Katharine N. Shelledy, Amy Y. Olsen, Alexander Tanz, Megan H. Williams, Jeff Christiansen, Heidi Wilken, Chris Van Damme, Shawn Larson
Rockfishes (Sebastes spp.) are a long-lived, understudied, multi-species fish assemblage in inland Washington (USA) waters. Driven by large-scale fishery removals in the 1970s, their numbers declined and have yet to recover, perhaps due to slow maturation and rare recruitment success. Since then, rockfish fishing restrictions have increased within Puget Sound, culminating in a 2010 total ban. Here, we analyze rockfish community trends (abundance and Shannon Diversity) within Puget Sound from 2009 to 2023. Our dataset includes 157 recorded dive transects from nine rocky or artificial reef habitats at depths 5–24 m throughout four Puget Sound basins: Admiralty Inlet (2 sites), Central Puget Sound (4 sites), Hood Canal (2 sites), and South Puget Sound (1 site). Significant differences in community species composition between basins were observed; we noted more Black (S. melanops), Yellowtail (S. flavidus), and Puget Sound (S. emphaeus) rockfish and fewer Brown rockfish (S. auriculatus) at sites in Admiralty Inlet vs. Central Puget Sound. Adult rockfish counts and Shannon Diversity varied seasonally, with higher rockfish counts and diversity indices in summer/autumn vs. winter/spring. Notably, we observed that total adult rockfish count per survey tended downward over time, driven partly by significant downward trends in Hood Canal Copper rockfish (S. caurinus) counts. We recommend continued monitoring and additional investigation into what factors besides fishing may be driving the trends reported here.
{"title":"Rockfish Species Trends in Puget Sound, Washington, USA, 2009–2023","authors":"Katharine N. Shelledy, Amy Y. Olsen, Alexander Tanz, Megan H. Williams, Jeff Christiansen, Heidi Wilken, Chris Van Damme, Shawn Larson","doi":"10.3390/fishes8100508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100508","url":null,"abstract":"Rockfishes (Sebastes spp.) are a long-lived, understudied, multi-species fish assemblage in inland Washington (USA) waters. Driven by large-scale fishery removals in the 1970s, their numbers declined and have yet to recover, perhaps due to slow maturation and rare recruitment success. Since then, rockfish fishing restrictions have increased within Puget Sound, culminating in a 2010 total ban. Here, we analyze rockfish community trends (abundance and Shannon Diversity) within Puget Sound from 2009 to 2023. Our dataset includes 157 recorded dive transects from nine rocky or artificial reef habitats at depths 5–24 m throughout four Puget Sound basins: Admiralty Inlet (2 sites), Central Puget Sound (4 sites), Hood Canal (2 sites), and South Puget Sound (1 site). Significant differences in community species composition between basins were observed; we noted more Black (S. melanops), Yellowtail (S. flavidus), and Puget Sound (S. emphaeus) rockfish and fewer Brown rockfish (S. auriculatus) at sites in Admiralty Inlet vs. Central Puget Sound. Adult rockfish counts and Shannon Diversity varied seasonally, with higher rockfish counts and diversity indices in summer/autumn vs. winter/spring. Notably, we observed that total adult rockfish count per survey tended downward over time, driven partly by significant downward trends in Hood Canal Copper rockfish (S. caurinus) counts. We recommend continued monitoring and additional investigation into what factors besides fishing may be driving the trends reported here.","PeriodicalId":12405,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136098367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yang Zhou, Li Xu, Zhongtang He, Weijie Cui, Qun Lu, Jianguang Qin, Shengqi Su, Tao He
Otoliths grow throughout a fish’s life and are important for identifying fish stocks and fish age. This study aims to differentiate different stocks of Schizothorax grahami (Regan, 1904) in the Chishui River, an upper reach of the Yangtze River, by otolith morphology. The otolith morphology of S. grahami from three different river sections was analyzed using the Shape Index, Fourier coefficients, and wavelet coefficients. The composite discrimination success rate of the Shape Index was 59.7%, and it was difficult to distinguish in the scatter plots. In contrast, canonical principal coordinate scatter plots clearly showed three distinguished stocks. The above results indicate that otolith morphology can discriminate between stocks in plateau endemic fish, and several S. grahami stocks may be separately managed in the Chishui River.
{"title":"Discrimination of Schizothorax grahami (Regan, 1904) Stocks Based on Otolith Morphology","authors":"Yang Zhou, Li Xu, Zhongtang He, Weijie Cui, Qun Lu, Jianguang Qin, Shengqi Su, Tao He","doi":"10.3390/fishes8100504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100504","url":null,"abstract":"Otoliths grow throughout a fish’s life and are important for identifying fish stocks and fish age. This study aims to differentiate different stocks of Schizothorax grahami (Regan, 1904) in the Chishui River, an upper reach of the Yangtze River, by otolith morphology. The otolith morphology of S. grahami from three different river sections was analyzed using the Shape Index, Fourier coefficients, and wavelet coefficients. The composite discrimination success rate of the Shape Index was 59.7%, and it was difficult to distinguish in the scatter plots. In contrast, canonical principal coordinate scatter plots clearly showed three distinguished stocks. The above results indicate that otolith morphology can discriminate between stocks in plateau endemic fish, and several S. grahami stocks may be separately managed in the Chishui River.","PeriodicalId":12405,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136352601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fish play a major role in the human nutritional system, and farmers need to know the accurate prediction of fish weight in order to optimize the production process and reduce costs. However, existing prediction methods are not efficient. The formulas for calculating fish weight are generally designed for a single species of fish or for species of a similar shape. In this paper, a new hybrid method called SFI-XGBoost is proposed. It combines the VIF (variance inflation factor), PCC (Pearson’s correlation coefficient), and XGBoost methods, and it covers different fish species. By applying GridSearchCV validation, normalization, augmentation, and encoding techniques, the obtained results show that SFI-XGBoost is more efficient than simple XGBoost. The model generated by our approach is more generalized, achieving accurate results with a wide variety of species. Using the r2_score evaluation metric, SFI-XGBoost achieves an accuracy rate of 99.94%.
{"title":"Optimizing XGBoost Performance for Fish Weight Prediction through Parameter Pre-Selection","authors":"Mahdi Hamzaoui, Mohamed Ould-Elhassen Aoueileyine, Lamia Romdhani, Ridha Bouallegue","doi":"10.3390/fishes8100505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100505","url":null,"abstract":"Fish play a major role in the human nutritional system, and farmers need to know the accurate prediction of fish weight in order to optimize the production process and reduce costs. However, existing prediction methods are not efficient. The formulas for calculating fish weight are generally designed for a single species of fish or for species of a similar shape. In this paper, a new hybrid method called SFI-XGBoost is proposed. It combines the VIF (variance inflation factor), PCC (Pearson’s correlation coefficient), and XGBoost methods, and it covers different fish species. By applying GridSearchCV validation, normalization, augmentation, and encoding techniques, the obtained results show that SFI-XGBoost is more efficient than simple XGBoost. The model generated by our approach is more generalized, achieving accurate results with a wide variety of species. Using the r2_score evaluation metric, SFI-XGBoost achieves an accuracy rate of 99.94%.","PeriodicalId":12405,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136294952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to study the community of fishery resources, five sampling sections were set up in the lower Yellow River from 2019 to 2022 to investigate the diversity of fishery resources. A total of 54 fish species were identified in the survey, belonging to 9 orders, 19 families, and 48 genera. The number of species reached its highest level since the Integrated Water Regulation of the Lower Yellow River in 1999. The original rare and endangered fish species in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, such as Coilia nasus, Rhinogobio nasutus, and Pseudobagrus ussuriensis, have reappeared in the lower reaches. The population and abundance of main economic fish and common small-sized fish in the lower reaches of the Yellow River have increased. These signs all indicate that, and the fishery resources are recovering slowly in the lower Yellow River. By comparing the fish resources of various investigation sections, it was found that there are differences in fish diversity: the closer to the estuarine waters, the higher the variety of fish in the Yellow River at the upper level of the taxonomic category. However, that section of the lower Yellow River where species evenness, species diversity, and community structure of fishery resources were most stable was the confluence of Dongping Lake into the Yellow River, which has the most significant number of fish species, the smallest Λ+ value, and the most extensive G-F index. The above results indicate that Dongping Lake, as the only lake connected to the lower reaches of the Yellow River, plays an essential role in replenishing fish resources in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.
{"title":"Taxonomic Diversity of Fish Species in the Lower Reaches of the Yellow River","authors":"Lufeng Sun, Xiuqi Li, Guancang Dong, Xuri Cong","doi":"10.3390/fishes8100503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100503","url":null,"abstract":"In order to study the community of fishery resources, five sampling sections were set up in the lower Yellow River from 2019 to 2022 to investigate the diversity of fishery resources. A total of 54 fish species were identified in the survey, belonging to 9 orders, 19 families, and 48 genera. The number of species reached its highest level since the Integrated Water Regulation of the Lower Yellow River in 1999. The original rare and endangered fish species in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, such as Coilia nasus, Rhinogobio nasutus, and Pseudobagrus ussuriensis, have reappeared in the lower reaches. The population and abundance of main economic fish and common small-sized fish in the lower reaches of the Yellow River have increased. These signs all indicate that, and the fishery resources are recovering slowly in the lower Yellow River. By comparing the fish resources of various investigation sections, it was found that there are differences in fish diversity: the closer to the estuarine waters, the higher the variety of fish in the Yellow River at the upper level of the taxonomic category. However, that section of the lower Yellow River where species evenness, species diversity, and community structure of fishery resources were most stable was the confluence of Dongping Lake into the Yellow River, which has the most significant number of fish species, the smallest Λ+ value, and the most extensive G-F index. The above results indicate that Dongping Lake, as the only lake connected to the lower reaches of the Yellow River, plays an essential role in replenishing fish resources in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.","PeriodicalId":12405,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135094011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abelneh Yimer Melaku, Liang Cao, Jiang-Zhong Shen, E Zhang
Since 2017, a fishing moratorium has been enforced in Lake Honghu as part of Chang–Jiang’s biodiversity conservation strategy. However, given that the lake is a semi-closed aquatic ecosystem and no longer serves as a habitat for certain fishes of the mid–lower Chang–Jiang basin, the efficacy of this moratorium remains uncertain. To address the question from a trophic ecology perspective, a stomach content analysis was performed on captured anchovies of C. brachygnathus, a current predominant species in Lake Honghu, from November 2020 to October 2021. The results showed that copepods, shrimps, and macrophytes were the main components of this anchovy’s diet, and there were size-related shifts in diets. The dominance of C. brachygnathus, a pelagic–littoral omnivore in this lake, implies a lacustrine environment shift triggered by continued human disturbances. The utilization of macrophytes as the main food items by large-sized anchovies of Lake Honghu has partially contributed to the rapid degradation of submerged vegetation. This highlights the need to remove large-sized individuals of C. brachygnathus and Carassius auratus, another benthic-omnivorous dominant fish, in order to effectively restore the aquatic vegetation and ecosystem of Lake Honghu. The current implementation of fishing moratoriums in subtropical shallow floodplain lakes such as Lake Honghu should be reviewed critically.
{"title":"Is a Fishing Moratorium Needed in Lake Honghu, Southern China? A Stomach Content Analysis of the Anchovy (Coilia brachygnathus)","authors":"Abelneh Yimer Melaku, Liang Cao, Jiang-Zhong Shen, E Zhang","doi":"10.3390/fishes8100501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100501","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2017, a fishing moratorium has been enforced in Lake Honghu as part of Chang–Jiang’s biodiversity conservation strategy. However, given that the lake is a semi-closed aquatic ecosystem and no longer serves as a habitat for certain fishes of the mid–lower Chang–Jiang basin, the efficacy of this moratorium remains uncertain. To address the question from a trophic ecology perspective, a stomach content analysis was performed on captured anchovies of C. brachygnathus, a current predominant species in Lake Honghu, from November 2020 to October 2021. The results showed that copepods, shrimps, and macrophytes were the main components of this anchovy’s diet, and there were size-related shifts in diets. The dominance of C. brachygnathus, a pelagic–littoral omnivore in this lake, implies a lacustrine environment shift triggered by continued human disturbances. The utilization of macrophytes as the main food items by large-sized anchovies of Lake Honghu has partially contributed to the rapid degradation of submerged vegetation. This highlights the need to remove large-sized individuals of C. brachygnathus and Carassius auratus, another benthic-omnivorous dominant fish, in order to effectively restore the aquatic vegetation and ecosystem of Lake Honghu. The current implementation of fishing moratoriums in subtropical shallow floodplain lakes such as Lake Honghu should be reviewed critically.","PeriodicalId":12405,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135197919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yifan Song, Shengmao Zhang, Fenghua Tang, Yongchuang Shi, Yumei Wu, Jianwen He, Yunyun Chen, Lin Li
Since 1985, China’s pelagic fishing industry has developed rapidly, but it still faces some problems, such as old equipment of fishing vessels, outdated fishing techniques, safety hazards, and non-standard behavior. In recent years, with the development of pelagic fishing, the working environment and monitoring of crew members have become increasingly important. However, traditional methods of pelagic human observers suffer from high costs, low coverage, poor timeliness, and susceptibility to subjective factors. In contrast, the Electronic Monitoring System (EMS) has advantages such as continuous operation under various weather conditions; more objective, transparent, and efficient data; and less interference with fishing operations. This paper shows how the 3DCNN model, LSTM+ResNet model, and TimeSformer model are applied to video-classification tasks, and for the first time, they are applied to an EMS. In addition, this paper tests and compares the application effects of the three models on video classification, and discusses the advantages and challenges of using them for video recognition. Through experiments, we obtained the accuracy and relevant indicators of video recognition using different models. The research results show that when NUM_FRAMES is set to 8, the LSTM+ResNet-50 model has the best performance, with an accuracy of 88.47%, an F1 score of 0.8881, and an map score of 0.8133. Analyzing the EMS for pelagic fishing can improve China’s performance level and management efficiency in pelagic fishing, and promote the development of the fishery knowledge service system and smart fishery engineering.
{"title":"Behavior Recognition of Squid Fishing Vessel Crew Based on Deep Learning","authors":"Yifan Song, Shengmao Zhang, Fenghua Tang, Yongchuang Shi, Yumei Wu, Jianwen He, Yunyun Chen, Lin Li","doi":"10.3390/fishes8100502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100502","url":null,"abstract":"Since 1985, China’s pelagic fishing industry has developed rapidly, but it still faces some problems, such as old equipment of fishing vessels, outdated fishing techniques, safety hazards, and non-standard behavior. In recent years, with the development of pelagic fishing, the working environment and monitoring of crew members have become increasingly important. However, traditional methods of pelagic human observers suffer from high costs, low coverage, poor timeliness, and susceptibility to subjective factors. In contrast, the Electronic Monitoring System (EMS) has advantages such as continuous operation under various weather conditions; more objective, transparent, and efficient data; and less interference with fishing operations. This paper shows how the 3DCNN model, LSTM+ResNet model, and TimeSformer model are applied to video-classification tasks, and for the first time, they are applied to an EMS. In addition, this paper tests and compares the application effects of the three models on video classification, and discusses the advantages and challenges of using them for video recognition. Through experiments, we obtained the accuracy and relevant indicators of video recognition using different models. The research results show that when NUM_FRAMES is set to 8, the LSTM+ResNet-50 model has the best performance, with an accuracy of 88.47%, an F1 score of 0.8881, and an map score of 0.8133. Analyzing the EMS for pelagic fishing can improve China’s performance level and management efficiency in pelagic fishing, and promote the development of the fishery knowledge service system and smart fishery engineering.","PeriodicalId":12405,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135197775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei Tang, Lei Huang, Yiying Jiang, Yingmei Fan, Yang Liu, Chen Liu
The dynamic evolution and regional heterogeneity of fishery efficiency development must be explored from an ecological perspective to reveal the spatial pattern of fishery ecological efficiency. Thus, taking 30 provinces/cities in China between 2006 and 2020 as research objects, we measured the level of the fishery ecological efficiency and regional fishery ecological efficiency convergence indexes using the superefficiency and convergence indexes, respectively. We found the following: (1) The ecological efficiency of China’s fishery shows a wavelike upward trend with significant fluctuations, but the overall efficiency level is not high. (2) The development of regional fishery ecological efficiency is not well coordinated; however, the variation curve of fishery ecological efficiency in the eastern and central regions is gradually decreasing. (3) A trend of “catching up and surpassing” is observed in the development of fishery ecological efficiency in various regions of China, and regional fishery ecological efficiency gradually converges to the regions’ respective steady-state levels over time. The results indicate a significant gap in regional fishery ecological efficiency, as well as polarization; areas with lower fishery efficiency are catching up with high-efficiency areas at different speeds, and regional fishery ecological efficiency is stabilizing.
{"title":"Dynamic Evolution and Convergence Analysis of the Ecological Efficiency of China’s Fisheries","authors":"Wei Tang, Lei Huang, Yiying Jiang, Yingmei Fan, Yang Liu, Chen Liu","doi":"10.3390/fishes8100499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100499","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamic evolution and regional heterogeneity of fishery efficiency development must be explored from an ecological perspective to reveal the spatial pattern of fishery ecological efficiency. Thus, taking 30 provinces/cities in China between 2006 and 2020 as research objects, we measured the level of the fishery ecological efficiency and regional fishery ecological efficiency convergence indexes using the superefficiency and convergence indexes, respectively. We found the following: (1) The ecological efficiency of China’s fishery shows a wavelike upward trend with significant fluctuations, but the overall efficiency level is not high. (2) The development of regional fishery ecological efficiency is not well coordinated; however, the variation curve of fishery ecological efficiency in the eastern and central regions is gradually decreasing. (3) A trend of “catching up and surpassing” is observed in the development of fishery ecological efficiency in various regions of China, and regional fishery ecological efficiency gradually converges to the regions’ respective steady-state levels over time. The results indicate a significant gap in regional fishery ecological efficiency, as well as polarization; areas with lower fishery efficiency are catching up with high-efficiency areas at different speeds, and regional fishery ecological efficiency is stabilizing.","PeriodicalId":12405,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work aims to describe the larval stages and the seasonal variation in the abundance of three mesopelagic species whose larvae are surprisingly abundant near coral reef areas in the Red Sea. The larvae were collected monthly using a plankton net (500 µ) from three coastal coral reef areas surrounding Sharm El-Sheikh on the Egyptian Red Sea coast between January and December 2015. The identification of larvae was based on the morphological and meristic characteristics according to the available literature. The larvae of this species were divided into preflexion, flexion, and postflexion stages and they were also categorized according to their size into relevant size classes. Mesopelagic fishes were represented in the collection by four species belonging to four families: Vinciguerria mabahiss (Family: Phosichthyidae), Benthosema pterotum (Family: Myctophidae), Astronesthes martensii (Family: Stomiidae; subfamily: Astronesthinae), and Trichiurus sp. (Family: Trichiuridae). In general, a total of 3678 larvae were collected, of which 1191, constituting about 32% of the total fish larvae, belonged to mesopelagic species. The most abundant species was V. mabahiss, with 677 larvae that constituted 18% and 57% of the total larvae and mesopelagic fish larvae, respectively. The second most abundant species was B. pterotum, which was represented by 485 larvae (13% of the total larvae and 40% of the mesopelagic fish larvae). A. martensii was represented by the lowest number of larvae (29 larvae, 2%). Most larvae of the three species were small and in the preflexion stage, whereas larger larvae are absent. They are highly abundant in the cooler months of the year between November and April. The high number of preflexion larvae may indicate that the three mesopelagic species spawn in the colder times of the year.
{"title":"Development and Seasonal Variations of the Larvae of Three Mesopelagic Fishes near Coral Reefs in the Red Sea","authors":"Mohamed Ahmed Abu El-Regal, James G. Ditty","doi":"10.3390/fishes8100500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100500","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims to describe the larval stages and the seasonal variation in the abundance of three mesopelagic species whose larvae are surprisingly abundant near coral reef areas in the Red Sea. The larvae were collected monthly using a plankton net (500 µ) from three coastal coral reef areas surrounding Sharm El-Sheikh on the Egyptian Red Sea coast between January and December 2015. The identification of larvae was based on the morphological and meristic characteristics according to the available literature. The larvae of this species were divided into preflexion, flexion, and postflexion stages and they were also categorized according to their size into relevant size classes. Mesopelagic fishes were represented in the collection by four species belonging to four families: Vinciguerria mabahiss (Family: Phosichthyidae), Benthosema pterotum (Family: Myctophidae), Astronesthes martensii (Family: Stomiidae; subfamily: Astronesthinae), and Trichiurus sp. (Family: Trichiuridae). In general, a total of 3678 larvae were collected, of which 1191, constituting about 32% of the total fish larvae, belonged to mesopelagic species. The most abundant species was V. mabahiss, with 677 larvae that constituted 18% and 57% of the total larvae and mesopelagic fish larvae, respectively. The second most abundant species was B. pterotum, which was represented by 485 larvae (13% of the total larvae and 40% of the mesopelagic fish larvae). A. martensii was represented by the lowest number of larvae (29 larvae, 2%). Most larvae of the three species were small and in the preflexion stage, whereas larger larvae are absent. They are highly abundant in the cooler months of the year between November and April. The high number of preflexion larvae may indicate that the three mesopelagic species spawn in the colder times of the year.","PeriodicalId":12405,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134944763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yudi Herdiana, Budy Wiryawan, Sugeng H. Wisudo, James R. Tweedley, Irfan Yulianto, Mohamad Natsir, Siska Agustina, Adrian Hordyk, Neil R. Loneragan
Management strategy evaluation using the Method Evaluation and Risk Assessment (MERA) platform was used to evaluate management procedures (MPs) for improving the management of the leopard coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus) fishery in Saleh Bay, Indonesia. This grouper is a valuable species currently under high fishing pressure. It is targeted by small-scale fisheries using a wide range of fishing methods; hence, management recommendations are needed to ensure sustainability. A suite of MPs for data-limited conditions were evaluated for their ability to achieve limit and target biomass reference points (B/BMSY = 0.5 and B/BMSY = 1, respectively), while maintaining a target yield of at least 0.5 MSY. The simulation results suggest that the currently implemented harvest control rules (HCRs) in Saleh Bay (size limit and spatial closure) may not be effective in achieving the management objective to attain the target biomass reference point due to relatively low compliance with the size limit regulation (320 mm total length) and the very small proportion of existing MPA no-take areas (~2.2%). This study recommends that the fisheries management authority explores the feasibility of implementing the total allowable catch (TAC) and seasonal closure in addition to the existing fishing regulations for P. leopardus in Saleh Bay.
{"title":"Application of the Method Evaluation and Risk Assessment Tool for a Small-Scale Grouper Fishery in Indonesia","authors":"Yudi Herdiana, Budy Wiryawan, Sugeng H. Wisudo, James R. Tweedley, Irfan Yulianto, Mohamad Natsir, Siska Agustina, Adrian Hordyk, Neil R. Loneragan","doi":"10.3390/fishes8100498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100498","url":null,"abstract":"Management strategy evaluation using the Method Evaluation and Risk Assessment (MERA) platform was used to evaluate management procedures (MPs) for improving the management of the leopard coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus) fishery in Saleh Bay, Indonesia. This grouper is a valuable species currently under high fishing pressure. It is targeted by small-scale fisheries using a wide range of fishing methods; hence, management recommendations are needed to ensure sustainability. A suite of MPs for data-limited conditions were evaluated for their ability to achieve limit and target biomass reference points (B/BMSY = 0.5 and B/BMSY = 1, respectively), while maintaining a target yield of at least 0.5 MSY. The simulation results suggest that the currently implemented harvest control rules (HCRs) in Saleh Bay (size limit and spatial closure) may not be effective in achieving the management objective to attain the target biomass reference point due to relatively low compliance with the size limit regulation (320 mm total length) and the very small proportion of existing MPA no-take areas (~2.2%). This study recommends that the fisheries management authority explores the feasibility of implementing the total allowable catch (TAC) and seasonal closure in addition to the existing fishing regulations for P. leopardus in Saleh Bay.","PeriodicalId":12405,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"301 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morgan S. Pratchett, Ciemon F. Caballes, Jean-Paul A. Hobbs, Joseph D. DiBattista, Brock Bergseth, Peter Waldie, Curtis Champion, Samuel P. Mc Cormack, Andrew S. Hoey
There are a wide variety of fishes that occur exclusively on coral reefs, though it is unclear to what extent these species (especially larger-bodied fisheries target species) are reliant on the specific reef habitat provided by corals. This study explored variation in the physiological condition of common coral trout (Plecropomus leopardus) on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, explicitly testing whether fish condition varied with local coral cover in the aftermath of severe mass bleaching and coral loss. Both the physiological condition (specifically, the length–weight relationships, hepatocyte vacuolation, and electrical phase angle) of P. leopardus and the live cover of habitat-forming corals varied greatly among the sites considered in this study, but there was little correspondence between these factors. Fish condition was largely influenced by fish size and varied with latitude. While there was no apparent effect of recent coral bleaching and coral loss on the physiological condition of P. leopardus, this does not mean that these key fisheries species will be unaffected by further changes to the environmental conditions and reef habitat. It is important, therefore, that fisheries managers remain vigilant to apparent effects of climate change and other anthropogenic pressures on fisheries stocks.
{"title":"Variation in the Physiological Condition of Common Coral Trout (Plectropomus leopardus) Unrelated to Coral Cover on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia","authors":"Morgan S. Pratchett, Ciemon F. Caballes, Jean-Paul A. Hobbs, Joseph D. DiBattista, Brock Bergseth, Peter Waldie, Curtis Champion, Samuel P. Mc Cormack, Andrew S. Hoey","doi":"10.3390/fishes8100497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100497","url":null,"abstract":"There are a wide variety of fishes that occur exclusively on coral reefs, though it is unclear to what extent these species (especially larger-bodied fisheries target species) are reliant on the specific reef habitat provided by corals. This study explored variation in the physiological condition of common coral trout (Plecropomus leopardus) on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, explicitly testing whether fish condition varied with local coral cover in the aftermath of severe mass bleaching and coral loss. Both the physiological condition (specifically, the length–weight relationships, hepatocyte vacuolation, and electrical phase angle) of P. leopardus and the live cover of habitat-forming corals varied greatly among the sites considered in this study, but there was little correspondence between these factors. Fish condition was largely influenced by fish size and varied with latitude. While there was no apparent effect of recent coral bleaching and coral loss on the physiological condition of P. leopardus, this does not mean that these key fisheries species will be unaffected by further changes to the environmental conditions and reef habitat. It is important, therefore, that fisheries managers remain vigilant to apparent effects of climate change and other anthropogenic pressures on fisheries stocks.","PeriodicalId":12405,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135482512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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