Pub Date : 2014-04-17DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798968
L. Berghella, A. Depari, P. Ferrari, A. Flammini, S. Rinaldi, E. Sisinni, A. Vezzoli
Advantages of smart metering are well known: more control of resource usage, accurate bills and better budgeting. For this reason roll out plans have been created not only for electricity, but also for gas distribution. In such a scenario, some additional difficulties arise due to the need of a wireless and autonomous functioning of meters. In particular, measurement techniques and communication protocols must take into account limited power source availability. In this work the need of a low power handheld device for maintenance (and monitoring) in the context of gas smart metering is addressed. The proposed architecture exploits smart devices (e.g. smartphones or tablets) as user-friendly terminals. Low power consumption is ensured using inductive coupling for data transmissions. A proof-of-concept prototype has been realized confirming the effectiveness of the proposed solution. In particular the consumption of the interface does not affect the overall system lifetime.
{"title":"Low-power wireless interface for handheld smart metering devices","authors":"L. Berghella, A. Depari, P. Ferrari, A. Flammini, S. Rinaldi, E. Sisinni, A. Vezzoli","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798968","url":null,"abstract":"Advantages of smart metering are well known: more control of resource usage, accurate bills and better budgeting. For this reason roll out plans have been created not only for electricity, but also for gas distribution. In such a scenario, some additional difficulties arise due to the need of a wireless and autonomous functioning of meters. In particular, measurement techniques and communication protocols must take into account limited power source availability. In this work the need of a low power handheld device for maintenance (and monitoring) in the context of gas smart metering is addressed. The proposed architecture exploits smart devices (e.g. smartphones or tablets) as user-friendly terminals. Low power consumption is ensured using inductive coupling for data transmissions. A proof-of-concept prototype has been realized confirming the effectiveness of the proposed solution. In particular the consumption of the interface does not affect the overall system lifetime.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114290907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-17DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798909
I. Woodhead, J. Christie, K. Irie, R. Fenton
The water content of baked products such as bread, cake and biscuits, affect the texture, colour, keeping qualities and consumer acceptance. Currently, moisture content is controlled by ensuring a uniform set of ingredients, mixing and baking, but inevitably variation arises from, for example, variation in ingredient characteristics, position within ovens and ambient temperature and relative humidity. A water content sensor that can measure on-line moisture after baking and adjust oven temperature distribution or just the mean oven temperature, will lead to more consistent products. This paper outlines requirements of a sensor for on-line measurement of moisture content, describes a sensor concept that meets these requirements, and then presents the results from experimental work that determined typical permittivity values of bread, one of the target baked products.
{"title":"A water content sensor for baked products","authors":"I. Woodhead, J. Christie, K. Irie, R. Fenton","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798909","url":null,"abstract":"The water content of baked products such as bread, cake and biscuits, affect the texture, colour, keeping qualities and consumer acceptance. Currently, moisture content is controlled by ensuring a uniform set of ingredients, mixing and baking, but inevitably variation arises from, for example, variation in ingredient characteristics, position within ovens and ambient temperature and relative humidity. A water content sensor that can measure on-line moisture after baking and adjust oven temperature distribution or just the mean oven temperature, will lead to more consistent products. This paper outlines requirements of a sensor for on-line measurement of moisture content, describes a sensor concept that meets these requirements, and then presents the results from experimental work that determined typical permittivity values of bread, one of the target baked products.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"01 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130670776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-17DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798955
Moritz Schwing, Z. Chen, A. Scheuermann, N. Wagner
A high-frequency electromagnetic measurement technique is employed to investigate dielectric properties of a fine-grained soil. As a case study, a standardized compacted fine-grained soil was investigated using a coaxial transmission line cell in combination with vector network analyzer technique in a frequency range from 1 MHz to 3 GHz. The measurement results indicate that this type of sensor enables the broadband determination of soil dielectric spectra, i.e. the frequency dependent relative effective complex permittivity. Hence, with the introduced coaxial transmission line setup the dielectric relaxation behavior of the investigated soil can reliably characterize defined structural states. Moreover, it was found that dielectric material parameters at high frequencies are mainly related to the volume fractions of the soil phases, i.e. water content whereas at low frequencies to soil structure and density due to interface processes.
{"title":"Non-destructive coaxial transmission line measurements for dielectric soil characterization","authors":"Moritz Schwing, Z. Chen, A. Scheuermann, N. Wagner","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798955","url":null,"abstract":"A high-frequency electromagnetic measurement technique is employed to investigate dielectric properties of a fine-grained soil. As a case study, a standardized compacted fine-grained soil was investigated using a coaxial transmission line cell in combination with vector network analyzer technique in a frequency range from 1 MHz to 3 GHz. The measurement results indicate that this type of sensor enables the broadband determination of soil dielectric spectra, i.e. the frequency dependent relative effective complex permittivity. Hence, with the introduced coaxial transmission line setup the dielectric relaxation behavior of the investigated soil can reliably characterize defined structural states. Moreover, it was found that dielectric material parameters at high frequencies are mainly related to the volume fractions of the soil phases, i.e. water content whereas at low frequencies to soil structure and density due to interface processes.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128834708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-17DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798941
Ran Chen, Wei-ting Liu, Xin Fu, P. Dario
This paper reports a hydrogen gas sensor based on palladium-decorated polyurethane nanofibers which can be easily fabricated through electrospinning, sputtering, gap generating and adjusting. Extremely narrow gaps between palladium nanostructures with width about 12nm are obtained through stretching aided hydrogen gas exposure and adjusted through further stretching which modulates measurement range and sensitivity of the sensor. This sensor performs a good and fast response (with response time less than 5s and recovery time less than 10s) to hydrogen gas of low concentrations with a good sensitivity and linearity in narrow range (with max sensitivity about 0.32% per ppm in relative resistance change and span less than 100ppm) and a fairly low limit-of-detection (which can be below 50ppm). Therefore, the sensor is suitable for hydrogen gas leak detection.
{"title":"An easy-fabricated hydrogen gas sensor based on palladium-decorated polyurethane nanofibers","authors":"Ran Chen, Wei-ting Liu, Xin Fu, P. Dario","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798941","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports a hydrogen gas sensor based on palladium-decorated polyurethane nanofibers which can be easily fabricated through electrospinning, sputtering, gap generating and adjusting. Extremely narrow gaps between palladium nanostructures with width about 12nm are obtained through stretching aided hydrogen gas exposure and adjusted through further stretching which modulates measurement range and sensitivity of the sensor. This sensor performs a good and fast response (with response time less than 5s and recovery time less than 10s) to hydrogen gas of low concentrations with a good sensitivity and linearity in narrow range (with max sensitivity about 0.32% per ppm in relative resistance change and span less than 100ppm) and a fairly low limit-of-detection (which can be below 50ppm). Therefore, the sensor is suitable for hydrogen gas leak detection.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134025518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-17DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798954
N. Wagner, F. Daschner, A. Scheuermann, Moritz Schwing
The frequency dependence of dielectric material properties of water saturated and unsaturated porous materials such as soil is not only disturbing in applications with high frequency electromagnetic (HF-EM) techniques but also contains valuable information of the material due to strong contributions by interactions between the aqueous pore solution and mineral phases. Hence, broadband HF-EM sensor techniques enable the estimation of soil physico-chemical parameters such as water content, texture, mineralogy, cation exchange capacity and matric potential. In this context, a multivariate (MV) approach was applied to estimate the Soil Water Characteristic Curve (SWCC) from experimentally determined dielectric relaxation spectra of a silty clay soil. The results of the MV-approach were compared with results obtained from empirical equations and theoretical models as well as a novel hydraulic/electromagnetic coupling approach. The applied MV-approach gives evidence, (i) of a physical relationship between soil dielectric relaxation behavior and soil water characteristics as an important hydraulic material property and (ii) the applicability of appropriate sensor techniques for the estimation of physico-chemical parameters of porous media from broadband measured dielectric spectra.
{"title":"Estimation of the Soil Water Characteristics from dielectric relaxation spectra","authors":"N. Wagner, F. Daschner, A. Scheuermann, Moritz Schwing","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798954","url":null,"abstract":"The frequency dependence of dielectric material properties of water saturated and unsaturated porous materials such as soil is not only disturbing in applications with high frequency electromagnetic (HF-EM) techniques but also contains valuable information of the material due to strong contributions by interactions between the aqueous pore solution and mineral phases. Hence, broadband HF-EM sensor techniques enable the estimation of soil physico-chemical parameters such as water content, texture, mineralogy, cation exchange capacity and matric potential. In this context, a multivariate (MV) approach was applied to estimate the Soil Water Characteristic Curve (SWCC) from experimentally determined dielectric relaxation spectra of a silty clay soil. The results of the MV-approach were compared with results obtained from empirical equations and theoretical models as well as a novel hydraulic/electromagnetic coupling approach. The applied MV-approach gives evidence, (i) of a physical relationship between soil dielectric relaxation behavior and soil water characteristics as an important hydraulic material property and (ii) the applicability of appropriate sensor techniques for the estimation of physico-chemical parameters of porous media from broadband measured dielectric spectra.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"12 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131437869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-17DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798916
René Bergelt, M. Vodel, W. Hardt
The development of wireless sensor networks has reached a point where each individual node of a network may store and deliver a massive amount of (sensor-based) information at once or over time. In the future, massively connected, highly dynamic wireless sensor networks such as vehicle-2-vehicle communication scenarios may hold an even greater information potential. This is mostly due to the increase in node complexity. Consequently, data volumes will become a problem for traditional data aggregation strategies traffic-wise as well as with regard to energy efficiency. Therefore, in this paper we suggest to call such scenarios big data scenarios as they pose similar questions and problems as traditional big data scenarios. Although the latter focus mostly on business intelligence problems. We then propose an aggregation strategy tied to technological prerequisites which enables the efficient use of energy and the handling of large data volumes. Furthermore, we demonstrate the energy conservation potential based on experiments with actual sensor platforms.
{"title":"Energy efficient handling of big data in embedded, wireless sensor networks","authors":"René Bergelt, M. Vodel, W. Hardt","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798916","url":null,"abstract":"The development of wireless sensor networks has reached a point where each individual node of a network may store and deliver a massive amount of (sensor-based) information at once or over time. In the future, massively connected, highly dynamic wireless sensor networks such as vehicle-2-vehicle communication scenarios may hold an even greater information potential. This is mostly due to the increase in node complexity. Consequently, data volumes will become a problem for traditional data aggregation strategies traffic-wise as well as with regard to energy efficiency. Therefore, in this paper we suggest to call such scenarios big data scenarios as they pose similar questions and problems as traditional big data scenarios. Although the latter focus mostly on business intelligence problems. We then propose an aggregation strategy tied to technological prerequisites which enables the efficient use of energy and the handling of large data volumes. Furthermore, we demonstrate the energy conservation potential based on experiments with actual sensor platforms.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131326840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-17DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798928
N. Khanh, T. Iizuka, Akihiko Sasaki, M. Yamada, O. Morita, K. Asada
This paper presents a high-resolution magnetic measurement for detecting vulnerable and suspicious areas on cryptography LSI chips. A CMOS 3-stage low-noise amplifier is integrated with a 500-μm×100-μm magnetic pick-up coil to amplify the induced voltage of the coil. Moreover, the Si-substrate area underneath the coil is removed by applying a Focused-Ion-Beam technique to enhance the coil's performance. High resolution magnetic scanning measurements in a shielded box are performed on both a micro-strip line and a cryptography LSI. By making a comparison with a commercial probe, this measurement holds the advantage that higher-resolution magnetic maps in multiple frequency bands and more revealed information can be achieved.
{"title":"High-resolution measurement of magnetic field generated from cryptographic LSIs","authors":"N. Khanh, T. Iizuka, Akihiko Sasaki, M. Yamada, O. Morita, K. Asada","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798928","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a high-resolution magnetic measurement for detecting vulnerable and suspicious areas on cryptography LSI chips. A CMOS 3-stage low-noise amplifier is integrated with a 500-μm×100-μm magnetic pick-up coil to amplify the induced voltage of the coil. Moreover, the Si-substrate area underneath the coil is removed by applying a Focused-Ion-Beam technique to enhance the coil's performance. High resolution magnetic scanning measurements in a shielded box are performed on both a micro-strip line and a cryptography LSI. By making a comparison with a commercial probe, this measurement holds the advantage that higher-resolution magnetic maps in multiple frequency bands and more revealed information can be achieved.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123570025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-17DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798917
Stephan Blokzyl, M. Vodel, W. Hardt
Systems for aerial vehicles have to face tight constraints on weight, space, and energy consumption due to limited payload and energy resources of aircrafts. This leads to the use of optimised, application-specific components. In exploration and surveillance scenarios, electro-optical (EO) sensors in combination with embedded systems are very suitable to contribute to various perception tasks. EO sensors are lightweight, affordable and provide a high-quality representation of vehicle's environment. Embedded systems are energy-efficient, space-saving and provide powerful computing capabilities. But processing of high-resolution images is challenging, especially in the context of embedded computing and real-time data exploitation. Considering these conditions, the article introduces a novel FPGA-based approach for runway boundary recognition. The source image is scanned line-by-line to identify colour variations. Locations with strong colour discontinuity are grouped to lines which are used for runway pattern extraction in image. The classifier-less approach is independent from runway colour, brightness and contrast and doesn't require additional markers. The final detection is evaluated by a confidence value indicating its trustiness. The determinability of the worst case execution time and the robustness over a wide dynamic range demonstrate the certifiability of the implementation. It will be tested on an unmanned aerial vehicle for automated landing.
{"title":"FPGA-based approach for runway boundary detection in high-resolution colour images","authors":"Stephan Blokzyl, M. Vodel, W. Hardt","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798917","url":null,"abstract":"Systems for aerial vehicles have to face tight constraints on weight, space, and energy consumption due to limited payload and energy resources of aircrafts. This leads to the use of optimised, application-specific components. In exploration and surveillance scenarios, electro-optical (EO) sensors in combination with embedded systems are very suitable to contribute to various perception tasks. EO sensors are lightweight, affordable and provide a high-quality representation of vehicle's environment. Embedded systems are energy-efficient, space-saving and provide powerful computing capabilities. But processing of high-resolution images is challenging, especially in the context of embedded computing and real-time data exploitation. Considering these conditions, the article introduces a novel FPGA-based approach for runway boundary recognition. The source image is scanned line-by-line to identify colour variations. Locations with strong colour discontinuity are grouped to lines which are used for runway pattern extraction in image. The classifier-less approach is independent from runway colour, brightness and contrast and doesn't require additional markers. The final detection is evaluated by a confidence value indicating its trustiness. The determinability of the worst case execution time and the robustness over a wide dynamic range demonstrate the certifiability of the implementation. It will be tested on an unmanned aerial vehicle for automated landing.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124284859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-17DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798919
D. Basu, G. S. Gupta, G. Moretti, X. Gui
This paper proposes a modified communication protocol that uses the knowledge of channel states to transmit packets. It shuts off the energy expensive acknowledgement operation during good channel state while uses all its retransmission attempts in bad channel state to deliver the packets through the channel. The impact of this protocol has been directly studied on the coin cell batteries that are used to power wireless sensors by emulating the loads for the battery and radio channel conditions. The radio channel is modeled as two state Markov chain with FAVORABLE and NON-FAVORABLE states. Three different channel conditions - good, bad and uncertain - are considered based on how often they transit between the FAVORABLE and NON-FAVORABLE states. The results have been compared with a classical communication protocol where communication between nodes takes place on send-acknowledge basis with a fixed number of retransmission attempts when error occurs. Our proposed protocol shows promising improvement in battery lifetime when dealing with good channel and found to be more effective in the other two channel conditions when the receive operation time is high. Analytical results are also used to substantiate our observations.
{"title":"Investigation into the impact of protocol design on energy consumption of low power wireless sensors","authors":"D. Basu, G. S. Gupta, G. Moretti, X. Gui","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798919","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a modified communication protocol that uses the knowledge of channel states to transmit packets. It shuts off the energy expensive acknowledgement operation during good channel state while uses all its retransmission attempts in bad channel state to deliver the packets through the channel. The impact of this protocol has been directly studied on the coin cell batteries that are used to power wireless sensors by emulating the loads for the battery and radio channel conditions. The radio channel is modeled as two state Markov chain with FAVORABLE and NON-FAVORABLE states. Three different channel conditions - good, bad and uncertain - are considered based on how often they transit between the FAVORABLE and NON-FAVORABLE states. The results have been compared with a classical communication protocol where communication between nodes takes place on send-acknowledge basis with a fixed number of retransmission attempts when error occurs. Our proposed protocol shows promising improvement in battery lifetime when dealing with good channel and found to be more effective in the other two channel conditions when the receive operation time is high. Analytical results are also used to substantiate our observations.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127353799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798960
B. Chung, Yoon-Chang Park, Jin-Yeong Do
In a three-dimensional(3-D) measurement system based on a digital light processing (DLP) projector and a camera, a height estimating function is proposed based on geometric analysis. The proposed 3-D shape measurement method is a hybrid method that combines the geometric parameter measuring method and the least squares method. This method uses the phase-to-height relationship for one line by plane analysis, and the related parameters are estimated using the least squares method. Sinusoidal fringe patterns of the projector are projected on the object, and the phase of the measuring point is calculated from the camera image. Then, the relationship between the phase by fringe patterns and the height of the measuring point is described as a parameter of the horizontal coordinate on the image plane. Thus, the 3-D shape of the object can be obtained. Our experiments show that the modeling errors for the given x-z plane are within ±0.1 mm. The model for the entire working space can be represented by several plane models because all the x-z plane models along the y-axis are nearly the same. Therefore, the proposed method can dramatically reduce the number of mapping functions needed for 3-D measurement.
{"title":"Phase-height relationship by plane analysis in 3D shape measurement using fringe pattern projector","authors":"B. Chung, Yoon-Chang Park, Jin-Yeong Do","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798960","url":null,"abstract":"In a three-dimensional(3-D) measurement system based on a digital light processing (DLP) projector and a camera, a height estimating function is proposed based on geometric analysis. The proposed 3-D shape measurement method is a hybrid method that combines the geometric parameter measuring method and the least squares method. This method uses the phase-to-height relationship for one line by plane analysis, and the related parameters are estimated using the least squares method. Sinusoidal fringe patterns of the projector are projected on the object, and the phase of the measuring point is calculated from the camera image. Then, the relationship between the phase by fringe patterns and the height of the measuring point is described as a parameter of the horizontal coordinate on the image plane. Thus, the 3-D shape of the object can be obtained. Our experiments show that the modeling errors for the given x-z plane are within ±0.1 mm. The model for the entire working space can be represented by several plane models because all the x-z plane models along the y-axis are nearly the same. Therefore, the proposed method can dramatically reduce the number of mapping functions needed for 3-D measurement.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116546973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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