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Placebo rates in Crohn’s disease randomized clinical trials: An individual patient data meta-analysis 克罗恩病随机临床试验中的安慰剂比例:患者个体数据荟萃分析
IF 29.4 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.10.009
Virginia Solitano, Malcolm Hogan, Siddharth Singh, Silvio Danese, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Guangyong Zou, Yuhong Yuan, Bruce E. Sands, Brian G. Feagan, Parambir S. Dulai, Neeraj Narula, Christopher Ma, Vipul Jairath

Background & Aims

Understanding placebo rates is critical for efficient clinical trial design. We assessed placebo rates and associated factors using individual patient data (IPD) from Crohn’s disease (CD) trials.

Methods

We conducted a meta-analysis of phase 2/3 placebo-controlled trials evaluating advanced therapies in moderate-to-severe CD (2010-2021). Deidentified IPD were obtained through Vivli Inc. and Yale University Open Data Access Project. Primary outcomes were clinical response and remission. Pooled placebo rates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using one- and two-stage meta-analytical approaches. Regression analyses identified patient-level factors associated with placebo rates.

Results

Using IPD from eight induction (n=1147) and four maintenance (n=524) trials, overall placebo clinical response and remission rates for induction were 27% (95%CI=23-32%) and 10% (95%CI=8-14%) respectively, and 32% (95%CI=23-42%) and 22% (95%CI=14-33%) for maintenance, respectively. Among bio-naïve patients, placebo response and remission rates during induction were 29% (95%CI=24-35%) and 11% (95%CI=8-15%) respectively, and 26% (95% CI=20-33%) and 10% (95% CI=8-14%) for bio-exposed, respectively. During maintenance, bio-naïve response and remission rates were 41% (95%CI=34-48%) and 32% (95%CI=24-40%), respectively, and 29% (95%CI=24-34%) and 16% (95%CI=13-21%) for bio-exposed, respectively. Higher baseline C-reactive protein concentration predicted lower placebo rates, while higher baseline albumin levels and body mass index increased the odds of placebo outcomes.Increased baseline Crohn’s Disease Activity Index and 2-item patient-reported outcome scores predicted higher response rates in induction, lower response rates in maintenance, and lower remission rates in induction and maintenance.

Conclusion

Patient- and trial-level characteristics influence placebo rates in CD trials. Careful implementation of eligibility criteria, outcome definitions, and patient stratification may reduce placebo rates.
背景& 目的了解安慰剂使用率对于高效的临床试验设计至关重要。我们利用克罗恩病(CD)试验中的患者个体数据(IPD)评估了安慰剂率及相关因素。方法我们对评估中重度CD晚期疗法的2/3期安慰剂对照试验(2010-2021年)进行了荟萃分析。通过 Vivli 公司和耶鲁大学开放数据访问项目获得了去标识化 IPD。主要结果为临床反应和缓解。采用一阶段和两阶段荟萃分析方法估算了汇总安慰剂率和 95% 置信区间 (CI)。结果利用 8 项诱导试验(n=1147)和 4 项维持试验(n=524)的 IPD,诱导试验的总体安慰剂临床应答率和缓解率分别为 27% (95%CI=23-32%) 和 10% (95%CI=8-14%),维持试验的总体安慰剂临床应答率和缓解率分别为 32% (95%CI=23-42%) 和 22% (95%CI=14-33%)。在生物无效患者中,诱导期安慰剂应答率和缓解率分别为29%(95%CI=24-35%)和11%(95%CI=8-15%),生物暴露期分别为26%(95%CI=20-33%)和10%(95%CI=8-14%)。在维持治疗期间,生物无效反应率和缓解率分别为41%(95%CI=34-48%)和32%(95%CI=24-40%),生物暴露率分别为29%(95%CI=24-34%)和16%(95%CI=13-21%)。较高的基线C反应蛋白浓度预示着较低的安慰剂比例,而较高的基线白蛋白水平和体重指数则增加了安慰剂结果的几率。较高的基线克罗恩病活动指数和2项患者报告结果评分预示着较高的诱导应答率、较低的维持应答率以及较低的诱导和维持缓解率。谨慎执行资格标准、结果定义和患者分层可降低安慰剂使用率。
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引用次数: 0
Longitudinal evaluation of individuals with severe alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (Pi*ZZ genotype) 对严重α-1 抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症(Pi*ZZ 基因型)患者进行纵向评估
IF 29.4 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.10.010
Malin Fromme, Audrey Payancé, Mattias Mandorfer, Katrine H. Thorhauge, Monica Pons, Marc Miravitlles, Jan Stolk, Bart van Hoek, Guido Stirnimann, Sona Frankova, Jan Sperl, Andreas E. Kremer, Barbara Burbaum, Christina Schrader, Amine Kadioglu, Michelle Walkenhaus, Carolin V. Schneider, Fabienne Klebingat, Lorenz Balcar, Naomi N. Kappe, Pavel Strnad

Background and aims

Homozygous Pi*Z mutation in alpha-1 antitrypsin (Pi*ZZ genotype) predisposes to pulmonary loss-of-function and hepatic gain-of-function injury. To facilitate selection into clinical trials typically targeting only one organ, we systematically evaluated an international, multicenter, longitudinal, Pi*ZZ cohort to uncover natural disease course and surrogates for future liver- and lung-related endpoints.

Methods

Cohort 1 recruited 737 Pi*ZZ individuals from 25 different centers without known liver comorbidities that received a baseline clinical and laboratory assessment as well as liver stiffness measurement (LSM). A follow-up interview was performed after at least six months. Cohort 2 consisted of 135 Pi*ZZ subjects without significant liver fibrosis, who received a standardized baseline and follow-up examination at least two years later, both including LSM.

Results

During 2634 patient-years of follow-up, 39 individuals died, with liver and lung being responsible for 46% and 36% of deaths, respectively. 41 Pi*ZZ subjects who developed a hepatic endpoint presented with significantly higher baseline liver fibrosis surrogates, i.e., LSM (24 vs. 5 kPa, p<.001) and AST-to-platelet ratio index (APRI, 1.1 vs. 0.3 units, p<.001). Liver-related endpoints within five years were most accurately predicted by LSM (area under the curve [AUC] 0.95) followed by APRI (0.92). Baseline lung parameters displayed only a moderate predictive utility for lung-related endpoints within five years (FEV1 AUC 0.76). Fibrosis progression in those with no/mild fibrosis at baseline was rare and primarily seen in those with preexisting risk factors.

Conclusions

Non-invasive liver fibrosis surrogates accurately stratify liver-related risks in Pi*ZZ individuals. Our findings have direct implications for routine care and future clinical trials of Pi*ZZ patients.
背景和目的α-1抗胰蛋白酶(Pi*ZZ 基因型)的杂合子 Pi*Z 突变易导致肺功能缺失和肝功能增益损伤。为了便于选择参加通常只针对一个器官的临床试验,我们对一个国际性、多中心、纵向的 Pi*ZZ 队列进行了系统评估,以揭示自然病程以及未来肝脏和肺脏相关终点的替代指标。方法队列 1 从 25 个不同中心招募了 737 名 Pi*ZZ 患者,他们没有已知的肝脏合并症,接受了基线临床和实验室评估以及肝脏硬度测量(LSM)。至少六个月后进行了一次随访。队列2由135名无明显肝纤维化的Pi*ZZ受试者组成,他们接受了标准化的基线检查和至少两年后的随访检查,均包括肝硬度测量。41名出现肝脏终点的Pi*ZZ受试者的基线肝纤维化替代指标,即LSM(24对5千帕,p<.001)和谷草转氨酶与血小板比值指数(APRI,1.1对0.3单位,p<.001)显著较高。LSM 对五年内肝脏相关终点的预测最为准确(曲线下面积 [AUC] 0.95),其次是 APRI(0.92)。肺部基线参数对五年内肺部相关终点的预测作用一般(FEV1 AUC 0.76)。基线无纤维化/轻度纤维化的患者很少出现纤维化进展,主要见于已有风险因素的患者。结论非侵入性肝纤维化替代指标能准确地对 Pi*ZZ 患者的肝脏相关风险进行分层。我们的研究结果对Pi*ZZ患者的日常护理和未来临床试验具有直接意义。
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引用次数: 0
Comparing the Performance of Commonly Used Fecal Immunochemical Tests 比较常用粪便免疫化学检验的性能
IF 29.4 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.10.012
Nauzer Forbes
No Abstract
无摘要
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引用次数: 0
Unveiling a critical role of IL-7 in Celiac Disease - Insights from a novel human autoimmune organoid model 揭示 IL-7 在乳糜泻中的关键作用--新型人类自身免疫类器官模型的启示
IF 29.4 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.10.011
D.A.N.I.E.L. KOTLARZ
No Abstract
无摘要
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引用次数: 0
Eosinophils are just the tip of the iceberg for eosinophilic esophagitis 嗜酸性粒细胞只是嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎的冰山一角
IF 29.4 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.10.006
Eric E. Low, Rena Yadlapati
No Abstract
无摘要
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引用次数: 0
LRG1 promotes metastatic colorectal cancer growth through HER3 signaling LRG1 通过 HER3 信号促进转移性结直肠癌的生长
IF 29.4 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.10.004
Moeez Rathore, Kimberly Curry, Wei Huang, Michel’le Wright, Daniel Martin, Jiyeon Baek, Derek Taylor, Masaru Miyagi, Wen Tang, Hao Feng, Yamu Li, Zhenghe Wang, Hallie Graor, Joseph Willis, Elizabeth Bryson, Christina S. Boutros, Omkar Desai, Bianca Islam, Lee M. Elis, Stephen E. Moss, Rui Wang

Background and aims

Therapy failure in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC, ∼80% occur in the liver) remains an overarching challenge. Preclinical studies demonstrated that HER3 promotes CRC cell survival, but therapies blocking the neuregulin-induced canonical HER3 signaling have made little impact in the clinic. Recent studies suggest that the liver microenvironment promotes CRC growth by activating HER3 in a neuregulin-independent fashion, thus elucidation of these mechanisms may reveal new strategies for treating patients with mCRC.

Methods

Patient-derived primary liver endothelial cells (ECs) were used to interrogate EC-CRC crosstalk. We conducted proteomic analysis to identify EC-secreted factor(s) that triggers non-canonical HER3 activation in CRC, and determined the subsequent effects on mCRC using diverse murine mCRC models. In vitro studies with genetic and pharmacological interventions were used to map the non-canonical HER3 pathway.

Results

We demonstrated that EC-secreted leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) directly binds and activates HER3 and promotes CRC growth distinct from neuregulin, the canonical HER3 ligand. Blocking host-derived LRG1 by gene knockout or a neutralizing antibody impaired mCRC outgrowth in the liver and prolonged mouse survival. We identified protein synthesis activated by the PI3K-PDK1-RSK-eIF4B axis as the biologically relevant signaling cascade downstream of the LRG1-HER3 interaction, which was not blocked by conventional HER3-specific antibodies that failed in prior clinical trials.

Conclusions

LRG1 is a novel HER3 ligand and mediates liver-mCRC crosstalk. The LRG1-HER3 signaling axis is distinct from canonical HER3 signaling and represents a new therapeutic opportunity to treat patients with mCRC, and potentially other types of liver metastases.
背景和目的转移性结直肠癌(mCRC,80%发生在肝脏)患者的治疗失败仍是一项重大挑战。临床前研究表明,HER3 可促进 CRC 细胞存活,但阻断神经胶质蛋白诱导的典型 HER3 信号传导的疗法在临床上收效甚微。最近的研究表明,肝脏微环境通过激活 HER3 以一种不依赖于神经鞘磷脂的方式促进 CRC 生长,因此阐明这些机制可能会揭示治疗 mCRC 患者的新策略。我们进行了蛋白质组分析,以确定引发 CRC 中非典型 HER3 激活的 EC 分泌因子,并利用不同的小鼠 mCRC 模型确定其对 mCRC 的后续影响。结果我们证明,EC分泌的富亮氨酸α-2-糖蛋白1(LRG1)与HER3直接结合并激活HER3,促进CRC生长,而与HER3配体神经胶质蛋白不同。通过基因敲除或中和抗体阻断宿主来源的 LRG1 会抑制 mCRC 在肝脏中的生长,并延长小鼠的存活时间。我们发现PI3K-PDK1-RSK-eIF4B轴激活的蛋白质合成是LRG1-HER3相互作用下游的生物学相关信号级联,而之前临床试验中失败的传统HER3特异性抗体无法阻断这一级联。LRG1-HER3信号轴有别于传统的HER3信号转导,是治疗mCRC患者和其他潜在肝转移类型患者的新疗法。
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引用次数: 0
The first approved therapy in infants and young children with EoE – now the big question: where will dupilumab fit into real-world practice? 这是首个获准用于婴幼儿咽喉炎患者的疗法--现在最大的问题是:dupilumab 在现实世界中的应用情况如何?
IF 29.4 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.10.007
Eric E. Low, Rena Yadlapati
No Abstract
无摘要
{"title":"The first approved therapy in infants and young children with EoE – now the big question: where will dupilumab fit into real-world practice?","authors":"Eric E. Low, Rena Yadlapati","doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":12590,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142398452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Persistent severe abdominal pain in a 40-year-old male patient 一名 40 岁男性患者的持续性剧烈腹痛
IF 29.4 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.10.002
Shin Kashima, Yuki Kamikokura, Kentaro Moriichi
No Abstract
无摘要
{"title":"Persistent severe abdominal pain in a 40-year-old male patient","authors":"Shin Kashima, Yuki Kamikokura, Kentaro Moriichi","doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":12590,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142398455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immune checkpoint inhibitor induced colitis 免疫检查点抑制剂诱发的结肠炎
IF 29.4 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.09.034
Anusha S. Thomas, Yang Lu, Mathew Campbell, John A. Thompson, Dongfeng Tan, David M. Faleck, Yinghong Wang
No Abstract
无摘要
{"title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitor induced colitis","authors":"Anusha S. Thomas, Yang Lu, Mathew Campbell, John A. Thompson, Dongfeng Tan, David M. Faleck, Yinghong Wang","doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2024.09.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2024.09.034","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":12590,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142398454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Early Life Exposure to Parental Crohn's Disease Is Associated With Offspring's Gut Microbiome, Gut Permeability, and Increased Risk of Future Crohn's Disease. 父母早年患克罗恩病与后代的肠道微生物组、肠道通透性和未来患克罗恩病的风险增加有关。
IF 25.7 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.09.033
Sun-Ho Lee, Maham Bushra, Lanhui Qiu, Anne M Griffiths, Williams Turpin, Kenneth Croitoru, Maria Abreu, Paul Beck, Charles Bernstein, Kenneth Croitoru, Leo Dieleman, Brian Feagan, Anne Griffiths, David Guttman, Kevan Jacobson, Gilaad Kaplan, Denis O Krause, Karen Madsen, John Marshall, Paul Moayyedi, Mark Ropeleski, Ernest Seidman, Mark Silverberg, Scott Snapper, Andy Stadnyk, A Hillary Steinhart, Michael Surette, Dan Turner, Thomas Walters, Bruce Vallance, Guy Aumais, Alain Bitton, Maria Cino, Jeff Critch, Lee Denson, Colette Deslandres, Wael El-Matary, Hans Herfarth, Peter Higgins, Hien Q Huynh, Jeff Hyams, David Mack, Jerry McGrath, Anthony Otley, Remo Panancionne, Maria Abreu, Guy Aumais, Robert Baldassano, Charles Bernstein, Maria Cino, Lee Denson, Colette Deslandres, Wael El-Matary, Anne M Griffiths, Charlotte Hedin, Hans Herfarth, Peter Higgins, Seamus Hussey, Hien Q Huynh, Kevan Jacobson, David Keljo, David Kevans, Charlie Lees, David Mack, John Marshall, Jerry McGrath, Sanjay Murthy, Anthony Otley, Remo Panaccione, Nimisha Parekh, Sophie Plamondon, Graham Radford-Smith, Mark Ropeleski, Joel Rosh, David Rubin, Michael Schultz, Ernest Seidman, Corey Siegel, Scott Snapper, A Hillary Steinhart, Dan Turner
{"title":"Early Life Exposure to Parental Crohn's Disease Is Associated With Offspring's Gut Microbiome, Gut Permeability, and Increased Risk of Future Crohn's Disease.","authors":"Sun-Ho Lee, Maham Bushra, Lanhui Qiu, Anne M Griffiths, Williams Turpin, Kenneth Croitoru, Maria Abreu, Paul Beck, Charles Bernstein, Kenneth Croitoru, Leo Dieleman, Brian Feagan, Anne Griffiths, David Guttman, Kevan Jacobson, Gilaad Kaplan, Denis O Krause, Karen Madsen, John Marshall, Paul Moayyedi, Mark Ropeleski, Ernest Seidman, Mark Silverberg, Scott Snapper, Andy Stadnyk, A Hillary Steinhart, Michael Surette, Dan Turner, Thomas Walters, Bruce Vallance, Guy Aumais, Alain Bitton, Maria Cino, Jeff Critch, Lee Denson, Colette Deslandres, Wael El-Matary, Hans Herfarth, Peter Higgins, Hien Q Huynh, Jeff Hyams, David Mack, Jerry McGrath, Anthony Otley, Remo Panancionne, Maria Abreu, Guy Aumais, Robert Baldassano, Charles Bernstein, Maria Cino, Lee Denson, Colette Deslandres, Wael El-Matary, Anne M Griffiths, Charlotte Hedin, Hans Herfarth, Peter Higgins, Seamus Hussey, Hien Q Huynh, Kevan Jacobson, David Keljo, David Kevans, Charlie Lees, David Mack, John Marshall, Jerry McGrath, Sanjay Murthy, Anthony Otley, Remo Panaccione, Nimisha Parekh, Sophie Plamondon, Graham Radford-Smith, Mark Ropeleski, Joel Rosh, David Rubin, Michael Schultz, Ernest Seidman, Corey Siegel, Scott Snapper, A Hillary Steinhart, Dan Turner","doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2024.09.033","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.gastro.2024.09.033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12590,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Gastroenterology
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