V. Buko, E. Belonovskaya, T. Kavalenia, T. Ilyich, S. Kirko, I. Kuzmitskaya, V. Moroz, E. Lapshina, A. Romanchuk, I. Zavodnik
Abstract Aim The liver is the main target for alcohol-induced injury. The aims of this work were to carry out further research into the mechanisms of liver damage induced by long-term administration of high-dose ethanol to rats and to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of red cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra) anthocyanins (RCE). Material/Methods Male albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 was the control. Groups 2 through 4 received ethanol (4 g/kg body weight, 8 weeks). Group 3 received 11 mg RCE/kg and Group 4 received 22 mg RCE/kg. Dry lyophilised RCE was prepared from fresh red cabbage and analysed. We then evaluated the liver histology, mitochondrial respiration, and biochemical and immunological parameters in these groups of rats. Results The rat intoxication caused steatohepatitis characterised by macro- and microvesicular steatosis, ballooning and fatty liver dystrophies, lymphocytic infiltration, neutral lipid accumulation, and elevations of the serum activities of the liver injury marker enzymes. The treatment of alcohol-administered rats with RCE (mainly, cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside, cyanidin-3-coumaroylrutinoside-5-hexoside, cyanidin-3-feruloylrutinoside-5-hexoside, delphinidin-3-feruloylrutinoside-hexoside) dose-dependently alleviated these pathological changes: The sizes of hepatocyte lipid vacuoles and the inflammatory signs were decreased, and the levels of the rat serum biochemical markers of liver injury, proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6, and the adipokine leptin (and not TGFβ) were significantly reversed. The RCE administration during intoxication completely recovered the changed liver mitochondria respiration rates and the ADP/O coefficient, as well as the phagocytic index and neutrophil metabolic activity in the blood. In experiments in vitro, RCE (13.6 μg/ml) modulated the respiratory parameters of isolated rat liver mitochondria, dissipated mitochondrial membrane potential, and inhibited the Ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition. Conclusion The red cabbage anthocyanins could be useful for treatment of alcoholic liver injury due to their Ca2+-ionophoric/protonophoric activity, influence on Ca2+ homeostasis, and improving mitochondrial functions and inflammatory status.
{"title":"Anthocyanin-Rich Extract of Red Cabbage Attenuates Advanced Alcohol Hepatotoxicity in Rats in Association with Mitochondrial Activity Modulation","authors":"V. Buko, E. Belonovskaya, T. Kavalenia, T. Ilyich, S. Kirko, I. Kuzmitskaya, V. Moroz, E. Lapshina, A. Romanchuk, I. Zavodnik","doi":"10.2478/afpuc-2022-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/afpuc-2022-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aim The liver is the main target for alcohol-induced injury. The aims of this work were to carry out further research into the mechanisms of liver damage induced by long-term administration of high-dose ethanol to rats and to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of red cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra) anthocyanins (RCE). Material/Methods Male albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 was the control. Groups 2 through 4 received ethanol (4 g/kg body weight, 8 weeks). Group 3 received 11 mg RCE/kg and Group 4 received 22 mg RCE/kg. Dry lyophilised RCE was prepared from fresh red cabbage and analysed. We then evaluated the liver histology, mitochondrial respiration, and biochemical and immunological parameters in these groups of rats. Results The rat intoxication caused steatohepatitis characterised by macro- and microvesicular steatosis, ballooning and fatty liver dystrophies, lymphocytic infiltration, neutral lipid accumulation, and elevations of the serum activities of the liver injury marker enzymes. The treatment of alcohol-administered rats with RCE (mainly, cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside, cyanidin-3-coumaroylrutinoside-5-hexoside, cyanidin-3-feruloylrutinoside-5-hexoside, delphinidin-3-feruloylrutinoside-hexoside) dose-dependently alleviated these pathological changes: The sizes of hepatocyte lipid vacuoles and the inflammatory signs were decreased, and the levels of the rat serum biochemical markers of liver injury, proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6, and the adipokine leptin (and not TGFβ) were significantly reversed. The RCE administration during intoxication completely recovered the changed liver mitochondria respiration rates and the ADP/O coefficient, as well as the phagocytic index and neutrophil metabolic activity in the blood. In experiments in vitro, RCE (13.6 μg/ml) modulated the respiratory parameters of isolated rat liver mitochondria, dissipated mitochondrial membrane potential, and inhibited the Ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition. Conclusion The red cabbage anthocyanins could be useful for treatment of alcoholic liver injury due to their Ca2+-ionophoric/protonophoric activity, influence on Ca2+ homeostasis, and improving mitochondrial functions and inflammatory status.","PeriodicalId":12070,"journal":{"name":"European Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44765528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Aim Benzaldehyde occurs in a number of plants, especially in the family Rosaceae and in particular in the genus Prunus. In nature, there are more than 100 genera and 3,000 species in the Rosaceae family. The objective of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of leaf essential oil of peach (Prunus persica L.) and cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus L.) as a new potential source of natural benzaldehyde. Methods The essential oil was prepared by hydrodistillation, and chemical constituents were determined by GC-FID, GC-MS and chromatographic profiles were compared with each other. Results The results show that essential oil obtained from peach and cherry laurel leaves appear to be a promising source of natural benzaldehyde. Under laboratory conditions the benzaldehyde content in peach and cherry laurel leaves reached 95.5% and 99.7%, respectively. Conclusions Laboratory and pilot experiments confirmed that by processing of 200–300 kg of green leaves of various species of the genus Prunus, especially peach and cherry laurel, 1 kg of benzaldehyde can be obtained.
{"title":"The Use of Enzyme Systems of the Genus Prunus for the Production of Benzaldehyde","authors":"P. Dočolomanský, V. Sitkey, I. Čičová","doi":"10.2478/afpuc-2022-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/afpuc-2022-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aim Benzaldehyde occurs in a number of plants, especially in the family Rosaceae and in particular in the genus Prunus. In nature, there are more than 100 genera and 3,000 species in the Rosaceae family. The objective of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of leaf essential oil of peach (Prunus persica L.) and cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus L.) as a new potential source of natural benzaldehyde. Methods The essential oil was prepared by hydrodistillation, and chemical constituents were determined by GC-FID, GC-MS and chromatographic profiles were compared with each other. Results The results show that essential oil obtained from peach and cherry laurel leaves appear to be a promising source of natural benzaldehyde. Under laboratory conditions the benzaldehyde content in peach and cherry laurel leaves reached 95.5% and 99.7%, respectively. Conclusions Laboratory and pilot experiments confirmed that by processing of 200–300 kg of green leaves of various species of the genus Prunus, especially peach and cherry laurel, 1 kg of benzaldehyde can be obtained.","PeriodicalId":12070,"journal":{"name":"European Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49453695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michaela Benešová, M. Krivošík, S. Kosirova, T. Foltanova
Abstract We performed a retrospective analysis of 100 patients with ischaemic stroke. All patients underwent intravenous thrombolysis in the acute care setting (avg. 2.8 hours, max 4.5 hours) and 10 of them also underwent mechanical thrombectomy. For 20% of the patients, the stroke was fatal. Door to needle time was 38.46 minutes. Although changes in antithrombotic treatment were introduced due to strokes, there was no significant difference in National Institute of Health Stroke Scale scores between the patients who were on antithrombotic treatment and those who were on no antithrombotic treatment.
{"title":"Secondary prevention of patients with ischaemic stroke after recanalization treatment","authors":"Michaela Benešová, M. Krivošík, S. Kosirova, T. Foltanova","doi":"10.2478/afpuc-2022-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/afpuc-2022-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We performed a retrospective analysis of 100 patients with ischaemic stroke. All patients underwent intravenous thrombolysis in the acute care setting (avg. 2.8 hours, max 4.5 hours) and 10 of them also underwent mechanical thrombectomy. For 20% of the patients, the stroke was fatal. Door to needle time was 38.46 minutes. Although changes in antithrombotic treatment were introduced due to strokes, there was no significant difference in National Institute of Health Stroke Scale scores between the patients who were on antithrombotic treatment and those who were on no antithrombotic treatment.","PeriodicalId":12070,"journal":{"name":"European Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41406377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Romanova, E. Kornanova, A. Garafová, M. Borovský, D. Jezova
Abstract A strongly psychosocially demanding situation in the life of a woman is the option of medically indicated abortion. Here we present the design of an ongoing study aiming to examine the stressfulness of life events related to medically indicated abortions by measuring cortisol concentrations in the participants’ hair and saliva. Pilot results show high salivary cortisol concentrations in the majority of the women one day before induced abortion. In half of the group, two months after the abortion, hair cortisol concentrations were higher in comparison to cumulative values from two months before. There were no changes in the second half.
{"title":"Endocrine changes in women with a medically indicated abortion: the study design","authors":"Z. Romanova, E. Kornanova, A. Garafová, M. Borovský, D. Jezova","doi":"10.2478/afpuc-2022-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/afpuc-2022-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A strongly psychosocially demanding situation in the life of a woman is the option of medically indicated abortion. Here we present the design of an ongoing study aiming to examine the stressfulness of life events related to medically indicated abortions by measuring cortisol concentrations in the participants’ hair and saliva. Pilot results show high salivary cortisol concentrations in the majority of the women one day before induced abortion. In half of the group, two months after the abortion, hair cortisol concentrations were higher in comparison to cumulative values from two months before. There were no changes in the second half.","PeriodicalId":12070,"journal":{"name":"European Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46940812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular Tumour Boards and Precision Medicine in Czech Oncology Centres","authors":"","doi":"10.2478/afpuc-2022-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/afpuc-2022-0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12070,"journal":{"name":"European Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42322269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mykhailo Huniadi, S. Salanci, Jan Sykora, S. Kurhajec, M. Šarišský
Abstract SAP and EAT-2 are intracellular adaptor proteins that link SLAMF receptors to downstream intracellular signalling pathways. Their expression and functions vary among different types of hematopoietic cells. The roles of SAP and EAT-2 in haematological malignancies are poorly understood. Here, we attempted to optimise a method for the detection of intracellular SAP and EAT-2 by flow cytometry. We found that using PerFix EXPOSE kit for cell fixation and permeabilization ensures optimal results in terms of staining intensity and signal-to-noise ratio.
{"title":"Optimisation of flow cytometric detection of intracellular SLAMF receptor-associated adaptor proteins SAP and EAT-2","authors":"Mykhailo Huniadi, S. Salanci, Jan Sykora, S. Kurhajec, M. Šarišský","doi":"10.2478/afpuc-2022-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/afpuc-2022-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract SAP and EAT-2 are intracellular adaptor proteins that link SLAMF receptors to downstream intracellular signalling pathways. Their expression and functions vary among different types of hematopoietic cells. The roles of SAP and EAT-2 in haematological malignancies are poorly understood. Here, we attempted to optimise a method for the detection of intracellular SAP and EAT-2 by flow cytometry. We found that using PerFix EXPOSE kit for cell fixation and permeabilization ensures optimal results in terms of staining intensity and signal-to-noise ratio.","PeriodicalId":12070,"journal":{"name":"European Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44873843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Autoimmune adverse effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are rare but may be life-threatening. We performed a retrospective analysis of the immune-related adverse effects (irAEs) of ICIs in the Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute (MMCI) from 2011 to 2021. The ICIs were administered to 648 patients. Severe irAEs were pronounced in 83 patients (12.8 %). Further, we report a case of severe irAE after treatment with ipilimumab and nivolumab. Prednisone, mesalazine, octreotide, infliximab, vedolizumab, and mycophenolate mofetil were used to manage G4 colitis, with partial response. Early diagnosis and appropriate management of irAE are essential in the perspective of further oncological treatment.
{"title":"Immune-Mediated Adverse Effects of Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Clinical Experience","authors":"J. Juřica, R. Goněc, Adéla Bartova, J. Gregorová","doi":"10.2478/afpuc-2022-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/afpuc-2022-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Autoimmune adverse effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are rare but may be life-threatening. We performed a retrospective analysis of the immune-related adverse effects (irAEs) of ICIs in the Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute (MMCI) from 2011 to 2021. The ICIs were administered to 648 patients. Severe irAEs were pronounced in 83 patients (12.8 %). Further, we report a case of severe irAE after treatment with ipilimumab and nivolumab. Prednisone, mesalazine, octreotide, infliximab, vedolizumab, and mycophenolate mofetil were used to manage G4 colitis, with partial response. Early diagnosis and appropriate management of irAE are essential in the perspective of further oncological treatment.","PeriodicalId":12070,"journal":{"name":"European Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46330388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A positive association between anemia and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality independent of age, gender, and history of cardiovascular diseases has been confirmed. Disturbed iron metabolism might also play a role in the prognosis of patients with COVID-19. Moreover, alterations of iron homeostasis can persist long after COVID-19 onset and could be associated with impaired physical performance. We aimed to evaluate the levels of parameters associated with iron metabolism in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 during a 1-week period. In our study, 53 patients were included and they were further divided into two groups according to the outcome: positive (recovery and discharge from hospital) or negative (aggravation, exitus, or both). Their blood samples were collected on Days 1, 3, and 7 during hospitalization and basic laboratory analyses were performed, including measurement of iron metabolism parameters. All patients had pathologically increased plasmatic levels of ferritin and decreased levels of transferrin during the whole observation period. We have not found any correlation between levels of these markers and patients' prognosis. However, levels of ferritin significantly decreased and levels of transferrin significantly increased on the seventh day only in patients with a positive outcome. Further studies with a longer observation period are warranted to evaluate the period needed for reestablishment of iron homeostasis. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Acta Facultatis Pharmaceuticae Universitatis Comenianae is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
{"title":"Effects of Anethum Graveolens Ethanolic Extract on T3, T4, and Tsh Levels in a Hyperthyroid Rat Model","authors":"","doi":"10.2478/afpuc-2022-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/afpuc-2022-0009","url":null,"abstract":"A positive association between anemia and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality independent of age, gender, and history of cardiovascular diseases has been confirmed. Disturbed iron metabolism might also play a role in the prognosis of patients with COVID-19. Moreover, alterations of iron homeostasis can persist long after COVID-19 onset and could be associated with impaired physical performance. We aimed to evaluate the levels of parameters associated with iron metabolism in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 during a 1-week period. In our study, 53 patients were included and they were further divided into two groups according to the outcome: positive (recovery and discharge from hospital) or negative (aggravation, exitus, or both). Their blood samples were collected on Days 1, 3, and 7 during hospitalization and basic laboratory analyses were performed, including measurement of iron metabolism parameters. All patients had pathologically increased plasmatic levels of ferritin and decreased levels of transferrin during the whole observation period. We have not found any correlation between levels of these markers and patients' prognosis. However, levels of ferritin significantly decreased and levels of transferrin significantly increased on the seventh day only in patients with a positive outcome. Further studies with a longer observation period are warranted to evaluate the period needed for reestablishment of iron homeostasis. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Acta Facultatis Pharmaceuticae Universitatis Comenianae is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)","PeriodicalId":12070,"journal":{"name":"European Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44488858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Yasenyavskaya, M. Samotrueva, N. Myasoedov, L. Andreeva
Abstract This study is devoted to the experimental study of the immunocorrecting action of Semax (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro) and Selank (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro) on the model of “social” stress formed as a result of sensory contact and inter-confrontation. Functional activity of the immune system of laboratory animals was assessed on the basis of standard immunopharmacological tests: delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction (DTH), direct agglutination test (DAT), latex test for studying the phagocytic activity of peripheral blood neutrophils, and evaluation of changes in the leukocyte formula. As a result of the experiment, it was found that, under the influence of “social” stress, changes in the immune response are multidirectional, which confirms the theory of “immune disbalance” under the action of stressors. As a result of studying the influence of Semax and Selank on the model of “social” stress, it was found that the drug proved to be an effective corrector, restoring the cellular and humoral immunogenesis reactions, the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, which indicates the presence of immunomodulating properties, and emphasizes the need for further studies in this scientific direction. This study expands the scientific research base in the field of immunoreaction under stress-induced conditions with the aim of further developing a pharmacological strategy for correcting the revealed disorders by means of substances of a neuropeptide structure.
{"title":"The experimental study of the immunomodulating action of Semax and Selank on the model of „social” stress","authors":"A. Yasenyavskaya, M. Samotrueva, N. Myasoedov, L. Andreeva","doi":"10.2478/afpuc-2022-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/afpuc-2022-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study is devoted to the experimental study of the immunocorrecting action of Semax (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro) and Selank (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro) on the model of “social” stress formed as a result of sensory contact and inter-confrontation. Functional activity of the immune system of laboratory animals was assessed on the basis of standard immunopharmacological tests: delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction (DTH), direct agglutination test (DAT), latex test for studying the phagocytic activity of peripheral blood neutrophils, and evaluation of changes in the leukocyte formula. As a result of the experiment, it was found that, under the influence of “social” stress, changes in the immune response are multidirectional, which confirms the theory of “immune disbalance” under the action of stressors. As a result of studying the influence of Semax and Selank on the model of “social” stress, it was found that the drug proved to be an effective corrector, restoring the cellular and humoral immunogenesis reactions, the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, which indicates the presence of immunomodulating properties, and emphasizes the need for further studies in this scientific direction. This study expands the scientific research base in the field of immunoreaction under stress-induced conditions with the aim of further developing a pharmacological strategy for correcting the revealed disorders by means of substances of a neuropeptide structure.","PeriodicalId":12070,"journal":{"name":"European Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45093762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kosirova, D. Rubintova, J. Lacka, J. Klimas, T. Foltanova, I. Tůmová
Abstract AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 according to gender. METHODS The monitoring was designed as a retrospective analysis of data obtained from the documentation of the diabetic outpatients treated with the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4is) or sodium–glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2). Cardiovascular risk was assessed according to UKPDS risk engine. RESULTS The levels of HbA1c decreased throughout the whole study. Sixty per cent of patients achieved an HbA1c level <8% after 18 months. Both men and women had similar glycaemic compensation. Men had a significantly higher risk of fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) (p < 0.001), stroke (p < 0.01) and fatal stroke (p < 0.01) compared to women. We found the risk of fatal CHD to be 38-fold higher in men compared to women (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Potential cardiovascular effects of antidiabetic treatment should be clearly defined with possible different effects according to gender. We found a much higher risk in men than women, even when their glycaemic compensation was comparable.
{"title":"The Evaluation of Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetic Patients","authors":"S. Kosirova, D. Rubintova, J. Lacka, J. Klimas, T. Foltanova, I. Tůmová","doi":"10.2478/afpuc-2022-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/afpuc-2022-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 according to gender. METHODS The monitoring was designed as a retrospective analysis of data obtained from the documentation of the diabetic outpatients treated with the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4is) or sodium–glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2). Cardiovascular risk was assessed according to UKPDS risk engine. RESULTS The levels of HbA1c decreased throughout the whole study. Sixty per cent of patients achieved an HbA1c level <8% after 18 months. Both men and women had similar glycaemic compensation. Men had a significantly higher risk of fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) (p < 0.001), stroke (p < 0.01) and fatal stroke (p < 0.01) compared to women. We found the risk of fatal CHD to be 38-fold higher in men compared to women (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Potential cardiovascular effects of antidiabetic treatment should be clearly defined with possible different effects according to gender. We found a much higher risk in men than women, even when their glycaemic compensation was comparable.","PeriodicalId":12070,"journal":{"name":"European Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45888474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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