There are three permanent and durable solutions, described as voluntary return, local integration and resettlement, which are widely accepted for refugees today. Voluntary (return) is the most desired solution for refugees, which is seen as a permanent and long term among the states. The foundations of a healthy return process are volunteering, security and sustainability. Nevertheless, the problems faced by refugees and the attitudes of the states often prevent returns from being voluntarily. In the last decade, with the Assisted Return Programs in Europe financial and reintegration support is provided to refugees on return process. Assisted Return Programs implemented by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and their partners are ineffective in accelerating return due to security problems in the countries that are planned to return. In addition to this, the refugees who have returned have no guarantee of being treated well by the government in their home country and returning to the country where they have been taken as refugees before causes the refugees to be reluctant to return. Although the role of the returnees in the economy of the host country and in the reconstruction of the state is great, returning should be based on voluntariness in terms of the conditions in the returned country, and the return of refugees should not be expected without their security.
{"title":"MÜLTECİLERE YÖNELİK KALICI ÇÖZÜMLERDEN BİRİ OLARAK GÖNÜLLÜ GERİDÖNÜŞ","authors":"Sema Buz, Sema Korç","doi":"10.21560/SPCD.VI.695850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21560/SPCD.VI.695850","url":null,"abstract":"There are three permanent and durable solutions, described as voluntary return, local integration and resettlement, which are widely accepted for refugees today. Voluntary (return) is the most desired solution for refugees, which is seen as a permanent and long term among the states. The foundations of a healthy return process are volunteering, security and sustainability. Nevertheless, the problems faced by refugees and the attitudes of the states often prevent returns from being voluntarily. In the last decade, with the Assisted Return Programs in Europe financial and reintegration support is provided to refugees on return process. Assisted Return Programs implemented by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and their partners are ineffective in accelerating return due to security problems in the countries that are planned to return. In addition to this, the refugees who have returned have no guarantee of being treated well by the government in their home country and returning to the country where they have been taken as refugees before causes the refugees to be reluctant to return. Although the role of the returnees in the economy of the host country and in the reconstruction of the state is great, returning should be based on voluntariness in terms of the conditions in the returned country, and the return of refugees should not be expected without their security.","PeriodicalId":122285,"journal":{"name":"Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128231092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Poverty, which is differentiated, complicated and structurally changing, in terms of the individual, can first lead to first social exclusion and then to the spiral poverty and social exclusion. The aim of this study is to reveal the relationship between social exclusion and poverty. The problem of the study is how poor individuals evaluate social exclusion. The theoretical part of the research is based on the literature review and the application part is based on the qualitative research method. In the field research, the data were obtained from in-depth interviews, with semi-structured questionnaire, which is one of the qualitative research techniques. The scope of the research consisted of 24 poor individuals living in Sevindik Neighborhood of Denizli. According to the participants, poverty leads to social exclusion and income injustice. As a result of the findings, poor individuals' inability to gain access to basic, economic and social rights prevents them from working in a good job and accessing better locations or areas of the city.
{"title":"YOKSUL BİREYLERİN BAKIŞ AÇISI İLE SOSYAL DIŞLANMA: DENİZLİ İLİ SEVİNDİK MAHALLESİ ÖRNEĞİ","authors":"Kerem Berkman, Handan Kumaş","doi":"10.21560/SPCD.VI.619670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21560/SPCD.VI.619670","url":null,"abstract":"Poverty, which is differentiated, complicated and structurally changing, in terms of the individual, can first lead to first social exclusion and then to the spiral poverty and social exclusion. The aim of this study is to reveal the relationship between social exclusion and poverty. The problem of the study is how poor individuals evaluate social exclusion. The theoretical part of the research is based on the literature review and the application part is based on the qualitative research method. In the field research, the data were obtained from in-depth interviews, with semi-structured questionnaire, which is one of the qualitative research techniques. The scope of the research consisted of 24 poor individuals living in Sevindik Neighborhood of Denizli. According to the participants, poverty leads to social exclusion and income injustice. As a result of the findings, poor individuals' inability to gain access to basic, economic and social rights prevents them from working in a good job and accessing better locations or areas of the city.","PeriodicalId":122285,"journal":{"name":"Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130641233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SAĞLIK KURUMLARINDA ŞİDDET: GAZETE HABERLERİ ÜZERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA","authors":"Emel Iştar Işikli, Tuba Arslan","doi":"10.21560/SPCD.VI.621293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21560/SPCD.VI.621293","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":122285,"journal":{"name":"Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127913738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kentlesmenin bir geregi olan ortak kullanim alanlarinin toplumdaki tum bireylerin kullanimina esit olcude erisilebilir olmasi gerekliligi ve bu yonde mekâna aktarilan veya aktarilmaya calisilan uygulamalarin yetersizligi, kentteki yogun kullanimlarin oldugu alanlarda daha fazla on plana cikmaktadir. Bu baglamda calismada onemli mekânlarin ve yogun olarak kullanilan kamusal alanlarin bulundugu noktalar uzerinde, engellilere yonelik duzenlemelerin onceliginin daha net vurgulanmasi yonunde saptamalar ve degerlendirmeler ortaya konmustur. Calismada Ankara ili Cankaya ilcesinde Aydinlar, Emek ve Kizilay mahalleleri ornek alan olarak secilmistir. Mahallerde yer alan dikkate deger guzergâhlarda, 2016 ve 2019 yillarinda yapilan gorsel saptamalar, yuz yuze yapilan gorusmeler, belirlenen alanlarin engelli kullanimina yonelik durumlari ve belirlenen olcutlerin puanlanmasi isiginda uygunluk sirasina gore ortaya konulmustur.
{"title":"KENTSEL KAMUSAL AÇIK MEKÂNLARIN ENGELLİLER TARAFINDAN KULLANIMININ ANKARA, ÇANKAYA ÖRNEĞİNDE İRDELENMESİ","authors":"Nurşen Yilmaz, E. Diktaş","doi":"10.21560/spcd.vi.818582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21560/spcd.vi.818582","url":null,"abstract":"Kentlesmenin bir geregi olan ortak kullanim alanlarinin toplumdaki tum bireylerin kullanimina esit olcude erisilebilir olmasi gerekliligi ve bu yonde mekâna aktarilan veya aktarilmaya calisilan uygulamalarin yetersizligi, kentteki yogun kullanimlarin oldugu alanlarda daha fazla on plana cikmaktadir. Bu baglamda calismada onemli mekânlarin ve yogun olarak kullanilan kamusal alanlarin bulundugu noktalar uzerinde, engellilere yonelik duzenlemelerin onceliginin daha net vurgulanmasi yonunde saptamalar ve degerlendirmeler ortaya konmustur. Calismada Ankara ili Cankaya ilcesinde Aydinlar, Emek ve Kizilay mahalleleri ornek alan olarak secilmistir. Mahallerde yer alan dikkate deger guzergâhlarda, 2016 ve 2019 yillarinda yapilan gorsel saptamalar, yuz yuze yapilan gorusmeler, belirlenen alanlarin engelli kullanimina yonelik durumlari ve belirlenen olcutlerin puanlanmasi isiginda uygunluk sirasina gore ortaya konulmustur.","PeriodicalId":122285,"journal":{"name":"Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi","volume":"472 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131129848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evrensel tasarim ya da herkes icin tasarim ile erisilebilirlik kavramlari, bircok anlamiyla hayatimizda deger bulmaktadir. Evrensel tasarim; fizyolojik ozelliklerine, yasina, cinsiyetine, sosyal, ekonomik ve egitim duzeyine bakilmaksizin, toplumdaki farkli ozelliklere sahip tum insan gruplari icin ortak tasarimlar yapmayi amaclar. Onemli olan fiziksel cevrenin her zaman her kosulda kullanabilir olmasidir. Cunku her insan yasamin farkli donemlerinde, kisitlamalara maruz kalabilmektedir. Dolayisiyla evrensel tasarimin temel amaci, mekanlarin insanlara uyum saglayabilmesini saglamak, insan hareketlerini kisitlamak yerine, erisilebilirligi daha da kolaylastirmaktir. Tasarimcinin gorevi ise, tum insanlar icin herkesin olasi ozelliklerine gore ihtiyaclari kusursuz sekilde karsilayacak mekanlarin olusmasini saglamaktir. Bu calisma kapsaminda, fiziksel cevrenin tum kullanici gruplari tarafindan rahat, guvenli ve bagimsiz sekilde kullanilabilmesinin saglanmasinda mekan tasarimina yonelik temel bilgiler ortaya konmustur. Bu amac dogrultusunda, cocuk, yasli veya engelli olmak gibi farkli insanlik halleri ve konu ile ilgili kavramlar aciklanmistir. Ayrica, farkli insanlik hallerinde bulunan bireyler, ozel gereksinimi olan kisitli bireyler ile mimari tasarim ve mekan iliskisi kurulmaya calisilmistir. Sonuc olarak engelli, kisitli ve otekilestirilmeye calisilan bireylerin ihtiyaclarina da cevap verebilen tasarimlarin ayrim yapmaksizin gerceklestirilmesi gerekliligi vurgulanmistir.
{"title":"EVRENSEL TASARIM KAPSAMINDA HERKES İÇİN ERİŞİLEBİLİR TASARIM","authors":"İ̇̇rem Zeyrek Çepehan, Ebru Güller","doi":"10.21560/spcd.vi.818236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21560/spcd.vi.818236","url":null,"abstract":"Evrensel tasarim ya da herkes icin tasarim ile erisilebilirlik kavramlari, bircok anlamiyla hayatimizda deger bulmaktadir. Evrensel tasarim; fizyolojik ozelliklerine, yasina, cinsiyetine, sosyal, ekonomik ve egitim duzeyine bakilmaksizin, toplumdaki farkli ozelliklere sahip tum insan gruplari icin ortak tasarimlar yapmayi amaclar. Onemli olan fiziksel cevrenin her zaman her kosulda kullanabilir olmasidir. Cunku her insan yasamin farkli donemlerinde, kisitlamalara maruz kalabilmektedir. Dolayisiyla evrensel tasarimin temel amaci, mekanlarin insanlara uyum saglayabilmesini saglamak, insan hareketlerini kisitlamak yerine, erisilebilirligi daha da kolaylastirmaktir. Tasarimcinin gorevi ise, tum insanlar icin herkesin olasi ozelliklerine gore ihtiyaclari kusursuz sekilde karsilayacak mekanlarin olusmasini saglamaktir. Bu calisma kapsaminda, fiziksel cevrenin tum kullanici gruplari tarafindan rahat, guvenli ve bagimsiz sekilde kullanilabilmesinin saglanmasinda mekan tasarimina yonelik temel bilgiler ortaya konmustur. Bu amac dogrultusunda, cocuk, yasli veya engelli olmak gibi farkli insanlik halleri ve konu ile ilgili kavramlar aciklanmistir. Ayrica, farkli insanlik hallerinde bulunan bireyler, ozel gereksinimi olan kisitli bireyler ile mimari tasarim ve mekan iliskisi kurulmaya calisilmistir. Sonuc olarak engelli, kisitli ve otekilestirilmeye calisilan bireylerin ihtiyaclarina da cevap verebilen tasarimlarin ayrim yapmaksizin gerceklestirilmesi gerekliligi vurgulanmistir.","PeriodicalId":122285,"journal":{"name":"Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133920679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Engelliler icin mimari tasarim, kisilerin hareket kabiliyetlerindeki kisitliliktan kaynaklanan sorunlari en alt duzeye indirerek, alanlari ve mekânlari yaratma surecidir. Engel durumuna gore yapilmasi gereken eylemler farklilik gosterir. Bu makalede daha cok tekerlekli sandalye kullanan engelliler icin cozum onerileri sunulmustur. Ozellikle son donemde yasadigimiz pandemi kosullarinda sosyallesmenin insanlar icin temel gereksinimlerden bir tanesi oldugu da daha net bir sekilde ortaya cikmistir. Tarihsel surec icerisinde engelliler cesitli sekillerde insanlik disi muameleye maruz kalmis, eksik sakat vb. tanimlamalarla sosyal yasamin disina itilmistir. Bu durum ozellikle Hitler Almanya’sinda saglam toplum (Ableism) yaratma projesi kapsaminda engellileri kisirlastirma ve ortadan kaldirma operasyonlarina (Aktion T4) kadar varmistir. Gunumuz modern toplumlarinda engellilerin temel beklentisi ayrimciliga ugramadan yasayabilmektir. Yasadiklari konut icinde omrunu geciren engellilerin, her bireyin temel hakki olan, mutlu bir yasam surmeleri neredeyse imkansizdir. Bu baglamda insanlari hareket kabiliyetlerindeki kisitliliktan dolayi evlerine mahkum ederek onlari sosyal cevreden dislamak yerine yasam sartlarini iyilestirmek adina, yasanan problemler tespit edilerek, cozumler sunmak gereklidir. Engelliler ve sosyal yasam arasindaki en buyuk bariyer engellilerin sosyal yasama erisebilmesidir. Bu makalede oncelikle engelliligin kavramsal ifadesi incelenerek yasal duzenlemelerin son durumu degerlendirilmistir. Engellilerin yasadigi problemlerin en basinda gelen sosyal yasama ulasabilme konusunda asansorlerde, rampalarda, kaldirimlarda, alt-ust gecitlerde, tasitlarla ulasimda, otoparklarda ve duraklarda yasanan problemler ve bu problemler icin cozum onerileri sunulmustur.
{"title":"TEKERLEKLİ SANDALYE KULLANAN ENGELLİLERİN SOSYAL HAYATA KATILIMINDA EN BÜYÜK ENGEL; YAPILI ÇEVREDE YAŞANAN PROBLEMLER ve ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ","authors":"Ali Mülayim, G. Azsöz","doi":"10.21560/spcd.vi.821013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21560/spcd.vi.821013","url":null,"abstract":"Engelliler icin mimari tasarim, kisilerin hareket kabiliyetlerindeki kisitliliktan kaynaklanan sorunlari en alt duzeye indirerek, alanlari ve mekânlari yaratma surecidir. Engel durumuna gore yapilmasi gereken eylemler farklilik gosterir. Bu makalede daha cok tekerlekli sandalye kullanan engelliler icin cozum onerileri sunulmustur. Ozellikle son donemde yasadigimiz pandemi kosullarinda sosyallesmenin insanlar icin temel gereksinimlerden bir tanesi oldugu da daha net bir sekilde ortaya cikmistir. Tarihsel surec icerisinde engelliler cesitli sekillerde insanlik disi muameleye maruz kalmis, eksik sakat vb. tanimlamalarla sosyal yasamin disina itilmistir. Bu durum ozellikle Hitler Almanya’sinda saglam toplum (Ableism) yaratma projesi kapsaminda engellileri kisirlastirma ve ortadan kaldirma operasyonlarina (Aktion T4) kadar varmistir. Gunumuz modern toplumlarinda engellilerin temel beklentisi ayrimciliga ugramadan yasayabilmektir. Yasadiklari konut icinde omrunu geciren engellilerin, her bireyin temel hakki olan, mutlu bir yasam surmeleri neredeyse imkansizdir. Bu baglamda insanlari hareket kabiliyetlerindeki kisitliliktan dolayi evlerine mahkum ederek onlari sosyal cevreden dislamak yerine yasam sartlarini iyilestirmek adina, yasanan problemler tespit edilerek, cozumler sunmak gereklidir. Engelliler ve sosyal yasam arasindaki en buyuk bariyer engellilerin sosyal yasama erisebilmesidir. Bu makalede oncelikle engelliligin kavramsal ifadesi incelenerek yasal duzenlemelerin son durumu degerlendirilmistir. Engellilerin yasadigi problemlerin en basinda gelen sosyal yasama ulasabilme konusunda asansorlerde, rampalarda, kaldirimlarda, alt-ust gecitlerde, tasitlarla ulasimda, otoparklarda ve duraklarda yasanan problemler ve bu problemler icin cozum onerileri sunulmustur.","PeriodicalId":122285,"journal":{"name":"Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi","volume":"85 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132273302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a result of factors such as industrialization, urbanization, advances in science and technology are decreasing in the world and life expectancy at birth increases. As a natural consequence of this, the world population is ageing at an increasing rate and the population ratio is increasing. These changes in the demographic structure require the development of global solutions and policies in order to live in a way that is worthy of human dignity. This situation has mobilized many institutions at national and international scale. In the meetings held within this scope, the phenomenon of ageing was handled in a multidimensional way and various decisions were taken to improve the well-being of elderly people. In this context, the Active Ageing Policy Framework was published by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2002 to support developing countries and to strengthen health and social policies in the ageing world. However, the Age-Friendly Cities (Age-Friendly Cities) Project, which aims active and healthy ageing, has been put into practice, since it is not possible for all individuals in the society to participate effectively and fully in the society without a regulation in environmental architecture. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate age-friendly cities in the context of active ageing. In this context, the ageing population and urbanization issues were primarily discussed. And then the age friendly city concept was explained and age friendly city practice in the world and in Turkey evaluated in the context of active ageing and inferences have been made.
{"title":"AKTİF YAŞLANMA BAĞLAMINDA YAŞ DOSTU KENT KAVRAMI","authors":"Betül Tamkoç, Ömer Faruk Bilgin","doi":"10.21560/spcd.vi.816372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21560/spcd.vi.816372","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of factors such as industrialization, urbanization, advances in science and technology are decreasing in the world and life expectancy at birth increases. As a natural consequence of this, the world population is ageing at an increasing rate and the population ratio is increasing. These changes in the demographic structure require the development of global solutions and policies in order to live in a way that is worthy of human dignity. This situation has mobilized many institutions at national and international scale. In the meetings held within this scope, the phenomenon of ageing was handled in a multidimensional way and various decisions were taken to improve the well-being of elderly people. In this context, the Active Ageing Policy Framework was published by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2002 to support developing countries and to strengthen health and social policies in the ageing world. However, the Age-Friendly Cities (Age-Friendly Cities) Project, which aims active and healthy ageing, has been put into practice, since it is not possible for all individuals in the society to participate effectively and fully in the society without a regulation in environmental architecture. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate age-friendly cities in the context of active ageing. In this context, the ageing population and urbanization issues were primarily discussed. And then the age friendly city concept was explained and age friendly city practice in the world and in Turkey evaluated in the context of active ageing and inferences have been made.","PeriodicalId":122285,"journal":{"name":"Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130680545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"KONYA MEVLANA KÜLTÜR MERKEZİNİN ERİŞİLEBİLİRLİK AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ","authors":"H. Arslan, S. Acar","doi":"10.21560/spcd.vi.821046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21560/spcd.vi.821046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":122285,"journal":{"name":"Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128324257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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