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Using Comfort Theory for Addressing the Psychosocial Needs of an Afghan Refugee Child with Thalassemia: A Case Report. 运用舒适理论满足患有地中海贫血症的阿富汗难民儿童的社会心理需求:病例报告。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241296415
Fatemeh Ebrahimpour, Jila Mirlashari

Psychological and social support is one of the factors that promote resilience in refugee children. Immigrant children with thalassemia have special psychosocial needs in the host country. The comfort model can help identify psychosocial needs. We applied Kolcaba's comfort theory to an 8-year-old Afghan boy with a history of thalassemia in Iran. According to Kolcaba's model, the taxonomy of psychological and social comfort needs were separation from mother, anxiety due to unfamiliarity with the hospital, fear of interaction and preference for silence, different culture and place of living, language barrier. To address his psychospiritual and sociocultural comfort care, we used coaching and comfort food interventions recommended by Kolcaba. The use of Kolcaba's Comfort Theory was helpful in promoting the child's emotional and social comfort in the case of an Afghan refugee child with thalassemia in Iran.

心理和社会支持是促进难民儿童恢复能力的因素之一。患有地中海贫血症的移民儿童在东道国有特殊的社会心理需求。舒适度模型可以帮助确定社会心理需求。我们将科尔卡巴的舒适理论应用于一名在伊朗有地中海贫血病史的 8 岁阿富汗男孩。根据科尔卡巴的模型,心理和社会舒适需求的分类是:与母亲分离、因不熟悉医院而焦虑、害怕与人交流和喜欢沉默、不同的文化和生活环境、语言障碍。为了解决他的心理精神和社会文化舒适护理问题,我们采用了科尔卡巴推荐的辅导和舒适食品干预措施。在伊朗的一名患有地中海贫血症的阿富汗难民儿童的案例中,科尔卡巴的 "舒适理论 "有助于促进儿童的情感和社会舒适。
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引用次数: 0
Let's Play Kids: Active Play and Mental Health of Children in the Philippines. 让孩子们玩起来菲律宾儿童的积极游戏与心理健康》。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241296408
Dalmacito A Cordero
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引用次数: 0
Is CRP-Albumin Ratio an Indicator for Wound Infection in Children Exposed to Severe Burns? A Retrospective Cohort Study. CRP-Albumin 比率是严重烧伤儿童伤口感染的指标吗?一项回顾性队列研究。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-31 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241293308
Serap Samut Bülbül, Alper Ceylan, Selim Görgün

Background. In the early stages of severe burn cases, an increase in serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level and a decrease in serum albumin level can be observed. Objective. This study aimed to investigate whether the CRP/albumin ratio at the time of hospital admission in children exposed to severe burns would be an indicator for bacterial growth at the wound site. Method. A total of 137 pediatric patients who were treated in our hospital's burn center due to third-degree burns of 30% or more of their body between January 2019 and October 2023 were included in the study. Results. The mean age was 3.69 ± 4.16 years. CRP/albumin ratio was found to be an independent risk factor for culture positivity (odds ratio: 1.162; P = .01). Conclusion. High CRP/albumin ratio in children with severe burns may provide important information about the development of wound colonization or infection, most likely due to prolonged hospital stay.

背景。在严重烧伤病例的早期阶段,可观察到血清 C 反应蛋白(CRP)水平升高和血清白蛋白水平降低。研究目的本研究旨在探讨严重烧伤患儿入院时的 CRP/白蛋白比值是否是伤口处细菌生长的指标。方法。研究对象包括2019年1月至2023年10月期间在我院烧伤中心接受治疗的137例因全身30%或以上三度烧伤的儿童患者。研究结果平均年龄为(3.69±4.16)岁。研究发现,CRP/白蛋白比值是培养阳性的独立风险因素(几率比:1.162;P = .01)。结论严重烧伤患儿的高CRP/白蛋白比值可为伤口定植或感染的发生提供重要信息,这很可能是由于住院时间过长所致。
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引用次数: 0
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Associated With COVID-19 Infection in Morocco. 摩洛哥与 COVID-19 感染有关的儿童多系统炎症综合征 (MIS-C)。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-28 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241286772
Naima Amenzoui, Siham Zouiter, Meriem Nassid, Halima Kholaiq, Ikbal Belkhou, Ibtihal Benhsaien, Fatima Ailal, Fatima Adnane, Zineb Jouhadi, Ahmed Aziz Bousfiha

Introduction. This study aims to describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of Multisysteminflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Methods. A retrospective study encompassing 52 children diagnosed with MIS-C according to the World Health Organization criteria, over a 3-year period at Abderrahim Harrouchi Hospital in Morocco. Results. The median age was 6 years (IQR: 1-14), with a sex ratio of 1.16 (28 boys and 24 girls). Clinical manifestations were predominantly characterized by fever in all cases (100%), respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms in 30 cases (58%) and 23 cases (44%) respectively, and shock in 9 cases (17%). We noted a myocarditis in 6 cases (12%). The treatment comprised intravenous human Immunoglobulin combined with methylprednisolone in all patients (100%). Conclusion. The characteristics of our MIS-C patients were similar to those in the literature, but more studies are needed to confirm these results.

导言本研究旨在描述儿童多系统炎症综合征(MIS-C)的临床和辅助临床特征。研究方法。根据世界卫生组织的标准,对摩洛哥 Abderrahim Harrouchi 医院 3 年内诊断出的 52 名儿童多系统炎症综合征(MIS-C)患者进行回顾性研究。研究结果。中位年龄为 6 岁(IQR:1-14),性别比为 1.16(28 名男孩和 24 名女孩)。所有病例的临床表现均以发热为主(100%),出现呼吸道和胃肠道症状的病例分别为 30 例(58%)和 23 例(44%),出现休克的病例为 9 例(17%)。我们注意到有 6 例(12%)患者患有心肌炎。所有患者(100%)都接受了静脉注射人免疫球蛋白和甲基强的松龙的治疗。结论我们的 MIS-C 患者的特征与文献报道的相似,但还需要更多的研究来证实这些结果。
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引用次数: 0
Trans-Oral Protrusion of the Distal End of a Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt: A Case Report of an Unusual Complication. 脑室腹腔分流术远端经口腔突出:罕见并发症的病例报告。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-27 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241291750
Joseph Y B Nnang, Berjo Takoutsing, Lisa Akob, Gilbert Yada, Geneviève Endalle, Mohammed Njoya, Yvanah Owoundi, Astel Dongmo, Mercy Berinyuy, Wunde Njineck, Mustafa Semougnal, Megan E H Still, Ignatius Esene

Ventriculoperitoneal shunting (VPS) is the surgical technique of choice to manage pediatric hydrocephalus. Despite having good results, it is prone to complications, some of which are rare. This is the case report of a 2-year-old male, with an uncomplicated VPS done at 6 months of age, presenting with vomiting, irritability, anorexia, and drooling. There was an oral protrusion of a tube dripping clear fluid. Imaging studies demonstrated evidence of gastric perforation with a cephalic migration and transoral protrusion of the distal end of the shunt tubing. A gastroplasty, and immediate revision of the distal shunt were done free of any complications. This case report underlines the importance of recognizing and managing trans-oral protrusion of the distal end of VPS system in a timely manner, and raises awareness of this uncommon complication and its potential influence on patient health and survival, given ventriculitis' high lethality.

脑室腹腔分流术(VPS)是治疗小儿脑积水的首选手术技术。尽管效果良好,但容易出现并发症,其中一些并发症较为罕见。本病例报告的是一名两岁男童,在6个月大时进行了一次无并发症的VPS手术,表现为呕吐、烦躁、厌食和流口水。口腔内有一根管子突出,滴下透明液体。影像学检查显示存在胃穿孔,分流管远端头端移位和经口突出。在没有出现任何并发症的情况下,进行了胃成形术,并立即对分流管远端进行了翻修。本病例报告强调了及时识别和处理 VPS 系统远端经口突出的重要性,并提高了人们对这一罕见并发症及其对患者健康和生存的潜在影响的认识,因为脑室炎的致死率很高。
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引用次数: 0
Addressing Drug-Related Side Effects in Children With Congenital Heart Disease: A Policy Brief. 解决先天性心脏病患儿的药物副作用:政策简介。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241291398
Esmaeel Toni, Haleh Ayatollahi
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引用次数: 0
Prescribing Patterns of Antibiotics in Pediatric Wards of Secondary Care Centers: A Retrospective Study Based on WHO AWaRe Classification. 二级医疗中心儿科病房抗生素处方模式:基于世界卫生组织 AWaRe 分类的回顾性研究。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241291409
Afia Tariq Butt, Sobia Ramzan, Dania Shabbir, Amna Sajjad, Murk Shaikh, Maryam Iqbal Syed, Mohammad Aadil Qamar

Objectives. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to global public health, with substantial mortality rates attributed to AMR-related infections. Pediatric populations face heightened vulnerability due to prevalent antimicrobial misuse. This study aimed at addressing the significant threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and its associated mortality rates. Methods. This retrospective cross-sectional multicentric study investigated antibiotic prescribing patterns in pediatric wards of 4 secondary care hospitals affiliated with Aga Khan University Hospital. The study utilized the WHO Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWaRe) classification framework. Data from 6934 encounters were analyzed. Results. Antibiotics were prescribed in 78.1% of encounters, with intravenous administration being predominant (98.6%). Ceftriaxone was the most prescribed antibiotic agent (45.8%), and third-generation cephalosporins constituted the most prevalent antibiotic class (54.4%). Pneumonia exhibited the highest prescription rate (99.9%), with Watch group antibiotics being predominantly prescribed (>80%) across hospitals. Conclusion. These findings underscore the urgency for targeted interventions to optimize prescribing practices and mitigate resistance.

目的。抗菌药耐药性(AMR)对全球公共卫生构成了重大威胁,与 AMR 相关的感染导致了大量死亡。由于普遍滥用抗菌药物,儿科人群面临着更大的脆弱性。本研究旨在应对抗菌药耐药性(AMR)及其相关死亡率的重大威胁。方法。这项回顾性横断面多中心研究调查了阿迦汗大学医院下属 4 家二级医院儿科病房的抗生素处方模式。研究采用了世界卫生组织的 "获取、观察和储备"(AWaRe)分类框架。对 6934 次就诊的数据进行了分析。研究结果78.1%的病例开具了抗生素处方,其中以静脉注射为主(98.6%)。头孢曲松是处方量最多的抗生素(45.8%),第三代头孢菌素是最常用的抗生素类别(54.4%)。肺炎的处方率最高(99.9%),各家医院主要处方的是观察组抗生素(>80%)。结论这些研究结果表明,当务之急是采取有针对性的干预措施,以优化处方做法并减少耐药性。
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引用次数: 0
The Efficacy of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis in Infants Born to HBsAg-Positive Mothers: A Single Center Experience in Saudi Arabia. HBsAg 阳性母亲所生婴儿暴露后预防的疗效:沙特阿拉伯单中心经验。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241290780
Mansour Al Qurashi, Hanan Al-Najjar, Syed Sameer Aga, Hadeel Mohammad, Ahmed Mustafa, Mohammed Al Hindi, Abrar Ahmed, Mohammad Al Harbi, Mohammad Hasosah, Ashraf Alsahaf, Mona Aldabbagh, Sara Abed

Objectives. Post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) with the hepatitis B vaccine (HBVac) in combination with HBV immunoglobulins (HBIG) significantly minimizes the odds of vertical transmission of HBV to newborn infants. In this retrospective study, we aimed to evaluate the compliance and efficacy of PEP in a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia. Methods. Infants were tested with HBV serological markers at 7 months of age to assess their PEP protection rate. Results. Out of 13,125 mothers who delivered in KAMC, 105 (0.8%) mothers were found to have HBsAg positive, with a prevalence of 8 per 1000 live births. All infants (n = 100) completed their PEP as per protocol before discharge from the hospital (2 days after delivery). Among infants (n = 59; 56.2%) who were tested at 7 months of age, all (100%) were found to be negative for HBV. Conclusion. PEP achieved 100% efficacy among infants who complied with the study protocol at 7 months of follow-up. The prevalence of hepatitis B among pregnant women was 8 per 1000 live births.

目标。使用乙肝疫苗(HBVac)联合 HBV 免疫球蛋白(HBIG)进行暴露后预防(PEP)可大大降低 HBV 垂直传播给新生儿的几率。在这项回顾性研究中,我们旨在评估沙特阿拉伯一家三级医疗中心中 PEP 的依从性和有效性。研究方法对 7 个月大的婴儿进行 HBV 血清学标记检测,以评估他们的 PEP 保护率。结果。在 KAMC 分娩的 13125 名母亲中,105 名(0.8%)母亲的 HBsAg 阳性,发病率为每 1000 名活产婴儿中 8 例。所有婴儿(n = 100)都在出院前(产后 2 天)按照规定完成了预防性治疗。在 7 个月大时接受检测的婴儿(n = 59;56.2%)中,所有婴儿(100%)的 HBV 检测结果均为阴性。结论。在 7 个月的随访中,PEP 在遵守研究方案的婴儿中达到了 100% 的有效率。乙型肝炎在孕妇中的发病率为每 1000 名活产婴儿中有 8 例。
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引用次数: 0
Epidemiology of Early Neonatal Mortality in an Eastern Ethiopian NICU: Insights From Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital. 埃塞俄比亚东部新生儿重症监护室新生儿早期死亡的流行病学:来自 Hiwot Fana 大学专科医院的启示。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-17 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241273134
AbdulmalikAbdela Bushra, NegaAssefa Kassa, Desalegn Admassu Ayana, Adisu Birhanu Weldesenbet, Mohammedin KebirHussen KebirMuhammad, Biniam Petros Chunkele, Ibsa Abdusemed Ahmed, Alo Edin Huka

Background. Early neonatal mortality remains a significant public health challenge in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study is designed to investigate the magnitude and underlying factors associated with early neonatal mortality among infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods. an institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 20 to December 20, 2021, by reviewing the medical records of 432 neonates admitted from September 11, 2018, to September 10, 2021. Data were cleaned, entered into Epi Data 3.1, and analyzed using Stata 15. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed with statistical significance set at a P-value <.05. Results. The study found that the magnitude of early neonatal mortality was 10.6% (95% CI: 8.06, 13.94). The primary contributors to early neonatal mortality was early onset neonatal sepsis (56%), preterm birth (52.2%), and perinatal asphyxia (32.6%). Notably, early onset neonatal sepsis (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 2.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06, 5.05), respiratory distress syndrome (AOR = 3.98, 95% CI: 1.97, 8.05), and low birth weight (AOR = 3.70, 95% CI: 1.67, 8.18) were independently associated with early neonatal mortality. Conclusion. The study focuses on the significance of early neonatal mortality in Ethiopia, with key factors such as early onset neonatal sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, and low birth weight contributing to this issue. The advancements in preventive interventions and early management of high-risk neonates offer promise in reducing early neonatal deaths.

背景。在埃塞俄比亚,新生儿早期死亡仍是一项重大的公共卫生挑战。因此,本研究旨在调查埃塞俄比亚东部 Hiwot Fana 大学专科医院新生儿重症监护室收治的婴儿中新生儿早期死亡的程度和相关因素。方法:2018 年 9 月 11 日至 2021 年 9 月 10 日期间收治的 432 名新生儿的病历,于 11 月 20 日至 12 月 20 日进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。数据经清理后输入 Epi Data 3.1,并使用 Stata 15 进行分析。采用二变量和多变量逻辑回归分析,统计显著性设定为 P 值 结果。研究发现,新生儿早期死亡率为 10.6%(95% CI:8.06, 13.94)。导致早期新生儿死亡的主要因素是早发新生儿败血症(56%)、早产(52.2%)和围产期窒息(32.6%)。值得注意的是,早发新生儿败血症(调整比值比 [AOR] = 2.31,95% 置信区间 [CI]:1.06, 5.05)、呼吸窘迫综合征(AOR = 3.98,95% CI:1.97, 8.05)和低出生体重(AOR = 3.70,95% CI:1.67, 8.18)与新生儿早期死亡独立相关。结论该研究重点探讨了埃塞俄比亚新生儿早期死亡的重要意义,而新生儿早期败血症、呼吸窘迫综合征和低出生体重等关键因素是造成这一问题的原因。预防性干预措施和高危新生儿早期管理方面的进步为减少新生儿早期死亡带来了希望。
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引用次数: 0
Determining Consensus Alignment and Barriers of Neonatal Thermal Management in Nepal Using a Modified Delphi Process. 采用改良德尔菲法确定尼泊尔新生儿热管理的共识一致性和障碍。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-17 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241273300
Brandon Tomlin, Bibec Lamichhane, Ranjan Dhungana, Grace Richards, Peter Grubb, Anamika Mahato, Bernhard Fassl, Allison Judkins

Objective. Neonatal hypothermia is a worldwide health burden with an incidence ranging from 32% to 85% in hospitals and 11% to 92% in homebirths. It is prevalent in Nepal and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The study objective was to identify key practice standards of newborn thermal management in Nepal. Methods. Our subjects included 6 lead newborn physicians from major birthing centers in Kathmandu. A modified Delphi process was used to identify the top 5 key practice standards for newborn thermoregulation in the hospital, health post, and home, compiled from 14 World Health Organization recommended practices. Results. There was consensus in all ranked practices except using radiant heat sources in the hospital and performing Kangaroo Mother Care in the homebirths. Comments conveyed that interventions during the immediate delivery phase were most impactful and feasible. Conclusion. Nepali physicians prioritized thermoregulatory practices during the immediate resuscitation period over the post-resuscitation period.

目的。新生儿体温过低是世界性的健康负担,在医院的发病率为 32% 至 85%,在家庭分娩的发病率为 11% 至 92%。它在尼泊尔很普遍,并与发病率和死亡率的增加有关。本研究旨在确定尼泊尔新生儿热管理的主要实践标准。研究方法我们的研究对象包括来自加德满都主要分娩中心的 6 名新生儿主治医生。我们采用改良的德尔菲程序,从世界卫生组织推荐的 14 种做法中筛选出医院、保健站和家庭中新生儿体温调节的 5 大关键实践标准。结果。除了在医院使用辐射热源和在家庭分娩中实施袋鼠妈妈护理外,其他所有排名的做法都达成了共识。意见表明,在分娩的第一阶段采取的干预措施最有影响力,也最可行。结论与复苏后相比,尼泊尔医生更重视复苏初期的体温调节措施。
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引用次数: 0
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Global Pediatric Health
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