Pub Date : 2022-12-01Epub Date: 2022-07-19DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2022.2102084
Junmin Ji, Miaomiao Jiang, Yaxin Zhang, Jie Hou, Shangde Sun
Aflatoxins have been detected as contaminants of oil crops before harvesting and drying, during storage and manufacturing and could be transferable to plant oils. There are more than 20 different types of aflatoxins, among which the most commonly occurring are the B1, B2, G1 and G2. Concentrations of these four aflatoxins were determined in plant oils from retail shops in China and in crude peanut oil extracted from culled mouldy peanuts by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Overall, aflatoxins were present in 25 of the 63 samples. The four aflatoxins co-existed in vegetable oil, but the content of AFB1 was usually higher than the other aflatoxins. Particularly in the case of highly contaminated oil samples, AFB1 accounted for 68% of the total aflatoxins. According to the health risk assessment, the low margin of exposure values from AFB1 in oils suggests a high level of concern for children.
{"title":"Co-occurrence of aflatoxins in plant oil products from China.","authors":"Junmin Ji, Miaomiao Jiang, Yaxin Zhang, Jie Hou, Shangde Sun","doi":"10.1080/19393210.2022.2102084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19393210.2022.2102084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aflatoxins have been detected as contaminants of oil crops before harvesting and drying, during storage and manufacturing and could be transferable to plant oils. There are more than 20 different types of aflatoxins, among which the most commonly occurring are the B<sub>1</sub>, B<sub>2</sub>, G<sub>1</sub> and G<sub>2</sub>. Concentrations of these four aflatoxins were determined in plant oils from retail shops in China and in crude peanut oil extracted from culled mouldy peanuts by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Overall, aflatoxins were present in 25 of the 63 samples. The four aflatoxins co-existed in vegetable oil, but the content of AFB<sub>1</sub> was usually higher than the other aflatoxins. Particularly in the case of highly contaminated oil samples, AFB<sub>1</sub> accounted for 68% of the total aflatoxins. According to the health risk assessment, the low margin of exposure values from AFB<sub>1</sub> in oils suggests a high level of concern for children.</p>","PeriodicalId":12286,"journal":{"name":"Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40629359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01Epub Date: 2022-08-12DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2022.2106313
Milana Lazović, Vladimir Tomović, Ivana Vasiljević, Isidora Kecojević, Mila Tomović, Aleksandra Martinović, Tanja Žugić Petrović, Bojana Danilović, Dragan Vujadinović, Igor Tomašević, Milenko Smiljanić, Vesna Đorđević
The European Commission has established legislation for toxic metals in certain foodstuffs in order to protect public health already in 1993. After several amendments, new maximum levels for cadmium and lead in certain foods were set as per 30 and 31 August 2021 for lead and cadmium, respectively. The new Serbian Regulation on "maximum levels of certain contaminants in food" is fully harmonised with this European legislation. The concentrations of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As) were determined in 832 samples of 39 species of fruits and processed fruits, collected during the period January 2015 to December 2017. Fruits and fruit products originated from 45 countries, including Serbia. Samples were analysed by inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Concentrations of cadmium, lead, mercury, and arsenic in fruits and fruit products were compared to these maximum levels (MLs). Overall, measurable Cd, Pb, Hg, and As were found in 377 samples (45.3%). According to the former regulations, the maximum levels of Cd and Pb for analysed fruits and fruit products were exceeded in only 10 samples (1.20%; n = 832): Cd in 6 and Pb in 4 samples, but according to the latest regulations, the maximum levels of Cd and Pb for fruits were exceeded in 196 of the samples (23.9%; n = 820): Cd in 191 and Pb in 5 samples. The increase of ML exceedances shows that attention needs to be paid for compliance of food to the recent MLs for these metals.
{"title":"Cadmium, lead, mercury, and arsenic in fresh fruits and fruit products intended for human consumption in the Republic of Serbia, 2015-2017.","authors":"Milana Lazović, Vladimir Tomović, Ivana Vasiljević, Isidora Kecojević, Mila Tomović, Aleksandra Martinović, Tanja Žugić Petrović, Bojana Danilović, Dragan Vujadinović, Igor Tomašević, Milenko Smiljanić, Vesna Đorđević","doi":"10.1080/19393210.2022.2106313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19393210.2022.2106313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The European Commission has established legislation for toxic metals in certain foodstuffs in order to protect public health already in 1993. After several amendments, new maximum levels for cadmium and lead in certain foods were set as per 30 and 31 August 2021 for lead and cadmium, respectively. The new Serbian Regulation on \"maximum levels of certain contaminants in food\" is fully harmonised with this European legislation. The concentrations of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As) were determined in 832 samples of 39 species of fruits and processed fruits, collected during the period January 2015 to December 2017. Fruits and fruit products originated from 45 countries, including Serbia. Samples were analysed by inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Concentrations of cadmium, lead, mercury, and arsenic in fruits and fruit products were compared to these maximum levels (MLs). Overall, measurable Cd, Pb, Hg, and As were found in 377 samples (45.3%). According to the former regulations, the maximum levels of Cd and Pb for analysed fruits and fruit products were exceeded in only 10 samples (1.20%; n = 832): Cd in 6 and Pb in 4 samples, but according to the latest regulations, the maximum levels of Cd and Pb for fruits were exceeded in 196 of the samples (23.9%; n = 820): Cd in 191 and Pb in 5 samples. The increase of ML exceedances shows that attention needs to be paid for compliance of food to the recent MLs for these metals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12286,"journal":{"name":"Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40606713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01Epub Date: 2022-08-17DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2022.2106518
Philippe Szternfeld, Alexios Marakis, Marie-Louise Scippo, Els Van Hoeck, Laure Joly
A total of 120 spices and herbs bought on the Belgian market have been analysed for occurrence of the four EU regulated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (ΣPAH4). Samples were sorted in three groups according to their use: traditional spices, exotic spices, and herbs. Benzo[a]pyrene has been detected in 56% of samples, while ΣPAH4 were found in 96% of samples. ΣPAH4 were evenly distributed among the three groups with a median content of 7.2 for traditional spices, 5.5 for exotic spices and 6.0 µg kg-1 for herbs. According to the EU legislation, three samples were exceeding maximal limits, with a maximum ΣPAH4 content of 164 µg kg-1. The ΣPAH4 dietary intake has been estimated at 1.4 and 27.8 ng day-1 for average and high consumption, respectively. The risk for the consumer was evaluated by using the margin of exposure (MOE). In all cases, MOE were >20 000, indicating a low concern for the population.
在比利时市场上购买的总共120种香料和草药已被分析是否存在四种欧盟管制的多环芳烃(ΣPAH4)。样品根据其用途分为三组:传统香料、外来香料和草药。在56%的样本中检测到苯并[a]芘,而在96%的样本中发现ΣPAH4。ΣPAH4在三组中分布均匀,传统香料中位数含量为7.2,外来香料中位数含量为5.5,中草药中位数含量为6.0µg kg-1。根据欧盟法规,三个样品超过了最大限量,ΣPAH4的最大含量为164µg kg-1。平均和高摄入量的ΣPAH4膳食摄入量分别为1.4和27.8 ng day-1。使用暴露边际(MOE)对消费者的风险进行评估。所有病例的MOE均>2万,表明对人群的关注度较低。
{"title":"Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in spices and dried herbs and associated risk for the Belgian population.","authors":"Philippe Szternfeld, Alexios Marakis, Marie-Louise Scippo, Els Van Hoeck, Laure Joly","doi":"10.1080/19393210.2022.2106518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19393210.2022.2106518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A total of 120 spices and herbs bought on the Belgian market have been analysed for occurrence of the four EU regulated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (ΣPAH4). Samples were sorted in three groups according to their use: traditional spices, exotic spices, and herbs. Benzo[a]pyrene has been detected in 56% of samples, while ΣPAH4 were found in 96% of samples. ΣPAH4 were evenly distributed among the three groups with a median content of 7.2 for traditional spices, 5.5 for exotic spices and 6.0 µg kg<sup>-1</sup> for herbs. According to the EU legislation, three samples were exceeding maximal limits, with a maximum ΣPAH4 content of 164 µg kg<sup>-1</sup>. The ΣPAH4 dietary intake has been estimated at 1.4 and 27.8 ng day<sup>-1</sup> for average and high consumption, respectively. The risk for the consumer was evaluated by using the margin of exposure (MOE). In all cases, MOE were >20 000, indicating a low concern for the population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12286,"journal":{"name":"Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40703097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01Epub Date: 2022-06-19DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2022.2070932
Minh Quang Bui, Thuy Cam Quan, Quang Trung Nguyen, Thanh-Thien Tran-Lam, Yen Hai Dao
Multi-element analysis combined with chemometric method has been used to investigate the distinguish between Sengcu rice and other types of rice origins in Vietnam. In Sengcu rice, As, Ba Sr, Pb, Ca, Se were confirmed as the key elements for geographical traceability among three fields of Lao Cai, whereas Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Ag, As were major factors to distinguish between Sengcu and other types of rice. Based on linear discriminant analysis and partial least squares-discriminant analysis model, overall correct identification rates distinguishing between Sengcu and other types of rice were approximately 100% in both training and validation test. Moreover, to distinguish geographical origin of Sengcu rice samples, these rates vary from 80% to 99%. These results suggest the presence of food adulteration illustrated in the latter.
{"title":"Geographical origin traceability of Sengcu rice using elemental markers and multivariate analysis.","authors":"Minh Quang Bui, Thuy Cam Quan, Quang Trung Nguyen, Thanh-Thien Tran-Lam, Yen Hai Dao","doi":"10.1080/19393210.2022.2070932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19393210.2022.2070932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multi-element analysis combined with chemometric method has been used to investigate the distinguish between Sengcu rice and other types of rice origins in Vietnam. In Sengcu rice, As, Ba Sr, Pb, Ca, Se were confirmed as the key elements for geographical traceability among three fields of Lao Cai, whereas Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Ag, As were major factors to distinguish between Sengcu and other types of rice. Based on linear discriminant analysis and partial least squares-discriminant analysis model, overall correct identification rates distinguishing between Sengcu and other types of rice were approximately 100% in both training and validation test. Moreover, to distinguish geographical origin of Sengcu rice samples, these rates vary from 80% to 99%. These results suggest the presence of food adulteration illustrated in the latter.</p>","PeriodicalId":12286,"journal":{"name":"Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40057279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2022.2084567
P. Yıldırım, M. Cardak, S. Çolakoğlu, Gülen Türker, H. Ormancı
ABSTRACT Twelve trace elements were studied in four economically important bivalve molluscs (Mediterranean mussel, manila clam, striped venus clam, and truncated wedge clam) from the southern Marmara Sea for seasonal bioaccumulation and human health risk assessment. According to the findings, Fe and Zn were the most accumulative and element concentrations changed considerably (P < 0.05) between seasons and species. Daily, weekly, monthly intake and target hazard quotients of the trace elements were estimated and compared with maximum limits. The results revealed that consuming these bivalve molluscs from the southern Marmara Sea could be considered safe for human consumption. Nevertheless, further monitoring is needed in order to better follow the development in time of elemental pollution due to increasing environmental pressure on the Marmara Sea basin, together with research on other different bioaccumulative organisms.
{"title":"Seasonal variations and human health risk assessment of trace elements in the bivalve ecosystem in the Sea of Marmara","authors":"P. Yıldırım, M. Cardak, S. Çolakoğlu, Gülen Türker, H. Ormancı","doi":"10.1080/19393210.2022.2084567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19393210.2022.2084567","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Twelve trace elements were studied in four economically important bivalve molluscs (Mediterranean mussel, manila clam, striped venus clam, and truncated wedge clam) from the southern Marmara Sea for seasonal bioaccumulation and human health risk assessment. According to the findings, Fe and Zn were the most accumulative and element concentrations changed considerably (P < 0.05) between seasons and species. Daily, weekly, monthly intake and target hazard quotients of the trace elements were estimated and compared with maximum limits. The results revealed that consuming these bivalve molluscs from the southern Marmara Sea could be considered safe for human consumption. Nevertheless, further monitoring is needed in order to better follow the development in time of elemental pollution due to increasing environmental pressure on the Marmara Sea basin, together with research on other different bioaccumulative organisms.","PeriodicalId":12286,"journal":{"name":"Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88743797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-06DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2022.2085330
S. Barakat, K. Swaileh
ABSTRACT Ninety-seven spices of seven different types were collected from different retailers in the West Bank of Palestine and were analysed for fungal contamination, specifically aflatoxigenic Aspergillus spp. and Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) levels. Aspergillus was found in 89% samples analysed. Ground red chilli had the highest average number of fungal colonies. In decreasing order, mixed spices (57%), cardamom (53%), red chilli (52%), chicken spices (50%), sumac (47%) and pepper (38%), were contaminated with Aspergillus species. Aspergillus niger and A. flavus were dominating Aspergillus species in 37% and 23% of food samples analysed, respectively. Of the 11 tested isolates, 82% were identified as aflatoxin-producers. AFB1 was detected in 40.2% of the samples analysed with a mean value of 2.09 ± 3.20 μg/kg. Red chilli powder followed by chicken spices and cardamom recorded the highest levels (6.98, 3.55 and 1.48 μg/kg, respectively). Twenty-two of the spices (23%), were above the European Union's maximum limit of 5 μg/kg.
{"title":"Fungal contamination, aflatoxigenic fungi and levels of aflatoxin B1 in spices marketed in the West Bank of Palestine","authors":"S. Barakat, K. Swaileh","doi":"10.1080/19393210.2022.2085330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19393210.2022.2085330","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Ninety-seven spices of seven different types were collected from different retailers in the West Bank of Palestine and were analysed for fungal contamination, specifically aflatoxigenic Aspergillus spp. and Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) levels. Aspergillus was found in 89% samples analysed. Ground red chilli had the highest average number of fungal colonies. In decreasing order, mixed spices (57%), cardamom (53%), red chilli (52%), chicken spices (50%), sumac (47%) and pepper (38%), were contaminated with Aspergillus species. Aspergillus niger and A. flavus were dominating Aspergillus species in 37% and 23% of food samples analysed, respectively. Of the 11 tested isolates, 82% were identified as aflatoxin-producers. AFB1 was detected in 40.2% of the samples analysed with a mean value of 2.09 ± 3.20 μg/kg. Red chilli powder followed by chicken spices and cardamom recorded the highest levels (6.98, 3.55 and 1.48 μg/kg, respectively). Twenty-two of the spices (23%), were above the European Union's maximum limit of 5 μg/kg.","PeriodicalId":12286,"journal":{"name":"Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78923224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-06DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2022.2075473
A. Casaroli, M. Boniardi, R. Gerosa, F. Bilo, L. Borgese, P. Cirelli, L. Depero
ABSTRACT The release of chromium, nickel, and manganese from knives stainless steel produced in Italy and People’s Republic of China was investigated with the aim to check their quality and compliance with Italian Ministerial Decree 21.03.73, which is the most detailed text for the hygiene regulation of packaging, containers, and tools intended for food contact. Temperature effect on metal release is investigated in 18 sets of knives. Tests are performed by simulating discontinuous contact using a 3% glacial acetic acid solution in distilled water at 50°C and 100°C. Chromium, nickel, and manganese quantification is performed by total reflection X-Ray fluorescence. Chemical composition highlights low sulphur content, and most of them belong to the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) 420 type A stainless steel group. Tests performed at 100°C revealed higher concentration of released metals. Only three knives tested at 100°C exceed the limit of 100 µg L−1.
本文对意大利和中华人民共和国生产的不锈钢刀具中铬、镍和锰的释放情况进行了调查,目的是检查其质量是否符合意大利第21.03.73号部长令,该令是食品接触包装、容器和工具卫生法规中最详细的文本。在18套刀具中研究了温度对金属释放的影响。在50°C和100°C的蒸馏水中使用3%冰醋酸溶液模拟不连续接触进行试验。铬、镍和锰的定量是通过全反射x射线荧光进行的。化学成分突出硫含量低,多数属于美国钢铁协会(AISI) 420型A型不锈钢组。在100°C下进行的测试显示,释放的金属浓度更高。在100°C下,只有三种刀具超过了100 μ g L−1的限值。
{"title":"Metals release from stainless steel knives in simulated food contact","authors":"A. Casaroli, M. Boniardi, R. Gerosa, F. Bilo, L. Borgese, P. Cirelli, L. Depero","doi":"10.1080/19393210.2022.2075473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19393210.2022.2075473","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The release of chromium, nickel, and manganese from knives stainless steel produced in Italy and People’s Republic of China was investigated with the aim to check their quality and compliance with Italian Ministerial Decree 21.03.73, which is the most detailed text for the hygiene regulation of packaging, containers, and tools intended for food contact. Temperature effect on metal release is investigated in 18 sets of knives. Tests are performed by simulating discontinuous contact using a 3% glacial acetic acid solution in distilled water at 50°C and 100°C. Chromium, nickel, and manganese quantification is performed by total reflection X-Ray fluorescence. Chemical composition highlights low sulphur content, and most of them belong to the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) 420 type A stainless steel group. Tests performed at 100°C revealed higher concentration of released metals. Only three knives tested at 100°C exceed the limit of 100 µg L−1.","PeriodicalId":12286,"journal":{"name":"Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87791153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01Epub Date: 2022-01-25DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2022.2028196
Hanane Choubbane, Abdallah Ouakhssase, Adil Chahid, Moha Taourirte, Ahmed Aamouche
This survey reports the monitoring of multi-pesticide residues of some fruits and vegetables sold in the local markets, sampled in 2018-2019, in the Souss Massa region in Morocco. A QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS method for 202 pesticides, belonging to different classes (carbamates, organophosphorus and organonitrogen pesticides) was applied and 51 samples were randomly bought from the local market, belonging to different products (tomato, cucumber, coriander, apricot, parsley, potato, zucchini, green bean, lettuce, strawberry and orange) and analysed for pesticide residues, which were detected in 69% of the samples, below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) for some pesticides which represent 14% of the targeted compounds. The most frequently detected compounds were acetamiprid, acibenzolar-s-methyl, abamectin, azoxystrobin, bifenazate, bitertanol, bromuconazole, butoxycarboxim, cyromazine, difenoconazole, epoxiconazole, fenbuconazole, fluometuron, linuron, metaflumizone, metconazole, metribuzin, myclobutanil, pirimicarb, pyraclostrobin, propamocarb, rotenone, trichlorfon, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, thiamethoxam and thiophanate-methyl. The obtained results provide a value to the situation of pesticide residues in Morocco.
{"title":"Pesticides in fruits and vegetables from the Souss Massa region, Morocco.","authors":"Hanane Choubbane, Abdallah Ouakhssase, Adil Chahid, Moha Taourirte, Ahmed Aamouche","doi":"10.1080/19393210.2022.2028196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19393210.2022.2028196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This survey reports the monitoring of multi-pesticide residues of some fruits and vegetables sold in the local markets, sampled in 2018-2019, in the Souss Massa region in Morocco. A QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS method for 202 pesticides, belonging to different classes (carbamates, organophosphorus and organonitrogen pesticides) was applied and 51 samples were randomly bought from the local market, belonging to different products (tomato, cucumber, coriander, apricot, parsley, potato, zucchini, green bean, lettuce, strawberry and orange) and analysed for pesticide residues, which were detected in 69% of the samples, below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) for some pesticides which represent 14% of the targeted compounds. The most frequently detected compounds were acetamiprid, acibenzolar-s-methyl, abamectin, azoxystrobin, bifenazate, bitertanol, bromuconazole, butoxycarboxim, cyromazine, difenoconazole, epoxiconazole, fenbuconazole, fluometuron, linuron, metaflumizone, metconazole, metribuzin, myclobutanil, pirimicarb, pyraclostrobin, propamocarb, rotenone, trichlorfon, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, thiamethoxam and thiophanate-methyl. The obtained results provide a value to the situation of pesticide residues in Morocco.</p>","PeriodicalId":12286,"journal":{"name":"Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39857089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01Epub Date: 2022-01-23DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2022.2028311
Jianxun Li, Wenhui Chen, Kailin Deng, Shuyan Liu, Bei Li, Yi Li
In this study, 142 pesticide residues in 245 strawberry samples, gathered from farmers markets or supermarkets in Beijing from June 2017 to May 2018, were investigated. The samples were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). According to the validation data, including linearity, recovery, precision and measurement uncertainty, the method performed well in monitoring pesticide residues and complied with the requirements of the European Guideline SANTE/11813/2017. Among the strawberry samples, 26.0% contained at least one pesticide residue, four of which contained pesticide residues that exceeded the maximum residue limit of China. Carbendazim, pyrimethanil and azoxystrobin were the most frequently detected pesticides in the strawberry samples. Lower bound, middle bound and upper bound values were used to replace left-censored results. In the worst-case scenario, the hazard index (HI) for adults and children was 0.91% and 3.62%, respectively. Carbofuran, bifenazate and pyraclostrobin were identified as the top three contributors to HI.
{"title":"Monitoring and dietary exposure assessment of pesticide residues in strawberry in Beijing, China.","authors":"Jianxun Li, Wenhui Chen, Kailin Deng, Shuyan Liu, Bei Li, Yi Li","doi":"10.1080/19393210.2022.2028311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19393210.2022.2028311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, 142 pesticide residues in 245 strawberry samples, gathered from farmers markets or supermarkets in Beijing from June 2017 to May 2018, were investigated. The samples were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). According to the validation data, including linearity, recovery, precision and measurement uncertainty, the method performed well in monitoring pesticide residues and complied with the requirements of the European Guideline SANTE/11813/2017. Among the strawberry samples, 26.0% contained at least one pesticide residue, four of which contained pesticide residues that exceeded the maximum residue limit of China. Carbendazim, pyrimethanil and azoxystrobin were the most frequently detected pesticides in the strawberry samples. Lower bound, middle bound and upper bound values were used to replace left-censored results. In the worst-case scenario, the hazard index (HI) for adults and children was 0.91% and 3.62%, respectively. Carbofuran, bifenazate and pyraclostrobin were identified as the top three contributors to HI.</p>","PeriodicalId":12286,"journal":{"name":"Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39940338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01Epub Date: 2022-02-03DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2022.2028310
Thiago Bousquet Bandini, Bernardete Ferraz Spisso
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are secondary plant metabolites that have already been designated as a potential health risk due to their toxicity. Quinolones are antimicrobials related to bacterial resistance, one of the world's largest contemporary public health problems. This study searched for 22 pyrrolizidine alkaloids and 7 quinolones in honey available for sale in the state of Rio de Janeiro - Brazil - employing an analytical method based on LC-Q-TOF-HRMS. No quinolones were identified, while pyrrolizidine alkaloids were found in 39 out of 80 samples, mainly erucifoline (detected in 17% of the samples) and intermedine/lycopsamine (quantified in 27% of the samples). Considering the highest value found, 141.8 µg kg-1 for senecionine and a consumption of 20 g of honey per person per day, the dietary exposure reached 47.3 ng kg-1, resulting in a MOE value of 5.010, that might lead to a risk for human health.
吡咯利西啶生物碱是次生植物代谢物,由于其毒性已被指定为潜在的健康风险。喹诺酮类药物是与细菌耐药性有关的抗微生物药物,细菌耐药性是当今世界最大的公共卫生问题之一。采用LC-Q-TOF-HRMS分析方法,对巴西里约热内卢市售蜂蜜中22种吡罗里西啶类生物碱和7种喹诺酮类药物进行了分析。80份样品中未检出喹诺酮类生物碱,39份样品中检出吡咯利西啶类生物碱,主要是绿弗林(检出率为17%)和中间体/番茄胺(检出率为27%)。考虑到所发现的最高值(141.8 μ g kg-1)和每人每天食用20 g蜂蜜,膳食暴露量达到47.3 ng kg-1,其MOE值为5.010,可能导致人体健康风险。
{"title":"Detection, dietary exposure assessment and risk evaluation of quinolones and pyrrolizidine alkaloids in commercial honey from Brazil.","authors":"Thiago Bousquet Bandini, Bernardete Ferraz Spisso","doi":"10.1080/19393210.2022.2028310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19393210.2022.2028310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are secondary plant metabolites that have already been designated as a potential health risk due to their toxicity. Quinolones are antimicrobials related to bacterial resistance, one of the world's largest contemporary public health problems. This study searched for 22 pyrrolizidine alkaloids and 7 quinolones in honey available for sale in the state of Rio de Janeiro - Brazil - employing an analytical method based on LC-Q-TOF-HRMS. No quinolones were identified, while pyrrolizidine alkaloids were found in 39 out of 80 samples, mainly erucifoline (detected in 17% of the samples) and intermedine/lycopsamine (quantified in 27% of the samples). Considering the highest value found, 141.8 µg kg<sup>-1</sup> for senecionine and a consumption of 20 g of honey per person per day, the dietary exposure reached 47.3 ng kg<sup>-1</sup>, resulting in a MOE value of 5.010, that might lead to a risk for human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12286,"journal":{"name":"Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39883828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}