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Insights Into Child Abuse and Neglect in the Washington DC, Maryland, and Virginia (DMV) Area: Evidence and Opportunities. 深入了解华盛顿特区、马里兰州和弗吉尼亚州 (DMV) 地区的虐待和忽视儿童现象:证据与机遇。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-28 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241284029
Intima Alrimawi, Elizabeth Bettini, Clishia Taylor, Ahmad Rajeh Saifan, Nabeel Al-Yateem

Child abuse and neglect (CAN) significantly impact health, the economy, and society. This narrative review examines CAN in the Washington DC, Maryland, and Virginia (DMV) region, comparing it with national and international levels. The review highlights high CAN rates in the DMV, driven by factors such as socioeconomic status, parental substance abuse, and child vulnerabilities. Screening and reporting challenges, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, impede accurate data collection. This review emphasizes the need for standardized reporting mechanisms, economic investment in public health, and intersectoral collaboration. It recommends targeted support for at-risk families, specialized care for vulnerable children, and the development of predictive screening tools. Continuous research on regional and cultural factors and the pandemic's impact is crucial for future resilience. Addressing CAN requires a comprehensive approach involving prevention, early detection, intervention, and policy reform to safeguard the well-being of children.

虐待和忽视儿童(CAN)对健康、经济和社会都有重大影响。本叙述性综述研究了华盛顿特区、马里兰州和弗吉尼亚州(DMV)地区的虐待和忽视儿童问题,并将其与国内和国际水平进行了比较。综述强调,受社会经济地位、父母药物滥用和儿童脆弱性等因素的影响,弗吉尼亚、马里兰和华盛顿特区的 CAN 发生率很高。由于 COVID-19 的流行,筛查和报告方面的挑战变得更加严峻,这阻碍了数据的准确收集。本次审查强调了标准化报告机制、公共卫生经济投资和跨部门合作的必要性。它建议为高危家庭提供有针对性的支持,为易感儿童提供专门护理,并开发预测性筛查工具。对地区和文化因素以及大流行的影响进行持续研究对于未来的抗灾能力至关重要。应对 CAN 需要采取全面的方法,包括预防、早期检测、干预和政策改革,以保障儿童的福祉。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Hit-Sport-Game Exercise Training on Self-Control and Regulation in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). 点击-体育游戏运动训练对注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童自我控制和调节能力的影响。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-28 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241287095
Mariano Jairo Salleg-Cabarcas, Carolina Robledo-Castro, Claudia Patricia Monsalve-Vertel

Objective. To determine the effect of a physical exercise training program, "HitSportGame" (HSG), on self-regulation of children with ADHD. Subjects and methods. The participants (N = 44) were children with ADHD aged 8 to 12 years (Mean 10.5 SD 1.4) without comorbidity with other neurodevelopmental disorders. Children were randomized to an experimental group and a wait-list control group. The experimental group participated in the Hit-Sport-Game (HSG) training program thrice a week for 12 weeks. The self-control skills of the participants in both groups were evaluated with the CACIA (Child and Adolescent Self-Control Questionnaire) 1 week before and 1 week after completing the entire intervention. Results. The results showed significant improvements with effect sizes from moderate to large in the scales of personal feedback (P = .003; η2 p = 0.183), criteria self-control (P = .029; η2 p = 0.112), and procedural self-control (P = .015; η2 p = 0.131) after the intervention in the experimental group compared to the control group, which showed no difference on any of these scales. The reward delay scale did not show significant changes associated with the intervention (P = .104; η2 p = 0.059). Conclusions. HitSportGame physical exercise training demonstrated favorable effects on some self-control skills such as personal feedback, criterial self-control and procedural self-control of children with ADHD. However, it did not show any effect on the ability to delay rewards in this population.

目的确定体育锻炼训练项目 "HitSportGame"(HSG)对多动症儿童自我调节能力的影响。研究对象和方法。参与者(N = 44)均为患有多动症的儿童,年龄在 8 至 12 岁之间(平均值 10.5 SD 1.4),且未合并其他神经发育障碍。儿童被随机分为实验组和候补对照组。实验组参加了每周三次、为期 12 周的 "击球-运动-游戏"(HSG)训练计划。在完成整个干预前一周和完成整个干预后一周,使用儿童和青少年自控力问卷(CACIA)对两组参与者的自控能力进行评估。结果显示结果显示,与对照组相比,实验组在干预后的个人反馈量表(P = .003;η2 p = 0.183)、标准自我控制量表(P = .029;η2 p = 0.112)和程序自我控制量表(P = .015;η2 p = 0.131)都有明显改善,效果大小从中等到较大不等。奖励延迟量表没有显示出与干预相关的显著变化(P = .104; η2 p = 0.059)。结论HitSportGame体育锻炼训练对多动症儿童的一些自我控制能力,如个人反馈、标准自我控制和程序自我控制有良好的影响。但是,该训练方法对这一人群延迟奖励的能力没有任何影响。
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引用次数: 0
Perceived Emotional Self-Efficacy and Life Satisfaction of Elementary School Children on the US-Mexico Border. 美墨边境小学生的情感自我效能感和生活满意度。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-27 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241286719
Mei-Ling Lin, Yok-Fong Paat

Objectives. It has been established that an adult's perceived ability to effectively address negative emotions predicts their life satisfaction. To increase the understanding of ethnic minority children's mental health and quality of life, this study examined the relationship between perceived emotional self-efficacy and life satisfaction of Hispanic children. Methods. Using the nonexperimental-correlational research design and the convenience sampling method, a total of 176 fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade students (73 boys, 103 girls; 88% Hispanic) in one public elementary school on the US-Mexico border were recruited to participate in this study. Emotional self-efficacy was measured using the emotional subscale of the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children and subjective well-being was measured using the Student Life Satisfaction Scale. Spearman correlation and ordinal regression analyses were used to test the study hypotheses. Results. Consistent with findings from the current literature, emotional self-efficacy was positively associated with subjective well-being. Children in lower elementary grades were more likely to report higher emotional self-efficacy than those in higher elementary grades. Boys were more likely to report higher life satisfaction than girls. Conclusions and Relevance. Using a sample of elementary school children with Hispanic backgrounds on the US-Mexico border, this study attested to the empirical link between emotional self-efficacy and life satisfaction. Our study findings stress the importance of early identification of students with low emotional self-efficacious beliefs and the early introduction of social-emotional learning programs in elementary schools to enhance students' emotional self-efficacy. This study contributes to positive psychology literature and provides insights for future school-based mental health practice and research.

研究目的成人有效处理负面情绪的能力可预测其生活满意度。为了加深对少数民族儿童心理健康和生活质量的了解,本研究探讨了西班牙裔儿童感知的情绪自我效能感与生活满意度之间的关系。研究方法本研究采用非实验-相关研究设计和便利抽样法,招募了美国与墨西哥边境一所公立小学的 176 名四年级、五年级和六年级学生(73 名男生,103 名女生;88% 为西班牙裔)参与研究。情绪自我效能感采用儿童自我效能感问卷的情绪分量表进行测量,主观幸福感采用学生生活满意度量表进行测量。斯皮尔曼相关分析和序数回归分析用于检验研究假设。研究结果与现有文献的研究结果一致,情绪自我效能感与主观幸福感呈正相关。小学低年级儿童比小学高年级儿童更有可能报告较高的情绪自我效能感。男孩比女孩更有可能报告较高的生活满意度。结论与意义。本研究以美墨边境具有西班牙裔背景的小学生为样本,证明了情绪自我效能感与生活满意度之间的经验联系。我们的研究结果强调了及早识别情绪自我效能感低的学生以及及早在小学引入社会情感学习课程以提高学生情绪自我效能感的重要性。本研究为积极心理学文献做出了贡献,并为未来的校本心理健康实践和研究提供了启示。
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引用次数: 0
Surgical Management of Pediatric Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans: About Two Challenging Case Reports. 小儿原发性皮纤维肉瘤的手术治疗:关于两个具有挑战性的病例报告
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-27 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241286916
Yacine Zouirech, Abir Manni, Badr Rouijel, Ahmed El Baoudi, Hajar El Agouri, Nawfal Fejjal

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is an extremely rare cutaneous tumor in children, marked by local aggressiveness, slow growth, high recurrence rate, and low metastatic potential. Its prevalence is often underestimated in children due to its slow growth and frequent misdiagnosis. Diagnosing DFSP can be challenging due to nonspecific symptoms. While most cases present as nodular lesions on the trunk or proximal extremities, some lesions, such as atrophic plaques or sclerotic nodular plaques, can mimic vascular malformations and confuse clinicians. Histologic and immunohistochemical studies are essential for definitive diagnosis. The treatment of choice is complete surgical resection with wide margins to reduce the risk of recurrence. We report two pediatric DFSP cases on the trunk, including one mimicking vascular malformations. Both cases had successful 4 cm margin resections, with no recurrences observed after 6 months and 2 years of follow-up, respectively. Continuous surveillance will be maintained for at least 5 years.

原发性皮肤纤维肉瘤(DFSP)是一种极为罕见的儿童皮肤肿瘤,其特点是局部侵袭性强、生长缓慢、复发率高且转移潜力低。由于其生长缓慢且经常被误诊,其在儿童中的发病率往往被低估。由于症状不具特异性,诊断 DFSP 具有挑战性。虽然大多数病例表现为躯干或四肢近端结节性病变,但有些病变,如萎缩性斑块或硬化性结节斑块,可与血管畸形相仿,使临床医生感到困惑。组织学和免疫组化研究对明确诊断至关重要。首选的治疗方法是彻底手术切除,并保留较宽的切缘,以降低复发风险。我们报告了两例小儿躯干 DFSP 病例,其中一例模仿血管畸形。两例病例均成功切除了 4 厘米的边缘,分别在 6 个月和 2 年的随访后未发现复发。连续监测将持续至少 5 年。
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引用次数: 0
Computer-Based Simulation for Pediatric Cardiovascular Disease Management: A Policy Brief. 基于计算机的小儿心血管疾病管理模拟:政策简介。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-25 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241286731
Arezoo Abasi, Haleh Ayatollahi
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引用次数: 0
Challenges and Strategies in Pediatric Critical Care: Insights From Low-Resource Settings. 儿科重症监护的挑战与策略:低资源环境的启示。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-24 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241285964
Gbolahan Olatunji, Emmanuel Kokori, Nicholas Aderinto, Anoud Abdul, Vincent Tsoi, Lamyaa Mohamed, Mohammed Alsabri Hussein Alsabri

Background. Pediatric critical care in low-resource settings faces challenges like inadequate infrastructure, limited personnel, financial constraints, and cultural considerations, leading to poor outcomes for critically ill children. Methods. This review synthesizes information from 2 articles on pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It identifies challenges such as high care costs, cultural preferences, and resource allocation issues. Results. Challenges include the financial burden of care, limited resources, and the need for external funding. Family preferences impact healthcare decisions, leading to ethical dilemmas. Resource allocation issues affect patient outcomes, including delayed diagnoses and high mortality rates. Conclusion. Addressing these challenges requires a multifaceted approach involving governments, healthcare providers, and international stakeholders. Standardizing care, investing in infrastructure and training, and promoting collaboration are essential to improving pediatric critical care and ensuring equitable access.

背景。在资源匮乏的环境中,儿科重症监护面临着基础设施不足、人员有限、资金限制和文化因素等挑战,导致重症患儿的治疗效果不佳。方法。本综述综合了两篇文章中关于中低收入国家(LMICs)儿科重症监护病房(PICUs)的信息。它指出了诸如高额护理成本、文化偏好和资源分配问题等挑战。结果。挑战包括护理的经济负担、资源有限以及需要外部资助。家庭偏好影响医疗决策,导致伦理困境。资源分配问题影响患者的治疗效果,包括诊断延迟和高死亡率。结论。要应对这些挑战,需要政府、医疗服务提供者和国际利益相关者多管齐下。标准化护理、投资基础设施和培训以及促进合作对于改善儿科危重症护理和确保公平就医至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Among 18 to 48 Month Old Children: A Multi-Center Study in Qatar. 18 至 48 个月儿童患自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的风险:卡塔尔的一项多中心研究。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241284476
Aisha Abdulraheem Sameea, Ekram Wassim Abd El-Wahab, Sherif Omar Osman

Background. Little is known about autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Qatar. The lack of consensus in ASD screening has led to differences in the reported prevalence with escalating rates over time. Objective(s). To screen for ASD and to identify associate factors among Qatary children aged 18 to 48 months. Methods. A cross-sectional study included 600 eligible children at 10 Primary Health Care Centers (PHCCs) in Qatar. Identification of ASD was based on the M-CHAT™ criteria. Results. The number of ASD screen-positive children in the M-CHAT™ was 25.13 per 10.000, and was significantly associated with older maternal age (10.5%) and history of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (20.0%) [AOR] = 4.88; 95%[CI]: 1.50-16.30)]. The Odds of detecting ASD was lower in children below 2 years of age (AOR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.87-0.98]). Conclusion. This study demonstrates the utility of M-CHAT™ for ASD screening in PHCCs. Identification of the factors associated with positive ASD screening can highlight areas suitable for future intervention.

背景。人们对卡塔尔的自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)知之甚少。由于在自闭症筛查方面缺乏共识,导致报告的患病率存在差异,并且随着时间的推移患病率不断上升。目标:筛查自闭症谱系障碍在 18 到 48 个月的卡塔尔儿童中筛查 ASD 并确定相关因素。方法:横断面研究。这项横断面研究包括卡塔尔 10 家初级卫生保健中心 (PHCC) 的 600 名符合条件的儿童。根据 M-CHAT™ 标准确定 ASD。研究结果M-CHAT™筛查出的 ASD 阳性患儿人数为 25.13/10.000,与高龄产妇(10.5%)和新生儿高胆红素血症病史(20.0%)显著相关[AOR] = 4.88; 95%[CI]:1.50-16.30)].两岁以下儿童检出 ASD 的几率较低(AOR = 0.92;95% CI:0.87-0.98])。结论本研究证明了 M-CHAT™ 在初级保健中心筛查 ASD 的实用性。确定与 ASD 筛查阳性结果相关的因素可突出适合未来干预的领域。
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引用次数: 0
Unusual Case of Fetal Meningocele Mimicking Dacryocystocele. 胎儿脑膜囊肿模仿泪囊肿的罕见病例
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241283175
Phuong Thi Mai, Cong Thao Trinh, The Huan Hoang, Van Trung Hoang

Meningocele, a rare subtype of cephalocele, can manifest in various positions and exhibit diverse characteristics. On the other hand, dacryocystocele, also a rare anatomical disorder, typically presents as a cyst located between the nose and the eye. Generally, distinguishing between these 2 lesions is not difficult. The presented case involves a fetus with suspected dacryocystocele, ultimately diagnosed postpartum as meningocele, underscoring the complexities in distinguishing between these conditions. The article details the patient's prenatal examinations, imaging findings, and the subsequent surgical intervention, highlighting the significance of meticulous diagnosis for effective prenatal management. The case illuminates the potential oversight and misdiagnosis challenges associated with atypical cephaloceles, contributing valuable insights for clinicians involved in prenatal diagnosis and management.

脑膜囊肿是头颅囊肿的一种罕见亚型,可表现为不同位置和不同特征。另一方面,泪囊也是一种罕见的解剖学疾病,通常表现为位于鼻子和眼睛之间的囊肿。一般来说,区分这两种病变并不困难。本病例中,一名胎儿疑似患有泪囊炎,产后最终被诊断为脑膜囊肿,凸显了区分这两种病症的复杂性。文章详细介绍了患者的产前检查、影像学检查结果以及随后的手术干预,强调了细致诊断对有效产前管理的重要性。该病例揭示了与不典型头畸形相关的潜在疏忽和误诊难题,为从事产前诊断和管理的临床医生提供了宝贵的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Pediatric Bacterial Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Central Vietnam: A Prospective Study. 越南中部小儿细菌性皮肤和软组织感染的临床特征和治疗结果:前瞻性研究。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-20 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241283785
Chau Duc Nguyen-Huu, Thi Nhung Cao, Van-Tuy Nguyen

Objective. This study examined bacterial skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in pediatric patients at a hospital in Vietnam. Methods. An April 2022-June 2023 prospective obsevational study at a Tertiary Paediatric Centre in Vietnam. Results. From We analyzed 87 cases and found that the greatest occurrence rates were reported during the summer season. Common symptoms were fever, edema, and lower leg involvement. Curiously, although blood cultures seldom verified the offender, Staphylococcus aureus was the most common cause. Additionally, the study found that children with infections including pus were administered a more extended course of antibiotics. Approximately one-third of the patients underwent surgical procedures, and most of them were administered intravenous antibiotics. Fortunately, all the youngsters made a full recovery. Conclusions. In summary, the results indicate that children with purulent SSTIs, primarily attributed to Staphylococcus aureus, may need longer courses of antibiotics. Intravenous antibiotic administration emerged as the predominant therapeutic modality.

研究目的本研究调查了越南一家医院儿科患者的皮肤和软组织细菌感染(SSTI)情况。方法。2022 年 4 月至 2023 年 6 月在越南一家三级儿科中心进行的前瞻性观察研究。结果。我们分析了 87 个病例,发现夏季发病率最高。常见症状为发热、水肿和小腿受累。令人奇怪的是,虽然血液培养很少能核实罪犯,但金黄色葡萄球菌是最常见的病因。此外,研究还发现,感染包括化脓的儿童使用抗生素的疗程更长。约有三分之一的患者接受了外科手术,其中大多数都接受了静脉注射抗生素。幸运的是,所有患儿都完全康复了。结论总之,研究结果表明,主要由金黄色葡萄球菌引起的化脓性 SSTI 儿童可能需要更长时间的抗生素治疗。静脉注射抗生素是最主要的治疗方式。
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引用次数: 0
Outcome of Expanded Newborn Screening Among 194 000 Neonates at Northeast México. 墨西哥东北部 194 000 名新生儿的扩大新生儿筛查结果。
IF 1.4 Q3 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-20 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241280830
María Del Rosario Torres-Sepúlveda, Laura E Martínez de Villarreal, Jesús Zacarías Villarreal-Pérez, María Del Consuelo Ruiz Herrera, Patricia Del Carmen Arredondo Vázquez, Ana Karen Treviño-Morales

Objectives. To describe the results of a 16-year experience of a state-coverage expanded newborn screening program (NBSP) in Northeast México. Methods. Between 2002 and 2017, dried blood spots of newborns were screened for congenital hypothyroidism (CH), congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), biotinidase deficiency, galactosemia, cystic fibrosis, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency via immunofluorescence and amino and fatty acid disorders and organic acidemias using tandem mass spectrometry. Frequency rates were determined. Results. Overall, 192 487 samples were processed; 99.4% had negative results, and 598 were diagnosed. The frequency was 3.01/1000 newborns. G6PD deficiency, CH, amino acidemia, organic acidemia, cystic fibrosis, CAH, fatty acid oxidation disorder, galactosemia, and biotinidase deficiency cases were 1:773, 1:962, 1:4277, 1:4476, 1:11,322, 1:10,693, 1:10,693, 1:38,497, and 1:64,162, respectively. Conclusion. Using different technologies in NBSP increased the number of conditions detected, facilitating infant morbidity and mortality prevention. The frequency of disorders depends on the population's genetic background and diagnostic capacity.

目的。描述在墨西哥东北部实施的扩大州覆盖范围的新生儿筛查计划(NBSP)16 年来的成果。方法。在 2002 年至 2017 年期间,通过免疫荧光法筛查新生儿干血斑是否患有先天性甲状腺功能减退症 (CH)、先天性肾上腺皮质增生症 (CAH)、生物素酶缺乏症、半乳糖血症、囊性纤维化和葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶 (G6PD) 缺乏症,并通过串联质谱法筛查氨基酸和脂肪酸紊乱以及有机酸血症。确定了发病率。结果。共处理了 192487 份样本,99.4% 的样本结果为阴性,598 份样本被确诊。发病率为 3.01/1000 例新生儿。G6PD缺乏症、CH、氨基酸血症、有机酸血症、囊性纤维化、CAH、脂肪酸氧化障碍、半乳糖血症和生物素酶缺乏症的发病率分别为1:773、1:962、1:4277、1:4476、1:11,322、1:10,693、1:10,693、1:38,497和1:64,162。结论在 NBSP 中使用不同的技术增加了检测到的病症数量,有利于预防婴儿发病和死亡。疾病的频率取决于人口的遗传背景和诊断能力。
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引用次数: 0
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Global Pediatric Health
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