Ihwan Haryono, None Muchammad Taufiq Suryantoro, Budi Rochmanto, Ade Kurniawan, None Ahmad Taufiqur Rohman, Muhammad Ma’ruf, Hari Setiapraja, Taufik Yuwono, None Nur Muhamad Fuad, Eris Riswandi
: Implementation of high-ratio biodiesel blends up to 30% (B30) serves as a proactive measure in anticipating of the diminishing availability of the fossil energy availability, decarbonizing the heavy-duty vehicle sector and to improve environmental quality. However, the implementation of B30 still causes problems, particularly concerning fuel filters, which have prompted complaints from users in non-automotive industries such as mining or marine sectors. Several users have reported instances of temporary filter blockages or damage to engine components. In anticipation of this issue, the implementation of an appropriate filtration system design has been proposed, comprising a 30-µm pre-filter water separator, a middle filter, and a post-filter. The efficiency test was carried out by passing the test fuels through a filter paper with pore size proportional to those of the proposed filter. This test was performed using a standardized rig following the ASTM D2068-10 protocol, maintaining an ambient temperature of approximately 29°C. The differential pressure (differential pressure) across the filter tested was recorded before and after passing through the test filter paper, and a filtration efficiency was calculated, based on the captured contaminants on the filter paper. The findings show that the implementation of three-level filtration systems successfully improved the ISO-cleanliness levels of the tested B30 fuel from 19/17/12 to 16/14/10, aligning with the specification outlined in the worldwide fuel charter. Based on this study, it can be concluded that utilization of three-level filtration system has significant potential for increasing the filter lifespan and mileage of B30 fuel.
{"title":"An Effective Three Level Filtration System for Improved Contaminant Removal in High Ratio Biodiesel Blends","authors":"Ihwan Haryono, None Muchammad Taufiq Suryantoro, Budi Rochmanto, Ade Kurniawan, None Ahmad Taufiqur Rohman, Muhammad Ma’ruf, Hari Setiapraja, Taufik Yuwono, None Nur Muhamad Fuad, Eris Riswandi","doi":"10.5109/7151711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/7151711","url":null,"abstract":": Implementation of high-ratio biodiesel blends up to 30% (B30) serves as a proactive measure in anticipating of the diminishing availability of the fossil energy availability, decarbonizing the heavy-duty vehicle sector and to improve environmental quality. However, the implementation of B30 still causes problems, particularly concerning fuel filters, which have prompted complaints from users in non-automotive industries such as mining or marine sectors. Several users have reported instances of temporary filter blockages or damage to engine components. In anticipation of this issue, the implementation of an appropriate filtration system design has been proposed, comprising a 30-µm pre-filter water separator, a middle filter, and a post-filter. The efficiency test was carried out by passing the test fuels through a filter paper with pore size proportional to those of the proposed filter. This test was performed using a standardized rig following the ASTM D2068-10 protocol, maintaining an ambient temperature of approximately 29°C. The differential pressure (differential pressure) across the filter tested was recorded before and after passing through the test filter paper, and a filtration efficiency was calculated, based on the captured contaminants on the filter paper. The findings show that the implementation of three-level filtration systems successfully improved the ISO-cleanliness levels of the tested B30 fuel from 19/17/12 to 16/14/10, aligning with the specification outlined in the worldwide fuel charter. Based on this study, it can be concluded that utilization of three-level filtration system has significant potential for increasing the filter lifespan and mileage of B30 fuel.","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fabrication and Optimization of Wear Behaviour of Citrus Limetta Peel Particulate Composite using Hybrid Taguchi-GRA-PCA","authors":"Anil Kumar, Sonu Singh","doi":"10.5109/7151679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/7151679","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asep Hapiddin, Okasatria Novyanto, None A. Praba Drijarkara, Muhammad Azzumar, Mohamad Syahadi, Miftahul Munir, None Ninuk Ragil Prasasti, None Nur Tjahyo Eka Darmayanti, Budhy Basuki, Hidayat Wiriadinata
: The surface plate is a physical flatness reference that widely used in research and industrial applications, e.g., manufacturing, aerospace, automotive, and shipping engineering. Surface plate calibration is required; as a result to guarantee that it continues to fall within the parameters of what is considered to be an acceptable level of flatness. In most cases, Union Jack Moody’s approach is relied on to gather data and determine the level of flatness and the Grid method is not widely recognized. The Grid technique can be broken down into two patterns: the Open Grid and the Full Grid. Spreadsheet application is utilized to processing flatness data with the Open Grid approach. A piece of computer software, e.g., Scilab or another program that can perform calculations with matrices, is required. Unlike the Open Grid technique, which has a greater degree of uncertainty, the Full Grid technique has a reduced degree of uncertainty. This study aims to report on assessing the surface plate flatness using two different types of Grid techniques. A surface plate measuring 1000 mm×1000 mm, as one of the measurement samples, was used to characterize both approaches. Open Grid and Full Grid measured the surface plate's flatness to be (6.93 ± 3.94) μm and (6.44 ± 0.68) μm, with Full Grid measurin g it more accurately than Open Grid. It is consistently statistically shown that the E n value is less than 1, which is 0.06 and 0.01, respectively. In conclusion, it can be said that statistically, the Full Grid method, as one of the proposed surface plate calibration methods, is considered an inlier result with smaller uncertainty.
{"title":"The Surface Plate Calibration Comparison Based on The Grid Method","authors":"Asep Hapiddin, Okasatria Novyanto, None A. Praba Drijarkara, Muhammad Azzumar, Mohamad Syahadi, Miftahul Munir, None Ninuk Ragil Prasasti, None Nur Tjahyo Eka Darmayanti, Budhy Basuki, Hidayat Wiriadinata","doi":"10.5109/7151731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/7151731","url":null,"abstract":": The surface plate is a physical flatness reference that widely used in research and industrial applications, e.g., manufacturing, aerospace, automotive, and shipping engineering. Surface plate calibration is required; as a result to guarantee that it continues to fall within the parameters of what is considered to be an acceptable level of flatness. In most cases, Union Jack Moody’s approach is relied on to gather data and determine the level of flatness and the Grid method is not widely recognized. The Grid technique can be broken down into two patterns: the Open Grid and the Full Grid. Spreadsheet application is utilized to processing flatness data with the Open Grid approach. A piece of computer software, e.g., Scilab or another program that can perform calculations with matrices, is required. Unlike the Open Grid technique, which has a greater degree of uncertainty, the Full Grid technique has a reduced degree of uncertainty. This study aims to report on assessing the surface plate flatness using two different types of Grid techniques. A surface plate measuring 1000 mm×1000 mm, as one of the measurement samples, was used to characterize both approaches. Open Grid and Full Grid measured the surface plate's flatness to be (6.93 ± 3.94) μm and (6.44 ± 0.68) μm, with Full Grid measurin g it more accurately than Open Grid. It is consistently statistically shown that the E n value is less than 1, which is 0.06 and 0.01, respectively. In conclusion, it can be said that statistically, the Full Grid method, as one of the proposed surface plate calibration methods, is considered an inlier result with smaller uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135691577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
None Dewi Rianti Mandasari, Katri Yulianto, Lia Amelia, Amiruddin Aziz, None Endra Dwi Purnomo, None Faisal, None Cuk Supriyadi Ali Nandar
: This research provided a detailed examination, which was used to develop a Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motor for Indonesia's Electric Boat Conversion Program, specifically focusing on reducing cogging torque. Several approaches, including stator skewing, were examined while considering manufacturing complexities and costs. A novel methodology was used to determine the optimal skew angle, considering the limitations of allowable cogging torque, which was set at 10% of the rated torque based on prior research and the manufacturing process. The result showed that a skew angle of 6° outperformed empirical calculations at 15°. Mechanical evaluations also showed that the natural frequency remained within acceptable limits at the 6° skew angle. Therefore, a skew angle of 6° was recommended for the 10 kW BLDC motor used in electric boat applications. This research contributed to advancing motor design for electric boat conversions, effectively balancing performance optimization with manufacturing feasibility.
{"title":"Design and Optimization of Brushless DC Motor for Electric Boat Thruster","authors":"None Dewi Rianti Mandasari, Katri Yulianto, Lia Amelia, Amiruddin Aziz, None Endra Dwi Purnomo, None Faisal, None Cuk Supriyadi Ali Nandar","doi":"10.5109/7151773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/7151773","url":null,"abstract":": This research provided a detailed examination, which was used to develop a Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motor for Indonesia's Electric Boat Conversion Program, specifically focusing on reducing cogging torque. Several approaches, including stator skewing, were examined while considering manufacturing complexities and costs. A novel methodology was used to determine the optimal skew angle, considering the limitations of allowable cogging torque, which was set at 10% of the rated torque based on prior research and the manufacturing process. The result showed that a skew angle of 6° outperformed empirical calculations at 15°. Mechanical evaluations also showed that the natural frequency remained within acceptable limits at the 6° skew angle. Therefore, a skew angle of 6° was recommended for the 10 kW BLDC motor used in electric boat applications. This research contributed to advancing motor design for electric boat conversions, effectively balancing performance optimization with manufacturing feasibility.","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135691583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Improvement high speed train in Java is one of Indonesia's national development priorities, aiming to reduce carbon emissions compared to conventional trains to stimulate growth and development in other economic sectors. This research aims to understand the influence of high-speed train industry development on other economic sectors The multiplier effect was calculated using input-output method. It found that producing 1 train set escalates economic output by IDR 1,16 Trillion; raises total income by IDR 180 Billion and generates 2.800 laborers. The results suggest that the participation of manufacturing industry in producing trains will impact the country’s overall economic progress.
{"title":"Multiplier Effects Analysis of Development on The High Speed Train Industry on Indonesia National Economic Growth","authors":"None Yustina Niken Raharina Hendra, Rutma Pujiwat, None Dwi Phalita Upahita, None Djoko Prijo Utomo, None Sucipto","doi":"10.5109/7151767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/7151767","url":null,"abstract":": Improvement high speed train in Java is one of Indonesia's national development priorities, aiming to reduce carbon emissions compared to conventional trains to stimulate growth and development in other economic sectors. This research aims to understand the influence of high-speed train industry development on other economic sectors The multiplier effect was calculated using input-output method. It found that producing 1 train set escalates economic output by IDR 1,16 Trillion; raises total income by IDR 180 Billion and generates 2.800 laborers. The results suggest that the participation of manufacturing industry in producing trains will impact the country’s overall economic progress.","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135691592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Desy Septriana, Unggul Priyanto, Novio Valentino, None Sekar Kumala Desi, None Restu Siti Nursaadah, Intan Machiya, Nesha Adelia, Bralin Dwiratna, Ali Nurdin, Ilhamsyah Noor
: Renewable diesel from hydrogenated palm olein can substitute fossil diesel. This study used an activated carbon pellets catalyst in a 500-ml autoclave to decarboxylate palm olein hydrothermally. The experiment was conducted at 330-400 °C, the catalyst-feed ratio was 0.7, and the water-palm olein (palm cooking oil) weight ratio was 4 to 1. GC-MS and standard alkane and alkene characterized liquid products, while GC-TCD identified gas products. Renewable diesel’s highest yields are 13.24% and 3.15% for samples with and without activated carbon pellets catalysts at 370 °C. In conclusion, activated carbon pellets increase renewable diesel recovery in hydrothermal decarboxylation.
{"title":"The Effect of Activated Carbon Pellet on Hydrothermal Decarboxylation of Palm Olein into Renewable Diesel","authors":"Desy Septriana, Unggul Priyanto, Novio Valentino, None Sekar Kumala Desi, None Restu Siti Nursaadah, Intan Machiya, Nesha Adelia, Bralin Dwiratna, Ali Nurdin, Ilhamsyah Noor","doi":"10.5109/7151737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/7151737","url":null,"abstract":": Renewable diesel from hydrogenated palm olein can substitute fossil diesel. This study used an activated carbon pellets catalyst in a 500-ml autoclave to decarboxylate palm olein hydrothermally. The experiment was conducted at 330-400 °C, the catalyst-feed ratio was 0.7, and the water-palm olein (palm cooking oil) weight ratio was 4 to 1. GC-MS and standard alkane and alkene characterized liquid products, while GC-TCD identified gas products. Renewable diesel’s highest yields are 13.24% and 3.15% for samples with and without activated carbon pellets catalysts at 370 °C. In conclusion, activated carbon pellets increase renewable diesel recovery in hydrothermal decarboxylation.","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135691603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: This study calculates the potential for post-replanting oil palm trunk waste in Riau Province, Indonesia, to be used as fuel for power plant cofiring. A remote sensing method that combines time series imagery from Landsat 8 and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is used to detect the first year of the plantation. Determination of a 50 km radius from the power plant as the limit of the potential area of raw material is needed to get optimal transportation cost. The results obtained 268,077 tons/year of palm oil trunk, sufficient to meet the need to cofire 5% of daily fuel requirements.
{"title":"Using Satellite Data of Palm Oil Area for Potential Utilization in Calculating Palm Oil Trunk Waste as Cofiring Fuel Biomass","authors":"Bono Pranoto, Ikrar Adilla, Hari Soekarno, None Nina Konitat Supriatna, None Adrian, Lisna Efiyanti, None Dian Anggraini Indrawan, None Nurry Widya Hesty, None Silvy Rahmah Fithri","doi":"10.5109/7151728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/7151728","url":null,"abstract":": This study calculates the potential for post-replanting oil palm trunk waste in Riau Province, Indonesia, to be used as fuel for power plant cofiring. A remote sensing method that combines time series imagery from Landsat 8 and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is used to detect the first year of the plantation. Determination of a 50 km radius from the power plant as the limit of the potential area of raw material is needed to get optimal transportation cost. The results obtained 268,077 tons/year of palm oil trunk, sufficient to meet the need to cofire 5% of daily fuel requirements.","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accumulation of Heavy Metals in the Needles of Scots Pine of the Semipalatinsk Pre-Irtysh Region and Burabay National Park","authors":"Botakoz Yelkenova, Raikhan Beisenova, Rumiya Tazitdinova, Zhanar Rakhymzhan, Nurziya Karipbaeva","doi":"10.5109/7148444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/7148444","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Implementing the Algebra of Logic Approach to Analyse the Stochastic Behaviour of an Industrial Ice Cream Plant","authors":"Surbhi Gupta, Shubhra Dixit, Ajay Sharma","doi":"10.5109/7151696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/7151696","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Avinash Sahu, Rajat Kamble, None Bangaru Sai Prakash, Sangeeta Pandit
: Female artisan of the Bell metal handicraft industry spends prolonged time performing handcrafted precision and forceful tasks, which are known to cause occupational risks among the artisans. The objective of the study was to find out work-related risk factors affecting the health condition of female artisans. Qualitative and quantitative assessment was conducted with the help of questionnaire to identify the existing postural and body discomfort. The result showed that the young artisans faced the most discomfort in their upper limbs due to performing several bending and twisting activities for long hours. Ergonomics interventions in the form of improved hand tools and workstations will help female artisans to enhance their performance by avoiding awkward postures and reducing body-part discomfort.
{"title":"Postural Risk Analysis of Female Artisans Engaged in Traditional Bell Metal Castings Handicraft in India","authors":"Avinash Sahu, Rajat Kamble, None Bangaru Sai Prakash, Sangeeta Pandit","doi":"10.5109/7151708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/7151708","url":null,"abstract":": Female artisan of the Bell metal handicraft industry spends prolonged time performing handcrafted precision and forceful tasks, which are known to cause occupational risks among the artisans. The objective of the study was to find out work-related risk factors affecting the health condition of female artisans. Qualitative and quantitative assessment was conducted with the help of questionnaire to identify the existing postural and body discomfort. The result showed that the young artisans faced the most discomfort in their upper limbs due to performing several bending and twisting activities for long hours. Ergonomics interventions in the form of improved hand tools and workstations will help female artisans to enhance their performance by avoiding awkward postures and reducing body-part discomfort.","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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