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The Science Teachers’ Communication Behavior in Relation to Students’ Attitude and Performance 科学教师交流行为与学生态度和成绩的关系
Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.18
Maricel E. Sierto
The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between the communicative behavior of teachers and the attitudes and performance of students in Science in Sta. Peregrina High School in Balatong B, Pulilan, Bulacan. In particular, the aim of this study was to find answers to the following questions: (1) What is the level Science teachers show in challenging, encouraging and praise, non-verbal support, understanding, and controlling behavior? (2) At what level is the attitude of the students towards science? (3) What is the performance level of students in science subject? (4) Are teachers’ communication and students’ attitudes toward science related to each other? and (5) Are teachers’ communication and students’ performance toward science related to each other? Descriptive quantifiable method of research was utilized in this study. The following conclusions were drawn: (1) Science teachers received very acceptable ratings for challenging, encouraging and praise, non-verbal support, understanding, and controlling behaviour as observed by their students. (2) Students have very acceptable attitudes to Science. (3) Students acquired an acceptable assessment in their Science grade. (4) There was no substantial relationship between challenging, encouraging and praise, controlling behaviour of teachers and the attitude of the students; challenging, encouraging and praise, understanding, and controlling behaviour of teachers and the students’ academic performance. Yet, there was substantial relationship in non-verbal support and understanding behaviour of teachers and attitudes of students.
本研究的目的是了解教师的交际行为与学生的科学态度和成绩之间的关系。布拉坎普兰巴拉通B区的佩雷格里纳高中。特别地,本研究的目的是寻找以下问题的答案:(1)科学教师在挑战、鼓励和表扬、非语言支持、理解和控制行为方面表现出什么水平?(2)学生对科学的态度处于什么水平?(3)学生理科成绩水平如何?(4)教师的交流与学生对科学的态度是否相互关联?(5)教师的沟通与学生的科学表现是否相关?本研究采用描述性量化研究方法。结果表明:(1)科学教师在挑战、鼓励和表扬、非语言支持、理解和控制行为方面得分较高。学生对科学的态度是可以接受的。(3)学生理科成绩达到可接受水平。(4)教师的挑战行为、鼓励行为、表扬行为、控制行为与学生的态度无显著相关;挑战,鼓励和表扬,理解和控制教师的行为和学生的学习成绩。然而,教师的非言语支持和理解行为与学生的态度存在实质性的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Bullying in the SUC's Classroom: A Hidden Epidemic? SUC课堂欺凌:一种隐藏的流行病?
Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.07
Novy R. Clores
Several literatures have already pointed to the effects of bullying to the learners’ journey in educational institution. Acts of bullying have even evolved from the actual or physical acts to virtual acts brought by the ever increasing ICT saturation around the world. The study explored the prevalence of bullying in SUCs by looking into the profile, the personal interpretation of bullying, the prevalence of bullying in the classroom, the effects of bullying, and the awareness on policies of bullying among tertiary students. Using cross-sectional survey method with a questionnaire as the main instrument, 95 respondents were tapped. For the findings, majority of the respondents were females aged 18 – 24 years old, Varied definitions of bullying were presented indicating that these acts are done in multiple and in combination of ways by the perpetrators. The most dominant effects of bullying were low self-esteem, depression, shyness, perceived negative school climate and wanting to be left alone. These effects somehow diminished the motivation or desire of the learner to further seeking knowledge in school. Furthermore, learners expressed their frustration and interest in reaching their dreams and aspirations. One of the academic heads of the institution expressed during the interview that while there are existing policies in the institution against bullying, reporting cases of bullying is often problematic. This implies that responsible office could not immediately act on it unless victims come forward. Some said that bullying is part of the growing process and taking it seriously is a sign of immaturity thus it should not be considered as big deal. With respect of the EQ of the victims and non – victims there were significant differences in Self awareness, self motivation and empathy and no significant differences on managing emotions and social skills implying the victims are effective in keeping it among themselves. In conclusion, bullying is prevalent in SUCs and it is the method of reporting of cases that causes a seemingly lack of action on the part of the authorities. It is therefore recommended that inclusion of reporting mechanism and vigorous campaign against bullying must be included in the school academic manual. Furthermore, everyone in the institution should work hand in hand to halt this hidden epidemic.
一些文献已经指出了欺凌对学习者在教育机构中的旅程的影响。在全球信息通信技术日益饱和的情况下,欺凌行为甚至从现实或物理行为演变为虚拟行为。本研究从大学生的概况、欺凌行为的个人解释、课堂欺凌行为的普遍程度、欺凌行为的影响以及对欺凌政策的认识等方面探讨了高校欺凌行为的普遍程度。 采用以问卷为主要工具的横断面调查法,共抽取95名调查对象。就调查结果而言,大多数受访者是年龄在18 - 24岁之间的女性。对欺凌的不同定义表明,这些行为是由肇事者以多种或组合的方式进行的。欺凌最主要的影响是自卑、抑郁、害羞、感觉到消极的学校氛围和想要独处。这些影响在某种程度上削弱了学习者在学校进一步寻求知识的动机或愿望。此外,学生们表达了他们在实现梦想和愿望方面的挫败感和兴趣。该机构的一位学术负责人在采访中表示,虽然该机构有反对欺凌的现有政策,但举报欺凌案件往往存在问题。这意味着,除非受害者挺身而出,否则负责任的办公室无法立即采取行动。一些人说,欺凌是成长过程的一部分,认真对待它是不成熟的表现,因此不应该被视为大事。在情商方面,受害者与非受害者在自我意识、自我激励和共情方面存在显著差异,在情绪管理和社交技能方面无显著差异,这表明受害者在自我控制方面是有效的。总之,欺凌行为在suc中很普遍,正是报告案件的方法导致当局似乎缺乏行动。因此,建议在学校学术手册中列入报告机制和强有力的反对欺凌运动。此外,本机构的每个人都应携手努力,制止这种隐藏的流行病。
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 Using cross-sectional survey method with a questionnaire as the main instrument, 95 respondents were tapped. For the findings, majority of the respondents were females aged 18 – 24 years old, Varied definitions of bullying were presented indicating that these acts are done in multiple and in combination of ways by the perpetrators. The most dominant effects of bullying were low self-esteem, depression, shyness, perceived negative school climate and wanting to be left alone. These effects somehow diminished the motivation or desire of the learner to further seeking knowledge in school. Furthermore, learners expressed their frustration and interest in reaching their dreams and aspirations. One of the academic heads of the institution expressed during the interview that while there are existing policies in the institution against bullying, reporting cases of bullying is often problematic. This implies that responsible office could not immediately act on it unless victims come forward. Some said that bullying is part of the growing process and taking it seriously is a sign of immaturity thus it should not be considered as big deal. With respect of the EQ of the victims and non – victims there were significant differences in Self awareness, self motivation and empathy and no significant differences on managing emotions and social skills implying the victims are effective in keeping it among themselves. In conclusion, bullying is prevalent in SUCs and it is the method of reporting of cases that causes a seemingly lack of action on the part of the authorities. It is therefore recommended that inclusion of reporting mechanism and vigorous campaign against bullying must be included in the school academic manual. Furthermore, everyone in the institution should work hand in hand to halt this hidden epidemic.","PeriodicalId":12154,"journal":{"name":"EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136100154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Perception of Faculty Regarding Proposed New Accreditation Norms by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) 教师对国家评估和认可委员会(NAAC)提出的新认证规范的看法
Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.10
Atul Kumar, Amol Gawande, Muhammad Kristiawan, Meilaty Finthariasari, Elsa Viona, Mayank Tank, Daksh Gupta
The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 underscores the importance of accreditation and introduces the “National Accreditation Council” as its overarching body. The NEP envisions a 15-year phased approach, emphasising graded accreditation and institutional autonomy, aiming for all higher education establishments in India to evolve into self-governing entities focused on innovation and excellence. The National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) has formulated new guidelines, enabling universities and colleges operational for at least one academic year to apply for provisional accreditation. These guidelines intend to widen the scope of accreditation. Unlike the previous requirement that mandated institutions to be at least six years old or to have graduated two student cohorts for NAAC application, the new approach led to a limited number of institutions seeking accreditation due to low application rates. This article examines the viewpoints of 400 faculty members from Higher Educational Institutions in Maharashtra on whether the proposed norms will enhance the quality standards of these institutions. The faculty members collectively believe that the anticipated norms are unlikely to improve the existing quality standards of Higher Educational Institutions significantly.
国家教育政策(NEP) 2020强调了认证的重要性,并引入了“国家认证委员会”作为其总体机构。NEP设想了一个15年的分阶段方法,强调分级认证和机构自治,目标是让印度的所有高等教育机构演变成专注于创新和卓越的自治实体。国家评估和认可委员会(NAAC)制定了新的指导方针,允许运营至少一学年的大学和学院申请临时认证。这些准则旨在扩大认证的范围。与之前要求院校至少成立6年或有两届学生毕业才能申请NAAC不同,新方法导致申请认证的院校数量有限,因为申请率很低。本文考察了来自马哈拉施特拉邦高等教育机构的400名教师对拟议规范是否会提高这些机构的质量标准的看法。全体教员一致认为,预期的规范不太可能显著提高高等教育机构现有的质量标准。
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引用次数: 0
Academic SelfAcademic Self-Handicapping and Self-Regulating Learning Strategies for Student Engagement in Performance of G-Handicapping and Self-Regulating Learning Strategies for Student Engagement in Performance of Grade 8 Students in Araling Panlipunan 学业自我、学业自我阻碍和自我调节学习策略对学生参与g障碍表现的影响及自我调节学习策略对学生参与表现的影响
Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.09
Honey Kates A. Endiape, Jherwin P. Hermosa
This research aims to explore the Academic Self-Handicapping and Self-Regulating Learning Strategies employed by Grade 8 students at Godofredo M. Tan Integrated School of Arts and Trades, with a focus on understanding their impact on student engagement and academic achievement in the subject Araling Panlipunan. The study utilized a descriptive-correlational design and employed a researcher-modified questionnaire as the primary data collection method. Mean Standard Deviations were used to assess students’ perceptions of academic self-handicapping and self-regulating learning strategies, while Pearson Correlation was used to determine the relationship between Academic Self-Handicapping, Self-Regulated Learning Strategies, and students’ engagement and performance in Araling Panlipunan and Mediation Analysis to see if there is effect on the students’ performance mediated by their engagement. The result revealed a significant but weak positive correlation between students’ engagement and their performance in Araling Panlipunan. Furthermore, the students’ engagement was found to fully mediate the impact of their perceived level of academic self-handicapping and self-regulated learning strategies on their performance in the subject. As a result, the hypothesis has been rejected. This study sheds light on the factors influencing student engagement and academic achievement in Araling Panlipunan, providing valuable insights into the learning strategies adopted by Grade 8 students.
本研究旨在探讨戈多弗雷多M.谭艺术与贸易综合学校八年级学生使用的学术自我阻碍和自我调节学习策略,重点了解他们对学生参与和学习成绩的影响。本研究采用描述性相关设计,并采用研究者修改问卷作为主要数据收集方法。采用平均标准差评估学生对学业自我阻碍和自我调节学习策略的认知,采用Pearson相关分析确定学业自我阻碍、自我调节学习策略与学生敬业度和成绩之间的关系,并采用中介分析考察敬业度对学生成绩的中介影响。结果显示,阿拉令班里普南地区学生的敬业度与他们的成绩之间存在显著但微弱的正相关关系。此外,研究还发现,学生的敬业度在学业自我阻碍和自我调节学习策略的感知水平对其学科成绩的影响中起着完全的中介作用。结果,这个假设被否定了。本研究揭示了影响阿拉令班利普南地区学生投入和学业成绩的因素,为八年级学生的学习策略提供了有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 0
School Organizational Climate and Leadership Styles among School Admin-istrators: Effect on the Teacher’s Level of Performance 学校组织氛围与管理人员领导风格:对教师绩效水平的影响
Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.03
Jaime Pulumbarit
This study's main goal was to determine the effect of the school's organizational climate and administrator's leadership styles on the teacher's level of performance in the selected Apostolic Vicariate of Bulacan (AVB) Parochial Schools. The teachers at six chosen AVB parochial schools served as the study's primary respondents. The tool utilized was a four-part questionnaire about the culture of the organization, the leadership style, and the effectiveness of the teachers. Frequency distribution, standard deviation, descriptive measures, and standard linear regression analysis were the statistical techniques utilized to quantify and infer the relationship between the relevant variables. The findings showed that gender and the highest educational degree are important predictors of instructors' performance levels at the 0.05 significance level. It was also determined that leadership style and organizational climate had no significant impacts on the teachers' performance. Suggestions on a collaborative effort by the administration, teachers, and students should be looked into and evaluated for the further enhancement of this study.
本研究的主要目的是在选定的Bulacan宗座代牧区(AVB)教区学校中,确定学校的组织氛围和管理者的领导风格对教师绩效水平的影响。选定的六所AVB教区学校的教师作为研究的主要调查对象。所使用的工具是一个关于组织文化、领导风格和教师有效性的四部分问卷。频率分布、标准差、描述性测量和标准线性回归分析是用于量化和推断相关变量之间关系的统计技术。研究发现,性别和最高学历是教师绩效水平的重要预测因子,在0.05的显著水平上。研究还发现,领导风格和组织氛围对教师绩效没有显著影响。为进一步加强本研究,应研究并评估有关行政、教师及学生共同努力的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Relationship of Personality Traits and Organizational Climate on Work Engagement Among Higher Education Personnel in the Philippines 菲律宾高等教育人员人格特质与组织氛围对工作投入的关系
Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.06
Marie Rosette L. Cainday, Francis Alvin O. Chan, Gaspar M. Bestuer
This study investigated the relationship of personality traits and organizational climate on the work engagement of the teaching and non-teaching personnel of West Visayas State University-Janiuay Campus in 2021. This descriptive research was conducted among 81 personnel of the higher education institution. The statistical tools used were frequency count, ranking, mean, and Spearman rho to analyze the data from the survey. Manchester Personality Test (MPQ) version 14.2 was utilized to measure the personality traits of the participants; the Organizational Climate Questionnaire (OCQ) was employed to determine the organizational climate; and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) was utilized to determine their work engagement. The dominant personality traits among teaching and non-teaching personnel are conscientiousness, rationality, and empathy. None of the personality traits have a significant relationship with work engagement. Their work engagement is high, and similarly, they perceived the organizational climate as high as well. Additionally, the dimensions of organizational climate, namely respect, planning and decision-making, innovations, relationships, commitment and morale, role clarity, communication, quality service, and training and learning, have a significant relationship with work engagement. Personnel highly engage themselves in their work given a favorable campus organizational climate, resulting in an enhanced degree of enthusiasm and dedication. Points derived from the findings were identified for consideration for inclusion in the continuous enhancement of the faculty and staff development program on campus, the human resource development plan, and policy-making pertaining to the development of human resources at the university.
本研究调查了人格特质和组织氛围对西维萨亚斯州立大学珍妮韦校区教学人员和非教学人员工作投入的影响。本研究以81名高等教育机构人员为对象进行描述性研究。使用的统计工具是频率计数、排名、平均值和Spearman rho来分析调查数据。采用曼彻斯特人格测试(MPQ) 14.2版对被试进行人格特征测量;采用组织氛围问卷(OCQ)确定组织氛围;并采用乌得勒支工作投入量表(UWES)来确定他们的工作投入。教学人员和非教学人员的主要人格特征是责任心、理性和同理心。没有一种人格特质与工作投入有显著关系。他们的工作投入度很高,同样,他们认为组织氛围也很高。此外,组织氛围的维度,即尊重、计划和决策、创新、关系、承诺和士气、角色清晰度、沟通、优质服务和培训和学习,与工作投入有显著的关系。在良好的校园组织氛围下,员工对工作的投入程度很高,工作积极性和敬业度都有所提高。从调查结果中得出的要点被确定为考虑纳入持续加强校园教职员工发展计划,人力资源发展计划以及与大学人力资源发展有关的政策制定。
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引用次数: 0
Nutritional Knowledge and Dietary Habits of Student-Athletes in a State University: Towards a Contextualized Nutrition Education Plan 某州立大学学生运动员的营养知识与饮食习惯:走向情境化营养教育计划
Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.08
Ma. Jim Rushty M. De Jesus, Leanne N. Fabian, Jersey C. Javeluna, Saycell D. Laquimin, Criselda Mae D. Cayanan, Stephanie G. Dizon
Sustainable Development Goal 2 aims to end hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition, and promote healthy and sustainable diets. Student-athletes deal with unique challenges due to the demands of physical and mental requirements of their sports, making proper nutrition and dietary habits crucial for their overall health and performance. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between nutritional knowledge and dietary habits among State Colleges and Universities Athletic Association (SCUAA) Athletes at a state university in Pampanga, Philippines, as a basis for the development of a contextualized Nutrition Education Plan (NEP). The study was grounded on a postpositivist philosophical worldview that employed a quantitative non-experimental approach, specifically a correlational design. A total of 177 student-athletes were assessed for their nutritional knowledge and dietary habits using survey questionnaires. It was determined that student-athletes’ level of nutritional knowledge was described as “knowledgeable” while their perceived dietary habits were described as “good”, but still, there is an area for continued improvement. Meanwhile, it was found that there was no significant difference between nutritional knowledge and dietary habits of student-athletes when grouped according to their demographic profile. On the other hand, there was a significant but weak positive relationship between nutritional knowledge and dietary habits of student-athletes. The results of student-athletes’ nutritional knowledge and dietary habits paved the way for a contextualized NEP anchored on the student-athlete. The study recommends generalizing the NEP and considering the other athletes who also need nutrition and dietary habits improvement.
可持续发展目标2旨在消除饥饿,实现粮食安全,改善营养,促进健康和可持续饮食。由于体育运动对身体和精神的要求,学生运动员面临着独特的挑战,适当的营养和饮食习惯对他们的整体健康和表现至关重要。因此,本研究旨在分析菲律宾邦板牙一所州立大学的州立大学体育协会(SCUAA)运动员的营养知识与饮食习惯之间的关系,为制定情境化营养教育计划(NEP)提供依据。该研究基于后实证主义哲学世界观,采用定量的非实验方法,特别是相关设计。采用问卷调查法对177名大学生运动员的营养知识和饮食习惯进行了评估。研究确定,学生运动员的营养知识水平被描述为“知识渊博”,而他们的饮食习惯被描述为“良好”,但仍然有一个继续改进的领域。与此同时,我们发现学生运动员的营养知识和饮食习惯在按人口统计资料分组时没有显著差异。另一方面,学生运动员的营养知识与饮食习惯之间存在显著但微弱的正相关关系。学生运动员的营养知识和饮食习惯的结果为基于学生运动员的情境化NEP铺平了道路。该研究建议推广NEP,并考虑其他同样需要改善营养和饮食习惯的运动员。
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引用次数: 0
The Interrelationship between Human Resource Roles and Human Resource Management Effectiveness: Empirical Evidence from a Developing Country 人力资源角色与人力资源管理有效性的关系:来自发展中国家的经验证据
Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.02
Rashed Mahmud Shakil, Md. Arfanul Karim, Mohammad Jidhan Uddin, Titon Chowdhury
The issue of effective human resource (HR) roles performance and the effectiveness of HR operations at Bangladeshi private banking sector has grown in importance over the past few decades. The scholarly literature, however, largely lacks the empirical research examining the impact of four HR roles on HRM effectiveness. The prime objective of the current research includes testing the causal relationships between four HR roles (employee champion, strategic partner, change agent, and administrative expert) and HRM effectiveness. Data was gathered from the first-line managers employed in the private commercial banks in Bangladesh (n = 210). The hypothesized model was examined utilizing partial least squares structural equation modelling, or PLS-SEM. The findings showed that the roles of employee champion, strategic partner, change agent, and administrative expert had a positive and significant impact on HRM effectiveness. The implications regarding the findings are explained and recommendations for further research are also proposed.
在过去的几十年里,孟加拉国私人银行部门有效的人力资源(HR)角色绩效和人力资源运营的有效性问题变得越来越重要。然而,学术文献在很大程度上缺乏检验人力资源四种角色对人力资源管理有效性影响的实证研究。本研究的主要目的包括测试人力资源四种角色(员工冠军、战略合作伙伴、变革推动者和管理专家)与人力资源管理有效性之间的因果关系。数据收集自孟加拉国私营商业银行的一线管理人员(n = 210)。利用偏最小二乘结构方程模型或PLS-SEM对假设模型进行了检验。研究发现,员工冠军、战略合作伙伴、变革推动者和管理专家的角色对人力资源管理的有效性有显著的正向影响。对研究结果的影响进行了解释,并提出了进一步研究的建议。
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引用次数: 0
The Estimation of Resistivity of Poka Alluvial Plain Material by Geoelectric Method with Wenner-Schlumberger Configuration 用温纳-斯伦贝谢构造地电法估算坡卡冲积平原物质的电阻率
Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.05
Andrias Izaac Latupapua, Fahrul Dadan Tahapary, Rudy Soplanit
This study was conducted to determine the lateral and vertical distribution of material resistivity values on Poka alluvial plain using electrodes with Wenner-Schlumberger configuration. Mapping is carried out on 2 lines each 120 m long with the smallest space of 10 m. The results showed that the resistivity of the material ranged from 48.8 Ωm to 2.247 Ωm spread laterally with a depth of up to 26.2 m. Loose Sand material occupies the upper layer, followed by the Alluvium and Sand layers in the middle, and Sand and Water which are unconfined aquifers in the lower layer.
本研究采用温纳-斯伦贝谢配置电极,确定了Poka冲积平原上材料电阻率值的横向和垂直分布。测绘在2条线上进行,每条线长120米,最小间距为10米。结果表明:材料的电阻率范围为48.8 Ωm ~ 2.247 Ωm,横向分布深度达26.2 m;上层为松散砂质层,中层为冲积层和砂层,下层为无承压含水层砂层和水层。
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引用次数: 0
Essay: Linking Keynesian Theory to Economic Geography 论文:将凯恩斯理论与经济地理学联系起来
Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.01
Young-Jin Ahn, Zuhriddin Juraev
This article examines the application of Keynesian theory in the field of economic geography, with a specific focus on regional development and the reduction of inequalities. The objective is to emphasize the importance and advantages of applying Keynesian principles to address spatial economic challenges. The novelty lies in examining the intersection of Keynesian economics and geography, which provides insights into regional planning, infrastructure development, and cluster formation. The results demonstrate how policymakers and researchers can utilize Keynesian theory to foster balanced growth and enhance living standards. The keywords for this article are Keynesian theory, economic geography, regional development, disparities, and policy interventions.
本文考察了凯恩斯理论在经济地理学领域的应用,特别关注区域发展和减少不平等。目的是强调应用凯恩斯主义原则来解决空间经济挑战的重要性和优势。它的新颖之处在于研究凯恩斯主义经济学和地理学的交集,这为区域规划、基础设施发展和集群形成提供了见解。研究结果表明,政策制定者和研究人员可以利用凯恩斯理论来促进平衡增长和提高生活水平。本文的关键词是凯恩斯理论、经济地理学、区域发展、差异和政策干预。
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引用次数: 0
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EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies
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