Pub Date : 2003-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252722
A. Awasthi, M. Parent, J. Proth
Prediction of accurate travel time plays an essential role in determining the best route for any trip. The varying input flows arriving at the entrances of the system combined with the capacity constraints of the lanes lead to continuously changing system states and therefore dynamic travel times on the network. To study the network dynamics under piecewise constant flows, we begin with a single lane system. The analysis of the behaviour of the system is done to derive the travel time from the characteristics of the lane, the input flow and the constraints on the output flow.
{"title":"Computing travel time on a single lane using system analysis","authors":"A. Awasthi, M. Parent, J. Proth","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252722","url":null,"abstract":"Prediction of accurate travel time plays an essential role in determining the best route for any trip. The varying input flows arriving at the entrances of the system combined with the capacity constraints of the lanes lead to continuously changing system states and therefore dynamic travel times on the network. To study the network dynamics under piecewise constant flows, we begin with a single lane system. The analysis of the behaviour of the system is done to derive the travel time from the characteristics of the lane, the input flow and the constraints on the output flow.","PeriodicalId":123155,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123318607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252754
Gexiang Zhang, Yajun Gu, Laizhao Hu, Wei-dong Jin
When quantum-inspired genetic algorithm (QGA) is used to solve continuous function optimization problems, there are several shortcomings, such as non-determinability of lookup table of updating quantum gates, requiring prior knowledge of the best solution and premature phenomenon. So novel quantum genetic algorithm (NQGA) is proposed in this paper to solve continuous function optimization problems. The core of NQGA is that a new evolutionary strategy including qubit phase comparison approach to update quantum gates, adaptive search grid and catastrophe-mutation method is introduced. NQGA has good capability of balancing exploration and exploitation and has some excellent characteristics of both good global search capability and good local search capability, rapid convergence. And the convergence of NQGA is also analyzed in this paper. The results from the tests of several typically complex functions and experimental results of digital filter design demonstrate that NQGA is superior to several conventional genetic algorithms (CGAs) greatly in optimization quality and efficiency.
{"title":"A novel genetic algorithm and its application to digital filter design","authors":"Gexiang Zhang, Yajun Gu, Laizhao Hu, Wei-dong Jin","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252754","url":null,"abstract":"When quantum-inspired genetic algorithm (QGA) is used to solve continuous function optimization problems, there are several shortcomings, such as non-determinability of lookup table of updating quantum gates, requiring prior knowledge of the best solution and premature phenomenon. So novel quantum genetic algorithm (NQGA) is proposed in this paper to solve continuous function optimization problems. The core of NQGA is that a new evolutionary strategy including qubit phase comparison approach to update quantum gates, adaptive search grid and catastrophe-mutation method is introduced. NQGA has good capability of balancing exploration and exploitation and has some excellent characteristics of both good global search capability and good local search capability, rapid convergence. And the convergence of NQGA is also analyzed in this paper. The results from the tests of several typically complex functions and experimental results of digital filter design demonstrate that NQGA is superior to several conventional genetic algorithms (CGAs) greatly in optimization quality and efficiency.","PeriodicalId":123155,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115681053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252683
Dakai Yang, B. Cai, Yifang Yuan
Vehicle navigation system estimates vehicle location from Global Positioning System (GPS) or dead-reckoning (DR) system. However, because of unknown GPS noise, the estimated location has undesirable errors. The purpose of map matching (MM) algorithm is to locate the inaccuracy position of the vehicle to the map data that is referenced by the system. In this paper, a simple map-matching algorithm is discussed first. Then Kalman filtering and Dempster-Shafer (D-S) theory of evidence are introduced into the improved map-matching algorithm. The real road experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the improved algorithm, and it is found to produce better results.
{"title":"An improved map-matching algorithm used in vehicle navigation system","authors":"Dakai Yang, B. Cai, Yifang Yuan","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252683","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicle navigation system estimates vehicle location from Global Positioning System (GPS) or dead-reckoning (DR) system. However, because of unknown GPS noise, the estimated location has undesirable errors. The purpose of map matching (MM) algorithm is to locate the inaccuracy position of the vehicle to the map data that is referenced by the system. In this paper, a simple map-matching algorithm is discussed first. Then Kalman filtering and Dempster-Shafer (D-S) theory of evidence are introduced into the improved map-matching algorithm. The real road experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the improved algorithm, and it is found to produce better results.","PeriodicalId":123155,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115383058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252726
Yingjie Wang, L. Jia, Yong Qin
A railway transportation system is a typical spatio-temporal dynamic system. Cellular automata method is often used for road traffic flow research, but its homogeneity restriction makes it impossible to model railway transportation systems, because in railway transportation systems the objects cannot be divided into cells with same size and same transformation rule. Based on the research on railway transformation system's characteristics and cellular automata theory, the entity automata micro model is put forward in this paper. Entity automata divide the objects in railway transportation systems into several classes and every class entity has its own characteristics and transformation rule. It inherits the spatio-temporal computation characteristics of cellular automata and integrates object-oriented method. Simulation experiment result shows that it is feasible to model and simulate railway transportation systems by using entity automata.
{"title":"Application of entity automata to railway transportation system modeling and simulation","authors":"Yingjie Wang, L. Jia, Yong Qin","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252726","url":null,"abstract":"A railway transportation system is a typical spatio-temporal dynamic system. Cellular automata method is often used for road traffic flow research, but its homogeneity restriction makes it impossible to model railway transportation systems, because in railway transportation systems the objects cannot be divided into cells with same size and same transformation rule. Based on the research on railway transformation system's characteristics and cellular automata theory, the entity automata micro model is put forward in this paper. Entity automata divide the objects in railway transportation systems into several classes and every class entity has its own characteristics and transformation rule. It inherits the spatio-temporal computation characteristics of cellular automata and integrates object-oriented method. Simulation experiment result shows that it is feasible to model and simulate railway transportation systems by using entity automata.","PeriodicalId":123155,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125397454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252777
Dong Yumin, Rui Yannian, Shuai Dianxun
The modern and new type e-government system includes: "administration decision-making system", "administration carrying out system", "administration supervising system". The paper constructs a e-government system functional model by researching, and at the base of this, lucubrating the management of security, in particular, the popedom and digital signature on e-government. The paper establishes basic theory for constructing a convenient, secure, credible, new e-government system.
{"title":"The researching of constructing a convenient, safe, credible, new e-government system","authors":"Dong Yumin, Rui Yannian, Shuai Dianxun","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252777","url":null,"abstract":"The modern and new type e-government system includes: \"administration decision-making system\", \"administration carrying out system\", \"administration supervising system\". The paper constructs a e-government system functional model by researching, and at the base of this, lucubrating the management of security, in particular, the popedom and digital signature on e-government. The paper establishes basic theory for constructing a convenient, secure, credible, new e-government system.","PeriodicalId":123155,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124258764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252761
Li Jie, Fu Meng-yin
Integrated navigation system is becoming the trend of land vehicle navigation system. Therefore it has great meaning to study the key technologies involved, especially the technologies relative to electronic map. Based on these, combining with the practical vehicleGPS/dead-reckoning/electronic-map integrated navigation system, two problems relative to electronic map are emphatically introduced in this paper. One is an improved map-matching algorithm based on pattern recognition, because it integrates the advantages of map-matching algorithm based on projection and the advantages of map-matching algorithm based on pattern recognition, therefore this algorithm is very fast and efficient. Another is a fast route planning algorithm based on minimum cross angle, as it adopts a special heuristic search method, therefore it greatly reduces the time complexity and the space complexity of the algorithm execution.
{"title":"Research on route planning and map-matching in vehicle GPS/dead-reckoning/electronic map integrated navigation system","authors":"Li Jie, Fu Meng-yin","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252761","url":null,"abstract":"Integrated navigation system is becoming the trend of land vehicle navigation system. Therefore it has great meaning to study the key technologies involved, especially the technologies relative to electronic map. Based on these, combining with the practical vehicleGPS/dead-reckoning/electronic-map integrated navigation system, two problems relative to electronic map are emphatically introduced in this paper. One is an improved map-matching algorithm based on pattern recognition, because it integrates the advantages of map-matching algorithm based on projection and the advantages of map-matching algorithm based on pattern recognition, therefore this algorithm is very fast and efficient. Another is a fast route planning algorithm based on minimum cross angle, as it adopts a special heuristic search method, therefore it greatly reduces the time complexity and the space complexity of the algorithm execution.","PeriodicalId":123155,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"223 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124428936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252703
Li. Qiong, Ye Zhongfu, Gan Long
In the presence of sensor gain and phase uncertainties for sensor array, the problem of high-resolution estimation of DOA-Doppler frequency for multiple targets signals is addressed. Making use of rotational invariance technique and collecting data of targets signals at two known carrier frequencies, the proposed method in this paper can estimate DOA-Doppler frequency of multiple targets accurately. Simultaneously, sensor gain and phase factors can be estimated precisely, then the manifold of sensor array can be calibrated in the following step. Simulation and practical example results illustrate that this method has superior performance.
{"title":"DOA-and Doppler frequency estimation with array errors","authors":"Li. Qiong, Ye Zhongfu, Gan Long","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252703","url":null,"abstract":"In the presence of sensor gain and phase uncertainties for sensor array, the problem of high-resolution estimation of DOA-Doppler frequency for multiple targets signals is addressed. Making use of rotational invariance technique and collecting data of targets signals at two known carrier frequencies, the proposed method in this paper can estimate DOA-Doppler frequency of multiple targets accurately. Simultaneously, sensor gain and phase factors can be estimated precisely, then the manifold of sensor array can be calibrated in the following step. Simulation and practical example results illustrate that this method has superior performance.","PeriodicalId":123155,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123240155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252719
T. Asao, J. Ishimura, T. Wada, K. Tsukamoto
Lack of attention is one of the causes of traffic accidents. Mental workload brings about a decline of the attention. A conversation is a kind of a mental workload and many researches have been conducted. We clarify the influence of the contents of the conversations on the driving behavior by classifying and quantifying the contents. Short question are utilized as the conversation because it is difficult to deal with the contents of long sentences. Contents of the conversations are classified into two large groups of meaningful questions and meaningless questions for each subject. First, we measure eye movements using an EEG while subjects listen to the questions. Second, we investigate the driving behaviors while they listen to the questions. There are correlations between the alpha wave and the eye movements while they listen to the questions. Moreover, there are correlations between the driving behaviors and the eye movements.
{"title":"Influence of conversational contents on driving behaviors","authors":"T. Asao, J. Ishimura, T. Wada, K. Tsukamoto","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252719","url":null,"abstract":"Lack of attention is one of the causes of traffic accidents. Mental workload brings about a decline of the attention. A conversation is a kind of a mental workload and many researches have been conducted. We clarify the influence of the contents of the conversations on the driving behavior by classifying and quantifying the contents. Short question are utilized as the conversation because it is difficult to deal with the contents of long sentences. Contents of the conversations are classified into two large groups of meaningful questions and meaningless questions for each subject. First, we measure eye movements using an EEG while subjects listen to the questions. Second, we investigate the driving behaviors while they listen to the questions. There are correlations between the alpha wave and the eye movements while they listen to the questions. Moreover, there are correlations between the driving behaviors and the eye movements.","PeriodicalId":123155,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124996189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252706
W. Li, H. Leung
Accurate vehicle localization is very important for various applications of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) including cooperative driving, collision avoidance, and vehicle navigation. In this paper, a constrained unscented Kalman filter (CUKF) algorithm is proposed to fuse differential global position system (DGPS), inertial navigation system (INS) and digital map to estimate the vehicle states. Using the road geometry information obtained from a digital map database, some state constraints can be formed. The measurements of DGPS and INS are used to set up the dynamic and measurement equations of the nonlinear filtering. The vehicle states are first estimated by the loosely coupled DGPS/INS system and the unconstrained UKF, and then the UUKF estimates are projected into the state constraints to obtain the final CUKF estimates. Synthetic and real data are used to evaluate the performance of the CUKF algorithm for fusing DGPS, INS and digital map.
{"title":"Constrained unscented Kalman filter based fusion of GPS/INS/digital map for vehicle localization","authors":"W. Li, H. Leung","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252706","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate vehicle localization is very important for various applications of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) including cooperative driving, collision avoidance, and vehicle navigation. In this paper, a constrained unscented Kalman filter (CUKF) algorithm is proposed to fuse differential global position system (DGPS), inertial navigation system (INS) and digital map to estimate the vehicle states. Using the road geometry information obtained from a digital map database, some state constraints can be formed. The measurements of DGPS and INS are used to set up the dynamic and measurement equations of the nonlinear filtering. The vehicle states are first estimated by the loosely coupled DGPS/INS system and the unconstrained UKF, and then the UUKF estimates are projected into the state constraints to obtain the final CUKF estimates. Synthetic and real data are used to evaluate the performance of the CUKF algorithm for fusing DGPS, INS and digital map.","PeriodicalId":123155,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125064550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-19DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252741
P. Plainchault, J. Ehrlich, T. Bosch, S. Foret
To ensure active safety, various techniques are being used by car manufacturers. This paper relates how communication between vehicles and infrastructures by means of transponders can be used. In the first part, it reminded the communication principle. Then, results of simulation of the internal architecture of the reader are presented as well as the type and the structure of the exchanged information. At the end, a fast discussion shows that the two-axle vehicle model was used to justify the transponders organization in the tread. To assure an 8 cm picking up with regards to the ideal trajectory distance, it is necessary to arrange the transponders of all the meters.
{"title":"Use of 13.56 MHz transponders for vehicle infrastructure communication","authors":"P. Plainchault, J. Ehrlich, T. Bosch, S. Foret","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2003.1252741","url":null,"abstract":"To ensure active safety, various techniques are being used by car manufacturers. This paper relates how communication between vehicles and infrastructures by means of transponders can be used. In the first part, it reminded the communication principle. Then, results of simulation of the internal architecture of the reader are presented as well as the type and the structure of the exchanged information. At the end, a fast discussion shows that the two-axle vehicle model was used to justify the transponders organization in the tread. To assure an 8 cm picking up with regards to the ideal trajectory distance, it is necessary to arrange the transponders of all the meters.","PeriodicalId":123155,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127767349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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