to protect the species inside the Pench Tiger Reserve (77° 55’ W to 79° 35’ E and 21° 08’ S to 22° 00’ N) the central highlands of India. The satellite data from LANDSAT-8 of 4th April 2015, Path- 144,Row- 45, with a ground resolution of 30 meters, were collected from the USGS website. This satellite image was then transferred in image format to ERDAS IMAGINE 2013 for further analysis. The data from satellites were gathered and analysed. The purpose of the field survey was to gather information about the presence of various ungulates. A ground truthing exercise was also carried out. For data processing and GIS analysis,ERDAS IMAGINE 13 and Arc GIS 10 were used. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used Factors were identified who were influencing the spatial distribution of the species for conservation planning. The linear additive model was used for HSI. The results show that 242 km2 (29.48 percent) of Pench Tiger Reserve forest was recognized to be highly suitable for bluebull, while 196 km2 (23.87 percent) was moderately suitable,231 km2 (28.14 percent) was suitable, 109 km2 (13.28 percent) was least suitable, and about 43 km2 (5.249 percent) of PTR was completely avoided by bluebull.","PeriodicalId":12046,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Zoological Research","volume":"157 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76266564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sun, H. Dou, Shichao Wei, Yaxue Fang, Z. Long, Wang Jiao, An Fuyu, Xu Jinqian, T. Xue, Huangjie Qiu, Hua Yan, Guangshun Jiang
Ecosystem engineers are organisms that alter the distribution of resources in the environment by creating, modifying, maintaining and/or destroying the habitat. They can affect the structure and function of the whole ecosystem furthermore. Burrowing engineers are an important group in ecosystem engineers as they play a critical role in soil translocation and habitat creation in various types of environment.However, few researchers have systematically summarized and analyzed the studies of burrowing engineers. We reviewing the existing ecological studies of burrowing engineer about their interaction with habitat through five directions: (1) soil turnover; (2)changing soil physicochemical properties; (3) changing plant community structure; (4) providing limited resources for commensal animals;and/or (5) affecting animal communities. The Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) is a typical example of burrowing mammals, in part (5), we focus on the interspecific relationships among burrow commensal species of Chinese pangolin. The engineering effects vary with environmental gradient, literature indicates that burrowing engineer play a stronger role in habitat transformation in the tropical and subtropical areas.The most common experiment method is comparative measurements (include different spatial and temporal scale),manipulative experiment is relatively few. We found that most of the engineering effects had positive feedback to the local ecosystem, increased plant abundance and resilience, increased biodiversity and consequently improved ecosystem functioning. With the global background of dramatic climate change and biodiversity loss in recent decades, we recommend future studies should improving knowledge of long-term engineering effects on population scale and landscape scale, exploring ecological cascades through trophic and engineering pathways, to better understand the attribute of the burrowing behavior of engineers to restore ecosystems and habitat creation. The review is presented as an aid to systematically expound the engineering effect of burrowing animals in the ecosystem, and provided new ideas and advice for planning and implementing conservation management.
{"title":"A Review of the Engineering Role of Burrowing Animals: Implication of Chinese Pangolin as an Ecosystem Engineer","authors":"S. Sun, H. Dou, Shichao Wei, Yaxue Fang, Z. Long, Wang Jiao, An Fuyu, Xu Jinqian, T. Xue, Huangjie Qiu, Hua Yan, Guangshun Jiang","doi":"10.30564/jzr.v3i3.3102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jzr.v3i3.3102","url":null,"abstract":"Ecosystem engineers are organisms that alter the distribution of resources in the environment by creating, modifying, maintaining and/or destroying the habitat. They can affect the structure and function of the whole ecosystem furthermore. Burrowing engineers are an important group in ecosystem engineers as they play a critical role in soil translocation and habitat creation in various types of environment.However, few researchers have systematically summarized and analyzed the studies of burrowing engineers. We reviewing the existing ecological studies of burrowing engineer about their interaction with habitat through five directions: (1) soil turnover; (2)changing soil physicochemical properties; (3) changing plant community structure; (4) providing limited resources for commensal animals;and/or (5) affecting animal communities. The Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) is a typical example of burrowing mammals, in part (5), we focus on the interspecific relationships among burrow commensal species of Chinese pangolin. The engineering effects vary with environmental gradient, literature indicates that burrowing engineer play a stronger role in habitat transformation in the tropical and subtropical areas.The most common experiment method is comparative measurements (include different spatial and temporal scale),manipulative experiment is relatively few. We found that most of the engineering effects had positive feedback to the local ecosystem, increased plant abundance and resilience, increased biodiversity and consequently improved ecosystem functioning. With the global background of dramatic climate change and biodiversity loss in recent decades, we recommend future studies should improving knowledge of long-term engineering effects on population scale and landscape scale, exploring ecological cascades through trophic and engineering pathways, to better understand the attribute of the burrowing behavior of engineers to restore ecosystems and habitat creation. The review is presented as an aid to systematically expound the engineering effect of burrowing animals in the ecosystem, and provided new ideas and advice for planning and implementing conservation management.","PeriodicalId":12046,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Zoological Research","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73922662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akombo, Pauline Mbakaan, Atile, John Iornyiman, Shima, Judith Nguvan
The growth parameters and mortalities of five species of Synodontis in the lower river Benue at Makurdi, Benue State were studied from January,2016 to December, 2018. The asymptotic length (L∞) calculated for the five species ranged from 18.80cm in S.clarias females to 37.04cm in S.membranaceus females. The t0 values were all negative in the combined sexes of S.clarias, S.omias, S.gambiensis and S.membranaceus. In both combined sexes of S.membranaceus and S.schall, the t0 values were positive. The growth rate (K) was low in S.clarias and S.omias (0.301- 0.497, 0.171 - 0.310) respectively and higher in S.membranaceus (0.310 - 0.640), S.schall females (0.430 - 0.580); S.schall males (0.573),S.gambiensis (0.500 - 0.571). Growth performance index (Ø’) was 2.212 in S.gambiensis and 2.946 in S.schall combined. Natural Mortality (M) ranged from 0.5422 in S.omias females to 1.3340 in S.membranaceus males. Fishing Mortality (F) was 0.8214 in S.omias combined and 3.0934 in S.membranaceus females. Total mortality (Z) ranged from 1.52 in S.omias combined to 4.078 in S.membranaceus combined. Mean Exploitation (E) ratios was 0.61 in S.clarias, 0.64 in S.omias, 0.53 in S.gambiences, 0.70 in S.membranaceus, and 0.66 in S.schall. The rate at which these species survived in the River was low (from 0.147, in S.omias combined, to 1.482 in S.membranaceus combined).
{"title":"The Growth Parameters and Mortalities of Five Species of Synodonits in the Lower River Benue at Makurdi","authors":"Akombo, Pauline Mbakaan, Atile, John Iornyiman, Shima, Judith Nguvan","doi":"10.30564/jzr.v3i3.3408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jzr.v3i3.3408","url":null,"abstract":"The growth parameters and mortalities of five species of Synodontis in the lower river Benue at Makurdi, Benue State were studied from January,2016 to December, 2018. The asymptotic length (L∞) calculated for the five species ranged from 18.80cm in S.clarias females to 37.04cm in S.membranaceus females. The t0 values were all negative in the combined sexes of S.clarias, S.omias, S.gambiensis and S.membranaceus. In both combined sexes of S.membranaceus and S.schall, the t0 values were positive. The growth rate (K) was low in S.clarias and S.omias (0.301- 0.497, 0.171 - 0.310) respectively and higher in S.membranaceus (0.310 - 0.640), S.schall females (0.430 - 0.580); S.schall males (0.573),S.gambiensis (0.500 - 0.571). Growth performance index (Ø’) was 2.212 in S.gambiensis and 2.946 in S.schall combined. Natural Mortality (M) ranged from 0.5422 in S.omias females to 1.3340 in S.membranaceus males. Fishing Mortality (F) was 0.8214 in S.omias combined and 3.0934 in S.membranaceus females. Total mortality (Z) ranged from 1.52 in S.omias combined to 4.078 in S.membranaceus combined. Mean Exploitation (E) ratios was 0.61 in S.clarias, 0.64 in S.omias, 0.53 in S.gambiences, 0.70 in S.membranaceus, and 0.66 in S.schall. The rate at which these species survived in the River was low (from 0.147, in S.omias combined, to 1.482 in S.membranaceus combined).","PeriodicalId":12046,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Zoological Research","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74314866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：