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Bioeconomic Analysis of Snook Centropomus viridis, C. nigrescens, and C. medius for the Development of Mariculture in Northern Sinaloa 为在锡那罗亚北部发展海水养殖业而对金眼鲷(Centropomus viridis)、黑鲷(C. nigrescens)和中鲷(C. medius)进行的生物经济分析
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9010039
Celeste Osiris Montoya Ponce, Apolinar Santamaría Miranda, José Ángel Trigueros Salmerón, Juan Pablo Apún Molina, Francisco Guadalupe Valenzuela Orduño, Refugio Riquelmer Lugo Gamboa
The bioeconomy offers an opportunity to implement a truly sustainable global economy based on biological resources, which, thanks to biotechnologies, become renewable. In this study, we conducted a bioeconomic analysis of the three most important species of sea snook in northern Sinaloa using fishery and mathematical models to support the selection of the species with the highest growth and feasibility. Our results showed a condition factor lower than 1 (K < 1) for the three species. The size condition factor was higher in younger organisms for the three snook species. The growth rates were K = 0.320, K = 0.160, and K = 0.440 for C. viridis, C. nigrescens, and C. medius, respectively. Individual growth was 1.8 g/day for C. viridis, 1.47 g/day for C. nigrescens, and 0.91 g/day for C. medius. The length-to-weight ratio indicated negative allometric growth (b = 2.82, b = 2.72, and b = 2.73, respectively) for C. viridis, C. nigrescens, and C. medius. The simulation for possible commercial cultivation reflected varied sizes: 600 g for C. viridis and C. nigrescens and 400 g for C. medius. The financial projection of C. viridis produced IRRs of 14% and 48% in captured fishing and aquaculture models, respectively, with positive NPV. However, simulations for C. nigrescens and C. medius were not economically viable. We conclude that, according to the aquaculture model, the most financially feasible species to farm in the north of Sinaloa is C. viridis, which showed the highest growth based on fishery data compared to those for C. nigrescens and C. medius.
生物经济为在生物资源的基础上实现真正可持续的全球经济提供了机会,而生物资源在生物技术的作用下是可再生的。在这项研究中,我们利用渔业和数学模型对锡那罗亚州北部三个最重要的海蛇鱼种进行了生物经济分析,以支持选择具有最高生长速度和可行性的鱼种。结果显示,这三个鱼种的条件系数均低于 1(K < 1)。这三种塘鲉的体型条件因子在年轻生物中较高。箭鱼、黑箭鱼和中箭鱼的生长率分别为 K = 0.320、K = 0.160 和 K = 0.440。C. viridis 的个体生长量为 1.8 克/天,C. nigrescens 为 1.47 克/天,C. medius 为 0.91 克/天。长度重量比显示,C. viridis、C. nigrescens 和 C. medius 的负异速生长(b = 2.82、b = 2.72 和 b = 2.73)。可能的商业栽培模拟反映了不同的大小:C. viridis 和 C. nigrescens 为 600 克,C. medius 为 400 克。在捕获捕捞和水产养殖模型中,C. viridis 的财务预测产生的内部收益率分别为 14% 和 48%,净现值为正值。然而,对 C. nigrescens 和 C. medius 的模拟在经济上并不可行。我们的结论是,根据水产养殖模型,在锡那罗亚北部养殖经济上最可行的物种是 C. viridis,根据渔业数据,与 C. nigrescens 和 C. medius 相比,C. viridis 的增长率最高。
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引用次数: 0
New Insights in Lifetime Migrations of Albacore Tuna (Thunnus alalunga, Bonnaterre, 1788) between the Southwest Indian and the Southeast Atlantic Oceans Using Otolith Microchemistry 利用耳石微化学研究长鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus alalunga, Bonnaterre, 1788)在西南印度洋和东南大西洋之间终生洄游的新发现
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9010038
M. Labonne, Audrey M. Darnaude, Theotime Fily, Cécile Petit, N. Nikolic, Denham Parker, Stewart James Norman, N. Clear, J. Farley, J. Eveson, I. Artetxe-Arrate, Hilario Murua, Campbell Davies, Francis Marsac
To clarify potential trans-oceanic connectivity and variation in the natal origin of albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga) from the southwest Indian Ocean (SWI) and the southeast Atlantic (SA), lifetime otolith elemental signatures were assessed from 46 adults sampled from Reunion Island, and 26 juveniles(group 2+) sampled from two locations along the Atlantic coast of South Africa. LA-ICP-MS analysis was used to assess the multi-elemental composition in B, Ba, Mg, P, Sr, and Zn along the otolith edge (chemical signatures of the capture area), but also near the otolith primordium (spawning origin) and in an area located at 1400–1600 µm from it (nursery origin). Two groups of distinct near-primordium multi-elemental signatures, denoting potentially discrete spawning origins (SpO), were identified using hierarchical clustering. Each of the two SpO was found to contribute to the albacore stocks from all the areas sampled, suggesting a common spawning origin in some fish from the SWI and from the SA, and complex migrations between the two oceans. Three potentially discrete primary nursery sites were identified, each contributing to SA juvenile and SWI adult capture sites differently. The timing for the trans-oceanic movements observed for each albacore capture zone and its implications for local stock management are discussed.
为了澄清西南印度洋(SWI)和东南大西洋(SA)长鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus alalunga)潜在的跨洋连通性和产地差异,对从留尼汪岛采样的 46 尾成鱼和从南非大西洋沿岸两个地点采样的 26 尾幼鱼(第 2 组以上)的一生耳石元素特征进行了评估。采用 LA-ICP-MS 分析评估了耳石边缘(捕获区的化学特征)、耳石初生体附近(产卵起源)以及距初生体 1400-1600 µm 区域(育苗起源)的 B、Ba、Mg、P、Sr 和 Zn 等多元素组成。通过分层聚类,确定了两组不同的近耳石原基多元素特征,它们可能代表不同的产卵起源(SPO)。发现这两个 SpO 均对所有采样区域的长鳍金枪鱼种群有影响,这表明西南印度洋和南澳大利亚的一些鱼类有共同的产卵起源,并且在两大洋之间有复杂的洄游。确定了三个潜在的离散初级育苗地点,它们对南澳大利亚幼鱼和西南印度洋成鱼捕获地点的贡献各不相同。本文讨论了在每个长鳍金枪鱼捕获区观察到的跨洋洄游时间及其对当地种群管理的影响。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Marine Resource-Free Diets on Quality Attributes of Atlantic Salmon 无海洋资源膳食对大西洋鲑鱼质量属性的影响
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9010037
Ewen McLean, Kelly B. Campbell, David D. Kuhn, Michael F. Tlusty, Frederick T. Barrows
The influence of feeding Atlantic salmon for 90 days on diets that excluded fishmeal (FM) and fish oil (FO) was examined for influence on various quality traits. In addition, the effect of adding krill meal (KM; 0%, 2.5%, and 5%), as a putative feed palatant was also examined. Total replacement of FM/FO had a limited effect on production characteristics, affecting percentage yields of headed and gutted control fish and their standard length (p < 0.05). Variances between dietary groups were observed for pigmentation, and plant protein-based KM-free-fed fish returned deeper hues across their belly, NQC (Norwegian Quality Cut), and back portions (p < 0.03). No differences were measured for relative fin condition. δ13C and δ15N concentrations were lower and higher, respectively (p < 0.05) for fish fed the FM/FO-based diet. δ13C:δ15N likewise differed between treatments with FM/FO-fed salmon expressing higher ratios. Fillet mechanical characteristics varied with fish fed on animal protein-based diets, without KM expressing higher springiness and resilience (p < 0.05). Fish fed plant-based diets were generally preferred by younger taste testers. The results from this trial illustrate that FM/FO can be completely removed from salmon diets without problematic effects on quality and palatability attributes.
研究人员考察了大西洋鲑鱼在不含鱼粉(FM)和鱼油(FO)的日粮中饲养 90 天对各种质量性状的影响。此外,还研究了添加磷虾粉(KM;0%、2.5% 和 5%)作为饲料增味剂的影响。完全替代 FM/FO 对生产特性的影响有限,仅影响去头和去内脏对照鱼的产量百分比及其标准长度(p < 0.05)。在色素沉着方面观察到了不同日粮组间的差异,以植物蛋白为基础的无 KM 饲料喂养的鱼腹部、NQC(挪威优质鱼种)和背部色调较深(p < 0.03)。鳍的相对状况没有差异。喂食以 FM/FO 为基础的饲料的鱼类的 δ13C 和 δ15N 浓度分别较低和较高(p < 0.05)。δ13C:δ15N在不同处理之间也存在差异,FM/FO饲料喂养的鲑鱼δ13C:δ15N比率更高。鱼片的机械特性随以动物蛋白为基础的日粮的鱼类而变化,没有 KM 表现出更高的弹性和回弹性(p < 0.05)。以植物性饲料喂养的鱼通常更受年轻味觉测试者的青睐。这项试验的结果表明,可以从鲑鱼日粮中完全去除 FM/FO,而不会对质量和适口性属性产生问题。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Cold Stress on the Hemolymph of the Pacific White Shrimp Penaeus vannamei 冷应激对太平洋白对虾(Penaeus vannamei)血淋巴的影响
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-01-16 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9010036
Jianqiang Zhu, Wenjun Shi, Ran Zhao, Chen Gu, Hui Li, Libao Wang, Xihe Wan
Temperature is an important factor in the physiological processes of aquatic organisms and can seriously affect several chemical and biological processes in their bodies, including respiratory metabolism, antioxidant capacity, immune capacity, and signal transduction. In this study, physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses were used to investigate the response of Penaeus vannamei to cold stress. The results indicated that cold stress disrupted nucleotide metabolism and inhibited gluconeogenesis. However, shrimp exhibited response mechanisms in order to enhance cold tolerance, regulating changes in key genes and metabolites in amino acid and lipid metabolism to increase energy supply and protect cell membrane stability. In addition, the response included regulating Ca2+ pumps and ion channels to maintain intracellular ion homeostasis and osmotic balance. When the temperature dropped further, oxidative damage occurred due to overwhelming of the antioxidant defense system, and immune function was inhibited. This research provides some references regarding the molecular mechanisms involved in responding to cold stress and potential strategies to improve cold tolerance in P. vannamei; these are important references for studying the cold stress response of shrimp.
温度是水生生物生理过程中的一个重要因素,会严重影响其体内的多个化学和生物过程,包括呼吸代谢、抗氧化能力、免疫能力和信号转导。本研究采用生理学、转录组学和代谢组学分析方法研究了万年青对冷胁迫的响应。结果表明,冷胁迫破坏了核苷酸代谢,抑制了葡萄糖生成。然而,对虾表现出增强耐寒性的反应机制,调节氨基酸和脂质代谢中关键基因和代谢产物的变化,以增加能量供应和保护细胞膜的稳定性。此外,这种反应还包括调节 Ca2+ 泵和离子通道,以维持细胞内离子平衡和渗透平衡。当温度进一步下降时,由于抗氧化防御系统不堪重负而发生氧化损伤,免疫功能受到抑制。这项研究为研究凡纳滨对虾应对冷胁迫的分子机制以及提高其耐寒性的潜在策略提供了一些参考,对研究对虾的冷胁迫反应具有重要的参考价值。
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引用次数: 0
Network Analysis Reveals Species-Specific Organization of Microbial Communities in Four Co-Occurring Elasmobranch Species along the Georgia Coast 网络分析揭示了佐治亚海岸四种共生鳍鳃亚目物种微生物群落的物种特异性组织结构
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9010034
Kady Lyons, C N Bedore, Aaron B. Carlisle, Lauren Moniz, Timothy L. Odom, Rokeya Ahmed, S. Greiman, Ryan M. Freedman
Comparing co-occurring species may provide insights into how aspects of ecology may play a role in influencing their microbial communities. During the 2019 commercial shrimp trawl season off coastal Georgia, swabs of skin, gills, cloaca, and gut were taken for three species of batoids (Butterfly Ray, Bluntnose Stingray, and Atlantic Stingray) and one shark species (Atlantic Sharpnose) for high-throughput sequencing of the V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. White muscle was analyzed for stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) to evaluate potential niche overlap in these four sympatric mesopredators. Significant differences were found in both δ13C and δ15N signatures across species, suggesting a degree of resource partitioning. When examined within tissue type, the host species had a weak effect on β-diversity for cloaca and skin, with no differences found for gill and gut samples. However, network analysis metrics demonstrated a stronger species-specific effect and distinct microbial community relationships were apparent between the shark and batoids, with the former having tighter networks for both internally- and externally-influenced tissues (gut/cloaca and skin/gills, respectively). Despite overlapping habitat use, species’ microbiomes differed in their organizational structuring that paralleled differences in stable isotope results, suggesting a mediating role of species-specific ecology on bacterial microbiomes.
对共生物种进行比较,可以深入了解生态学方面如何对微生物群落产生影响。在 2019 年佐治亚沿海商业拖网捕虾季节,对三种双尾目动物(蝴蝶魟、钝吻魟和大西洋魟)和一种鲨鱼(大西洋尖吻鲨)采集了皮肤、鳃、泄殖腔和肠道拭子,对细菌 16S rRNA 基因 V4 区域进行了高通量测序。对白肌肉进行了稳定同位素(δ13C 和 δ15N)分析,以评估这四种同域间食肉动物潜在的生态位重叠。不同物种的δ13C和δ15N特征均存在显著差异,表明存在一定程度的资源分配。在对组织类型进行研究时,宿主物种对泄殖腔和皮肤的β多样性影响较弱,而对鳃和肠道样本则没有发现差异。然而,网络分析指标显示了更强的物种特异性影响,鲨鱼和双尾目动物之间明显存在不同的微生物群落关系,前者在内部和外部影响组织(分别为肠道/泄殖腔和皮肤/鳃)中都有更紧密的网络。尽管对栖息地的利用存在重叠,但物种的微生物群落在组织结构上存在差异,这与稳定同位素结果的差异相吻合,表明物种特有的生态学对细菌微生物群落起着中介作用。
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引用次数: 0
Does Size Matter? Small and Large Larvae of Pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) in a Comparative Gene Expression Analysis 大小重要吗?梭子鱼(Sander lucioperca)大小幼体的基因表达比较分析
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9010033
Katrin Tönißen, G. P. Franz, A. Rebl, Philipp Lutze, B. Grunow
Size differences are common in the aquaculture of fishes. In the larviculture of cannibalistic species such as pikeperch, they majorly influence mortality rates and consequently provoke losses in the aquaculture industry. With this study, we aim to reveal molecular differences between small and large pikeperch of the same age using a set of 20 genes associated with essential developmental processes. Hereby, we applied a general study design to early and late larval pikeperch before the onset of piscivory to explore the causes of growth differences in these developmental groups. The analysis of the expression levels showed developmental but not size-related differences in PGC1A, TGFB1, MYOD1, MRF4, and the collagens COL1A1 and COL1A2. Furthermore, increased head lengths were found in larger late larvae compared to their smaller conspecifics. While no uniquely size-related expression differences were found, the expression patterns of PGC1A in combination with TGFB1 as regulators of the citric acid cycle indicate a possible influence of mitochondrial energy metabolism. Furthermore, expression differences of MYOD1 and MRF4 point out possible temporal advantages of myogenetic processes in the larger late larval group and hypothesise growth advantages of the larger late larvae resulting from various influences, which provide a promising target for future research.
大小差异在鱼类养殖中很常见。在食人鱼类(如梭子鱼)的幼鱼养殖过程中,它们主要影响死亡率,从而造成水产养殖业的损失。通过这项研究,我们旨在利用一组与重要发育过程相关的 20 个基因来揭示同龄小梭子鱼和大梭子鱼之间的分子差异。因此,我们对开始食鱼前的早期和晚期梭子鱼幼体采用了一般的研究设计,以探索这些发育组生长差异的原因。表达水平分析表明,PGC1A、TGFB1、MYOD1、MRF4、胶原 COL1A1 和 COL1A2 存在发育差异,但与体型无关。此外,与体型较小的同种幼虫相比,体型较大的晚期幼虫头部长度增加。虽然没有发现与体型相关的独特表达差异,但作为柠檬酸循环调节因子的 PGC1A 和 TGFB1 的表达模式表明线粒体能量代谢可能会受到影响。此外,MYOD1 和 MRF4 的表达差异表明,大体型晚龄幼虫组的肌遗传过程可能具有时间优势,并假设大体型晚龄幼虫的生长优势是由各种影响因素造成的,这为未来的研究提供了一个很有前景的目标。
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引用次数: 0
Unraveling the Story of the Black Scorpionfish (Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758): Exploring Local Ecological Knowledge and the Exploitative History of a Marine Species 揭开黑蝎鱼(Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus,1758 年)的故事:探索当地生态知识和海洋物种的开发历史
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9010031
Francesco Tiralongo
In the Mediterranean Sea, and in marine areas worldwide, for most locations, data on species presence and abundance are generally poor or non-existent. When available, these data are generally reported only at small scale and/or for short temporal series. In this study, the investigation of abundance and size trends, along with some ecological aspects of the data-poor species Scorpaena porcus, commonly known as the Black Scorpionfish, was undertaken using FEK (Fishers’ Ecological Knowledge). The results clearly indicated a sharp reduction in both abundance and size over the last 21 years (2001–2021) of this species in the central Mediterranean Sea. The causes of this decline, and the importance of FEK, as well as Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK), in research and the assessment and management of biological resources are discussed.
在地中海和全球大部分海域,有关物种存在和丰度的数据通常很少或根本没有。即使有这些数据,通常也只是小规模和/或短时间序列的报告。在本研究中,利用 FEK(渔民生态知识)对数据贫乏的物种 Scorpaena porcus(俗称黑蝎子鱼)的丰度和大小趋势以及一些生态方面进行了调查。研究结果清楚地表明,在过去 21 年(2001-2021 年)里,地中海中部该物种的数量和大小都急剧下降。本文讨论了这一减少的原因,以及 FEK 和当地生态知识(LEK)在生物资源研究、评估和管理中的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Functional Adaptations of Hemocytes of Aplysia depilans (Gmelin, 1791) and Their Putative Role in Neuronal Regeneration 海底鳐(Gmelin,1791 年)血细胞的功能适应性及其在神经元再生中的假定作用
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9010032
Alessio Alesci, Angelo Fumia, Lorenza Mastrantonio, Sebastian Marino, Anthea Miller, M. Albano
Invertebrates show great diversity in their responses to neural damage. Numerous invertebrate phyla, including gastropods, can replace all or a portion of their nervous systems. Aplysia species have been utilized extensively in toxicology, ecology, and neuroscience because their neurological systems react to bodily harm by releasing trophic substances that can stimulate non-neural tissue regeneration and induce changes in the nervous system. This study aims to assess the putative role of hemocytes of Aplysia depilans (Gmelin, 1791) by analyzing the presence of Toll-like receptor 2, inducible nitric oxide synthetase, and, in particular, vimentin and α-tubulin, molecules potentially implicated in the process of neural regeneration. The results demonstrate that all the aforementioned proteins are present in hemocytes, suggesting their role in the defense response and their possible contribution to the neuronal regeneration process of this gastropod. These data provide deeper insight into the internal defense system of this mollusk.
无脊椎动物对神经损伤的反应多种多样。包括腹足纲在内的许多无脊椎动物门类都可以更换全部或部分神经系统。plysia 种类在毒理学、生态学和神经科学中被广泛使用,因为它们的神经系统对身体伤害的反应是释放营养物质,这些物质可以刺激非神经组织再生并诱导神经系统的变化。本研究旨在通过分析 Toll 样受体 2、诱导型一氧化氮合成酶,特别是可能与神经再生过程有关的分子--波形蛋白和 α-微管蛋白的存在,评估水蚤(Aplysia depilans)(Gmelin,1791 年)血细胞的假定作用。研究结果表明,上述所有蛋白质都存在于血细胞中,这表明它们在防御反应中的作用,以及它们可能对这种腹足动物的神经元再生过程做出的贡献。这些数据使人们对这种软体动物的内部防御系统有了更深入的了解。
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引用次数: 0
Growth and Oxidative Stress of Clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris Reared at Different Salinities 不同盐度下饲养的小丑鱼的生长和氧化应激
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9010030
Mario Davi Dias Carneiro, R. S. Medeiros, José María Monserrat, R. Rodrigues, Luís A Sampaio
Aquaculture of ornamental marine fish is often conducted in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) using artificial seawater. Considering the cost of salts to produce artificial seawater (salinity 35‰), we investigated the effect of different salinities (5, 15, 25, and 35‰) on survival, growth, and oxidative stress responses of juvenile clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris. All fish died when reared at salinity 5‰, but at all other salinities survival was ≥95% in the other treatment groups. There was no influence of salinity on growth and oxidative stress responses of clownfish reared at salinities 15, 25, and 35‰, except for the activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) of fish reared at 25‰, which was significantly lower compared to those reared in salinity 35‰. The salinity of home aquariums is usually 35‰, so even though clownfish can be reared in brackish water, they need to be transferred to full strength seawater (35‰) in order to be commercialized. Therefore, we also evaluated the responses of acute transference of fish reared at 15 to salinity 35‰. There were no mortalities associated with acute salinity transference and no oxidative damage was observed either. The total capacity against peroxyl radicals (ACAP) was immediately increased after fish were placed in salinity 35‰, and remained high after 168 h (7 days), helping fish to deal with oxidative threats. In conclusion, it is possible to rear juvenile clownfish at 15‰ without harming growth or inducing oxidative stress, possibly reducing costs of water salinization. They can be transferred from brackish water to salinity 35‰ immediately before going to the retail market, with no mortality or oxidative damage.
观赏海水鱼的养殖通常在使用人工海水的循环水养殖系统(RAS)中进行。考虑到生产人工海水(盐度 35‰)的盐成本,我们研究了不同盐度(5、15、25 和 35‰)对小丑鱼幼鱼存活、生长和氧化应激反应的影响。在盐度为 5‰的环境中饲养的小丑鱼全部死亡,但在所有其他盐度条件下,其他处理组的存活率均≥95%。盐度对小丑鱼在 15、25 和 35‰盐度下的生长和氧化应激反应没有影响,但 25‰盐度下饲养的小丑鱼的谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶(GST)活性明显低于 35‰盐度下饲养的小丑鱼。家庭水族箱的盐度通常为 35‰,因此,即使小丑鱼可以在咸水中饲养,也需要转移到全浓度海水(35‰)中才能商业化。因此,我们还评估了在 15 盐度下饲养的鱼类急性转移到 35 盐度下的反应。急性盐度转移没有造成死亡,也没有观察到氧化损伤。将鱼放入盐度为 35‰的环境中后,抗过氧自由基的总能力(ACAP)立即增加,168 小时(7 天)后仍保持较高水平,有助于鱼类应对氧化威胁。总之,在 15‰的盐度下饲养小丑鱼幼鱼不会损害其生长或诱发氧化应激,从而可能降低水体盐化的成本。它们可以在进入零售市场前立即从咸水转移到盐度为 35‰的水域,而且不会出现死亡或氧化损伤。
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引用次数: 0
Dietary Nanometer Selenium Enhances the Selenium Accumulation, Nutrient Composition and Antioxidant Status of Paramisgurnus dabryanus spp. 膳食纳米硒可提高大鲵硒的积累、营养成分和抗氧化状态
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9010028
Jianhua Chen, Shaopeng Xing, Haixin Xu, Honggeng Zhu, Huiyun Fu, Haihua Wang, Fugui Li, Ming Zhu
Selenium, an essential trace element, exerts beneficial effects on aquatic animals when present in suitable concentrations. This study investigates the effect of dietary nanometer selenium (Nano-Se) on the muscle selenium accumulation, nutrient composition, and antioxidant ability of Paramisgurnus dabryanus spp. Nano-Se was supplemented in the basal diets at levels of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 mg/kg. Three hundred fish, averaging 5.21 ± 0.06 g, were randomly divided into five groups and fed the experimental diet for 6 weeks. Fish with a dietary Nano-Se supplement of 0.2 mg/kg exhibited activities of SOD, GSH-Px, AKP, and CAT in the liver, which were significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared to the control diet, while MDA content was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the 0.2 mg/kg group. The muscle selenium content significantly increased (p < 0.05) at ≥0.2 mg/kg Nano-Se levels. The highest levels of essential amino acids, EAA/TAA, and EAA/NEAA ratios were observed in fish fed 0.2 mg of Nano-Se. Thus, this study recommends incorporating 0.2 mg of Nano-Se per kg in the diet to enhance antioxidant defense, selenium content, and nutrient composition.
硒是一种人体必需的微量元素,如果含量适宜,会对水生动物产生有益的影响。本研究探讨了膳食中添加纳米硒(Nano-Se)对大鳞鲃(Paramisgurnus dabryanus)的肌肉硒积累、营养成分和抗氧化能力的影响。将平均体重为 5.21 ± 0.06 克的 300 尾鱼随机分为五组,喂食实验日粮 6 周。与对照组相比,膳食中添加 0.2 mg/kg 纳米硒的鱼肝脏中 SOD、GSH-Px、AKP 和 CAT 的活性显著提高(p < 0.05),而 0.2 mg/kg 组的 MDA 含量显著降低(p < 0.05)。硒含量≥0.2 毫克/千克纳米硒时,肌肉中的硒含量明显增加(p < 0.05)。在喂食 0.2 毫克纳米硒的鱼类中,观察到必需氨基酸、EAA/TAA 和 EAA/NEAA 比率水平最高。因此,本研究建议在日粮中添加每公斤 0.2 毫克的纳米硒,以提高抗氧化防御能力、硒含量和营养成分。
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