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VIRTUAL CT COLONOSCOPY: METHODOLOGY FOR CONDUCTING RESEARCH AND INTERPRETATION 虚拟ct结肠镜检查:进行研究和解释的方法学
Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.52340/jecm.2021.552
I. Tandilava, O. Urushadze, D. Tsetskhladze, Irakli Avazashvili, G. Tsetskhladze, M. Phutkaradze, E. Diasamidze
Virtual CT colonoscopy is an accurate, highly informative, and less invasive method of examining the colon. The predominant and additional positive ability of virtual CT colonoscopy is the ability to detect non-intestinal pathologies. Based on the high sensitivity and specificity of the method to the developmental abnormalities of the colon, diverticula, polyps, cancer and other volumetric formations, we can conclude that virtual CT colonoscopy is one of the main methods of diagnosis and screening for diseases of the colon.
虚拟CT结肠镜检查是一种准确、信息量大、侵入性小的结肠检查方法。虚拟CT结肠镜检查的主要和额外的积极能力是检测非肠道病变的能力。基于该方法对结肠、憩室、息肉、癌等体积形成的发育异常的高敏感性和特异性,我们可以得出结论,虚拟CT结肠镜检查是结肠疾病诊断和筛查的主要方法之一。
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引用次数: 0
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY OF THE LIVER FUNCTION TEST WITHIN POST-TRANSPLANT PATIENTS 肝移植后患者肝功能检测研究的意义
Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.52340/jecm.2021.556
M. Nakashidze, Z. Chikhladze, David Kobuladze, David Beridze
In recent years, the survival rate of patients after liver transplantation (LT) has improved significantly. However, successful transplantation is directly related to the proper management of the patient after surgery, including considering essential aspects based on the results of laboratory tests. Therefore, it is essential to study the laboratory characteristics to investigate the functional state of the liver. In the present study, we investigated the indicators of liver function in postoperative patients: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin, total bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). Venous blood samples were used for investigation. A total of 10 post-transplant patients were studied. Appropriate research methods were used. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Overall, our results have shown that intensive examinations of the liver panel in postoperative patients significantly contribute to the proper management of the complicated patient, which directly impacts the final results. Notably, the variability of GGT and ALP may be directly related to the transplanted chronic immune response of the liver and may be used as an early marker for the diagnosis of biliary complications.
近年来,肝移植术后患者的生存率有了明显的提高。然而,成功的移植与术后患者的适当管理直接相关,包括根据实验室检查结果考虑基本方面。因此,研究肝脏功能状态的实验室特征是非常必要的。本研究研究了术后患者肝功能指标:丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、白蛋白、总胆红素、γ -谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)。采用静脉血进行调查。研究共10例移植后患者。采用了适当的研究方法。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。总之,我们的研究结果表明,术后患者肝脏面板的强化检查对复杂患者的正确管理有重要作用,直接影响最终结果。值得注意的是,GGT和ALP的变异性可能与肝脏移植的慢性免疫反应直接相关,并可能作为诊断胆道并发症的早期标志。
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引用次数: 0
BOTULINUM TOXIN EFFECTIVENESS IN PRIMARY HYPERHIDROSIS PATIENTS 肉毒杆菌毒素治疗原发性多汗症的疗效
Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.52340/jecm.2021.563
Tinatin Ghibradze, T. Kituashvili, M. Lomidze
Hyperhidrosis represents pathology of eccrine sweat glands and is manifested by the skin excessive sweating. For patients, living along with hyperhidrosis represents a big challenge, which has a significant impact on numerous aspects of everyday life, as well as on the social and professional lifestyle and psycho-emotional health.
多汗症是内分泌汗腺的病理表现,表现为皮肤出汗过多。对于患者来说,与多汗症一起生活是一个巨大的挑战,它对日常生活的许多方面都有重大影响,对社会和职业生活方式以及心理情绪健康也有重大影响。
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引用次数: 0
NEGATIVE/DELETERIOUS EFFECTS OF FASHION ON HEALTH 时尚对健康的负面/有害影响
Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.52340/jecm.2021.554
Afa Ansari, Prerna Thakur, T. Peshkova, S. Beridze, S. Glonti, I. Nakashidze, R. Vadachkoria
People are surrounded with unrealistic images that are altered and manipulated to appear "perfect" and when they compare themselves with such images, they develop feelings of Self-doubt and believe they should change certain physical aspects to be considered attractive. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the influence of unrealistic beauty standards set up by the Fashion industry and its effects on a person's physical and mental Wellbeing. We conducted a survey questionnaire targeted at approximately 224 young adults with a mean age of 20-30 years. As a result, 95.6% of our survey respondents agreed that the fashion industry has set up unrealistic beauty standards that deleteriously affect a person's general health and Wellbeing.
人们被不现实的图像包围着,这些图像被改变和操纵以显得“完美”,当他们与这些图像进行比较时,他们会产生自我怀疑的感觉,并认为他们应该改变某些身体方面以被认为是有吸引力的。因此,我们旨在评估时尚行业制定的不切实际的美丽标准的影响及其对人的身心健康的影响。我们对大约224名平均年龄在20-30岁的年轻人进行了问卷调查。因此,95.6%的受访者认为,时尚界建立了不切实际的美丽标准,对一个人的整体健康和幸福产生了有害影响。
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引用次数: 0
PROBLEMATIC ISSUES IN THE EVALUATION OF MOLECULAR CHARACTERISTICS AND POTENTIAL NEOPLASTIC TRANSFORMATION OF CERVICAL METAPLASIA 宫颈化生的分子特征及潜在肿瘤转化评价中的问题
Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.52340/jecm.2021.558
T. Svanadze, M. Gachechiladze, G. Burkadze
Metaplasia represents the replacement of one differentiated cell type with another differentiated cell type, which is frequently seen in uterine cervix, particularly in endocervical epithelium. There are many different types of metaplasia in endocervix. It is suggested that metaplasia represents the fertile soil for the development of neoplasia. However, which cases of metaplasia transform into neoplasia, which type of metaplasia is more realted to neoplastic transformation or if there are some molecular markers which can predict the potential of neoplastic transformation, are nowadays less known. Current review represents the critical discussion of the available literature with regards to the evaluation of molecular markers and the potential of neoplastic transformation in cervical metaplasia.
化生是指一种分化细胞类型被另一种分化细胞类型所取代,常见于宫颈,尤其是宫颈内上皮。宫颈内有许多不同类型的化生。提示化生是瘤变发生的肥沃土壤。然而,对于哪些化生转化为瘤变,哪种类型的化生与肿瘤转化的关系更大,或者是否有一些分子标记可以预测肿瘤转化的潜力,目前还知之甚少。目前的综述是对现有文献关于分子标记的评价和宫颈化生中肿瘤转化的潜力的批判性讨论。
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引用次数: 1
PROBLEMATIC ISSUES IN THE EVALUATION OF PHENOTYPIC PROGNOSTIC MARKERS IN OVARIAN GERM-CELL TUMORS 卵巢生殖细胞肿瘤表型预后标志物评估中的问题
Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.52340/jecm.2021.550
Nino Tavdgiridze, G. Tevdorashvili, G. Burkadze
Ovarian germ-cell tumors represent about 15-20% of all ovarian tumors. They are characterised with high histological and clinical heterogeneity. Ovarian germ-cell tumors can be both benign and malignant. Nowadays, the prognostic markers of ovarian germ-cell tumors are less studied. In particular, there is only limited information about the phenotypic determinants of the malignant transformation of benign germ-cell tumors, as well as lack of information about the relapse development after treatment of malignant germ-cell tumors. In presented review article, the detailed cahracteristics of ovarian germ-cell tumors and the problematic issues in the determination of their prognostic features are discussed.
卵巢生殖细胞肿瘤约占所有卵巢肿瘤的15-20%。它们具有高度的组织学和临床异质性。卵巢生殖细胞瘤可分为良性和恶性。目前,对卵巢生殖细胞肿瘤的预后指标研究较少。特别是,关于良性生殖细胞肿瘤恶性转化的表型决定因素的信息有限,以及关于恶性生殖细胞肿瘤治疗后复发发展的信息缺乏。本文就卵巢生殖细胞肿瘤的具体特点及其预后判断中存在的问题进行综述。
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引用次数: 0
CONDITION OF THE ORAL CAVITY OF SOCIALLY VULNERABLE CHILDREN LIVING IN BATUMI 居住在巴统的社会弱势儿童的口腔状况
Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.52340/jecm.2021.559
S. Davitadze, Qetevan Franchuk, Z. Chomakhashvili, M. Phutkaradze, N. Zosidze, Ruslan Bolkvadze, Demur Jincharadze
Based on all discussed, we can clearly indicate that in the city of Batumi, the oral - health of children, coming from socially vulnerable families, are not satisfactory, which at the later stage leads to several diseases. The reasons behind this development are the followings: the low educational rate and non-accessibility to dental and financial assistance services. Recommendations for overcoming this problem include: 1. Increasing accessibility to dental services; 2. Providing high quality medical services, in general; 3. Establishing State - Private cooperation model.
根据所讨论的一切,我们可以清楚地指出,在巴统市,来自社会弱势家庭的儿童的口腔健康不令人满意,这在后期会导致几种疾病。造成这种发展的原因如下:受教育率低,无法获得牙科和财政援助服务。克服这个问题的建议包括:1。增加获得牙科服务的机会;2. 总体上提供高质量的医疗服务;3.建立公私合作模式。
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引用次数: 0
BILIARY COMPLICATIONS AFTER ORTHOPEDIC LIVER TRANSPLANTATION (LITERATURE REVIEW) 骨科肝移植术后胆道并发症(文献复习)
Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.52340/JECMJ.2021.377
Ruslan Bolkvadze, K. Kashibadze, Alexander Tsalughelashvili, Z. Chomakhashvili, O. Tsetskhladze, Giorgi Zhghenti, N. Zosidze, Demur Jintcharadze
Since 1967, liver transplantation has been considered to be a standard surgical intervention in patients with terminal stage of liver disease, orthopedic liver transplantation is characterized by a number of complications, which can be fatal for the patient. One of the most important post-transplant complications of the liver is biliary complications - the so-called Achilles tendon for liver transplantation. The article discusses current issues in the treatment, diagnosis and prevention of biliary complications, which will allow us to treat patients with these incurable complications more quickly and effectively.
自1967年以来,肝移植一直被认为是终末期肝病患者的标准手术干预措施,骨科肝移植的特点是许多并发症,对患者来说可能是致命的。肝脏移植后最重要的并发症之一是胆道并发症——肝移植中所谓的跟腱。本文讨论了目前胆道并发症的治疗、诊断和预防方面的问题,使我们能够更快、更有效地治疗这些无法治愈的并发症。
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引用次数: 0
BEHAVIORAL SLEEP PROBLEMS IN CHILDREN (BEHAVIORAL INSOMNIA) AND EFFECTIVE METHODS OF THEIR MANAGEMENT 儿童行为性睡眠问题(行为性失眠)及其有效管理方法
Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.52340/JECMJ.2021.389
G. Arveladze, Teimuraz Mikeladze
Sleep problems with behavioral origins occur in 20 to 30 percent of children and are especially common in children with medical, neurodevelopmental, or psychiatric disorders. Insomnia related to learned sleep onset associations is most common in infants and toddlers and is characterized by prolonged night waking, requiring parental intervention to restore sleep. It occurs when the child learns to associate falling asleep with specific experiences, such as being rocked or fed. Insomnia related to inadequate limit-setting is a disorder most common in children who are preschool-aged and older and is characterized by active resistance, verbal protests, and repeated demands at bedtime. Guidance to parents about healthy sleep practices helps to prevent sleep problems and is also an important first step in treatment. An integral part of the bedtime routine is the institution of a bedtime and sleep schedule that ensures a developmentally appropriate amount of sleep. A consistent nightly bedtime will help to set the circadian clock and enable the child to fall asleep more easily. Treatment of primary insomnia in older children and adolescents usually involves behavioral interventions that resemble those used in adults. Establishing a consistent sleep schedule is also important for older children and adolescents for whom poor sleep hygiene is a common cause of sleep problems. Pharmacologic therapy for the treatment of childhood insomnia is not a first-line treatment and should always be combined with behavioral therapy.
20%到30%的儿童会出现与行为有关的睡眠问题,在患有医学、神经发育或精神疾病的儿童中尤为常见。与习得性睡眠相关的失眠症在婴幼儿中最为常见,其特点是夜间长时间清醒,需要父母干预才能恢复睡眠。当孩子学会将入睡与特定的经历联系起来时,就会发生这种情况,比如被摇晃或喂食。与限制设置不足有关的失眠是学龄前及以上儿童最常见的一种障碍,其特征是积极抵抗、言语抗议和睡前反复要求。指导父母健康的睡眠习惯有助于预防睡眠问题,也是治疗的重要第一步。睡前程序的一个组成部分是睡前和睡眠时间表的制度,以确保发育适当的睡眠量。每晚固定的就寝时间将有助于设置生物钟,使孩子更容易入睡。大龄儿童和青少年原发性失眠症的治疗通常涉及与成人类似的行为干预。对于年龄较大的儿童和青少年来说,建立一个一致的睡眠时间表也很重要,因为糟糕的睡眠卫生是导致睡眠问题的常见原因。儿童失眠症的药物治疗不是一线治疗方法,应与行为治疗相结合。
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引用次数: 0
STUDY OF VARIABILITY IN THE ACTIVITY OF RIBOSOMAL CISTRONES IN COLORECTAL CANCER 结直肠癌中核糖体顺酮活性变异性的研究
Pub Date : 2021-07-07 DOI: 10.52340/JECMJ.2021.382
Nino Chigvinadze, I. Pantsulaia, T. Jokhadze
According to the World Health Organization, colon cancer is one of the most common cancers. By 2020, approximately 1,900,000 cases of CRC were detected worldwide (a total of 10%). In 2020, American Cancer Society 104,610 new cases of CRC were identified and 53,200 patients died. Similar to other tumors colon cancer (CRC) is a genetically inherited multifactorial disease. It is established that genetic, immunologic, as well as environmental factors, all play significant role in CRC development and metastasis. As mentioned, carcinogenesis is associated with the whole number of genetic phenomena ongoing in certain groups of the genes; it is of staged nature and includes interactions of gene suppressors and oncogenes. Many genes responsible for CRC development were identified, family forms were described as well. In particular, high risk of CRC development in case of family history of adenomatous polyposis was demonstrated. As mentioned, neoplastic variability of the tumors is associated with changed morphogenesis of the nucleus, in turn, playing certain role in regulation of the suppressor genes p53, APC and pro-carcinogenesis KRAS.
根据世界卫生组织的数据,结肠癌是最常见的癌症之一。到2020年,全球约有190万例结直肠癌被发现(总数为10%)。2020年,美国癌症协会发现了104,610例新的结直肠癌病例,53,200例患者死亡。与其他肿瘤类似,结肠癌(CRC)是一种遗传性多因素疾病。研究发现,遗传、免疫和环境因素在结直肠癌的发生和转移中都起着重要的作用。如前所述,致癌作用与某些基因群中正在发生的一系列遗传现象有关;它是阶段性的,包括基因抑制因子和癌基因的相互作用。许多与结直肠癌发展有关的基因被确定,家族形式也被描述。特别是,有腺瘤性息肉病家族史的人患结直肠癌的风险较高。如前所述,肿瘤的肿瘤变异性与细胞核形态发生的改变有关,进而对抑制基因p53、APC和促癌基因KRAS起一定的调节作用。
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引用次数: 0
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