Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798959
S. Hussmann, Jorn Sandner
During the last years, Time-of-Flight sensors achieved a significant impact onto research fields in machine vision. In comparison to stereo vision system and laser range scanners they combine the advantages of active sensors providing accurate distance measurements and camera-based systems recording a 2D matrix at a high frame rate. Moreover low cost 3D imaging has the potential to open a wide field of additional applications and solutions in markets like consumer electronics, multimedia, digital photography, robotics and medical technologies. This paper focuses on the classification task of typical industrial products in the close-up range. A new approach due to the use of the photonic-mixer-device (PMD) sensor technology is presented which achieves a much simpler real-time classification. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is well suited for machine vision applications.
{"title":"Real-time classification of industrial products based on the photonic-mixer-device sensor technology","authors":"S. Hussmann, Jorn Sandner","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798959","url":null,"abstract":"During the last years, Time-of-Flight sensors achieved a significant impact onto research fields in machine vision. In comparison to stereo vision system and laser range scanners they combine the advantages of active sensors providing accurate distance measurements and camera-based systems recording a 2D matrix at a high frame rate. Moreover low cost 3D imaging has the potential to open a wide field of additional applications and solutions in markets like consumer electronics, multimedia, digital photography, robotics and medical technologies. This paper focuses on the classification task of typical industrial products in the close-up range. A new approach due to the use of the photonic-mixer-device (PMD) sensor technology is presented which achieves a much simpler real-time classification. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is well suited for machine vision applications.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129286877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798949
A. Santorelli, J. Schwartz
In this paper we present the novel design of a microstrip sensor to measure the broadband complex permittivity of small fluid samples and accurately predict their Cole-Cole parameters. This novel approach differs from prior works by placing the fluid analyte in an enclosed chamber underneath the trace of a suspended microstrip, allowing for better overlap between the electromagnetic fields and the fluid in comparison with microfluidic sensors in coplanar technology. A simple direct measurement technique that exploits device symmetry is proposed to extract the dielectric properties of the fluid from full 2-port scattering parameters and is validated through simulation data.
{"title":"Predicting Cole-Cole parameters of microfluids with microstrip technology","authors":"A. Santorelli, J. Schwartz","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798949","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present the novel design of a microstrip sensor to measure the broadband complex permittivity of small fluid samples and accurately predict their Cole-Cole parameters. This novel approach differs from prior works by placing the fluid analyte in an enclosed chamber underneath the trace of a suspended microstrip, allowing for better overlap between the electromagnetic fields and the fluid in comparison with microfluidic sensors in coplanar technology. A simple direct measurement technique that exploits device symmetry is proposed to extract the dielectric properties of the fluid from full 2-port scattering parameters and is validated through simulation data.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114910588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798957
Craig Gray, Yusuke Hioka
This paper outlines the steps taken to accurately perform acoustic source localisation of kiwi calls using microphone arrays in the presence of noise and reverberation. A generalised cross correlation exploiting the reverberation resistance of the PHAT weighting function was investigated and implemented as part of the system. To reduce correlated noise, spectral subtraction and Wiener filtering were investigated, and their suitability in the system was analysed. A novel algorithm exploiting the harmonic structure of the kiwi call is proposed to determine whether or not a kiwi call is present. In a reverberant and noisy environment, the proposed method outperformed the previous study in terms of the estimation accuracy, which had an average deviation of 4.18°.
{"title":"Direction of arrival estimation of kiwi call in noisy and reverberant bush","authors":"Craig Gray, Yusuke Hioka","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798957","url":null,"abstract":"This paper outlines the steps taken to accurately perform acoustic source localisation of kiwi calls using microphone arrays in the presence of noise and reverberation. A generalised cross correlation exploiting the reverberation resistance of the PHAT weighting function was investigated and implemented as part of the system. To reduce correlated noise, spectral subtraction and Wiener filtering were investigated, and their suitability in the system was analysed. A novel algorithm exploiting the harmonic structure of the kiwi call is proposed to determine whether or not a kiwi call is present. In a reverberant and noisy environment, the proposed method outperformed the previous study in terms of the estimation accuracy, which had an average deviation of 4.18°.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123613025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798943
B. Andò, S. Baglio, C. O. Lombardo, V. Marletta
Low cost direct printing technologies are assuming a terrific role for the development of sensors, with particular regards to bendable and flexible sensors addressing many applications. In this paper the development of a capacitive load sensor realized by low cost inkjet printing process is discussed along with its experimental characterization. The load sensor is based on a InterDigitated (IDT) capacitive Transducer, printed on a PET substrate, covered by a dielectric layer. The sensing methodology proposed as respect to traditional solutions based on resistive strain sensor is characterized by the absence of mechanics allowing the transduction between load and strain, which is usually implemented by cantilever architectures. Experimental results provide an estimated sensor resolution of 0.8 g.
{"title":"An inkjet printed sensor for load measurement","authors":"B. Andò, S. Baglio, C. O. Lombardo, V. Marletta","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798943","url":null,"abstract":"Low cost direct printing technologies are assuming a terrific role for the development of sensors, with particular regards to bendable and flexible sensors addressing many applications. In this paper the development of a capacitive load sensor realized by low cost inkjet printing process is discussed along with its experimental characterization. The load sensor is based on a InterDigitated (IDT) capacitive Transducer, printed on a PET substrate, covered by a dielectric layer. The sensing methodology proposed as respect to traditional solutions based on resistive strain sensor is characterized by the absence of mechanics allowing the transduction between load and strain, which is usually implemented by cantilever architectures. Experimental results provide an estimated sensor resolution of 0.8 g.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133784145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798977
Sangyup Lee, Choong-Yong Lee, Wonse Jo, Dong-Han Kim
This paper proposes an efficient area coverage algorithm for multi-agent robotic systems in the smart floor environment consists of passive RFID system. The passive RFID system used in this research allows to store and read information on an RFID tag, which should be located within the detection range of RF antenna. The location information is explicitly stored in the RFID tag, where the smart floor environment is constructed by laying RFID tags on the floor. Mobile robot equipped with an antenna receives the location information in the RFID tag. Based on this information, the position of mobile robot can be estimated and at the same time, the efficiency of area scanning process can be improved compared to other methods because it provides a scanning trace for other mobile robots. This paper proposes an efficient area coverage algorithm for multi-agent mobile robotic systems using the smart floor environment.
{"title":"An efficient area coverage algorithm using passive RFID system","authors":"Sangyup Lee, Choong-Yong Lee, Wonse Jo, Dong-Han Kim","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798977","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an efficient area coverage algorithm for multi-agent robotic systems in the smart floor environment consists of passive RFID system. The passive RFID system used in this research allows to store and read information on an RFID tag, which should be located within the detection range of RF antenna. The location information is explicitly stored in the RFID tag, where the smart floor environment is constructed by laying RFID tags on the floor. Mobile robot equipped with an antenna receives the location information in the RFID tag. Based on this information, the position of mobile robot can be estimated and at the same time, the efficiency of area scanning process can be improved compared to other methods because it provides a scanning trace for other mobile robots. This paper proposes an efficient area coverage algorithm for multi-agent mobile robotic systems using the smart floor environment.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114584185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798908
D. Vasić, D. Ambruš, V. Bilas
We present an analytical model of electromagnetic induction sensor with several receiver coils placed horizontally above a soil consisting of arbitrary number of conductive and magnetic layers. The modeled region is truncated far from the transmitter coil and the solution for its vector magnetic potential is given as a series. We linearize the model with respect to the soil electrical conductivity and magnetic susceptibility of each layer, and calculate the total contribution of all layers by superposition. We evaluate the validity of the linear approximation. Finally, we postulate the inverse problem of determination of the electromagnetic properties of the soil layers using single excitation frequency and illustrate the inversion procedure on a synthetic data set. The linear model and the inversion procedure are suitable for field deployable instrument.
{"title":"Simple linear inversion of soil electromagnetic properties from analytical model of electromagnetic induction sensor","authors":"D. Vasić, D. Ambruš, V. Bilas","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798908","url":null,"abstract":"We present an analytical model of electromagnetic induction sensor with several receiver coils placed horizontally above a soil consisting of arbitrary number of conductive and magnetic layers. The modeled region is truncated far from the transmitter coil and the solution for its vector magnetic potential is given as a series. We linearize the model with respect to the soil electrical conductivity and magnetic susceptibility of each layer, and calculate the total contribution of all layers by superposition. We evaluate the validity of the linear approximation. Finally, we postulate the inverse problem of determination of the electromagnetic properties of the soil layers using single excitation frequency and illustrate the inversion procedure on a synthetic data set. The linear model and the inversion procedure are suitable for field deployable instrument.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130603360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798936
A. Tan, Sean Richards, I. Platt, I. Woodhead
We present the design of an antenna array for a proximal soil moisture sensor that will be mounted on an irrigator. The sensor maps the soil moisture of the ground ahead and uses the information to modulate the water volume of the irrigator. The design objective of the antenna is to enable the sensor to map the ground surface at less than 1m2 resolutions. Applying radar analysis, it is determined that the antenna needs to maintain a directivity performance of 12 dBi over a bandwidth of 500 MHz. An array of four log-periodic dipole antennas is designed, constructed and measured. Measurement showed that the array exhibit a flat gain performance of 10.3 dBi over the frequency range of 400-1200 MHz. The dimensions of the antenna array are 0.35m×0.45m×0.55m. Based on the measured parameters, we computed that the sensor is capable of achieving a ground resolution of 0.62m2.
{"title":"Antenna design for a proximal soil moisture mapping sensor","authors":"A. Tan, Sean Richards, I. Platt, I. Woodhead","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798936","url":null,"abstract":"We present the design of an antenna array for a proximal soil moisture sensor that will be mounted on an irrigator. The sensor maps the soil moisture of the ground ahead and uses the information to modulate the water volume of the irrigator. The design objective of the antenna is to enable the sensor to map the ground surface at less than 1m2 resolutions. Applying radar analysis, it is determined that the antenna needs to maintain a directivity performance of 12 dBi over a bandwidth of 500 MHz. An array of four log-periodic dipole antennas is designed, constructed and measured. Measurement showed that the array exhibit a flat gain performance of 10.3 dBi over the frequency range of 400-1200 MHz. The dimensions of the antenna array are 0.35m×0.45m×0.55m. Based on the measured parameters, we computed that the sensor is capable of achieving a ground resolution of 0.62m2.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121839080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798932
Jason Orchard, Yusuke Hioka
A novel acoustic signal processing algorithm for sound source localisation is proposed and is implemented using two Microsoft Kinect sensors. The proposed method performs sound source localisation using a two stage method. A coarse grain location estimate is first made followed by a more accurate estimate of sound source location by estimating power spectral densities of a number of two-dimensional spatial regions. The paper outlines the sound source localisation method is able to localise a sound source within a series of predefined spatial regions. Testing of the proposed method shows it is able to localise an active sound source whilst maintaining low computational cost and can maintain good localisation performance whilst ambient noise is present.
{"title":"Localisation of a sound source in different positions using Kinect sensors","authors":"Jason Orchard, Yusuke Hioka","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798932","url":null,"abstract":"A novel acoustic signal processing algorithm for sound source localisation is proposed and is implemented using two Microsoft Kinect sensors. The proposed method performs sound source localisation using a two stage method. A coarse grain location estimate is first made followed by a more accurate estimate of sound source location by estimating power spectral densities of a number of two-dimensional spatial regions. The paper outlines the sound source localisation method is able to localise a sound source within a series of predefined spatial regions. Testing of the proposed method shows it is able to localise an active sound source whilst maintaining low computational cost and can maintain good localisation performance whilst ambient noise is present.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121752439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798972
Yuta Kudo, A. Noda, H. Shinoda
In this paper we propose a room-size ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless communication system for fast data transmission of sensor networks. We use two-dimensional signal transmission (2DST) for wireless communication. In the proposed system, planar waveguide sheet is used as a medium guiding microwave and receiver couplers on the sheet extract microwave across the sheet surface. We design the UWB coupler and demonstrate the validity by numerical simulation. Experimental results show that the fabricated couplers can mediate sufficient power for UWB communication.
{"title":"UWB sensor network on 2-D waveguide sheet","authors":"Yuta Kudo, A. Noda, H. Shinoda","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798972","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we propose a room-size ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless communication system for fast data transmission of sensor networks. We use two-dimensional signal transmission (2DST) for wireless communication. In the proposed system, planar waveguide sheet is used as a medium guiding microwave and receiver couplers on the sheet extract microwave across the sheet surface. We design the UWB coupler and demonstrate the validity by numerical simulation. Experimental results show that the fabricated couplers can mediate sufficient power for UWB communication.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124318772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2014.6798975
M. Hofbauer, J. Seiter, M. Davidović, H. Zimmermann
A novel processing approach for the output data of a correlating time-of-flight range sensor based on a least squares method is presented. Until now, the fast Fourier transform and a trigonometric approach have been widely used to derive the distance information from the output signal of the sensor. Compared to these methods, the presented approach does not suffer from a systematic phase-dependent error for ideal signals. Moreover, this method allows the detection of multipath propagation, i.e., it is possible to detect if light from different distances is received at the same time. Under certain circumstances, it is even possible to extract the distances of the different paths. Simulation results are presented, comparing the performance of this novel approach to the existing ones. Moreover, first measurement results prove the feasibility of this method and show a reduction of the phase-dependent error by 90% compared to the alternative approaches.
{"title":"A processing approach for a correlating time-of-flight range sensor based on a least squares method","authors":"M. Hofbauer, J. Seiter, M. Davidović, H. Zimmermann","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2014.6798975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2014.6798975","url":null,"abstract":"A novel processing approach for the output data of a correlating time-of-flight range sensor based on a least squares method is presented. Until now, the fast Fourier transform and a trigonometric approach have been widely used to derive the distance information from the output signal of the sensor. Compared to these methods, the presented approach does not suffer from a systematic phase-dependent error for ideal signals. Moreover, this method allows the detection of multipath propagation, i.e., it is possible to detect if light from different distances is received at the same time. Under certain circumstances, it is even possible to extract the distances of the different paths. Simulation results are presented, comparing the performance of this novel approach to the existing ones. Moreover, first measurement results prove the feasibility of this method and show a reduction of the phase-dependent error by 90% compared to the alternative approaches.","PeriodicalId":125872,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133564657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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