General and comparative endocrinology最新文献

Time the Avenger: Unpredictable environmental disruptions induce changes in neural expression of glucocorticoid receptors in the vocal learning circuit of the male budgerigar. 《复仇者时代》：不可预测的环境干扰导致雄性虎皮鹦鹉声音学习回路中糖皮质激素受体的神经表达发生变化。

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2026.114900

Kayla M Moehn, Alondra Villalba, Amelia Clayshulte Abraham, Kennedy Ulmer, Jodie M Jawor, Timothy F Wright

Chronic stress can impair behaviors critical for survival, including cognitive traits such as vocal learning. Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus), a parrot species capable of lifelong vocal plasticity, offer a valuable model for studying how stress affects vocal learning circuitry. Previous research has shown that chronic stress induced by unpredictable environmental disturbances reduces vocal plasticity in captive budgerigars, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this change remain unclear. To investigate physiological and molecular responses to these disturbances, we collected data across weekly timepoints in budgerigars subjected to a protocol of mild, unpredictable disturbances. We measured both baseline and stress-induced circulating corticosterone levels and used qPCR to assess expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) mRNA in three brain regions: the magnocellular nucleus of the medial striatum (MMSt), a vocal learning nucleus; the ventral striatum pallidum (VSP), a neighboring striatal region; and the hippocampus, which is involved in stress regulation. Contrary to expectations, there was no statistically significant difference in circulating corticosterone between control and experimental treatments nor among weeks. However, the presence of unpredictable disturbances was associated with significantly reduced GR expression in the MMSt, a region critical for maintaining the stereotypy of learned vocalizations. MR expression in all regions did not differ with treatment or week of sampling. These findings suggest that local downregulation of GR in vocal learning circuitry, rather than systemic hormonal changes, may mediate stress-induced alterations in vocal behavior. This study provides new insight into the neuroendocrine mechanisms by which exposure to unpredictable disturbances affects cognitive function in vocal learners.

慢性压力会损害对生存至关重要的行为，包括声乐学习等认知特征。虎皮鹦鹉（Melopsittacus undulatus）是一种具有终身发声可塑性的鹦鹉，它为研究压力如何影响发声学习回路提供了一个有价值的模型。先前的研究表明，由不可预测的环境干扰引起的慢性应激降低了圈养虎皮鹦鹉的声音可塑性，但这种变化的分子机制尚不清楚。为了研究对这些干扰的生理和分子反应，我们收集了受到轻度、不可预测干扰的虎皮鹦鹉每周时间点的数据。我们测量了基线和应激诱导的循环皮质酮水平，并使用qPCR评估了糖皮质激素受体（GR）和矿皮质激素受体（MR） mRNA在三个大脑区域的表达：内侧纹状体（MMSt）的大细胞核，一个声音学习核；侧侧苍白纹状体（VSP），邻近的纹状体区域；还有海马体，它与压力调节有关。与预期相反，对照和实验治疗之间以及周间循环皮质酮没有统计学上的显著差异。然而，不可预测的干扰的存在与MMSt中GR表达的显著减少有关，MMSt是维持习得发声刻板印象的关键区域。所有区域的MR表达没有随处理或采样周的不同而不同。这些发现表明，声音学习回路中GR的局部下调，而不是全身激素的变化，可能介导应激引起的声音行为改变。这项研究提供了新的见解，神经内分泌机制暴露于不可预测的干扰影响认知功能的声乐学习者。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to "Roles of estrogens in fish sexual plasticity and sex differentiation" [Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 277 (2019) 9-16]. “雌性激素在鱼类性可塑性和性别分化中的作用”[j].内分泌学报。277(2019):9-16。

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2026.114887

Minghui Li, Lina Sun, Deshou Wang

引用次数: 0

Tachykinin-directed gonadotropin-independent follicular growth: Evolutionary conservation and divergence between mouse and Ciona robusta 促性腺激素非依赖性促性腺激素导向的卵泡生长：小鼠和红桃的进化保护和分化。

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2026.114889

Tsuyoshi Kawada, Honoo Satake

Follicular development proceeds through gonadotropin-independent and gonadotropin-dependent phases in vertebrates, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying the gonadotropin-independent stage remain poorly understood. Recent studies have revealed that tachykinins (TKs), a conserved family of neuropeptides, directly regulate early-stage (gonadotropin-independent) follicular growth in both the ascidian Ciona robusta and mouse Mus musculus. In ascidians, Ciona TK, CiTK, specifically promotes vitellogenic follicle growth via its receptor (CiTKR) expressed in test cells, upregulating cathepsin D and other proteases. In mice, three TKs (Substance P (SP); Neurokinin A (NKA); and Neurokinin B (NKB)) and their receptors are co-expressed in granulosa cells of secondary follicles, where these TKs act in autocrine/paracrine manners to induce follicle development and oocyte growth. This process involves direct activation of cathepsin D and the JAK1-STAT3-COX-2-prostaglandin pathway. These studies verify that the TK-cathepsin D pathway is an evolutionarily conserved gonadotropin-independent system across Olfactores (ascidians and vertebrates), since the hypothalamus-pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis is restricted to vertebrates. Notably, the TK-mediated pathway is active prior to sexual maturity in mice, suggesting that normal early-stage follicle development is essential for reproductive capacity and offspring viability. Collectively, investigation of TK-driven gonadotropin-independent folliculogenesis provides new insights into reproductive and evolutionary biology.

在脊椎动物中，卵泡发育经历了促性腺激素独立和促性腺激素依赖两个阶段，然而，促性腺激素独立阶段的分子机制尚不清楚。最近的研究表明，速激肽（TKs）是一个保守的神经肽家族，直接调节海鞘和小鼠早期（不依赖促性腺激素的）卵泡生长。在海鞘中，Ciona TK， CiTK通过其受体（CiTKR）在测试细胞中表达，上调组织蛋白酶D和其他蛋白酶，特异性地促进卵黄原性卵泡生长。在小鼠中，三种TKs (P物质（SP）；神经激肽A (NKA)；和神经激肽B (Neurokinin B， NKB))及其受体在次级卵泡颗粒细胞中共表达，这些TKs以自分泌/旁分泌方式诱导卵泡发育和卵母细胞生长。这一过程涉及组织蛋白酶D和jak1 - stat3 - cox -2-前列腺素途径的直接激活。由于下丘脑-垂体-性腺（HPG）轴仅局限于脊椎动物，因此这些研究证实tk -组织蛋白酶D途径是一个进化上保守的促性腺激素不依赖于嗅觉因子（海鞘和脊椎动物）的系统。值得注意的是，tk介导的通路在小鼠性成熟之前是活跃的，这表明正常的早期卵泡发育对生殖能力和后代的生存能力至关重要。总的来说，tk驱动的促性腺激素不依赖卵泡发生的研究为生殖和进化生物学提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Multiplex in situ hybridization chain reaction reveals the spatial organization of six pituitary hormone mRNAs in the Japanese eel 多重原位杂交链式反应揭示了6种垂体激素mrna在日本鳗鲡体内的空间组织。

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2026.114899

Taiki Watanabe , Marty Kwok-Shing Wong , Anna Miyahara , Saishu Yoshida , Yousuke Tsuneoka , Takehiro Tsukada

The anterior pituitary gland regulates growth, development, metabolism, reproduction, and stress responses. In this study, we established a two-round multiplex in situ hybridization chain reaction (isHCR) procedure combined with a fluorescence-quenching device to visualize the spatial distribution of six pituitary hormone mRNAs (gh, lhb, fshb, tshb, prl, and pomc) in cultured immature Japanese eels. In pituitary sections, prl and tshb were localized to the rostral pars distalis (RPD), whereas lhb, fshb, and gh were distributed in the proximal pars distalis. Pomc was detected in both the RPD and pars neurointermedia, corresponding to adrenocorticotropic hormone- and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-producing cells, respectively. Owing to efficient tissue penetration of probes and hairpin DNAs, the isHCR protocol was also applicable to whole-mount pituitary preparations, enabling comprehensive three-dimensional visualization of all six hormone mRNAs. Spatial analyses revealed an orderly organization of hormone-producing cells and demonstrated co-expression of lhb and fshb within the same cells, indicating the presence of bihormonal gonadotrophs in teleosts, with regional variation in their expression. To assess quantitative capability, prl signal intensity—given its established role as a freshwater- (FW) adaptation hormone—was compared between FW- and seawater-(SW) acclimated eels. Prl signals were significantly reduced in SW-acclimated eels, consistent with RT-qPCR results, indicating that isHCR can provide semi-quantitative gene expression information. Furthermore, this method enabled subcellular localization of transcripts, including nuclear heteronuclear RNA of lhb containing intronic sequences. This multiplex spatial transcriptomic approach provides a powerful tool for pituitary research and is broadly applicable to non-model organisms in comparative endocrinology.

脑下垂体前叶调节生长、发育、代谢、繁殖和应激反应。在这项研究中，我们建立了两轮多原位杂交链反应（isHCR）程序，结合荧光猝灭装置，以可视化六种垂体激素mrna （gh, lhb, fshb, tshb， prl和pomc）在培养的未成熟日本鳗鱼中的空间分布。在垂体切片中，prl和tshb定位于远侧鼻侧部（RPD），而lhb、fshb和gh分布于远侧近侧部。在RPD和pars神经间质中均检测到Pomc，分别对应于促肾上腺皮质激素和α-刺激黑色素细胞的激素产生细胞。由于探针和发夹dna的有效组织渗透，isHCR方案也适用于全安装垂体制剂，实现所有六种激素mrna的全面三维可视化。空间分析揭示了激素产生细胞的有序组织，并证明了lhb和fshb在同一细胞内共同表达，表明硬骨鱼中存在双激素促性腺激素，但其表达存在区域差异。为了评估定量能力，prl信号强度-鉴于其作为淡水（FW）适应激素的既定作用-在淡水（FW）适应鳗鱼和海水（SW）适应鳗鱼之间进行了比较。Prl信号在sw驯化的鳗鱼中显著降低，与RT-qPCR结果一致，表明isHCR可以提供半定量的基因表达信息。此外，该方法还实现了转录本的亚细胞定位，包括含有内含子序列的lhb的核异核RNA。这种多重空间转录组学方法为垂体研究提供了强有力的工具，并广泛适用于比较内分泌学中的非模式生物。

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引用次数: 0

Endocrine-metabolic effects of kisspeptin in mammals kisspeptin对哺乳动物内分泌代谢的影响

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2026.114888

Felipe Martins Pastor , Bianca Reis Santos , Juneo Freitas Silva , Natália Melo Ocarino , Rogéria Serakides

Kisspeptins (Kp) play crucial roles in regulating reproductive functions. In recent decades, new effects of Kp on other systems, such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal systems, and its possible therapeutic effects on gestational hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and neoplasms have been identified. Additionally, Kp signaling has been investigated in endocrine-metabolic regulation; nonetheless, there are few reviews on this subject. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of Kp on endocrine-metabolic physiology in mammals. Kp modulates the release of hormones from various endocrine organs, including the hypothalamus, pituitary, gonadal, adrenal, and pancreatic glands. The metabolic effects of Kp exhibit significant sexual dimorphism, manifesting as an increase in metabolic activity, a decrease in body weight in females, and an increase in weight gain in males. Further research is necessary to investigate the effects of Kp on a wide variety of systems, which will help in advancing knowledge in this field. Further sex-specific studies are needed to investigate the therapeutic potential of Kp.

kisspeptin （Kp）在调节生殖功能中起关键作用。近几十年来，Kp对其他系统的新作用，如心血管、呼吸和肌肉骨骼系统，以及它对妊娠甲状腺功能减退、糖尿病和肿瘤的可能治疗作用已被确定。此外，Kp信号在内分泌代谢调节中也被研究；然而，关于这个主题的评论很少。本研究旨在全面概述Kp对哺乳动物内分泌代谢生理的影响。Kp调节各种内分泌器官的激素释放，包括下丘脑、垂体、性腺、肾上腺和胰腺。Kp的代谢作用表现出明显的性别二态性，表现为代谢活性增加，雌性体重下降，雄性体重增加。进一步研究Kp对各种系统的影响是必要的，这将有助于推进这一领域的知识。需要进一步的性别特异性研究来调查Kp的治疗潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of melanocortin receptor agonists and antagonists on exploratory activity: a review 黑素皮质素受体激动剂和拮抗剂对探索活性的影响：综述。

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2026.114885

Robert Lalonde , Catherine Strazielle

In view of recent interest in the regenerative powers of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), the effects of melanocortin receptor agonists and antagonists were reviewed in open-field, elevated plus-maze, hole-board, and light-box tests of exploratory activity. In the open-field, low doses of melanocortin receptor agonists increase ambulatory activity and rearing but decrease center zone activity and duration under some conditions. In the elevated plus-maze, MSH receptor agonists generally decrease open arm exploration while MSH receptor antagonists increase open arm exploration, possibly caused by effects in amygdala, medial preoptic area, and ventromedial hypothalamus. Hole-board and light-box test results are preliminary but indicate a similar pattern of an anxiogenic response to melanocortin receptor agonists and an anxiolytic response to antagonists. At low doses, melanocortin receptor agonists are liable to increase general activity, a factor that needs to be taken into account when examining its regenerating action. Melanocortin receptor antagonists decrease anxiety in the elevated plus-maze and thereby may serve a useful function while increasing appetite.

鉴于最近对α-促黑素细胞激素（α-MSH）的再生能力的兴趣，本文综述了黑素皮质素受体激动剂和拮抗剂在开放性、高架+迷宫、孔板和探索活动光箱试验中的作用。在露天田中，低剂量的黑素皮质素受体激动剂增加了走动活性和饲养，但在某些条件下降低了中心区活性和持续时间。在升高的正迷宫中，MSH受体激动剂通常会减少张开臂探查，而MSH受体拮抗剂则会增加张开臂探查，这可能与杏仁核、内侧视前区和下丘脑腹内侧的作用有关。孔板和灯箱试验结果是初步的，但表明对黑素皮质素受体激动剂的焦虑反应和对拮抗剂的焦虑反应的模式相似。在低剂量下，黑素皮质素受体激动剂容易增加一般活性，这是在检查其再生作用时需要考虑的一个因素。黑素皮质素受体拮抗剂减少焦虑在升高的正迷宫，因此可能有一个有用的功能，同时增加食欲。

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引用次数: 0

Toxins in disguise: Neuropeptide mimicry across animal venoms 伪装的毒素：动物毒液中的神经肽模仿。

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2026.114886

Thomas Lund Koch , Helena Safavi-Hemami

Neuropeptides and peptide hormones form a highly diverse class of signaling molecules found across the animal kingdom that regulate key physiological processes, including growth, metabolism, reproduction, and behavior. Many venomous animals have evolved “doppelgänger toxins” that mimic these endogenous peptides, allowing them to manipulate the physiology of their prey or predators. These toxins typically act on the same receptors as the peptides they mimic, most commonly G protein-coupled receptors, but also receptor tyrosine kinases, membrane-bound guanylyl cyclases, and ion channels. Although doppelgänger peptides have been described in other ecological contexts, this review focuses on venom-derived mimics, summarizing their molecular characteristics, evolutionary context, and biological functions. We catalogue examples spanning conserved bilaterian neuropeptides to lineage-specific families and discuss their translational potential in medicine and pest control.

神经肽和肽激素形成了一种高度多样化的信号分子，在动物王国中发现，它们调节着关键的生理过程，包括生长、代谢、繁殖和行为。许多有毒动物已经进化出类似这些内源性肽的“doppelgänger毒素”，使它们能够操纵猎物或捕食者的生理机能。这些毒素通常作用于与它们模拟的肽相同的受体，最常见的是G蛋白偶联受体，但也有酪氨酸激酶受体、膜结合的胍基环化酶和离子通道。虽然doppelgänger多肽已经在其他生态环境中被描述过，但这篇综述的重点是毒液衍生的模拟物，总结了它们的分子特征、进化背景和生物学功能。我们编目的例子跨越保守的双边神经肽谱系特异性家庭和讨论其在医学和害虫防治的转化潜力。

引用次数: 0

Role of gonadal soma-derived growth factor (gsdf) on sex-differentiation in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus 性腺体细胞衍生生长因子（gsdf）在尼罗罗非鱼性别分化中的作用

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2026.114884

Tomomitsu Arai , Sakura Tanaka , Megumi Sakon , He Gao , Shigeho Ijiri

Molecular sex differentiation is regulated by complex transcriptional dynamics. In Nile tilapia, ovarian differentiation requires the synthesis of estradiol-17β (E₂), in which forkhead box L2 (foxl2) and ovarian aromatase (cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1a; cyp19a1a) play critical roles, whereas gonadal soma-derived growth factor (gsdf) and doublesex and mab-3-related transcription factor 1 (dmrt1) are implicated in testicular differentiation. During the early phase of molecular sex differentiation, gsdf mRNA is expressed to a significantly higher degree in the undifferentiated gonads of XY males than in XX females. However, the molecular mechanisms by which gsdf promotes testicular differentiation remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that gsdf acts by suppressing ovarian differentiation or promoting testicular differentiation through the upregulation of dmrt1. To clarify the relationship with dmrt1, we performed fluorescent double in situ hybridization on undifferentiated gonads and testes. Furthermore, recombinant Gsdf (rGsdf) was produced and microinjected into the body cavity of XX larvae to investigate its effects on the expression of sex differentiation-related genes in undifferentiated gonads. We demonstrated that gsdf and dmrt1 were expressed in distinct cell populations in undifferentiated gonads, whereas partial co-localization occurred in certain cells within the testes. Administration of rGsdf led to a significant decrease in the expression of E₂ synthesis–related genes, including foxl2, hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 1 (hsd17b1), and cyp19a1a. These findings suggest that gsdf suppresses E₂ production and that its expression is regulated not only by dmrt1 but also by other factors during the molecular sex differentiation phase in Nile tilapia.

分子性别分化受复杂的转录动力学调控。尼罗罗非鱼卵巢分化需要雌二醇-17β (E2)的合成，其中叉头盒L2 （foxl2）和卵巢芳香化酶（细胞色素P450，家族19，亚家族A，多肽1a； cyp19a1a）起关键作用，而性腺体细胞衍生生长因子（gsdf）和双性和单克隆抗体-3相关转录因子1 （dmrt1）与睾丸分化有关。在分子性别分化早期，gsdf mRNA在XY雄性未分化性腺中的表达程度明显高于XX雌性。然而，gsdf促进睾丸分化的分子机制仍然知之甚少。我们假设gsdf通过上调dmrt1抑制卵巢分化或促进睾丸分化。为了阐明与dmrt1的关系，我们对未分化性腺和睾丸进行了荧光双原位杂交。制备重组Gsdf (rGsdf)，并将其微量注入XX幼虫体腔，研究其对未分化性腺性别分化相关基因表达的影响。我们证明gsdf和dmrt1在未分化性腺的不同细胞群中表达，而部分共定位发生在睾丸内的某些细胞中。rGsdf可显著降低E2合成相关基因的表达，包括foxl2、羟基类固醇17- β脱氢酶1 （hsd17b1）和cyp19a1a。这些发现表明，在尼罗罗非鱼的分子性别分化阶段，gsdf抑制E2的产生，其表达不仅受dmrt1的调控，还受其他因素的调控。

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引用次数: 0

Expression profiles of the sirtuin genes family during ovarian development and hormonal regulation in Pampus argenteus 农奴卵巢发育和激素调节过程中sirtuin基因家族的表达谱。

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2026.114874

Changyuan Wang , Hengwei Zhang , Yi Wang , Kai Zhang , Xinwei Wang , Xubo Wang , Chunyang Guo

Sirtuins (Sirt) are a class of NAD + -dependent type III histone deacetylases that play significant roles in energy metabolism and reproductive regulation. To explore the role of the sirt genes family in the ovarian development of Pampus argenteus and its significance in artificial breeding, this study conducted a systematic investigation using phylogenetic tree analysis and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the sirt gene of the P. argenteus was most closely related to those of Thunnus maccoyii and Thunnus. albacares. Specific expression analysis revealed that the expression levels of sirt1, sirt2, sirt5, sirt6, and sirt7 in the ovary were significantly higher than those in other tissues (P < 0.05). In the analysis of ovarian development during stage I-VI, sirt1, sirt3, and sirt5 reached their peak expression during the pre-maturation stage, while sirt6 had the highest expression in stage VI. The in vitro steroid hormone immature egg culture experiment showed that estradiol significantly inhibited the expression of sirt1, sirt2, sirt4, sirt5, sirt6 genes. Luteinizing hormone inhibited the expression of sirt1, sirt2 and sirt4, but promoted the expression of sirt3 and sirt5. Human chorionic gonadotropin slightly upregulated the expression of sirt1. Intraperitoneal injection of HCG and LH shows differential regulation on the expression of sirt genes in different brain regions, indicating that they were involved in the neuroendocrine regulatory pathway. In conclusion, the sirt genes family, especially sirt1, which showed peak expression during the critical period of early egg growth and before maturation, may promote ovarian maturation by regulating meiotic recovery and energy metabolism pathways. This study provides a theoretical basis for researching the reproductive regulation of P. argenteus and optimizing artificial breeding techniques.

Sirtuins （Sirt）是一类依赖NAD + 的III型组蛋白去乙酰化酶，在能量代谢和生殖调节中发挥重要作用。为探讨srt基因家族在阿根廷Pampus argenteus卵巢发育中的作用及其在人工育种中的意义，本研究采用系统发育树分析和实时荧光定量PCR对阿根廷Pampus argenteus进行了系统调查。系统发育分析表明，银种P. argenteus与黄颡鱼（Thunnus maccoyii）和黄颡鱼（Thunnus）的基因亲缘关系最为密切。albacares。特异性表达分析显示，sirt1、sirt2、sirt5、sirt6和sirt7在卵巢中的表达水平显著高于其他组织(P

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引用次数: 0

Development of a sandwich ELISA for serum leptin measurement in chub mackerel across reproductive stages and feeding and nutritional statuses 用夹心酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测定不同繁殖阶段、饲养和营养状况的鲐鱼血清瘦素。

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2026.114883

Hirofumi Ohga

Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that links nutritional status with endocrine and reproductive functions. However, only a limited number of teleost species allow reliable measurement of circulating leptin. In this study, we aimed to develop a specific and sensitive sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for measuring serum leptin A in chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) using two polyclonal antibodies. Validation assays confirmed high specificity, sensitivity, recovery, linearity, and parallelism, demonstrating the effectiveness of the sandwich ELISA in leptin quantification. Using the system, we analyzed leptin dynamics under several physiological conditions. Although no sex-related difference was observed in the circulating leptin levels, leptin concentrations were significantly higher in mature adults than in immature fish, suggesting its role in signaling the attainment of the threshold body weight required for reproduction. Postprandial analysis revealed a transient increase in circulating leptin at 2 h after feeding, which returned to baseline by 4 h, indicating its involvement in short-term appetite regulation. During long-term fasting, circulating leptin showed a non-significant upward trend, suggesting its possible role in metabolic responses under energy depletion. In conclusion, our study established a reliable assay system and, for the first time, characterized circulating leptin dynamics in chub mackerel. The findings could lay the foundation for future studies on nutritional and reproductive physiology of teleost fish.

瘦素是一种脂肪细胞衍生的激素，它将营养状况与内分泌和生殖功能联系起来。然而，只有有限数量的硬骨鱼物种能够可靠地测量循环瘦素。在这项研究中，我们旨在建立一种特异性和敏感性的夹心酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA），用于测定鲐鱼（Scomber japonicus）血清瘦素a。验证分析证实了高特异性、灵敏度、回收率、线性和平行性，证明了夹心ELISA在瘦素定量中的有效性。利用该系统，我们分析了几种生理条件下瘦素的动态变化。尽管在循环瘦素水平上没有观察到与性别相关的差异，但成年鱼的瘦素浓度明显高于未成熟鱼，这表明它在达到繁殖所需的阈值体重方面发挥着信号作用。餐后分析显示，进食后2 h循环瘦素短暂升高，4 h恢复到基线水平，表明其参与短期食欲调节。在长期禁食期间，循环瘦素呈不显著上升趋势，提示其可能在能量消耗下的代谢反应中起作用。总之，我们的研究建立了一个可靠的分析系统，并首次表征了鲐鱼循环瘦素的动态。研究结果可为今后硬骨鱼的营养和生殖生理研究奠定基础。

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引用次数: 0