General and comparative endocrinology最新文献_第5页

Photoperiod-dependent expression of ‘Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide’ and ‘Neuropeptide Y’ in the brain of anuran Minervarya syhadrensis “可卡因和安非他明调节的转录肽”和“神经肽Y”在阿纳乌尔的大脑中的光周期依赖性表达。

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2025.114820

Ketaki Shetye , Sneha Sagarkar , Swapnil Shewale , Amul Sakharkar , Shobha Bhargava , Richa Ashma

Anurans exhibit diurnal behavioral patterns; however, the expression of neuropeptides that modulate these activities remains unexplored. This study investigates day-night expression patterns of Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Peptide (CARTp) and Neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the brain of nocturnal frog, Minervarya syhadrensis. Frogs were sacrificed at different timepoints (1) under normal day-night conditions (2) after exposure to 24 h darkness and (3) 24 h light. Brain tissues, including the olfactory system, were collected for immunohistochemical analysis. Photoperiod-dependent alterations in expression of CART and NPY were observed in various brain regions. According to cosine analysis, the oscillation was seen only in the olfactory epithelium (OE) with maxima at 11:00. In anteroventral tegmentum (AV), CARTp and NPY expression were highest at midnight. In few brain regions, NPY or CARTp oscillations were observed. NPY oscillations were seen in preoptic area (POA), with a peak at noon, and in suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), anterior ventral hypothalamus (AvHy), and nucleus isthmus (NI) highest expression was at midnight. In Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EW) and posterior ventral hypothalamus (PvHy) CARTp upregulation was observed at midnight. CARTp fluctuated in OE, PvHy, and EW on light exposure, while changes in NPY expression were seen in OE, POA and SCN. Photoperiod-dependent fluctuations in both peptides were noted in OE and AV. While on exposure to darkness, CARTp expression decreased in AV, PvHy, and EW, and NPY expression was affected in AV, POA, SCN, AvHy, and NI. These results suggest neuropeptides in anurans exhibit photoperiod-dependent differential expression, potentially regulating physiological functions and behavioral patterns.

无尾动物表现出每日的行为模式；然而，调节这些活动的神经肽的表达仍未被探索。本研究研究了可卡因和安非他明调节转录肽（CARTp）和神经肽Y （NPY）在夜行蛙脑中的昼夜表达模式。在(1)正常昼夜条件下(2)暴露于24 h黑暗和(3)24 h光照后的不同时间点处死青蛙。收集包括嗅觉系统在内的脑组织进行免疫组织化学分析。在不同脑区观察到CART和NPY表达的光周期依赖性改变。余弦分析显示，振荡仅出现在嗅上皮（OE），在11:00时振荡最大。在腹前被盖（AV）中，CARTp和NPY在午夜表达最高。在少数脑区，观察到NPY或CARTp振荡。NPY在视前区（POA）出现振荡，中午达到峰值，视交叉上核（SCN）、下丘脑前腹侧（AvHy）和峡核（NI）在午夜表达最高。午夜时分，Edinger-Westphal核（EW）和下丘脑后腹侧（PvHy）出现CARTp上调。CARTp在OE、PvHy和EW中随光照变化而波动，而NPY在OE、POA和SCN中表达变化。在OE和AV中发现了这两种肽的光周期依赖性波动。当暴露于黑暗时，AV、PvHy和EW中的CARTp表达减少，AV、POA、SCN、AvHy和NI中的NPY表达受到影响。这些结果表明，神经肽在无尾动物中表现出光周期依赖的差异表达，可能调节生理功能和行为模式。

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引用次数: 0

Corticotropin-releasing hormone enhances the responsivity of macrophages to inflammation in zebrafish 促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素增强斑马鱼巨噬细胞对炎症的反应性。

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2025.114815

Joeri van Heijningen , Laura H.M. van der Pluijm , Marcel J.M. Schaaf , Erin Faught

The immunomodulatory role of steroid stress hormones, such as cortisol, are well characterized; however, less is known about how other stress hormones affect the immune system. Release of central corticotropin-releasing hormone (Crh) will result in an indirect anti-inflammatory effect due to the stimulation of cortisol production. Conversely, peripheral release of Crh is thought to directly exhibit proinflammatory effects on leukocytes. This suggests that the peripheral Crh system promotes inflammation, rather than suppresses it, but the molecular mechanisms are not well defined. To test the hypothesis that Crh will stimulate immune function, we used the zebrafish animal model and assessed leukocyte migration towards a wound as a readout of inflammatory capacity. We show that not only is crhr1 regulated during inflammation, but that it directly modulates the leukocyte population localized to a wound site. In particular, it enhances pro-inflammatory macrophage recruitment through the Cxcr3.2/Cxcr11aa signalling axis. Taken together, this work further contributes to our understanding of how Crh, and stress as a whole, can impact immune system function.

类固醇应激激素（如皮质醇）的免疫调节作用已被很好地描述；然而，人们对其他应激激素如何影响免疫系统知之甚少。中枢促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素（Crh）的释放会由于刺激皮质醇的产生而产生间接的抗炎作用。相反，外周Crh的释放被认为直接表现出对白细胞的促炎作用。这表明外周Crh系统促进炎症，而不是抑制炎症，但分子机制尚不明确。为了验证Crh会刺激免疫功能的假设，我们使用斑马鱼动物模型并评估白细胞向伤口的迁移作为炎症能力的读数。我们发现，crhr1不仅在炎症过程中受到调节，而且还直接调节伤口部位的白细胞群。特别是，它通过Cxcr3.2/Cxcr11aa信号轴增强促炎巨噬细胞募集。综上所述，这项工作进一步有助于我们了解Crh和整体压力如何影响免疫系统功能。

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引用次数: 0

Hair cortisol as an indicator of chronic stress in Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra): Evaluating influencing variations 毛发皮质醇作为欧亚水獭慢性应激的指标（Lutra Lutra）：评估影响变异。

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2025.114816

Jee Hyun Kim , Hyejin Kang , Bong Kyun Kim , Mi-Sook Min , Seung Aee Ma , Je-Yoel Cho

Glucocorticoids such as cortisol are secreted via the HPA axis to maintain homeostasis and respond to stress, but chronic over-activation can impair health and survival. Cortisol accumulation in the hair is particularly useful because it reflects long-term stress, making it a valuable physiological indicator for species conservation and management. However, as variables such as housing conditions, age class, sex, hair color, and disease can affect hair cortisol concentration (HCC), ignoring these variables may lead to inaccuracies in chronic stress evaluation. This study measured HCCs in 33 Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra), an endangered species, to examine whether housing type (wild vs. captive), age, and sex affect HCCs. The results showed that juveniles had significantly higher HCCs than adults, suggesting that age may be a factor influencing HCC. However, no significant differences in HCC were found with respect to sex or housing type. Additionally, two of the individuals with exceptionally high HCC were confirmed to have been affected by disease. We propose that standardizing age class in HCC analysis is necessary, and that other important factors potentially influencing HCC variability should also be considered. In particular, disease has been suggested as a possible factor affecting HCC, and such factors may have an even greater impact on HCC variability. Although no significant differences were found regarding housing type and sex, these factors may be more clearly identified through future studies involving a broader range of housing environments and a larger sample size. However, despite the potential of HCC as a promising indicator of long-term stress, a limitation of this study is that its physiological validity has not yet been sufficiently verified in Eurasian otters. Therefore, the results of this study should be interpreted with caution. Nevertheless, by analyzing key factors influencing HCC, this study provides important foundational data for understanding the effects of housing type, sex, and age on long-term stress assessment.

糖皮质激素（如皮质醇）通过下丘脑轴分泌，以维持体内平衡并对压力作出反应，但慢性过度激活会损害健康和生存。毛发中的皮质醇积累特别有用，因为它反映了长期的压力，使其成为物种保护和管理的有价值的生理指标。然而，由于住房条件、年龄、性别、发色和疾病等变量会影响毛发皮质醇浓度（HCC），忽略这些变量可能导致慢性压力评估不准确。本研究测量了33只欧亚水獭（Lutra Lutra）（一种濒危物种）的hcc，以检查住房类型（野生与圈养）、年龄和性别是否影响hcc。结果显示，青少年HCC明显高于成人，提示年龄可能是影响HCC的一个因素。然而，HCC在性别或住房类型方面没有显著差异。此外，两名HCC异常高的个体被证实受到疾病的影响。我们建议在HCC分析中标准化年龄分类是必要的，并且还应考虑其他可能影响HCC变异性的重要因素。特别是，疾病被认为是影响HCC的一个可能因素，而这些因素可能对HCC变异性有更大的影响。虽然在住房类型和性别方面没有发现显著的差异，但这些因素可以通过涉及更广泛的住房环境和更大样本量的未来研究更清楚地确定。然而，尽管HCC有可能作为长期应激的一个有希望的指标，但本研究的一个局限性是其生理有效性尚未在欧亚水獭中得到充分验证。因此，本研究结果应谨慎解读。然而，通过分析影响HCC的关键因素，本研究为了解住房类型、性别和年龄对长期应激评估的影响提供了重要的基础数据。

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引用次数: 0

Putative genes coding for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide and immunohistochemical localization of their mature peptides in the brain-pituitary axis of the inshore hagfish Eptatretus burgeri 伯氏盲鳗脑-垂体轴垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽的推定基因编码及其成熟肽的免疫组织化学定位。

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2025.114817

Masafumi Amano , Shima Furuya , Naoyuki Yamamoto , Yoko Yamaguchi , Toshio Sekiguchi , Tomohiro Osugi

Hagfish and lampreys, which are both members of the class Agnatha, are widely considered to represent one of the most basal evolutionary lineages of vertebrates. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) are both members of the secretin/PACAP family. We searched the Ensembl database for putative PACAP and GHRH sequences in the inshore hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri. We identified three putative GHRH/PACAP precursors (hagfish-1/2/3) whose expression in various tissues, including the brain, was confirmed using RNA sequencing. The hagfish-1 precursor encodes both GHRH/PRP (PACAP-related peptide) and PACAP, whereas the hagfish-2 and −3 precursors encod only PACAP. Of the three putative hagfish PACAPs, PACAP-2, encoded by hagfish-2, showed relatively high identity (77.8%) and similarity (85.2%) with PACAP from other species. In contrast, hagfish GHRH/PRP encoded by hagfish-1 showed low identity (27.3%) and similarity (50.3%) with other GHRHs, and low identity (26.7%) and similarity (46.7%) with other PRPs. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the hagfish-2 sequence clustered within the same clade as lamprey PACAP. PACAP-like-immunoreactive (ir) cell bodies and dense punctate fibers have been detected in several brain regions, including the preoptic area, infundibular nucleus of the hypothalamus, midbrain tegmentum, and medulla oblongata. In the pituitary gland, PACAP-like-ir fibers were observed in the dorsal wall of the neurohypophysis. GHRH/PRP immunoreactivity was also observed in the medulla oblongata. The present study demonstrated that PACAP-like- and GHRH/PRP-like peptides are expressed in the brain of the inshore hagfish E. burgeri.

盲鳗和七鳃鳗都是阿格纳塔纲的成员，被广泛认为是脊椎动物最基础的进化谱系之一。垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽（PACAP）和生长激素释放激素（GHRH）都是分泌素/PACAP家族的成员。我们在Ensembl数据库中搜索了近岸盲鳗（Eptatretus burgeri）的推定PACAP和GHRH序列。我们确定了三种推定的GHRH/PACAP前体（hagfish-1/2/3），它们在包括大脑在内的各种组织中表达，并通过RNA测序得到证实。hagfish-1前体编码GHRH/PRP （PACAP相关肽）和PACAP，而hagfish-2和-3前体仅编码PACAP。在三种可能的盲鳗PACAP中，由盲鳗2编码的PACAP-2与其他物种的PACAP具有较高的同源性（77.8%）和相似性（85.2%）。相比之下，hagfish-1编码的盲鳗GHRH/PRP与其他GHRHs的同源性（27.3%）和相似性（50.3%）较低，与其他PRPs的同源性（26.7%）和相似性（46.7%）较低。系统发育分析证实，hagfish-2序列与七鳃鳗PACAP属于同一进化支。pacap样免疫反应（ir）细胞体和密集的点状纤维在几个脑区被检测到，包括视前区、下丘脑基底核、中脑被盖和延髓。脑垂体神经垂体背壁可见PACAP-like-ir纤维。在延髓中也观察到GHRH/PRP免疫反应性。本研究证实了在伯氏盲鳗的大脑中有pacap样肽和GHRH/ prp样肽的表达。

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引用次数: 0

Ad4bp/sf-1 regulates cyp11b1 and cyp17a1 in the Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus Ad4bp/sf-1调节亚洲鲶鱼（Clarias batrachus）的cyp11b1和cyp17a1。

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2025.114818

Sonika Kar, Balasubramanian Senthilkumaran

Testicular function in fish is mediated by steroids, with cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial, or 11β-hydroxylase, encoded by cyp11b1, and cytochrome P450 17A1, or 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase, encoded by cyp17a1, being key steroidogenic enzymes. However, the regulation of cyp11b1 and cyp17a1 has not yet been studied in fish. To address this, the 5′ upstream regions of cyp11b1 and cyp17a1 from catfish, Clarias batrachus, were cloned and sequenced. Predicted putative transcription factor binding sites included Ad4bp/sf-1, Foxp1, Pax1, Pax2, Gata1, and Oct1 in both promoter fragments. Luciferase reporter assays in TM3 mouse Leydig cells, with and without human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) induction, showed significant promoter activity in constructs containing ad4bp/sf-1 and foxp1, but not with the other transcription factors. Site-directed mutagenesis and chromatin immunoprecipitation further confirmed the binding of Ad4bp/sf-1 to the promoters of both cyp11b1 and cyp17a1, while Foxp1 binding was observed only in the cyp11b1 promoter. Immunolocalization of Ad4bp/sf-1 revealed its presence in interstitial/Leydig cells and also in the testicular lumen. The expression of ad4bp/sf-1 increased after hCG induction in vivo and following 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT)/methyl testosterone stimulation in vitro, indicating gonadotropin- and androgen-dependent regulation. Additionally, transient gene silencing of ad4bp/sf1 using small interfering RNA (siRNA) decreased the expression of cyp11b1, cyp17a1, and foxp1, suggesting co-regulation. Finally, decreased serum testosterone and 11-KT levels upon ad4bp/sf-1 siRNA silencing further support its role in regulating male steroidogenesis in males.

鱼类睾丸功能是由类固醇介导的，cyp11b1编码的细胞色素P450 11B1，线粒体酶，或11β-羟化酶，和cyp17a1编码的细胞色素P450 17A1，或17α-羟化酶/17,20-裂解酶，是关键的类固醇生成酶。然而，cyp11b1和cyp17a1的调控尚未在鱼类中进行研究。为了解决这个问题，我们克隆了鲶鱼Clarias batrachus的cyp11b1和cyp17a1的5'上游区域并对其进行了测序。预测的转录因子结合位点包括两个启动子片段中的Ad4bp/sf-1、Foxp1、Pax1、Pax2、Gata1和Oct1。在TM3小鼠间质细胞中，无论是否诱导人绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG），荧光素酶报告基因检测显示，在含有ad4bp/sf-1和foxp1的构建体中，启动子活性显著，而在其他转录因子中，启动子活性不显著。位点定向突变和染色质免疫沉淀进一步证实了Ad4bp/sf-1与cyp11b1和cyp17a1启动子的结合，而Foxp1仅与cyp11b1启动子结合。Ad4bp/sf-1的免疫定位显示其存在于间质/间质细胞和睾丸管腔中。体内hCG诱导和体外11-酮睾酮(11-KT)/甲基睾酮刺激后ad4bp/sf-1的表达增加，表明促性腺激素和雄激素依赖性调节。此外，使用小干扰RNA （small interfering RNA, siRNA）对ad4bp/sf1进行短暂的基因沉默，可以降低cyp11b1、cyp17a1和foxp1的表达，表明这是共同调控的。最后，ad4bp/sf-1 siRNA沉默后血清睾酮和11-KT水平下降，进一步支持其在调节男性类固醇生成中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Genotype for hypocretin receptor (hcrtr2) affects appetite in zebrafish 下丘脑分泌素受体（hcrtr2）基因型影响斑马鱼的食欲。

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2025.114808

Nathan Lewandowski, Miranda Brainard, Chelsea Kalb, Ashley Wong, Qin Liu, Richard Londraville

We investigated the role of hypocretin receptor in signaling appetite in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Hypocretin is a small neuropeptide known for its effects on circadian rhythm and appetite. Wild-type and heterozygous hu2098 (knockout for hcrtr2) zebrafish were raised to adulthood (3–4 months post fertilization) and genotyped. Feeding rate was measured directly using a novel technique that analyzed images of fish feeding continuously on brine shrimp, in which all individual brine shrimp were identified in a tank with a feeding fish. Fish were food restricted for 19–29 h before a feeding session, and feeding rate was determined by the regression of brine shrimp consumed/min over an eight-minute feeding period. Utilizing a mixed-effects ANCOVA model and accounting for mass as a covariate, heterozygous fish (

{h c r t r 2}^{+} / {h c r t r 2}^{-}

) ate brine shrimp at a significantly faster rate (mean 23.4 ± 12.6 shrimp/min, n = 12) than wildtype fish (

{h c r t r 2}^{+} / {h c r t r 2}^{+}

) (20.5 ± 13.8 shrimp/min, p = 0.033, n = 11). These results support a role for hcrtr2 in appetite regulation.

我们研究了下丘脑分泌素受体在斑马鱼（Danio rerio）食欲信号中的作用。下丘脑泌素是一种小的神经肽，以其对昼夜节律和食欲的影响而闻名。将野生型和杂合型hu2098（敲除hcrtr2）斑马鱼饲养至成年（受精后3-4 个月）并进行基因分型。采用一种新技术直接测量摄食率，该技术分析了鱼类连续摄食卤虾的图像，其中所有个体的卤虾被识别在一个有喂食鱼的水箱中。鱼在饲喂前限制进食19-29 h，摄食率由8分钟的摄食周期内消耗的卤虾/分钟的回归来确定。利用mixed-effects ANCOVA模型和会计质量作为协变量,杂合的鱼(hcrtr2 + / hcrtr2)以更快的速度吃盐水虾(平均23.4 ±12.6 虾/分钟,n = 12)比野生型的鱼(hcrtr2 + / hcrtr2 +)(20.5 ±13.8 虾/分钟,p = 0.033 n = 11)。这些结果支持hcrtr2在食欲调节中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

The role of the Steroidogenesis-Associated gene cyp11a in regulating gonadal development in Hyriopsis cumingii. 甾体激素生成相关基因cyp11a在三角帆蚌性腺发育调控中的作用。

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2025.114789

Liusiqiao Tang, Zongyu Liu, Mulian Cao, Yingrui Mao, Guiling Wang

The Cyp11a gene is essential for steroid hormone synthesis, which is closely associated with gonadal development. To explore the role of Cyp11a in the gonadal development of Hyriopsis cumingii, we cloned the 2951 bp H. cumingii Cyp11a gene (Hccyp11a), which includes a 2376 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 791 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that HcCYP11A is closely related to other molluskan homologs. Tissue distribution analysis showed that Hccyp11a was predominantly expressed in the gonad, with significantly higher expression in the ovary compared to the testis (p < 0.01). In juveniles, Hccyp11a expression peaked at 5 months of age. In the gonads of 12-, 24-, and 36-month-old individuals, Hccyp11a consistently exhibited higher expression in females. During ovarian development, Hccyp11a expression was highest at the ovulation stage. In situ hybridization localized Hccyp11a mRNA to the follicular wall and oocytes. RNA interference of female Hccyp11a significantly reduced the expression of Hsd3b and Srd5a1 genes, estradiol (E2) and methyltestosterone (MT) levels. Female H. cumingii were exposed to low (40 ng/L) and high (200 ng/L) concentrations of 17α-methyltestosterone (17α-MT) and 17β-estradiol (17β-E2) for 24 d. Low concentrations of 17α-MT and high concentrations of both 17α-MT and 17β-E2 significantly increased (p < 0.05) Hccyp11a expression. These findings suggest that Hccyp11a is involved in sex hormone synthesis and may regulate gonadal development in H. cumingii through its effects on steroidogenic gene expression and hormone levels.

Cyp11a基因对类固醇激素的合成至关重要，与性腺发育密切相关。为了探索Cyp11a在三角帆蚌性腺发育中的作用，我们克隆了2951 bp的三角帆蚌Cyp11a基因（Hccyp11a），其中包括一个2376 bp的开放阅读框（ORF），编码791个氨基酸。系统发育分析表明，HcCYP11A与其他软体动物同源物密切相关。组织分布分析显示，Hccyp11a主要在性腺中表达，在卵巢中的表达明显高于睾丸(p

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引用次数: 0

Chlorpyrifos and neuroendocrine function: Concerns for research with free-living mammal populations 毒死蜱与神经内分泌功能：对自由生活哺乳动物种群研究的关注。

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2025.114807

Kelly M. Mitzel, Angela R. Freeman

Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate pesticide widely used in many countries to control insect pests. This pesticide causes neurotoxic effects in target species through cholinergic toxicity, but also has several secondary effects on neural substrates. Chlorpyrifos can modulate several neurotransmitters, including the nonapeptides oxytocin and vasopressin which are well-known for their modulation of social behavior and reproduction. Scientists have championed the need for the use of non-traditional models to understand the underpinnings of these nonapeptides in the evolution of social behavior. However, exposure to pesticides like chlorpyrifos can alter the organization of vasopressin and oxytocin circuits during neurodevelopment, which then leads to changes in adult behavior. In this review, we explore the research that connects chlorpyrifos and the nonapeptides, emphasizing the potential impacts of this pesticide on behavioral neuroendocrinology using these non-traditional models.

毒死蜱是一种有机磷农药，在许多国家广泛用于防治害虫。该农药通过胆碱能毒性作用对目标物种产生神经毒性作用，但对神经基质也有几种继发性作用。毒死蜱可以调节几种神经递质，包括以调节社会行为和繁殖而闻名的非肽类催产素和加压素。科学家们支持使用非传统模型来理解这些非肽在社会行为进化中的基础。然而，在神经发育过程中，接触毒死蜱等杀虫剂会改变抗利尿激素和催产素回路的组织，从而导致成人行为的改变。本文综述了毒死蜱与非肽类农药之间的联系，并利用这些非传统的模型，重点介绍了毒死蜱对行为神经内分泌学的潜在影响。

引用次数: 0

No Breakfast? physiological effects of morning food deprivation in spotted munia (Lonchura punctulata) 没有吃早餐吗?缺食对斑文虫生理的影响

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2025.114806

Vibha Yadav, Jyoti Tiwari, Shalie Malik, Aakansha Sharma

Food is essential for an organism to meet its daily energy requirements. For this reason, animals show a highly motivated behaviour towards the acquisition of food. Food availability, however, is fairly irregular in nature as it is influenced by a number of environmental and ecological factors. Hence, food availability is a key factor in shaping the life history of an organism. In the present study, we tested the effects of timed food restriction on behaviour, physiology and hormone levels in Spotted Munia (Lonchura punctulata) subjected to a food availability for only four hours in the evening (Food restriction- FR). We also measured the indicators of stress to assess how birds responded to the restricted feeding schedule. The birds showed a significant change in their daily activity rest pattern where FR birds showed minimum movement during the time window when food was made available to them. Further, after two weeks, we found a lower body weight, plasma T3 and cort levels in FR birds, as compared to ad libitum controls. While the Heterophil/Lymphocyte ratio was higher, we observed a lower spleen weight and size in FR birds. These findings suggest that a predictable food scarcity led to behavioural and physiological adjustments in munia(s) reflective of an adaptive energy reallocation during food restriction.

食物是生物体满足其日常能量需求所必需的。因此，动物对获取食物表现出高度的动机行为。然而，粮食供应在本质上是相当不规律的，因为它受到许多环境和生态因素的影响。因此，食物的可获得性是塑造生物体生命史的关键因素。在本研究中，我们测试了定时食物限制对斑点文鸟（Lonchura punctulata）行为、生理和激素水平的影响，这些文鸟在晚上只有4小时的食物供应（食物限制- FR）。我们还测量了压力指标，以评估鸟类对限制进食计划的反应。这些鸟在日常活动休息模式上表现出显著的变化，在食物提供给它们的时间窗口中，FR鸟表现出最小的运动。此外，两周后，我们发现FR鸟的体重、血浆T3和皮质激素水平较低，与随意对照相比。虽然异嗜淋巴细胞/淋巴细胞比例较高，但我们观察到FR鸟的脾脏重量和大小较低。这些发现表明，可预测的食物短缺导致了文鸟的行为和生理调整，反映了食物限制期间适应性能量重新分配。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic ablation of Pth4 disrupts calcium-phosphate balance, bone development, and kidney transcriptome in teleosts 基因消融Pth4破坏硬骨鱼钙-磷酸盐平衡、骨骼发育和肾脏转录组

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

General and comparative endocrinology

Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2025.114805

Luis Méndez-Martínez , Paula Suarez-Bregua , Laura Guerrero-Peña , Elisa Barreiro-Docío , Carolina Costas-Prado , Antonio Cobelo-García , Josep Rotllant

Parathyroid hormone 4 (Pth4) is an evolutionarily conserved member of the PTH family, expressed in hypothalamic neurons and lost in eutherian mammals. In order to elucidate its role in mineral homeostasis and skeletal development, a pth4 knockout (pth4^KO) zebrafish line was generated using CRISPR/Cas9 and transcriptomic profiling was conducted across six key tissues: brain, kidney, intestine, gills, scales, and bone. The results obtained demonstrated that the loss of Pth4 led to pronounced disturbances in calcium and phosphate homeostasis, skeletal deformities, and widespread tissue-specific transcriptional alterations. Notably, dysregulation of mineral regulatory genes—such as fgf23, phex, and slc34a1a was particularly evident in the kidney, suggesting disruption of the FGF23-Klotho axis. In parallel, differential expression of extracellular matrix genes (col1a1a, col10a1a, col11a1) and matrix remodeling enzymes (mmp9, mmp13a, mmp2) in bone and scales indicated impaired skeletal remodeling. Together, these findings highlight a pivotal role for Pth4 in the endocrine and local regulation of mineral metabolism and skeletal integrity, expanding our understanding of PTH family functions in vertebrate physiology.

甲状旁腺激素4 （Pth4）是PTH家族中进化上保守的成员，在下丘脑神经元中表达，在哺乳动物中缺失。为了阐明其在矿物质稳态和骨骼发育中的作用，使用CRISPR/Cas9生成了pth4敲除（pth4KO）斑马鱼系，并在6个关键组织（脑、肾、肠、鳃、鳞片和骨骼）中进行了转录组学分析。获得的结果表明，Pth4的缺失导致钙和磷酸盐稳态的明显紊乱，骨骼畸形和广泛的组织特异性转录改变。值得注意的是，矿物质调节基因（如fgf23、phex和slc34a1a）的失调在肾脏中尤为明显，这表明fgf23 - klotho轴受到破坏。与此同时，骨和鳞片细胞外基质基因（col1a1a、col10a1a、col11a1）和基质重塑酶（mmp9、mmp13a、mmp2）的差异表达表明骨骼重塑受损。总之，这些发现突出了Pth4在内分泌和矿物质代谢和骨骼完整性的局部调节中的关键作用，扩大了我们对PTH家族在脊椎动物生理学中的功能的理解。

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