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Transumbilical single-site laparoscopic treatment of primary splenic cyst in child: a rare case report and review of literature. 经脐单点腹腔镜治疗儿童原发性脾囊肿:罕见病例报告和文献综述。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-25 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1454487
Meng Kong, Shuai Chen, Yuexia Bai, Yuxi Yan, Minggang Yi, Meiyun Wang, Hongzhen Liu, Jinhua Jia, Chuanyang Liu, Shisong Zhang

Background: Splenic cysts are relatively rare benign tumors that are asymptomatic in most patients and are usually discovered incidentally by imaging. In our case, we report a splenic cyst in a child who underwent laparoscopic partial splenectomy.

Case description: A 13-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital after an incidental finding of a splenic cyst on an abdominal ultrasound conducted 4 days prior. He was asymptomatic before admission. Upon admission, abdominal ultrasound and CT revealed a cystic lesion in the spleen, highly suspicious for a splenic cyst. Then, we used transumbilical single-site laparoscopic exploration and found a cyst measuring approximately 12 cm × 11 cm × 10 cm at the upper pole of the spleen, so we performed a partial splenectomy and diagnosed a primary epithelioid splenic cyst via postoperative pathology.

Conclusions: Splenic cysts in children are very rare and can be treated conservatively in asymptomatic patients with a diameter of less than 5 cm, while surgery is required in symptomatic patients or those with a diameter greater than or equal to 5 cm. Transumbilical single-site laparoscopic partial splenectomy is a minimally invasive and effective treatment, especially for children.

背景:脾囊肿是一种较为罕见的良性肿瘤,大多数患者无症状,通常通过影像学检查偶然发现。在我们的病例中,我们报告了一名接受腹腔镜脾部分切除术的儿童脾囊肿:一名 13 岁男孩在 4 天前的腹部超声检查中意外发现脾囊肿,随后被送入医院。入院前他没有任何症状。入院时,腹部超声和 CT 显示脾脏有囊性病变,高度怀疑为脾囊肿。随后,我们采用经脐单点腹腔镜探查术,在脾脏上极发现了一个大小约为12厘米×11厘米×10厘米的囊肿,于是我们为他进行了脾脏部分切除术,术后病理诊断为原发性上皮样脾囊肿:儿童脾囊肿非常罕见,直径小于 5 厘米的无症状患者可采取保守治疗,而有症状或直径大于或等于 5 厘米的患者则需要手术治疗。经脐单点腹腔镜脾部分切除术是一种微创、有效的治疗方法,尤其适用于儿童。
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引用次数: 0
Alström syndrome-wide clinical variability within the same variant: a case report and literature review. 阿尔斯特罗姆综合征同一变异体的临床变异性:病例报告和文献综述。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-25 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1463903
Diana Jecan-Toader, Adrian Trifa, Bogdan Lucian, Tudor Lucian Pop, Simona Sorana Cainap

Background: Alström disease is a rare disorder caused by various variants in the ALMS1 gene. It is characterised by multiorgan involvement, namely neurosensory deficits, endocrine and metabolic disturbances, cardiomyopathy, and hepatic and renal dysfunction. The disease exhibits marked interindividual variability, both in clinical manifestations and age of onset. Several attempts have been made to establish a relationship between phenotype and genotype, with little success.

Methods: We present the case of an infant who presented with dilated cardiomyopathy, above-average weight and neurosensory deficits, raising the suspicion for Alström syndrome, later confirmed through genetic testing. Moreover, we conducted an extensive literature search to identify all reported cases having the same variant as our patient, in order to evaluate whether specific mutated alleles have a role in determining phenotype-genotype associations.

Results: A 4-month-old female infant with a recent history of bronchiolitis was referred to our centre due to a systolic murmur. In our service, the clinical exam was significant for above-average weight, dyspnea, wheezing and a grade II systolic murmur. Echocardiography revealed dilated cardiomyopathy with severe systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated NT-proBNP and troponin levels, along with positive IgM antibodies for CMV and EBV. Dilated cardiomyopathy attributed to viral myocarditis was suspected. Treatment with ACE inhibitors and diuretics was started, with a favourable response initially. However, after a few months, the patient presented with vertical nystagmus and head bobbing. The ophthalmologic exam revealed cone-rode dystrophy. Considering the constellation of symptoms, Alström syndrome was suspected. Genetic testing revealed a homozygous variant [c.4156dup (p.Thr1386Asnfs*15)] in the ALMS1 gene, confirming the diagnosis.

Conclusion: Our literature review revealed 8 additional cases harbouring the same variant as our patient, five in a heterozygous state, two in a homozygous state and one with only one allele identified. The identified patients presented high heterogeneity of clinical manifestations and age of onset. The heterogeneity persisted even in patients with homozygous variants, suggesting the involvement of factors beyond the specific disease-causing variant in determining disease manifestation. Therefore, genotype-phenotype correlations might not be supported by specific variants.

背景介绍阿尔斯特罗姆病是一种罕见疾病,由 ALMS1 基因的各种变异引起。该病的特点是多器官受累,即神经感觉障碍、内分泌和代谢紊乱、心肌病、肝肾功能障碍。该病在临床表现和发病年龄上都有明显的个体差异。人们曾多次尝试建立表型与基因型之间的关系,但收效甚微:方法:我们介绍了一例婴儿病例,该婴儿出现扩张型心肌病、体重高于平均水平和神经感觉障碍,引起了对阿尔斯特罗姆综合征的怀疑,后来通过基因检测证实了这一点。此外,我们还进行了广泛的文献检索,以确定所有与我们的患者具有相同变异的病例,从而评估特定变异等位基因是否在表型-基因型关联中起决定作用:一名 4 个月大的女婴近期曾患支气管炎,因出现收缩期杂音而被转诊至本中心。在我们的服务中,临床检查结果显示婴儿体重高于平均水平、呼吸困难、喘息和二级收缩期杂音。超声心动图显示,该患者患有扩张型心肌病,左心室收缩功能严重障碍。实验室检查显示,NT-proBNP 和肌钙蛋白水平升高,CMV 和 EBV IgM 抗体阳性。怀疑是病毒性心肌炎引起的扩张型心肌病。患者开始接受 ACE 抑制剂和利尿剂治疗,起初反应良好。然而,几个月后,患者出现了垂直性眼震和头部晃动。眼科检查显示患者患有视锥叶萎缩症。考虑到患者的一系列症状,医生怀疑患者患有阿尔斯特罗姆综合征。基因检测发现,ALMS1 基因存在同源变异[c.4156dup (p.Thr1386Asnfs*15)] ,从而确诊了该病:通过查阅文献,我们又发现了 8 例与我们的患者携带相同变异的病例,其中 5 例为杂合状态,2 例为同源状态,1 例仅发现一个等位基因。已发现的患者在临床表现和发病年龄方面具有高度异质性。即使是同源变异的患者,异质性也依然存在,这表明在决定疾病表现时,除了特定的致病变异外,还涉及其他因素。因此,基因型与表型之间的相关性可能并不取决于特定的变异体。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial: Fractures and deformities of the lower extremity in children and adolescents: etiology, diagnosis and treatment. 社论:儿童和青少年下肢骨折和畸形:病因、诊断和治疗。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-25 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1493293
Shunyou Chen, Xin Tang, Federico Canavese
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引用次数: 0
Anterior deflected urinary stream in female children: description of a unique clinical entity and surgical management. 女性儿童尿流前倾:一种独特临床现象的描述和手术治疗。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-25 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1434021
Matthew S Swallow, Cynthia A Sharadin, Anthony J Schaeffer, Deborah L Jacobson, Glen A Lau

Objectives: To investigate the clinical presentation and outcomes for a series of female pediatric patients with severe anterior deflection of the urinary stream (ADUS) who were managed via urethromeatoplasty.

Methods: This single institution retrospective cohort study used the institutional billing database to identify female patients ≤18 years who received a urethromeatoplasty (CPT 53450) from 2007 to 2022. Patients were included if a substantial anterior deflection of their urinary stream was the primary indication for surgery. Patients were excluded if they were >18 years of age, had a history of prior genital trauma, or underwent surgery for an indication other than a deflected urinary stream.

Results: Twenty female patients underwent urethromeatoplasty between 2007 and 2022, with a median age of 3 years old. All patients presented with difficulty aiming the urinary stream during toilet training and demonstrated a web of tissue along the posterior aspect of the urethral orifice. 19/20 patients noted immediate response (i.e., normal, non-deflected urinary stream) after the urethromeatoplasty with no further urinary complaints. There were no post-operative complications within a 90-day period.

Conclusions: ADUS is a clinical entity characterized by a web of deflecting tissue at the female posterior urethral meatus that causes severe urinary deflection without other urologic symptoms. This is not well-described in the literature. Surgical correction via urethromeatoplasty is safe and effective.

目的研究通过尿道虹膜成形术治疗的一系列严重尿流前倾(ADUS)女性儿科患者的临床表现和治疗效果:这项单一医疗机构的回顾性队列研究使用医疗机构的账单数据库来识别2007年至2022年期间接受尿道膀胱成形术(CPT 53450)的18岁以下女性患者。如果手术的主要适应症是尿流前部严重偏斜,则将患者纳入研究范围。年龄大于 18 岁、曾有生殖器外伤史或因尿流偏转以外的其他原因接受手术的患者则不包括在内:2007年至2022年间,20名女性患者接受了尿道膀胱成形术,中位年龄为3岁。所有患者均在如厕训练时出现尿流瞄准困难,并显示尿道口后方有网状组织。19/20 名患者在尿道虹膜成形术后立即出现反应(即尿流正常、不偏斜),没有再出现排尿不适。90天内没有出现术后并发症:ADUS是一种临床实体,其特点是女性后尿道肉膜处的网状偏曲组织会导致严重的排尿偏曲,但不会出现其他泌尿系统症状。文献中对此并无详细描述。通过尿道虹膜成形术进行手术矫正既安全又有效。
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引用次数: 0
Epidemiological investigation of allergic rhinitis in children aged 6-12 years in Bayannur City, China. 中国巴彦淖尔市 6-12 岁儿童过敏性鼻炎流行病学调查。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-24 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1422323
Xiaobo Yan, Limin Li

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory condition of the nasal mucosa triggered by exposure to non-harmful substances. Over the past decade, the prevalence of AR in Chinese children has been steadily increasing. However, detailed epidemiological data on AR in children from Bayannur City are lacking.

Methods: This study randomly selected six primary schools in Bayannur City. Electronic questionnaires were distributed via the web, and parents and children completed the questionnaires by scanning the two-dimensional code within a designated timeframe. Statistical analysis was performed on the collected data.

Results: A total of 4,754 valid responses were obtained. The self-reported prevalence of AR among children in Bayannur city was 39.79%. Multivariate analysis revealed that male gender, belonging to an ethnic minority, a history of food or drug allergies, frequent antibiotic use (≥3 times per year in the past two years, with each course lasting ≥3 days), and residence in urban or pastoral areas was associated with an increased prevalence of AR in children. The proportion of children experiencing moderate to severe AR hat impacted their studies or daily life was 48.78%. Chronic AR was reported in 56.71% of cases. Among AR patients with other allergic conditions, the incidence rates were as follows: bronchial asthma 35.99%, upper airway cough syndrome (UACS) 64.32%, secretory otitis media (SOM) 22.41%, obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea-syndrome (OSAHS) 49.58%, allergic dermatitis (AD) 48.72%, and allergic conjunctivitis (AC) 85.20%. The prevalence of AR was 50.30% in urban areas, 13.733% in rural areas and 20.90% in pastoral areas. Seasonal effects on AR prevalence were notably significant in urban and pastoral regions.

Conclusions: The prevalence of AR among children in Bayannur city was 39.80%. Of those with AR, 48.72% experienced significant impacts on their learning or daily life, while only 14.80% had no other allergic conditions. There were significant variations in the prevalence and onset of AR among children between urban, agricultural and pastoral areas.

背景:过敏性鼻炎(AR)是一种因接触无害物质而引发的鼻黏膜炎症。在过去十年中,中国儿童的过敏性鼻炎发病率一直在稳步上升。然而,巴彦淖尔市儿童 AR 的详细流行病学数据尚缺:本研究随机选取了巴彦淖尔市的六所小学。通过网络发放电子问卷,家长和儿童在指定时间内通过扫描二维码完成问卷。对收集到的数据进行了统计分析:结果:共获得 4 754 份有效答卷。巴彦淖尔市儿童自我报告的 AR 患病率为 39.79%。多变量分析显示,男性、少数民族、食物或药物过敏史、频繁使用抗生素(过去两年中每年≥3次,每次疗程≥3天)、居住在城市或牧区与儿童AR患病率增加有关。48.78%的儿童因患有中度至重度AR而影响了学习或日常生活。据报告,56.71%的病例为慢性 AR。在伴有其他过敏症状的 AR 患者中,发病率如下:支气管哮喘(35.99%)、上气道咳嗽综合征(UACS)(64.32%)、分泌性中耳炎(SOM)(22.41%)、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)(49.58%)、过敏性皮炎(AD)(48.72%)和过敏性结膜炎(AC)(85.20%)。城市地区的 AR 患病率为 50.30%,农村地区为 13.733%,牧区为 20.90%。季节对 AR 流行率的影响在城市和牧区尤为显著:巴彦淖尔市儿童的 AR 患病率为 39.80%。在患有 AR 的儿童中,有 48.72% 的儿童的学习或日常生活受到严重影响,只有 14.80% 的儿童没有其他过敏症状。城市地区、农业地区和牧业地区儿童的 AR 患病率和发病率存在明显差异。
{"title":"Epidemiological investigation of allergic rhinitis in children aged 6-12 years in Bayannur City, China.","authors":"Xiaobo Yan, Limin Li","doi":"10.3389/fped.2024.1422323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2024.1422323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory condition of the nasal mucosa triggered by exposure to non-harmful substances. Over the past decade, the prevalence of AR in Chinese children has been steadily increasing. However, detailed epidemiological data on AR in children from Bayannur City are lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study randomly selected six primary schools in Bayannur City. Electronic questionnaires were distributed via the web, and parents and children completed the questionnaires by scanning the two-dimensional code within a designated timeframe. Statistical analysis was performed on the collected data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4,754 valid responses were obtained. The self-reported prevalence of AR among children in Bayannur city was 39.79%. Multivariate analysis revealed that male gender, belonging to an ethnic minority, a history of food or drug allergies, frequent antibiotic use (≥3 times per year in the past two years, with each course lasting ≥3 days), and residence in urban or pastoral areas was associated with an increased prevalence of AR in children. The proportion of children experiencing moderate to severe AR hat impacted their studies or daily life was 48.78%. Chronic AR was reported in 56.71% of cases. Among AR patients with other allergic conditions, the incidence rates were as follows: bronchial asthma 35.99%, upper airway cough syndrome (UACS) 64.32%, secretory otitis media (SOM) 22.41%, obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea-syndrome (OSAHS) 49.58%, allergic dermatitis (AD) 48.72%, and allergic conjunctivitis (AC) 85.20%. The prevalence of AR was 50.30% in urban areas, 13.733% in rural areas and 20.90% in pastoral areas. Seasonal effects on AR prevalence were notably significant in urban and pastoral regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of AR among children in Bayannur city was 39.80%. Of those with AR, 48.72% experienced significant impacts on their learning or daily life, while only 14.80% had no other allergic conditions. There were significant variations in the prevalence and onset of AR among children between urban, agricultural and pastoral areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11458438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Case Report: Cronkhite-Canada syndrome: presentation of a pediatric case and review of the literature. 病例报告:克朗凯特-加拿大综合征:一例儿科病例及文献综述。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-24 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1451472
Weina Shi, Haiyan Fu, Shiguang Zhao, Shuhuan Cheng, Shaogang Hou, Ruiqin Zhao

Background: Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) is extremely rare in children, presenting with complex clinical manifestations often leading to misdiagnosis.

Case presentation: We reported a description of a 13-year-old boy with CSS presenting with persistent diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, along with symptoms of weight loss, alopecia, and skin hyperpigmentation. The patient had ectodermal manifestations such as alopecia and skin hyperpigmentation. Laboratory tests revealed hypoalbuminemia, normal inflammatory indicators, positive anti-dsDNA antibodies, anti-centromere antibodies, and anti-nuclear antibodies. Gastrointestinal endoscopy identified polypoid changes in the stomach, duodenum, and colon, with pathology indicating glandular dilation, cryptitis, and crypt abscesses. Treatment with prednisone led to significant improvement in symptoms, including normalization of stool consistency, hair regrowth, and disappearance of skin hyperpigmentation.

Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of comprehensive assessment, endoscopic examination, histological biopsy, and the effectiveness of steroid therapy in the diagnosis and management of CCS in children. In children presenting with diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, polyposis, and ectodermal manifestations, CCS should be considered.

背景:克朗凯特-加拿大综合征(CCS)在儿童中极为罕见,临床表现复杂,经常导致误诊:我们报告了一名患有 CSS 的 13 岁男孩,他表现为持续腹泻、呕吐和腹痛,同时伴有体重减轻、脱发和皮肤色素沉着等症状。患者有脱发和皮肤色素沉着等外胚层表现。实验室检查显示患者低白蛋白血症,炎症指标正常,抗dsDNA抗体、抗中心粒抗体和抗核抗体阳性。胃肠道内窥镜检查发现胃、十二指肠和结肠有息肉样病变,病理显示腺体扩张、隐窝炎和隐窝脓肿。使用泼尼松治疗后,症状明显改善,包括大便稠度恢复正常、毛发再生、皮肤色素沉着消失:本研究强调了综合评估、内窥镜检查、组织学活检以及类固醇治疗在诊断和治疗儿童宿便性腹泻中的有效性。对于出现腹泻、腹痛、体重减轻、息肉病和外胚层表现的儿童,应考虑为 CCS。
{"title":"Case Report: Cronkhite-Canada syndrome: presentation of a pediatric case and review of the literature.","authors":"Weina Shi, Haiyan Fu, Shiguang Zhao, Shuhuan Cheng, Shaogang Hou, Ruiqin Zhao","doi":"10.3389/fped.2024.1451472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2024.1451472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) is extremely rare in children, presenting with complex clinical manifestations often leading to misdiagnosis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We reported a description of a 13-year-old boy with CSS presenting with persistent diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, along with symptoms of weight loss, alopecia, and skin hyperpigmentation. The patient had ectodermal manifestations such as alopecia and skin hyperpigmentation. Laboratory tests revealed hypoalbuminemia, normal inflammatory indicators, positive anti-dsDNA antibodies, anti-centromere antibodies, and anti-nuclear antibodies. Gastrointestinal endoscopy identified polypoid changes in the stomach, duodenum, and colon, with pathology indicating glandular dilation, cryptitis, and crypt abscesses. Treatment with prednisone led to significant improvement in symptoms, including normalization of stool consistency, hair regrowth, and disappearance of skin hyperpigmentation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study emphasizes the importance of comprehensive assessment, endoscopic examination, histological biopsy, and the effectiveness of steroid therapy in the diagnosis and management of CCS in children. In children presenting with diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, polyposis, and ectodermal manifestations, CCS should be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":12637,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11458448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Case Report: Primary ciliary dyskinesia due to CCNO mutations: a Chinese pediatric case series and literature review. 病例报告:CCNO突变导致的原发性睫状肌运动障碍:一个中国儿科病例系列和文献综述。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-24 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1458660
Lejun Tong, Li Li, Wenjian Wang, Jiehua Chen

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a hereditary disorder characterized by defects in cilia that impair mucociliary clearance. This study focuses on PCD caused by mutations in the Cyclin O (CCNO) gene and reports on three cases involving Chinese children. Case 1 was an 8-year-and-3-month-old boy who presented with respiratory distress after birth and later developed a recurrent productive cough and purulent nasal discharge. He was initially diagnosed with diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) due to the presence of diffuse micronodules in lung CT scans. Case 2 was the younger sister of case 1. She also presented with respiratory distress after birth, with a chest radiograph revealing atelectasis. She required oxygen supplementation until the age of 2 months. Case 3 was a 4-year-and-4-month-old girl with a history of neonatal pneumonia, persistent pulmonary atelectasis, and recurrent lower respiratory tract infections. Her chest radiograph also showed diffuse micronodules. In all three cases, the final diagnosis of PCD was confirmed by genetic testing. Cases 1 and 2 exhibited homozygous c.248_252dup TGCCC (p.G85Cfs*11) mutations in the CCNO gene, while case 3 harbored a homozygous c.258_262dup GGCCC (p.Q88Rfs*8) mutation. A literature review indicated that the common clinical features of CCNO-PCD include neonatal respiratory distress (40/49, 81.6%), chronic cough (31/33, 93.9%), rhinosinusitis (30/35, 85.7%), bronchiectasis (26/35, 74.3%), and low nasal nitric oxide (nNO, 40/43, 93.0%). Notably, situs inversus has not been reported. In CCNO-PCD patients, cilia may appear structurally normal but were severely reduced in number or entirely absent. Lung CT scans in these patients may exhibit diffuse micronodules and "tree-in-bud" signs, which can lead to a clinical misdiagnosis of DPB. nNO screening combined with genetic testing is an optimized diagnostic strategy. Treatment options include the use of anti-infective and anti-inflammatory agent, along with daily airway clearance. This study underscores the importance of genetic testing in neonates and children with suspected PCD or those clinically diagnosed with DPB to enable an early diagnosis and prompt intervention, thereby enhancing the prognosis for these patients.

原发性纤毛运动障碍(PCD)是一种遗传性疾病,其特点是纤毛缺陷影响粘液纤毛的清除。本研究主要关注由 Cyclin O(CCNO)基因突变引起的 PCD,并报告了三例涉及中国儿童的病例。病例 1 是一名 8 岁零 3 个月大的男孩,出生后出现呼吸窘迫,随后出现反复有痰咳嗽和脓性鼻涕。由于肺部 CT 扫描中出现弥漫性微小结节,他被初步诊断为弥漫性泛支气管炎(DPB)。病例 2 是病例 1 的妹妹。她出生后也出现呼吸困难,胸片显示有肺不张。她需要补充氧气直到 2 个月大。病例 3 是一名 4 岁 4 个月大的女孩,曾患新生儿肺炎、持续肺不张和反复下呼吸道感染。她的胸片也显示有弥漫性微小结节。这三个病例最终都通过基因检测确诊为 PCD。病例 1 和病例 2 的 CCNO 基因发生了同源的 c.248_252dup TGCCC(p.G85Cfs*11)突变,而病例 3 则发生了同源的 c.258_262dup GGCCC(p.Q88Rfs*8)突变。文献综述显示,CCNO-PCD 的常见临床特征包括新生儿呼吸窘迫(40/49,81.6%)、慢性咳嗽(31/33,93.9%)、鼻炎(30/35,85.7%)、支气管扩张(26/35,74.3%)和低鼻一氧化氮(nNO,40/43,93.0%)。值得注意的是,坐位性倒错尚未见报道。在 CCNO-PCD 患者中,纤毛可能看起来结构正常,但数量严重减少或完全消失。这些患者的肺部 CT 扫描可能会显示弥漫性微小结节和 "树中芽 "征象,这可能会导致 DPB 的临床误诊。治疗方案包括使用抗感染和抗炎药物,以及每天进行气道清理。这项研究强调了对疑似 PCD 或临床诊断为 DPB 的新生儿和儿童进行基因检测的重要性,以便早期诊断和及时干预,从而改善这些患者的预后。
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引用次数: 0
Ciclesonide exhibits lung-protective effects in neonatal rats exposed to intra-amniotic enterotoxin. 环索奈德对暴露于羊膜腔内肠毒素的新生大鼠具有肺保护作用。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-24 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1428520
Victoria Mielgo, Elena Gastiasoro, Chiara Catozzi, Francesca Ricci, Miguel A Gomez-Solaetxe, Xabier Murgia, Carmen Rey-Santano

Introduction: Despite the advances in perinatal care, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) continues to be a highly prevalent chronic lung disease that affects newborns, especially affecting premature newborns. There is no specific cure for BPD, and treatments aimed at reducing the risk of developing BPD focus mainly on lung-protective ventilation strategies, surfactant therapy, and/or corticosteroid administration. Our objective was to evaluate whether systemic postnatal administration of a new glucocorticoid, ciclesonide, can attenuate the alteration of lung structure and pulmonary hypertension in a rat model of chorioamnionitis-induced BPD, with minimal adverse effects on the developing brain.

Methods: Endotoxin (ETX) or saline was administered to pregnant rats by intra-amniotic (i.a.) injection on day 20 of pregnancy, and pups were delivered by cesarean section on day 22. Ciclesonide (0.5 mg/kg) was administered postnatally for five consecutive days to pups previously exposed to i.a. ETX. On postnatal day 14, we assessed lung function (compliance), lung structure (radial alveolar count, mean linear intercept, pulmonary vessel density), pulmonary hypertension, and brain histology (edema, inflammation, apoptosis, hemorrhage, and infarction).

Result: On postnatal day 14, the effects of i.a. ETX administration were evident in neonatal rats not receiving treatment; these animals showed impaired lung compliance, disrupted lung structure, and developing pulmonary hypertension compared to those receiving i.a. saline. Postnatal administration of ciclesonide for 5 days was associated with significantly better outcomes in terms of lung compliance, alveolarization, lung vascular growth, and pulmonary hypertension, without affecting the brain histological parameters evaluated.

Conclusion: Postnatal ciclesonide administration preserved lung function and structure and prevented pulmonary hypertension in a BPD model induced by antenatal i.a. ETX administration, without causing any adverse effects on brain development. These findings suggest that the new glucocorticoid, ciclesonide, may provide a novel strategy for the prevention of BPD; however, more long-term studies are required.

导言:尽管围产期护理取得了进步,但支气管肺发育不良(BPD)仍然是一种影响新生儿,尤其是早产新生儿的高发慢性肺部疾病。目前还没有治疗 BPD 的特效药,旨在降低 BPD 患病风险的治疗方法主要集中在肺保护性通气策略、表面活性物质治疗和/或皮质类固醇给药。我们的目的是评估在绒毛膜羊膜炎诱导的 BPD 大鼠模型中,产后全身应用一种新型糖皮质激素环索奈德是否能减轻肺结构的改变和肺动脉高压,同时对发育中的大脑产生最小的不良影响:方法:在妊娠第20天通过羊膜腔内注射给妊娠大鼠内毒素(ETX)或生理盐水,在第22天通过剖腹产娩出幼鼠。连续五天在产后给之前暴露于ETX(i.a. ETX)的幼鼠注射环索奈德(0.5 mg/kg)。在出生后第14天,我们评估了肺功能(顺应性)、肺结构(肺泡径向计数、平均线截距、肺血管密度)、肺动脉高压和脑组织学(水肿、炎症、细胞凋亡、出血和梗塞):结果:在出生后第 14 天,未接受治疗的新生大鼠体内注射 ETX 的效果明显;与注射生理盐水的新生大鼠相比,这些动物的肺顺应性受损,肺结构破坏,并出现肺动脉高压。出生后连续5天服用环索奈德,在肺顺应性、肺泡化、肺血管生长和肺动脉高压方面的效果明显更好,且不影响所评估的脑组织学参数:结论:在产前静注ETX诱导的BPD模型中,产后服用环索奈德可保护肺功能和结构,预防肺动脉高压,而不会对大脑发育造成任何不良影响。这些研究结果表明,新的糖皮质激素环索奈德可能为预防婴儿猝死症提供了一种新策略;然而,还需要进行更多的长期研究。
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引用次数: 0
Association of screen exposure/sedentary behavior and precocious puberty/early puberty. 屏幕接触/节食行为与性早熟/青春期过早的关系。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1447372
Xinyu Wu, Lingmei Wang, Peng Xue, Jingyi Tang, Haodong Wang, Huijun Kong, Cuilan Lin, Bo Chang, Shijian Liu

Background: In recent years, with the development of society, children's daily exposure to screen time has gradually increased. Screen exposure and sedentary behavior have brought a host of harms to children's lives. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of screen exposure and sedentary behavior on precocious puberty and early development.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in the school-based population. A total of 3,560 children were recruited from Qufu City, Shandong province using multistage stratified cluster random sampling. All study subjects had a physical examination by professional pediatricians in October 2019, and were investigated with health questionnaires. Precocious puberty is defined as development of secondary sexual signs in boys before 9 years or in girls before 8 years. Screen time was calculated as the average of screen time on weekdays and weekend days, and sedentary time was calculated as the average of sedentary time on weekdays and weekend days. After adjusting for potential confounders, logistic regression was used to examine the association between screen exposure and sedentary behavior and early puberty and precocious puberty.

Results: Sedentary time was a risk factor for precocious puberty and early development (OR = 1.428, 95% CI = 1.087-1.876) in girls without adjustment. No significant association was found between screen exposure and early puberty and early development both in girls and boys.

Conclusions: Excessive sedentary behavior was associated with an increased risk of early puberty, especially in girls, while there was no significant association between screen exposure and early puberty and early development. In addition, further longitudinal investigations are needed to determine the causal relationship between screen exposure, sedentary behavior and precocious puberty.

背景:近年来,随着社会的发展,儿童每天接触屏幕的时间逐渐增加:近年来,随着社会的发展,儿童每天接触屏幕的时间逐渐增加。屏幕接触和久坐行为给儿童的生活带来了一系列危害。本研究旨在探讨屏幕接触和久坐行为对性早熟和早期发育的影响:这是一项以学校为基础的横断面研究。研究采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样法,从山东省曲阜市招募了3560名儿童。所有研究对象均于2019年10月接受了专业儿科医生的体格检查,并接受了健康问卷调查。性早熟是指男孩在 9 岁前或女孩在 8 岁前出现第二性征。屏幕时间按平日和周末屏幕时间的平均值计算,久坐时间按平日和周末久坐时间的平均值计算。在对潜在的混杂因素进行调整后,采用逻辑回归法研究了屏幕接触和久坐行为与青春期早期和性早熟之间的关系:久坐不动是女孩性早熟和性早熟的一个风险因素(OR = 1.428,95% CI = 1.087-1.876)。在女孩和男孩中,屏幕接触与性早熟和早期发育之间均未发现明显关联:结论:过度久坐行为与青春期提前的风险增加有关,尤其是对女孩而言,而屏幕暴露与青春期提前和早期发育之间没有明显关联。此外,还需要进一步开展纵向调查,以确定屏幕接触、久坐行为和性早熟之间的因果关系。
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum: Outcomes of olecranon fractures in adolescents: comparison of tension band wiring and Herbert screw fixations. 更正:青少年肩胛骨骨折的疗效:张力带接线与赫伯特螺钉固定的比较。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1484562
Weiwei Yang, Xintao Zhang, Dong Sun, Shaobin Jin, Junfei Chen, Yang Li

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1269628.].

[此处更正了文章 DOI:10.3389/fped.2023.1269628]。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Frontiers in Pediatrics
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