{"title":"Features of Modern Areas of Solid Waste Disposal","authors":"A. Zhumadilova, Saule Zhigitova","doi":"10.5109/6792809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/6792809","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42315132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: In this paper, two meta-heuristic approaches have been optimized using SI (Swarm Intelligence) optimization technique. The method comprises computation of shortest path of both, static and dynamic IoT (Internet of Things) network using “widely used algorithms” among researchers, namely, ‘Breadth first search’ and ‘Dijkstra algorithm.’ Further, the determined route has been optimized using ant colony optimization. The issue of route selection to reach the destination, as well as parameters such as network energy, departed node count, residual energy of IoT nodes, and critical points of IoT nodes have been explored using proposed smart routing techniques. The two unique routing approaches have been simulated with rigorous iteration run, i=2000. The proposed methods, ‘Ant colony optimization-Breadth first computation-Minkowski-Static’ (ABMS) technique and ‘Ant colony optimization-Breadth first computation-Minkowski-Dynamic’ (ABMD) technique have been simulated. After comparing efficiency between both techniques, ABMS method outperforms the ABMD routing technique for IoT network. A significant energy savings has been reported, extending network lifetime of a static IoT network scenario. With the implementation of both techniques, the comparison between dynamic and static results closely.
{"title":"Ant Colony Optimization Based Routing Strategies for Internet of Things","authors":"Anukriti Sharma, Sharad Sharma, Dushyant Gupta","doi":"10.5109/6793654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/6793654","url":null,"abstract":": In this paper, two meta-heuristic approaches have been optimized using SI (Swarm Intelligence) optimization technique. The method comprises computation of shortest path of both, static and dynamic IoT (Internet of Things) network using “widely used algorithms” among researchers, namely, ‘Breadth first search’ and ‘Dijkstra algorithm.’ Further, the determined route has been optimized using ant colony optimization. The issue of route selection to reach the destination, as well as parameters such as network energy, departed node count, residual energy of IoT nodes, and critical points of IoT nodes have been explored using proposed smart routing techniques. The two unique routing approaches have been simulated with rigorous iteration run, i=2000. The proposed methods, ‘Ant colony optimization-Breadth first computation-Minkowski-Static’ (ABMS) technique and ‘Ant colony optimization-Breadth first computation-Minkowski-Dynamic’ (ABMD) technique have been simulated. After comparing efficiency between both techniques, ABMS method outperforms the ABMD routing technique for IoT network. A significant energy savings has been reported, extending network lifetime of a static IoT network scenario. With the implementation of both techniques, the comparison between dynamic and static results closely.","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44349340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kaushik, A. K. Verma, Satyendra Singh, Nikhil Kanojia, Sohit Panwar, Sushobhit Kindo, Shrishti Uniyal, Subhanesh Goswami, Debajit Som, Nitish Yadav
: Comparative analysis is conducted between nano fluid (nf) Al 2 O 3 +ZnO+H 2 O and water (H 2 O) as base fluid through experimental and simulation result. The effect of nano fluid and (base) fluid flowing inside rectangular micro channel with or without insert were acknowledge, for analysis the behavior of fluid flow, heat transfer and performance characteristics like Nusselt number (Nu), Friction factor (f), Effectiveness (Ɛ), Coefficient of thermal transfer (h), Heat transfer factor (Q), Nu/Nus, f/fs, thermal-performance factor (TPF), Number of transferring unit (NTU) and Reynolds’s number (Re). During preparation of nano fluid 0.01% volume fraction, 10-20 nm size nano particles were taken with 0.5ml CTAB (cetyl-2 tri-methyl, ammonium-bromide) surfactant. Experimentation was conducted for different operating parameters under counter flow conditions, where nano fluid is flowing inside micro channel of 0.081mm diameter with flow rate 0.0001562 kg/sec (9.37 ml/min) to 0.006255 Kg/sec (375.30 ml/min) and hot water is flowing inside the concentric tube of 3cm diameter with flow rate of 0.000782 Kg/sec (46.92 ml/min). The operating temperature of nano fluid and hot water were 303K and 323K. As per obtained results, the proposed composition of nanofluid showed better performance than base fluid due to better thermal conductivity and extra molecular area gain in nanofluid due to addition of nano particle with base fluid. It improves the results 21% approximately. Better optimum results were observed in case of rectangular micro channel with micro insert compared with other geometry because of rich turbulency gain and extra exposed area due to micro insert. It affects optimum results in terms of better performance up to 9%-18% compared with simple micro channel without inserts.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Fluid Flow Attributes in Rectangular Shape Micro Channel having External Rectangular Inserts with Hybrid Al_2O_3+ZnO+H_2O Nano Fluid and (H_2O) Base Fluid","authors":"S. Kaushik, A. K. Verma, Satyendra Singh, Nikhil Kanojia, Sohit Panwar, Sushobhit Kindo, Shrishti Uniyal, Subhanesh Goswami, Debajit Som, Nitish Yadav","doi":"10.5109/6792839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/6792839","url":null,"abstract":": Comparative analysis is conducted between nano fluid (nf) Al 2 O 3 +ZnO+H 2 O and water (H 2 O) as base fluid through experimental and simulation result. The effect of nano fluid and (base) fluid flowing inside rectangular micro channel with or without insert were acknowledge, for analysis the behavior of fluid flow, heat transfer and performance characteristics like Nusselt number (Nu), Friction factor (f), Effectiveness (Ɛ), Coefficient of thermal transfer (h), Heat transfer factor (Q), Nu/Nus, f/fs, thermal-performance factor (TPF), Number of transferring unit (NTU) and Reynolds’s number (Re). During preparation of nano fluid 0.01% volume fraction, 10-20 nm size nano particles were taken with 0.5ml CTAB (cetyl-2 tri-methyl, ammonium-bromide) surfactant. Experimentation was conducted for different operating parameters under counter flow conditions, where nano fluid is flowing inside micro channel of 0.081mm diameter with flow rate 0.0001562 kg/sec (9.37 ml/min) to 0.006255 Kg/sec (375.30 ml/min) and hot water is flowing inside the concentric tube of 3cm diameter with flow rate of 0.000782 Kg/sec (46.92 ml/min). The operating temperature of nano fluid and hot water were 303K and 323K. As per obtained results, the proposed composition of nanofluid showed better performance than base fluid due to better thermal conductivity and extra molecular area gain in nanofluid due to addition of nano particle with base fluid. It improves the results 21% approximately. Better optimum results were observed in case of rectangular micro channel with micro insert compared with other geometry because of rich turbulency gain and extra exposed area due to micro insert. It affects optimum results in terms of better performance up to 9%-18% compared with simple micro channel without inserts.","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42047120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Survey of Different VANET Routing Protocols","authors":"Palak Shandil","doi":"10.5109/6793653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/6793653","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136280871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aisyah Razak, Najah Mat Isa, Sebastian Kinit, S. Adzila
Eggshell waste has been developed as a viable choice for biomaterials in bone regeneration. In this study, eggshell waste was subjected to calcination at 600°C, 700°C, 800°C and 900°C for 4 hours, resulting in the complete conversion of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) into calcium oxide (CaO) powder. Using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Image J software, mean particle size powders and hardness values via Vickers-microhardness were investigated. Notably, powder calcined at 900°C has the highest mean hardness value due to powder densifications with narrow pore size. Therefore, CaO as a source of calcium ions indicates its potential use in biomedical applications.
{"title":"Effect of Calcination Temperature on The Properties of Eggshell Waste (EW) Powder for Biomedical Application","authors":"Aisyah Razak, Najah Mat Isa, Sebastian Kinit, S. Adzila","doi":"10.5109/6792828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/6792828","url":null,"abstract":"Eggshell waste has been developed as a viable choice for biomaterials in bone regeneration. In this study, eggshell waste was subjected to calcination at 600°C, 700°C, 800°C and 900°C for 4 hours, resulting in the complete conversion of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) into calcium oxide (CaO) powder. Using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Image J software, mean particle size powders and hardness values via Vickers-microhardness were investigated. Notably, powder calcined at 900°C has the highest mean hardness value due to powder densifications with narrow pore size. Therefore, CaO as a source of calcium ions indicates its potential use in biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42121502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Kabir, Murshed Ahmed Ovi, S. Murtyas, A. Hagishima, J. Tanimoto
: Building on safety and broad acceptance of healthcare policy, we agree that human behavior is substantial because its success depends on an individual's contribution, ethnic, economic, and social status. We present three surveys testing this account for imminent hypothetical COVID-19 vaccines in Bangladesh, Indonesia
{"title":"Acceptance and Willingness-to-Pay of Vaccine for COVID-19 in Asian Countries: A Hypothetical Assessment Survey","authors":"K. Kabir, Murshed Ahmed Ovi, S. Murtyas, A. Hagishima, J. Tanimoto","doi":"10.5109/6792807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/6792807","url":null,"abstract":": Building on safety and broad acceptance of healthcare policy, we agree that human behavior is substantial because its success depends on an individual's contribution, ethnic, economic, and social status. We present three surveys testing this account for imminent hypothetical COVID-19 vaccines in Bangladesh, Indonesia","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41722830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Seismic Performance and Suitability of Elastomeric and POT PTFE Bearings for Girder Bridges","authors":"A. Narwal, S. Setia, S N Sachdeva","doi":"10.5109/6792825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/6792825","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41990612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bhumika Bhati, Ananya Rath, Kartikeya Bector, Shadab Ahmad, R. Singari
: Common knee injuries are ligament tear, meniscus injuries, knee cap fracture and muscle strains. The prodrome stage includes pain, swelling, and difficulty in walking. Ligament swelling occurs due to the overuse of ligaments in particular exercises (such as running, jumping, or walking). Osteoarthritis is one of the most famous joint inflammations affecting the knee and usually requires treatment. Total knee arthroplasty (total knee arthroplasty) is a safe and inexpensive treatment for patients with end-stage arthralgia, with a survival rate of up to 80%. However, partial knee arthroplasty including kneecap replacement is found to be more effective because it is a less invasive medical procedure that requires reconstruction of the knee, the back and the front of the femur. Advances such as Freeman-Swanson’s prosthetic pre-prosthesis (1970) and Kodak-Yamamoto prosthesis (1970) determined future plans, but the original form did not consider the pat bone. In recent years, new manufacturing strategies and new materials have improved the design of kneecap prostheses. Now, it can treat inflammation in both partial and total knee arthroplasty. The use of composite materials for prostheses is increasing at an unprecedented rate. The materials used for such prostheses should not be harmful, chemically and biologically stable, and they should have sufficient mechanical strength to withstand physiological stress. Each type of prosthesis produced is manufactured taking into account the individual needs of each customer. This article summarizes the development of composite materials, design strategies and in-depth research on the development and application of kneecap prostheses.
{"title":"Recent Developments in the use of Composites for Knee Cap Prosthetics","authors":"Bhumika Bhati, Ananya Rath, Kartikeya Bector, Shadab Ahmad, R. Singari","doi":"10.5109/6793667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/6793667","url":null,"abstract":": Common knee injuries are ligament tear, meniscus injuries, knee cap fracture and muscle strains. The prodrome stage includes pain, swelling, and difficulty in walking. Ligament swelling occurs due to the overuse of ligaments in particular exercises (such as running, jumping, or walking). Osteoarthritis is one of the most famous joint inflammations affecting the knee and usually requires treatment. Total knee arthroplasty (total knee arthroplasty) is a safe and inexpensive treatment for patients with end-stage arthralgia, with a survival rate of up to 80%. However, partial knee arthroplasty including kneecap replacement is found to be more effective because it is a less invasive medical procedure that requires reconstruction of the knee, the back and the front of the femur. Advances such as Freeman-Swanson’s prosthetic pre-prosthesis (1970) and Kodak-Yamamoto prosthesis (1970) determined future plans, but the original form did not consider the pat bone. In recent years, new manufacturing strategies and new materials have improved the design of kneecap prostheses. Now, it can treat inflammation in both partial and total knee arthroplasty. The use of composite materials for prostheses is increasing at an unprecedented rate. The materials used for such prostheses should not be harmful, chemically and biologically stable, and they should have sufficient mechanical strength to withstand physiological stress. Each type of prosthesis produced is manufactured taking into account the individual needs of each customer. This article summarizes the development of composite materials, design strategies and in-depth research on the development and application of kneecap prostheses.","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43376911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How the Quality Management Systems Impacts the Organizational Effectiveness?: Application of PLS-SEM and fsQCA Approach","authors":"Parvesh Kumar, S. Singhal, Kansal Jimmy","doi":"10.5109/6792808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5109/6792808","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12085,"journal":{"name":"Evergreen","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46943772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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