首页 > 最新文献

Foods and Raw Materials最新文献

英文 中文
Anti-lipidemic and protein restoration potential of Monodora myristica (Gaertn.) in rats fed with cassava containing crude oil 用含原油的木薯喂养大鼠时,Monodora myristica(Gaertn.)
IF 1 Q4 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-602
J. Okpoghono, Jonah Kanayo Ukperegbulem, Udoka Bessie Igue
Consumption of cassava meal affected by crude oil has significant effects on lipid and protein metabolism. The hepatoprotective action of spices is mostly attributed to the suppression of lipid oxidation and protein breakdown. This study examined the protein restoration and anti-lipidemic potential of Monodora myristica (Gaertn.) in rats fed with cassava contaminated with crude oil. The research involved 36 albino rats separated into six groups (n = 6). Group 1 (control) consumed cassava without crude oil. Group 2 received cassava with crude oil. Groups 3, 4, and 5 fed on cassava with crude oil and various extracts of M. myristica, i.e., aqueous, ethanol, and diethyl ether, respectively. Group 6 received non-ionic synthetic surfactant Tween 80. The experiment relied on standard methods. Blood serum and liver obtained from the rats of Group 2 showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and malondialdehyde, as well as a decrease in total protein, albumin, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The groups that received M. myristica extracts showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in total protein, albumin, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. They also had lower total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and malondialdehyde as compared to Group 2, which dieted on cassava contaminated with crude oil without additives. In this research, crude oil-contaminated cassava affected proteins and lipids in rats. Diethyl ether extract of M. myristica demonstrated the best anti-lipidemic and protein restoration.
食用受原油影响的木薯粉对脂质和蛋白质代谢有显著影响。香料的保肝作用主要归因于抑制脂质氧化和蛋白质分解。本研究考察了用受原油污染的木薯喂养的大鼠体内 Monodora myristica (Gaertn.) 的蛋白质恢复和抗脂质代谢潜力。 研究涉及 36 只白化大鼠,分为 6 组(n = 6)。第 1 组(对照组)食用不含原油的木薯。第 2 组食用含原油的木薯。第 3、第 4 和第 5 组分别食用含原油的木薯和肉豆蔻的各种提取物,即水溶液、乙醇和二乙醚。第 6 组使用非离子合成表面活性剂吐温 80。实验采用标准方法。 第 2 组大鼠的血清和肝脏显示总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、三酰甘油和丙二醛显著增加(p < 0.05),总蛋白、白蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇减少。接受肉豆蔻萃取物治疗的组,总蛋白、白蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著增加(p < 0.05)。与第二组相比,它们的总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、三酰甘油和丙二醛含量也更低,而第二组则以受原油污染的木薯为食,不含添加剂。 在这项研究中,受原油污染的木薯影响了大鼠的蛋白质和脂质。肉豆蔻的二乙醚提取物显示出最佳的抗脂质和蛋白质恢复效果。
{"title":"Anti-lipidemic and protein restoration potential of Monodora myristica (Gaertn.) in rats fed with cassava containing crude oil","authors":"J. Okpoghono, Jonah Kanayo Ukperegbulem, Udoka Bessie Igue","doi":"10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-602","url":null,"abstract":"Consumption of cassava meal affected by crude oil has significant effects on lipid and protein metabolism. The hepatoprotective action of spices is mostly attributed to the suppression of lipid oxidation and protein breakdown. This study examined the protein restoration and anti-lipidemic potential of Monodora myristica (Gaertn.) in rats fed with cassava contaminated with crude oil. The research involved 36 albino rats separated into six groups (n = 6). Group 1 (control) consumed cassava without crude oil. Group 2 received cassava with crude oil. Groups 3, 4, and 5 fed on cassava with crude oil and various extracts of M. myristica, i.e., aqueous, ethanol, and diethyl ether, respectively. Group 6 received non-ionic synthetic surfactant Tween 80. The experiment relied on standard methods. Blood serum and liver obtained from the rats of Group 2 showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and malondialdehyde, as well as a decrease in total protein, albumin, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The groups that received M. myristica extracts showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in total protein, albumin, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. They also had lower total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and malondialdehyde as compared to Group 2, which dieted on cassava contaminated with crude oil without additives. In this research, crude oil-contaminated cassava affected proteins and lipids in rats. Diethyl ether extract of M. myristica demonstrated the best anti-lipidemic and protein restoration.","PeriodicalId":12426,"journal":{"name":"Foods and Raw Materials","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139263254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The elemental profile of ciders made from different varieties of apples 不同品种苹果酿造的苹果酒的元素特征
IF 1 Q4 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-604
N. Ageyeva, A. Khrapov, A. Shirshova, Larisa Chemisova, Elena Ulyanovskaya, E. Chernutskaya
Macro- and microelements are vital components of the nutrient profile of apples and apple juice. Although the mineral composition of apple juices has been well studied, there is a lack of research into the elemental profile of ciders. We aimed to determine the concentrations of macro- and microelements in various samples of ciders. We studied 25 experimental ciders from apple juice of direct extraction (fresh must) and 4 commercial ciders purchased from a retailer in Krasnodar. Mass concentrations of metal cations were determined by high-performance capillary electrophoresis, atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization, and atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. The concentrations of macroelements in the ciders from fresh must depending on the variety varied significantly in the following ranges (mg/L): 696–1920 for potassium; 6.7–26.8 for sodium; 4.3–35.5 for calcium; and 10.2–36.8 for magnesium. The commercial ciders had significantly lower concentrations of macroelements. The content of iron ranged from 0.86 to 2.26 mg/L. Among microelements, copper cations were detected in the range from 31.0 to 375 μg/L. The concentrations of toxic elements did not exceed the maximum permissible values in any of the samples, including the commercial ones. Finally, ranges of variation were established in the concentrations of macro- and microelements depending on the varietal characteristics of apples. The pomological varieties of apples used in the study were grown under the same agrotechnical conditions. Therefore, the differences revealed in the elemental profile of the ciders were assumingly due to the genetic characteristics of the respective variety.
宏观和微观元素是苹果和苹果汁营养成分的重要组成部分。虽然人们对苹果汁中的矿物质成分进行了深入研究,但对苹果酒中的元素含量却缺乏研究。我们的目的是测定各种苹果酒样品中的宏量和微量元素浓度。 我们研究了 25 个从直接提取的苹果汁(新鲜果汁)中提取的试验性苹果酒和 4 个从克拉斯诺达尔零售商处购买的商业苹果酒。通过高性能毛细管电泳、电热原子化原子吸收光谱法和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定了金属阳离子的质量浓度。 从新鲜葡萄汁中提取的苹果酒中的宏量元素浓度在以下范围(毫克/升)内有显著差异:钾为 696-1920;钠为 6.7-26.8;钙为 4.3-35.5;镁为 10.2-36.8。商品苹果酒的大分子元素含量明显较低。铁的含量在 0.86 至 2.26 毫克/升之间。在微量元素中,铜阳离子的检测范围为 31.0 至 375 微克/升。所有样本(包括商业样本)中有毒元素的浓度均未超过最高允许值。最后,根据苹果的品种特征,确定了宏量元素和微量元素浓度的变化范围。 研究中使用的苹果品种是在相同的农业技术条件下种植的。因此,苹果酒元素含量的差异应归因于各自品种的遗传特性。
{"title":"The elemental profile of ciders made from different varieties of apples","authors":"N. Ageyeva, A. Khrapov, A. Shirshova, Larisa Chemisova, Elena Ulyanovskaya, E. Chernutskaya","doi":"10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-604","url":null,"abstract":"Macro- and microelements are vital components of the nutrient profile of apples and apple juice. Although the mineral composition of apple juices has been well studied, there is a lack of research into the elemental profile of ciders. We aimed to determine the concentrations of macro- and microelements in various samples of ciders. We studied 25 experimental ciders from apple juice of direct extraction (fresh must) and 4 commercial ciders purchased from a retailer in Krasnodar. Mass concentrations of metal cations were determined by high-performance capillary electrophoresis, atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization, and atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. The concentrations of macroelements in the ciders from fresh must depending on the variety varied significantly in the following ranges (mg/L): 696–1920 for potassium; 6.7–26.8 for sodium; 4.3–35.5 for calcium; and 10.2–36.8 for magnesium. The commercial ciders had significantly lower concentrations of macroelements. The content of iron ranged from 0.86 to 2.26 mg/L. Among microelements, copper cations were detected in the range from 31.0 to 375 μg/L. The concentrations of toxic elements did not exceed the maximum permissible values in any of the samples, including the commercial ones. Finally, ranges of variation were established in the concentrations of macro- and microelements depending on the varietal characteristics of apples. The pomological varieties of apples used in the study were grown under the same agrotechnical conditions. Therefore, the differences revealed in the elemental profile of the ciders were assumingly due to the genetic characteristics of the respective variety.","PeriodicalId":12426,"journal":{"name":"Foods and Raw Materials","volume":"68 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139263641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties of green broad bean pods (Vicia faba L.) 绿蚕豆荚(Vicia faba L.)的抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌和抗癌特性
IF 1 Q4 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-610
Elsayed Elbadrawy, Mona Y. Mostafa
This study featured broad/fava bean pods as by-products of food production. It assessed the chemical composition of green bean pods (Vicia faba L.) and their methanolic extract. The extract was tested in vitro for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities against prostate cancer (Pc3) and liver cancer (HepG2) cells. Broad bean pods proved to be rich in carbohydrates, fiber, protein, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. The extract contained 286 mg GAE/g total phenols and 105 mg QE/g total flavonoids. The antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract was measured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The highest DPPH scavenging activity belonged to the extract concentrations of 1000 μg/mL (80.5%) and 500 μg/mL (73.7%), whereas the IC50 value was 87.35 μg/mL. The methanolic extract possessed the anti-inflammatory effect as it significantly reduced the hemolysis of red blood cells. The maximal inhibition percentage reached 66.7% at 1000 μg/mL. Regarding the antimicrobial activity, the broad bean pod methanolic extract inhibited Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as Candida albicans. The extract reduced the cell viability of human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) and prostate cancer (PC3) cells in a concentration-dependent manner. It also caused significant changes in cell shape, compared to the control. Therefore, broad beans can be recommended for human consumption together with pods, fresh or cooked, as a potential source of bioactive substances in functional food production.
这项研究以作为食品生产副产品的蚕豆/蚕豆荚为特色。研究评估了蚕豆荚(Vicia faba L.)及其甲醇提取物的化学成分。 在体外测试了萃取物对前列腺癌(Pc3)和肝癌(HepG2)细胞的抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌和抗癌活性。蚕豆荚富含碳水化合物、纤维、蛋白质、钾、钙和镁。提取物中含有 286 毫克 GAE/克总酚和 105 毫克 QE/克总黄酮。甲醇提取物的抗氧化活性是通过 1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼(DPPH)检测法测定的。浓度分别为 1000 μg/mL (80.5%)和 500 μg/mL (73.7%)的提取物具有最高的 DPPH 清除活性,IC50 值为 87.35 μg/mL。甲醇提取物具有抗炎作用,因为它能显著减少红细胞溶血。当浓度为 1000 μg/mL 时,最大抑制率达到 66.7%。在抗菌活性方面,蚕豆荚甲醇提取物可抑制枯草杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌以及白色念珠菌。该提取物以浓度依赖的方式降低了人肝癌(HepG2)和前列腺癌(PC3)细胞的存活率。与对照组相比,蚕豆提取物还能使细胞形状发生明显变化。 因此,蚕豆和豆荚,无论是新鲜的还是煮熟的,都可以作为功能性食品生产中生物活性物质的潜在来源推荐给人类食用。
{"title":"Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties of green broad bean pods (Vicia faba L.)","authors":"Elsayed Elbadrawy, Mona Y. Mostafa","doi":"10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-610","url":null,"abstract":"This study featured broad/fava bean pods as by-products of food production. It assessed the chemical composition of green bean pods (Vicia faba L.) and their methanolic extract. The extract was tested in vitro for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities against prostate cancer (Pc3) and liver cancer (HepG2) cells. Broad bean pods proved to be rich in carbohydrates, fiber, protein, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. The extract contained 286 mg GAE/g total phenols and 105 mg QE/g total flavonoids. The antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract was measured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The highest DPPH scavenging activity belonged to the extract concentrations of 1000 μg/mL (80.5%) and 500 μg/mL (73.7%), whereas the IC50 value was 87.35 μg/mL. The methanolic extract possessed the anti-inflammatory effect as it significantly reduced the hemolysis of red blood cells. The maximal inhibition percentage reached 66.7% at 1000 μg/mL. Regarding the antimicrobial activity, the broad bean pod methanolic extract inhibited Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as Candida albicans. The extract reduced the cell viability of human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) and prostate cancer (PC3) cells in a concentration-dependent manner. It also caused significant changes in cell shape, compared to the control. Therefore, broad beans can be recommended for human consumption together with pods, fresh or cooked, as a potential source of bioactive substances in functional food production.","PeriodicalId":12426,"journal":{"name":"Foods and Raw Materials","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139263670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of drying agents on quality parameters of lyophilized persimmon purée powder 干燥剂对冻干柿子泥粉质量参数的影响
IF 1 Q4 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-605
Andaleeb R. Saeed, Mohamad A. Kheir Tahle, R. H. Tlay
Persimmon juice has good nutritional composition and high antioxidant properties, however it requires more packing space because of large volume and has limited shelf-life. The research objective was to produce persimmon purée powder with prolonged shelf-life by using various concentrations of drying agents (maltodextrin and Arabic gum). The control sample was persimmon purée powder without drying agents. Experimental samples included powders with maltodextrin (40, 45, and 50%), Arabic gum (25, 30, and 35%), and the mix of maltodextrin (40%) and Arabic gum (10%). All the experimental samples contained 1% of tri-calcium phosphate as an anti-caking agent. Tests were carried out according to the standard techniques. The samples with 45 and 50% of maltodextrin had lower moisture, ash, redness (a*), and hygroscopicity values. These powders demonstrated good yield, solubility, density, and color indices (L*, b*, C, H). The persimmon purée powders with 30 and 35% of Arabic gum showed an increase in ash content and total acidity. The samples with 30% Arabic gum obtained the highest sensory evaluation scores. The optimal results belonged to the samples of lyophilized persimmon purée powder with 45% of maltodextrin, which will have a longer shelf-life due to its low moisture content.
柿子汁具有良好的营养成分和较高的抗氧化性,但由于体积较大,需要更多的包装空间,而且货架期有限。研究的目的是通过使用不同浓度的干燥剂(麦芽糊精和阿拉伯胶)来生产货架期更长的柿子果泥粉。 对照样品是不含干燥剂的柿子果泥粉。实验样品包括含有麦芽糊精(40%、45% 和 50%)、阿拉伯树胶(25%、30% 和 35%)以及麦芽糊精(40%)和阿拉伯树胶(10%)混合的粉末。所有实验样品都含有 1%的磷酸三钙作为抗结剂。测试按照标准技术进行。 麦芽糊精含量分别为 45%和 50%的样品的水分、灰分、红度(a*)和吸湿值都较低。这些粉末具有良好的产量、溶解性、密度和颜色指数(L*、b*、C、H)。阿拉伯树胶含量分别为 30% 和 35% 的柿子泥粉的灰分含量和总酸度都有所增加。阿拉伯树胶含量为 30% 的样品获得了最高的感官评价分数。 麦芽糊精含量为 45% 的冻干柿子果泥粉样品的感官评价结果最佳,因为其水分含量低,保质期较长。
{"title":"Effect of drying agents on quality parameters of lyophilized persimmon purée powder","authors":"Andaleeb R. Saeed, Mohamad A. Kheir Tahle, R. H. Tlay","doi":"10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-605","url":null,"abstract":"Persimmon juice has good nutritional composition and high antioxidant properties, however it requires more packing space because of large volume and has limited shelf-life. The research objective was to produce persimmon purée powder with prolonged shelf-life by using various concentrations of drying agents (maltodextrin and Arabic gum). The control sample was persimmon purée powder without drying agents. Experimental samples included powders with maltodextrin (40, 45, and 50%), Arabic gum (25, 30, and 35%), and the mix of maltodextrin (40%) and Arabic gum (10%). All the experimental samples contained 1% of tri-calcium phosphate as an anti-caking agent. Tests were carried out according to the standard techniques. The samples with 45 and 50% of maltodextrin had lower moisture, ash, redness (a*), and hygroscopicity values. These powders demonstrated good yield, solubility, density, and color indices (L*, b*, C, H). The persimmon purée powders with 30 and 35% of Arabic gum showed an increase in ash content and total acidity. The samples with 30% Arabic gum obtained the highest sensory evaluation scores. The optimal results belonged to the samples of lyophilized persimmon purée powder with 45% of maltodextrin, which will have a longer shelf-life due to its low moisture content.","PeriodicalId":12426,"journal":{"name":"Foods and Raw Materials","volume":"33 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139265451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Differential thermal analysis of moisture binding in zephyr with different contents of glucose syrup 不同葡萄糖浆含量的泽普中水分结合的差热分析
IF 1 Q4 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-600
I. Plotnikova, Gazibeg Magomedov, D. Kazartsev, M. Magomedov, Konstantin Polyanskiy, Viktor Plotnikov
When formulating a product, it is just as important to measure changes in free and bound moisture as it is to analyze quality indicators. Zephyr, a Russian whipped dessert, made with sugar dries quickly during storage, gradually losing its moisture. Its crystalline sugar crust thickens and its entire mass saccharifies, resulting in higher firmness and poor appearance. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of high-conversion glucose syrup on the amount of moisture and its binding forms in zephyr after storage. We studied four samples of pectin-based zephyr with different carbohydrate profiles after three months of storage. Differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, and non-isothermal kinetics were applied to assess moisture contents and forms of binding in zephyr. Thermograms with thermoanalytical curves were used to analyze the thermolysis of zephyr samples with different contents of glucose syrup in the temperature range from 20 to 300°C. We also studied the endothermic effects at various stages of thermolysis and measured free and bound moisture in the samples. Four stages of their dehydration were identified on the basis of graphical dependences between weight changes and heating temperatures. The control zephyr sample contained more capillary and polymolecular bound moisture, while the experimental samples in which sugar and confectioner’s syrup were partially or completely replaced with high-conversion glucose syrup had more polymolecular and monomolecular bound moisture. The use of high-conversion glucose syrup instead of sugar and confectioner’s syrup reduced the amount of free moisture and therefore increased the amount of bound moisture, keeping zephyr fresh throughout its shelf life.
在配制产品时,测量游离水分和结合水分的变化与分析质量指标同样重要。Zephyr 是一种用糖制作的俄罗斯鲜奶油甜点,在储存过程中会迅速变干,逐渐失去水分。其结晶糖皮会变厚,整个糖块会糖化,导致硬度增加,外观变差。在这项研究中,我们旨在确定高转化率葡萄糖浆对贮藏后浙贝母中的水分含量及其结合形式的影响。 我们研究了四个果胶基泽普样品,它们在储存三个月后的碳水化合物含量各不相同。我们采用差示扫描量热法、热重法和非等温动力学来评估泽普中的水分含量和结合形式。 热图和热分析曲线用于分析不同葡萄糖浆含量的泽普样品在 20 至 300°C 温度范围内的热解情况。我们还研究了热解不同阶段的内热效应,并测量了样品中的游离水分和结合水分。根据重量变化与加热温度之间的图形关系,我们确定了样品脱水的四个阶段。 对照泽普样品含有更多的毛细管水分和多分子结合水分,而部分或全部用高转化率葡萄糖浆取代糖和糖果糖浆的实验样品则含有更多的多分子和单分子结合水分。使用高转化率葡萄糖浆代替蔗糖和糖果糖浆减少了游离水分的含量,从而增加了结合水分的含量,使泽普在整个保质期内保持新鲜。
{"title":"Differential thermal analysis of moisture binding in zephyr with different contents of glucose syrup","authors":"I. Plotnikova, Gazibeg Magomedov, D. Kazartsev, M. Magomedov, Konstantin Polyanskiy, Viktor Plotnikov","doi":"10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-600","url":null,"abstract":"When formulating a product, it is just as important to measure changes in free and bound moisture as it is to analyze quality indicators. Zephyr, a Russian whipped dessert, made with sugar dries quickly during storage, gradually losing its moisture. Its crystalline sugar crust thickens and its entire mass saccharifies, resulting in higher firmness and poor appearance. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of high-conversion glucose syrup on the amount of moisture and its binding forms in zephyr after storage. We studied four samples of pectin-based zephyr with different carbohydrate profiles after three months of storage. Differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, and non-isothermal kinetics were applied to assess moisture contents and forms of binding in zephyr. Thermograms with thermoanalytical curves were used to analyze the thermolysis of zephyr samples with different contents of glucose syrup in the temperature range from 20 to 300°C. We also studied the endothermic effects at various stages of thermolysis and measured free and bound moisture in the samples. Four stages of their dehydration were identified on the basis of graphical dependences between weight changes and heating temperatures. The control zephyr sample contained more capillary and polymolecular bound moisture, while the experimental samples in which sugar and confectioner’s syrup were partially or completely replaced with high-conversion glucose syrup had more polymolecular and monomolecular bound moisture. The use of high-conversion glucose syrup instead of sugar and confectioner’s syrup reduced the amount of free moisture and therefore increased the amount of bound moisture, keeping zephyr fresh throughout its shelf life.","PeriodicalId":12426,"journal":{"name":"Foods and Raw Materials","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139265853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Storage stability and anti-caking agents in spray-dried fruit powders: A review 喷雾干燥果粉的贮藏稳定性和防结块剂:综述
IF 1 Q4 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-603
L. Pui, Lejaniya Abdul Kalam Saleena, H. Ghazali
Fruit powders possess numerous benefits compared to fresh raw materials, i.e., extended shelf-life, convenient transportation and storage, a wide range of applications, etc. Nonetheless, the storage time of fruit powders depends on such factors as storage conditions, packaging, etc. This review suggests a comprehensive analysis of articles, reviews, reports, and books indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, and eLIBRARY.RU, as well as reported at conference proceedings and other scholarly resources in 2005–2022. Due to their high hygroscopicity, powders tend to absorb moisture from the environment and become prone to caking. Anticaking agents can prevent powders from this process. Different packaging materials also affect the compounds and properties of fruit powders. Accelerated degradation and temperature models can predict shelfp-life. This review featured the effectiveness of different anti-caking agents, as well as the impact of various packaging methods on the storage of powders. Calcium phosphate demonstrated excellent anti-caking properties, reduced hygroscopicity, and enhanced flowability. Aluminum laminated packaging proved effective in protecting powders during storage. As the storage time increased, powders demonstrated only a slight increase in moisture content. Their L* value (light to dark) and b* value (yellow to blue) decreased while the a* value (green to red) and the total color change increased. Caking increased as the flowability, pigment content, and antioxidant content went down. The review has practical implications for developing new technologies aimed at prolonging the storage time of spray-dried fruit powders.
与新鲜原料相比,果粉具有许多优点,如延长保质期、方便运输和储存、应用广泛等。然而,果粉的贮藏时间取决于贮藏条件、包装等因素。 本综述建议对 Scopus、Web of Science 和 eLIBRARY.RU 中收录的文章、综述、报告和书籍,以及 2005-2022 年会议论文集和其他学术资源中的报告进行全面分析。 由于吸湿性强,粉末容易从环境中吸收水分,容易结块。防结块剂可以防止粉末在此过程中结块。不同的包装材料也会影响果粉的化合物和特性。加速降解和温度模型可以预测货架期。本综述介绍了不同抗结块剂的效果,以及各种包装方法对果粉贮藏的影响。磷酸钙表现出卓越的抗结块特性,吸湿性降低,流动性增强。事实证明,铝层压包装能在粉末储存期间有效地保护粉末。随着储存时间的延长,粉末的含水量仅略有增加。它们的 L* 值(从浅到深)和 b* 值(从黄色到蓝色)降低了,而 a* 值(从绿色到红色)和总的颜色变化增加了。随着流动性、颜料含量和抗氧化剂含量的降低,结块现象也随之增加。 该综述对开发旨在延长喷雾干燥果粉贮藏时间的新技术具有实际意义。
{"title":"Storage stability and anti-caking agents in spray-dried fruit powders: A review","authors":"L. Pui, Lejaniya Abdul Kalam Saleena, H. Ghazali","doi":"10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-603","url":null,"abstract":"Fruit powders possess numerous benefits compared to fresh raw materials, i.e., extended shelf-life, convenient transportation and storage, a wide range of applications, etc. Nonetheless, the storage time of fruit powders depends on such factors as storage conditions, packaging, etc. This review suggests a comprehensive analysis of articles, reviews, reports, and books indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, and eLIBRARY.RU, as well as reported at conference proceedings and other scholarly resources in 2005–2022. Due to their high hygroscopicity, powders tend to absorb moisture from the environment and become prone to caking. Anticaking agents can prevent powders from this process. Different packaging materials also affect the compounds and properties of fruit powders. Accelerated degradation and temperature models can predict shelfp-life. This review featured the effectiveness of different anti-caking agents, as well as the impact of various packaging methods on the storage of powders. Calcium phosphate demonstrated excellent anti-caking properties, reduced hygroscopicity, and enhanced flowability. Aluminum laminated packaging proved effective in protecting powders during storage. As the storage time increased, powders demonstrated only a slight increase in moisture content. Their L* value (light to dark) and b* value (yellow to blue) decreased while the a* value (green to red) and the total color change increased. Caking increased as the flowability, pigment content, and antioxidant content went down. The review has practical implications for developing new technologies aimed at prolonging the storage time of spray-dried fruit powders.","PeriodicalId":12426,"journal":{"name":"Foods and Raw Materials","volume":"69 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139266022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phenolic compounds in purple whole-wheat flour and bread: Comparative analysis 紫色全麦面粉和面包中的酚类化合物:比较分析
IF 1 Q4 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-611
Alfia Valieva, Anton Akulov, Natalya Rumyantseva
Whole-wheat flour of purple wheat varieties contains anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds with high antioxidant activity, which makes it a potential raw material for functional foods. The content and composition of phenolic compounds in whole-wheat flour depends on the genotype and weather conditions; in the bread, however, they also depend on the bread-making technology. This article offers a comparative analysis of phenolic compounds in purple whole-wheat flour and bread baked from this flour. The study featured purple soft spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) of two varieties, Nadira and Line 193, which were harvested in 2016 and 2017, and corresponding bread samples. The antioxidant activity and phenolic content were measured spectrophotometrically while the qualitative analysis relied on the method of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the hot and dry year of 2016, the content of bound phenolic acids reached 2.0–2.4 mg/g dry weight in the flour of both genotypes. In the cool and humid year of 2017, the content of anthocyanins in the Nadira flour increased by 2.7 times and amounted to 0.65 mg/g dry weight. However, the corresponding bread sample had a much lower phenolic content: soluble phenolics were halved, anthocyanins dropped by 3–4 times, and bound phenolic acids went down by 7–17 times. The content of bound phenolic acids in the flour correlated positively with the content of free phenolic acids in the bread. The HPLC analysis revealed an increase in the content of free hydroxycinnamic acids in the bread: p-coumaric acid was the most abundant and amounted to 0.14–0.22 mg/g dry weight. Conventional State Standard 27669-88 for bread making resulted in a total decrease in anthocyanins, bound phenolic acids, and most free phenolics. Therefore, this technology cannot be applied to functional bread. The results can help develop a breadmaking technology for purple wheat varieties.
紫色小麦品种的全麦面粉含有花青素和其他酚类化合物,具有很高的抗氧化活性,因此是一种潜在的功能性食品原料。全麦面粉中酚类化合物的含量和组成取决于基因型和气候条件;但在面包中,它们还取决于面包制作技术。本文对紫色全麦面粉中的酚类化合物和用这种面粉烘焙的面包进行了比较分析。 研究对象为2016年和2017年收获的两个品种--Nadira和Line 193的紫色软春小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)以及相应的面包样品。抗氧化活性和酚含量采用分光光度法测量,定性分析则采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)。 在炎热干燥的 2016 年,两种基因型的面粉中结合酚酸的含量都达到了 2.0-2.4 毫克/克干重。在凉爽潮湿的 2017 年,纳迪拉面粉中的花青素含量增加了 2.7 倍,达到 0.65 毫克/克干重。然而,相应的面包样品中酚类物质的含量却大大降低:可溶性酚类物质减少了一半,花青素减少了 3-4 倍,结合酚酸减少了 7-17 倍。面粉中结合酚酸的含量与面包中游离酚酸的含量呈正相关。高效液相色谱分析显示,面包中游离羟基肉桂酸的含量有所增加:对香豆酸含量最高,达到 0.14-0.22 毫克/克干重。 采用传统的国家标准 27669-88 制作面包会导致花青素、结合酚酸和大部分游离酚的含量完全下降。因此,这项技术不能应用于功能性面包。这些结果有助于开发紫色小麦品种的面包制作技术。
{"title":"Phenolic compounds in purple whole-wheat flour and bread: Comparative analysis","authors":"Alfia Valieva, Anton Akulov, Natalya Rumyantseva","doi":"10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-611","url":null,"abstract":"Whole-wheat flour of purple wheat varieties contains anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds with high antioxidant activity, which makes it a potential raw material for functional foods. The content and composition of phenolic compounds in whole-wheat flour depends on the genotype and weather conditions; in the bread, however, they also depend on the bread-making technology. This article offers a comparative analysis of phenolic compounds in purple whole-wheat flour and bread baked from this flour. The study featured purple soft spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) of two varieties, Nadira and Line 193, which were harvested in 2016 and 2017, and corresponding bread samples. The antioxidant activity and phenolic content were measured spectrophotometrically while the qualitative analysis relied on the method of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the hot and dry year of 2016, the content of bound phenolic acids reached 2.0–2.4 mg/g dry weight in the flour of both genotypes. In the cool and humid year of 2017, the content of anthocyanins in the Nadira flour increased by 2.7 times and amounted to 0.65 mg/g dry weight. However, the corresponding bread sample had a much lower phenolic content: soluble phenolics were halved, anthocyanins dropped by 3–4 times, and bound phenolic acids went down by 7–17 times. The content of bound phenolic acids in the flour correlated positively with the content of free phenolic acids in the bread. The HPLC analysis revealed an increase in the content of free hydroxycinnamic acids in the bread: p-coumaric acid was the most abundant and amounted to 0.14–0.22 mg/g dry weight. Conventional State Standard 27669-88 for bread making resulted in a total decrease in anthocyanins, bound phenolic acids, and most free phenolics. Therefore, this technology cannot be applied to functional bread. The results can help develop a breadmaking technology for purple wheat varieties.","PeriodicalId":12426,"journal":{"name":"Foods and Raw Materials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139264275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extremophilic bacteria as biofertilizer for agricultural wheat 嗜极细菌作为农用小麦的生物肥料
IF 1 Q4 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-613
E. Faskhutdinova, N. Fotina, O. Neverova, Yulia Golubtsova, Gaurav Mudgal, L. Asyakina
Wheat (Triticum L.) is a strategically important agricultural crop because its quality and yield provide food security for the population. Biological fertilizers improve the growth and development of agricultural crops. Unlike chemical ones, they have no toxic effect on people and the environment. This research assessed the positive effect of extremophilic microorganisms isolated from coal dump soils of the Kemerovo Region (Russia) on the growth and development of wheat. The study featured bacterial isolates of Achromobacter denitrificans, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Rhizobium radiobacter, as well as their consortia in four different ratios: 1:1:1 (Consortium A), 2:1:1 (Consortium B), 1:2:1 (Consortium C), 1:1:2 (Consortium D), respectively. The beneficial effect was assessed by determining such factors as nitrogen fixation, solubilization of phosphates, potassium, and zinc, and production of gibberellic acid, siderophores, and hydrogen cyanide. The wheat samples were checked for germination, root length, and stem length. R. radiobacter demonstrated the best nitrogen fixation properties. Consortium D, with two shares of R. radiobacter, yielded the best results for zinc solubilization. R. radiobacter proved to be the most efficient potassium solubilizer while the isolate of A. denitrificans was the best phosphate solubilizer. The largest amount of gibberellic acid belonged to K. oxytoca. Consortium C, which included two shares of this isolate, appeared to be the most effective siderophore producer. All samples but A. denitrificans were able to produce hydrogen cyanide. The best seed germination rate (84%) belonged to Consortium C, which contained a double share of K. oxytoca. Consortia C and B (two shares of A. denitrificans) had the greatest positive effect on the root length. Treatment with Consortium B resulted in the longest average stem length. Extremophilic microorganisms isolated from coal dump soils of the Kemerovo Region (Russia) had a good potential as biofertilizers that could improve wheat quality and local food security.
小麦(Triticum L.)是一种具有重要战略意义的农作物,因为它的质量和产量能为人们提供粮食安全。生物肥料能改善农作物的生长和发育。与化学肥料不同,生物肥料对人类和环境没有毒害作用。这项研究评估了从俄罗斯克麦罗沃地区煤堆土壤中分离出的嗜极端微生物对小麦生长发育的积极影响。 研究采用了反硝化细菌(Achromobacter denitrificans)、氧乐氏克雷伯氏菌(Klebsiella oxytoca)和根瘤菌(Rhizobium radiobacter)的细菌分离物,以及它们以四种不同比例组成的联合体:分别为 1:1:1(联合体 A)、2:1:1(联合体 B)、1:2:1(联合体 C)、1:1:2(联合体 D)。通过测定固氮作用,磷酸盐、钾和锌的溶解作用,赤霉素、苷元和氰化氢的产生等因素来评估其有益效果。对小麦样本的发芽率、根长和茎长进行了检测。 放射性杆菌的固氮特性最好。含有两份辐射杆菌的联合体 D 在锌溶解方面取得了最好的结果。放射性杆菌被证明是最有效的钾溶解剂,而反硝化细菌的分离物则是最好的磷酸盐溶解剂。赤霉素用量最大的是 K. oxytoca。包括两份该分离物的联合体 C 似乎是最有效的嗜苷酸盐生产者。除 A. denitrificans 外,所有样本都能产生氰化氢。种子萌发率最高(84%)的是联合体 C,其中含有两份 K. oxytoca。联合体 C 和 B(含有两份反硝化细菌)对根的长度有最大的积极影响。 复合菌群 B 的平均茎长最长。从俄罗斯克麦罗沃地区堆煤场土壤中分离出的嗜极端微生物具有很好的生物肥料潜力,可以提高小麦质量和当地的粮食安全。
{"title":"Extremophilic bacteria as biofertilizer for agricultural wheat","authors":"E. Faskhutdinova, N. Fotina, O. Neverova, Yulia Golubtsova, Gaurav Mudgal, L. Asyakina","doi":"10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-613","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat (Triticum L.) is a strategically important agricultural crop because its quality and yield provide food security for the population. Biological fertilizers improve the growth and development of agricultural crops. Unlike chemical ones, they have no toxic effect on people and the environment. This research assessed the positive effect of extremophilic microorganisms isolated from coal dump soils of the Kemerovo Region (Russia) on the growth and development of wheat. The study featured bacterial isolates of Achromobacter denitrificans, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Rhizobium radiobacter, as well as their consortia in four different ratios: 1:1:1 (Consortium A), 2:1:1 (Consortium B), 1:2:1 (Consortium C), 1:1:2 (Consortium D), respectively. The beneficial effect was assessed by determining such factors as nitrogen fixation, solubilization of phosphates, potassium, and zinc, and production of gibberellic acid, siderophores, and hydrogen cyanide. The wheat samples were checked for germination, root length, and stem length. R. radiobacter demonstrated the best nitrogen fixation properties. Consortium D, with two shares of R. radiobacter, yielded the best results for zinc solubilization. R. radiobacter proved to be the most efficient potassium solubilizer while the isolate of A. denitrificans was the best phosphate solubilizer. The largest amount of gibberellic acid belonged to K. oxytoca. Consortium C, which included two shares of this isolate, appeared to be the most effective siderophore producer. All samples but A. denitrificans were able to produce hydrogen cyanide. The best seed germination rate (84%) belonged to Consortium C, which contained a double share of K. oxytoca. Consortia C and B (two shares of A. denitrificans) had the greatest positive effect on the root length. Treatment with Consortium B resulted in the longest average stem length. Extremophilic microorganisms isolated from coal dump soils of the Kemerovo Region (Russia) had a good potential as biofertilizers that could improve wheat quality and local food security.","PeriodicalId":12426,"journal":{"name":"Foods and Raw Materials","volume":"22 06","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139266111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of drying methods on the biochemical and antioxidant properties of Volvariella volvacea from Côte d’Ivoire 干燥方法对科特迪瓦伏牛花生化和抗氧化特性的影响
IF 1 Q4 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-601
Boidi Blaise Koffi, Oscar Jaurès Gbotognon, Songuimondenin Soro, E. Kouadio
The wild mushroom Volvariella volvacea is widely picked and consumed in Côte d’Ivoire. However, it is highly perishable due to its high moisture content. This study aimed to determine the effects of three drying methods on the biochemical and mineral composition, as well as antioxidant properties, of V. volvacea powders. Three V. volvacea powders were obtained by sun drying, oven drying, and freeze-drying. Each powder was analyzed for its biochemical and mineral composition according to standard analytical methods. The powder methanolic extracts were analyzed for their antioxidant components by colorimetric methods or titration, while their antioxidant capacities were determined by using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) scavenging and the ferric reducing antioxidant power. The freeze-dried powder of V. volvacea had a better (lower) moisture content than the oven-dried and sun-dried powders. The highest protein, ash, and fiber contents were also recorded in the freeze-dried powder. In addition, freeze-drying provided the highest contents of iron, magnesium, sodium, and potassium. Regarding the antioxidant components, the freeze-dried powder showed the highest levels of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and vitamin C. Similarly, freeze-drying provided the best antioxidant capacities in terms of DPPH scavenging and the ferric reducing antioxidant power. Our study showed that freeze-drying ensured a better retention of essential nutrients and antioxidant components in the mushroom V. volvacea, while sun-drying led to greater losses of these compounds.
在科特迪瓦,野生蘑菇 Volvariella volvacea 被广泛采摘和食用。然而,由于水分含量高,它极易变质。本研究旨在确定三种干燥方法对伏瓦拉蘑菇粉的生化和矿物质成分以及抗氧化特性的影响。 通过日晒、烘箱干燥和冷冻干燥获得了三种伏牛花粉。按照标准分析方法对每种粉末的生化成分和矿物质成分进行了分析。粉末甲醇提取物的抗氧化成分分析采用比色法或滴定法,抗氧化能力测定采用 DPPH(2,2-二苯基-1-苦基-肼-水合物)清除法和铁还原抗氧化力法。 与烘干粉和晒干粉相比,伏牛花冻干粉的水分含量更高(更低)。冻干粉的蛋白质、灰分和纤维含量也最高。此外,冻干粉的铁、镁、钠和钾含量也最高。在抗氧化成分方面,冻干粉的总酚类化合物、类黄酮和维生素 C 含量最高。同样,冻干粉的 DPPH 清除率和铁还原抗氧化能力也最强。 我们的研究表明,冷冻干燥能更好地保留伏牛花蘑菇中的必需营养成分和抗氧化成分,而日晒则会导致这些化合物的更大损失。
{"title":"Effects of drying methods on the biochemical and antioxidant properties of Volvariella volvacea from Côte d’Ivoire","authors":"Boidi Blaise Koffi, Oscar Jaurès Gbotognon, Songuimondenin Soro, E. Kouadio","doi":"10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-601","url":null,"abstract":"The wild mushroom Volvariella volvacea is widely picked and consumed in Côte d’Ivoire. However, it is highly perishable due to its high moisture content. This study aimed to determine the effects of three drying methods on the biochemical and mineral composition, as well as antioxidant properties, of V. volvacea powders. Three V. volvacea powders were obtained by sun drying, oven drying, and freeze-drying. Each powder was analyzed for its biochemical and mineral composition according to standard analytical methods. The powder methanolic extracts were analyzed for their antioxidant components by colorimetric methods or titration, while their antioxidant capacities were determined by using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) scavenging and the ferric reducing antioxidant power. The freeze-dried powder of V. volvacea had a better (lower) moisture content than the oven-dried and sun-dried powders. The highest protein, ash, and fiber contents were also recorded in the freeze-dried powder. In addition, freeze-drying provided the highest contents of iron, magnesium, sodium, and potassium. Regarding the antioxidant components, the freeze-dried powder showed the highest levels of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and vitamin C. Similarly, freeze-drying provided the best antioxidant capacities in terms of DPPH scavenging and the ferric reducing antioxidant power. Our study showed that freeze-drying ensured a better retention of essential nutrients and antioxidant components in the mushroom V. volvacea, while sun-drying led to greater losses of these compounds.","PeriodicalId":12426,"journal":{"name":"Foods and Raw Materials","volume":"46 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139262458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cardiorenal protective effects of extracts of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) in animal model of metabolic syndrome 苦叶提取物对代谢综合征动物模型心衰的保护作用
IF 1 Q4 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-607
I. Uchendu, O. A. Ikebunwa, Chidimma Okpagu
Every year, metabolic syndrome and cardiorenal diseases cause many deaths worldwide. African bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) is known for its numerous therapeutic effects. Potentially, it can lower plasma lipid and glucose levels, which, in turn, may improve the condition of patients with the abovementioned diseases. This research featured the antihyperlipidemic and antihyperglycemic effects of methanol extract of V. amygdalina in an animal model of metabolic syndrome. Twenty albino rats were divided into four groups. Groups A to C were orally administered with ghee (3 mL/kg) + high-cholesterol diet (500 mg/kg) + high-sugar diet (10 mL/kg) to induce metabolic syndrome. Group A served as negative control and received no treatment with bitter leaf methanol extract. Groups B and C received 200 and 400 mg/kg of V. amygdalina methanol extract, respectively. Group D received no administration. The cardiorenal injuries and alterations in blood lipids and sugar levels wereassessed via various biochemical analyses. The combination of ghee + high-cholesterol diet + high-sugar diet triggered a significant elevation of creatine kinase myocardial band, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, glucose, urea, creatinine, and potassium levels. The histopathological results agreed with the biochemical findings. However, the treatment with 200 and 400 mg/kg of V. amygdalina methanol extract was able to inhibit the adverse alterations causing a dosedependent significant antihyperlipidemic and antihyperglycemic effect (p < 0.05). Bitter leaf (V. amygdalina) demonstrated cardiorenal protective effects and may be used to manage metabolic syndrome.
每年,代谢综合征和心血管疾病都会在全球范围内造成许多人死亡。非洲苦叶(Vernonia amygdalina)因其多种治疗效果而闻名。它可以降低血脂和血糖水平,进而改善上述疾病患者的病情。本研究主要探讨了杏仁酸甲醇提取物在代谢综合征动物模型中的降血脂和降血糖作用。 20 只白化大鼠被分为四组。A 至 C 组口服酥油(3 mL/kg)+高胆固醇饮食(500 mg/kg)+高糖饮食(10 mL/kg)以诱导代谢综合征。A 组为阴性对照,未接受苦叶甲醇提取物治疗。B 组和 C 组分别接受 200 毫克/千克和 400 毫克/千克的苦杏仁叶甲醇提取物。D 组未给药。通过各种生化分析评估心肾损伤以及血脂和血糖水平的变化。 酥油+高胆固醇饮食+高糖饮食的组合会导致肌酸激酶心肌带、乳酸脱氢酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇、葡萄糖、尿素、肌酐和钾水平显著升高。组织病理学结果与生化结果一致。然而,200 毫克和 400 毫克/千克的苦杏仁叶甲醇提取物能够抑制这些不良变化,从而产生显著的降血脂和降血糖作用(p < 0.05)。 苦叶(V. amygdalina)具有保护心肾功能的作用,可用于控制代谢综合征。
{"title":"Cardiorenal protective effects of extracts of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) in animal model of metabolic syndrome","authors":"I. Uchendu, O. A. Ikebunwa, Chidimma Okpagu","doi":"10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2024-2-607","url":null,"abstract":"Every year, metabolic syndrome and cardiorenal diseases cause many deaths worldwide. African bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) is known for its numerous therapeutic effects. Potentially, it can lower plasma lipid and glucose levels, which, in turn, may improve the condition of patients with the abovementioned diseases. This research featured the antihyperlipidemic and antihyperglycemic effects of methanol extract of V. amygdalina in an animal model of metabolic syndrome. Twenty albino rats were divided into four groups. Groups A to C were orally administered with ghee (3 mL/kg) + high-cholesterol diet (500 mg/kg) + high-sugar diet (10 mL/kg) to induce metabolic syndrome. Group A served as negative control and received no treatment with bitter leaf methanol extract. Groups B and C received 200 and 400 mg/kg of V. amygdalina methanol extract, respectively. Group D received no administration. The cardiorenal injuries and alterations in blood lipids and sugar levels wereassessed via various biochemical analyses. The combination of ghee + high-cholesterol diet + high-sugar diet triggered a significant elevation of creatine kinase myocardial band, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, glucose, urea, creatinine, and potassium levels. The histopathological results agreed with the biochemical findings. However, the treatment with 200 and 400 mg/kg of V. amygdalina methanol extract was able to inhibit the adverse alterations causing a dosedependent significant antihyperlipidemic and antihyperglycemic effect (p < 0.05). Bitter leaf (V. amygdalina) demonstrated cardiorenal protective effects and may be used to manage metabolic syndrome.","PeriodicalId":12426,"journal":{"name":"Foods and Raw Materials","volume":"48 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139264407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Foods and Raw Materials
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1