Pub Date : 2023-04-12DOI: 10.1088/2631-6331/accc6b
Jihun Lee, Jae Hun Kim, Haolin Wang, Hyun-ju Shin
Thermo-mechanical properties of polymeric nanocomposites containing clustered nanoparticles are investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Comparing between the dispersion and cluster models, it is revealed that the thermo-mechanical properties are decreased due to the clustering phenomenon. For effectively predicting the thermo-mechanical properties of polymeric nanocomposites, a multiscale analysis method is developed by linking the MD simulation and finite element homogenization analysis. Using the multiscale analysis, the elastic and shear moduli, and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the interphase can be obtained, and it is revealed that the reinforcement effect of the interphase is decreased due to the cluster phenomenon of nanoparticles. In addition, it is showed that this method can be used to accurately predict the elastic and shear moduli, and CTE of polymeric nanocomposites because of the clustering phenomenon.
{"title":"Development of multiscale analysis method for predicting thermo-mechanical properties of polymeric nanocomposites containing clustered nanoparticles","authors":"Jihun Lee, Jae Hun Kim, Haolin Wang, Hyun-ju Shin","doi":"10.1088/2631-6331/accc6b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-6331/accc6b","url":null,"abstract":"Thermo-mechanical properties of polymeric nanocomposites containing clustered nanoparticles are investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Comparing between the dispersion and cluster models, it is revealed that the thermo-mechanical properties are decreased due to the clustering phenomenon. For effectively predicting the thermo-mechanical properties of polymeric nanocomposites, a multiscale analysis method is developed by linking the MD simulation and finite element homogenization analysis. Using the multiscale analysis, the elastic and shear moduli, and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the interphase can be obtained, and it is revealed that the reinforcement effect of the interphase is decreased due to the cluster phenomenon of nanoparticles. In addition, it is showed that this method can be used to accurately predict the elastic and shear moduli, and CTE of polymeric nanocomposites because of the clustering phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":12652,"journal":{"name":"Functional Composites and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45759443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-06DOI: 10.1088/2631-6331/accb39
J. Gaur, M. Pal, Sanjeev Kumar, H. Kaur, Gurmeet Singh Lotey, K. Bala, Supreet, Arshdeep Kaur
In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-aided zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized by fusion of precipitation-cum-hydrothermal method. The PEG/ZnO NPs were investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) transformation, UV-visible field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy dispersive x-ray, high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), and RAMAN techniques. XRD analysis confirms the formation of the wurtzite phase with a crystallite size of 8 nm of synthesized PEG/ZnO. While FESEM and HRTEM investigations reveal the formation of distinct structural forms, FTIR investigations show interactions between PEG and ZnO. High crystallinity of PEG/ZnO is observed in the selected area electron diffraction pattern. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) study revealed that ZnO NPs have a mesoporous structure with a significant specific surface area of 42 m2 g−1. The evaluation of photocatalytic activity of PEG/ZnO-based photocatalyst was carried out via the degradation of typical azo dye (industrial methylene blue (MB) dye) along with total organic carbon (TOC) analysis. The PEG-ZnO (dose 200 mg l−1) was found to be an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of MB dye. The degradation reaction exhibits pseudo-first-order kinetics. Additionally, TOC removal was monitored, elucidating almost complete mineralization.
{"title":"PEG functionalized ZnO nanoparticles by fusion of precipitation-cum-hydrothermal method with enhanced photocatalytic activity","authors":"J. Gaur, M. Pal, Sanjeev Kumar, H. Kaur, Gurmeet Singh Lotey, K. Bala, Supreet, Arshdeep Kaur","doi":"10.1088/2631-6331/accb39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-6331/accb39","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-aided zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized by fusion of precipitation-cum-hydrothermal method. The PEG/ZnO NPs were investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) transformation, UV-visible field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy dispersive x-ray, high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), and RAMAN techniques. XRD analysis confirms the formation of the wurtzite phase with a crystallite size of 8 nm of synthesized PEG/ZnO. While FESEM and HRTEM investigations reveal the formation of distinct structural forms, FTIR investigations show interactions between PEG and ZnO. High crystallinity of PEG/ZnO is observed in the selected area electron diffraction pattern. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) study revealed that ZnO NPs have a mesoporous structure with a significant specific surface area of 42 m2 g−1. The evaluation of photocatalytic activity of PEG/ZnO-based photocatalyst was carried out via the degradation of typical azo dye (industrial methylene blue (MB) dye) along with total organic carbon (TOC) analysis. The PEG-ZnO (dose 200 mg l−1) was found to be an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of MB dye. The degradation reaction exhibits pseudo-first-order kinetics. Additionally, TOC removal was monitored, elucidating almost complete mineralization.","PeriodicalId":12652,"journal":{"name":"Functional Composites and Structures","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61184496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1088/2631-6331/acc9fb
Hassan Abubakar Adamu, B. Samuel, Abutu Joseph, Samuel Samuel Okon, Iliyasu Idris Kirim
High-performance materials, systems, and processes have necessitated the exploration of very high-temperature environments. Materials, particularly ceramics, which can withstand these high temperatures, have been extensively studied, even though enough emphasis has not been given to clays sourced locally in Nigeria, where there is an abundance. Also, stochastic optimization techniques has been employed to improve on system or carry out experimentation with minimal spend of resources and very high accuracy. This work extensively explored the refractory properties of blends developed from locally sourced clays (Mayo Ndaga and kachalla Sembe and Kona). The Taguchi optimization technique was employed to determine the effect of various quantities of the clays on the loss on ignition (LOI), refractoriness (RF), and firing shrinkage (FS) of the blends. It was discovered that the optimum (lowest) LOI, highest RF, and lowest FS were 11%, 1333 °C, and 0.48%, respectively. Analysis of variance also proved the significance of Mayo Ndaga on the RF and FS of the blends, with P-values of 0.038 and 0.000 at a 95% confidence level.
{"title":"Production and optimization of the refractory properties of blended Nigerian clay for high-temperature application; a non-stochastic optimization approach","authors":"Hassan Abubakar Adamu, B. Samuel, Abutu Joseph, Samuel Samuel Okon, Iliyasu Idris Kirim","doi":"10.1088/2631-6331/acc9fb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-6331/acc9fb","url":null,"abstract":"High-performance materials, systems, and processes have necessitated the exploration of very high-temperature environments. Materials, particularly ceramics, which can withstand these high temperatures, have been extensively studied, even though enough emphasis has not been given to clays sourced locally in Nigeria, where there is an abundance. Also, stochastic optimization techniques has been employed to improve on system or carry out experimentation with minimal spend of resources and very high accuracy. This work extensively explored the refractory properties of blends developed from locally sourced clays (Mayo Ndaga and kachalla Sembe and Kona). The Taguchi optimization technique was employed to determine the effect of various quantities of the clays on the loss on ignition (LOI), refractoriness (RF), and firing shrinkage (FS) of the blends. It was discovered that the optimum (lowest) LOI, highest RF, and lowest FS were 11%, 1333 °C, and 0.48%, respectively. Analysis of variance also proved the significance of Mayo Ndaga on the RF and FS of the blends, with P-values of 0.038 and 0.000 at a 95% confidence level.","PeriodicalId":12652,"journal":{"name":"Functional Composites and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44953877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-02DOI: 10.1088/2631-6331/acc0cf
Chae-Hwan Kim, Hyun-Young Kim, Jun-Ho Kim, Jaehwan Kim
Auxetic structures with negative Poisson’s ratio have received much attention due to their attractive behavioral properties in next-generation metamaterials and robotic applications. However, until now, there has been a lack of research into using soft materials to reliably develop a largely-deformable auxetic structures. Here, we develop soft polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-Ecoflex auxetic structures using a 3D printing technique, leading to high fabrication reliability and repeatability. Water-soluble filaments are employed to design sacrificial mold structures that quickly dissolve in warm water. By measuring the mechanical properties and light transmittance of soft composite membranes with various mixing ratios of PDMS and Ecoflex, the intrinsic characteristics of the composite membranes are determined. The newly fabricated soft auxetic structures composed of PDMS and Ecoflex composites always exhibit negative Poisson’s ratio during stretching. The negative Poisson’s ratio of the structure is maximized when PDMS and Ecoflex have a 2:1 mixing ratio and nominal strain is less than 5%. Advances in technology to reliably fabricate soft auxetic structures using 3D printers are believed to promote next-generation applications such as wearable sensors and energy-absorbing structures.
{"title":"3D printing-based soft auxetic structures using PDMS-Ecoflex Hybrid","authors":"Chae-Hwan Kim, Hyun-Young Kim, Jun-Ho Kim, Jaehwan Kim","doi":"10.1088/2631-6331/acc0cf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-6331/acc0cf","url":null,"abstract":"Auxetic structures with negative Poisson’s ratio have received much attention due to their attractive behavioral properties in next-generation metamaterials and robotic applications. However, until now, there has been a lack of research into using soft materials to reliably develop a largely-deformable auxetic structures. Here, we develop soft polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-Ecoflex auxetic structures using a 3D printing technique, leading to high fabrication reliability and repeatability. Water-soluble filaments are employed to design sacrificial mold structures that quickly dissolve in warm water. By measuring the mechanical properties and light transmittance of soft composite membranes with various mixing ratios of PDMS and Ecoflex, the intrinsic characteristics of the composite membranes are determined. The newly fabricated soft auxetic structures composed of PDMS and Ecoflex composites always exhibit negative Poisson’s ratio during stretching. The negative Poisson’s ratio of the structure is maximized when PDMS and Ecoflex have a 2:1 mixing ratio and nominal strain is less than 5%. Advances in technology to reliably fabricate soft auxetic structures using 3D printers are believed to promote next-generation applications such as wearable sensors and energy-absorbing structures.","PeriodicalId":12652,"journal":{"name":"Functional Composites and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48575076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1088/2631-6331/acc3d5
S. Gowthaman
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation continues to be one of the most advanced tools in a wide range of fields and applications. The motion of atoms or molecules at various temperatures and pressures was analysed and visualised using the MD simulation through large-scale atomic/molecular massively parallel simulator (LAMMPS). This research focuses on a basic introduction to MD, as well as their determination and MD methods. LAMMPS works with a variety of external packages to determine the position of atoms and molecules over time. As the simulation has various procedures such as algorithm to step processing and results, the developers of MD are constantly pushing for the reduction of pre-steps. This classifies the performance competence that should be approached for increased portability of performance on a programmatic level, a key to implementing the solution for various problems that would come from inventors and possibly new research in programming languages.
{"title":"A review on mechanical and material characterisation through molecular dynamics using large-scale atomic/molecular massively parallel simulator (LAMMPS)","authors":"S. Gowthaman","doi":"10.1088/2631-6331/acc3d5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-6331/acc3d5","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation continues to be one of the most advanced tools in a wide range of fields and applications. The motion of atoms or molecules at various temperatures and pressures was analysed and visualised using the MD simulation through large-scale atomic/molecular massively parallel simulator (LAMMPS). This research focuses on a basic introduction to MD, as well as their determination and MD methods. LAMMPS works with a variety of external packages to determine the position of atoms and molecules over time. As the simulation has various procedures such as algorithm to step processing and results, the developers of MD are constantly pushing for the reduction of pre-steps. This classifies the performance competence that should be approached for increased portability of performance on a programmatic level, a key to implementing the solution for various problems that would come from inventors and possibly new research in programming languages.","PeriodicalId":12652,"journal":{"name":"Functional Composites and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48269155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-27DOI: 10.1088/2631-6331/acbf9d
Nurhan Çevik Elen, Musa Yıldırım, Y. Kanbur
In this study, green composites are prepared with 30 wt.% hemp fibers reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) to enhance the impact and tribological properties. Different surface treatments of alkali and silane, compatibilizer of maleic anhydride (MA), and blends of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and poly (butylene succinate) were applied to improve interfacial adhesion between fibers and matrix. Hemp-reinforced PLA bio-composites were fabricated and characterized by hardness, impact strength, wear, and friction properties. The tribological tests of the injection-molded components were performed under two different loads (10 N and 20 N) as dry-sliding linearly reciprocating motion per ASTM G133. Modified composites gave better tribological properties than unmodified composites. While no remarkable improvement was observed in the hardness value of untreated fiber-reinforced composite, alkali-treated composite reached up to 43% improvement in hardness value. In general, as the load increased, weight loss increase was observed in all composites. Unmodified bio-composite exhibited a very low weight loss and specific wear rate (SWR) compared to neat PLA under 10 N load. The SWR of the MA bio-composite had the lowest value for both loads (10 N and 20 N) compared to the other bio-samples. The TPU blended bio-composite exhibited the highest impact strength (22.96 kJ m−2) after pure PLA (26.5 kJ m−2). Therefore, due to surface treatments and blends applied to the fibers, some composites’ hardness and wear resistance were increased while the impact strength and friction coefficient was decreased. Especially silane surface treatment and MA compatibilizer application increased the wear resistance of composites. When the scanning electron microscope images were examined, it was revealed that the fiber and matrix interface bonding was good, and the fibers were firmly embedded in the matrix. Furthermore, forming a protective thin film layer formed by the polymer debris from the surface during dry-sliding increased the wear performance of the bio-composites.
{"title":"Tribological properties of hemp fiber reinforced polylactic acid bio-composites: effect of different types of modification methods","authors":"Nurhan Çevik Elen, Musa Yıldırım, Y. Kanbur","doi":"10.1088/2631-6331/acbf9d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-6331/acbf9d","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, green composites are prepared with 30 wt.% hemp fibers reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) to enhance the impact and tribological properties. Different surface treatments of alkali and silane, compatibilizer of maleic anhydride (MA), and blends of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and poly (butylene succinate) were applied to improve interfacial adhesion between fibers and matrix. Hemp-reinforced PLA bio-composites were fabricated and characterized by hardness, impact strength, wear, and friction properties. The tribological tests of the injection-molded components were performed under two different loads (10 N and 20 N) as dry-sliding linearly reciprocating motion per ASTM G133. Modified composites gave better tribological properties than unmodified composites. While no remarkable improvement was observed in the hardness value of untreated fiber-reinforced composite, alkali-treated composite reached up to 43% improvement in hardness value. In general, as the load increased, weight loss increase was observed in all composites. Unmodified bio-composite exhibited a very low weight loss and specific wear rate (SWR) compared to neat PLA under 10 N load. The SWR of the MA bio-composite had the lowest value for both loads (10 N and 20 N) compared to the other bio-samples. The TPU blended bio-composite exhibited the highest impact strength (22.96 kJ m−2) after pure PLA (26.5 kJ m−2). Therefore, due to surface treatments and blends applied to the fibers, some composites’ hardness and wear resistance were increased while the impact strength and friction coefficient was decreased. Especially silane surface treatment and MA compatibilizer application increased the wear resistance of composites. When the scanning electron microscope images were examined, it was revealed that the fiber and matrix interface bonding was good, and the fibers were firmly embedded in the matrix. Furthermore, forming a protective thin film layer formed by the polymer debris from the surface during dry-sliding increased the wear performance of the bio-composites.","PeriodicalId":12652,"journal":{"name":"Functional Composites and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45521023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-19DOI: 10.1088/2631-6331/acbd28
Mohammadreza Permoon, T. Farsadi, A. Askarian
In this paper, natural frequencies and loss factors of cylindrical sandwich shells composed of the viscoelastic core layer, surrounded by functionally graded graphene-platelet reinforced polymer composite (FG-GPLRPC) and ceramic/metal (FG-ceramic/metal) are investigated. The viscoelastic layer is modeled via the fourth parameter fractional viscoelastic pattern, and the functionally graded ceramic/metal layer is theoretically modeled using a power-law function. The uniform, symmetric and un-symmetric patterns are considered for simulating the graphene platelet (GPL) nanofillers distributions along with the thickness direction. The classical shell theory is used for functionally graded layers and properties of the effective materials of GPLRPC multilayers are determined by using a modified Halpin–Tsai micromechanics model and the rule of mixture. The governing equations of motion are extracted by applying the Lagrange equation and the Rayleigh-Ritz method. The determinant of the coefficient matrix of the characteristic equation is calculated, and the natural frequencies and loss factors of the system are extracted. A study of the interactions of materials and geometrical factors such as the ratio of radius to length, the properties of functionally graded materials, and GPL weight fractions for patterns of proposed distributions are presented and some conclusions have been formed.
{"title":"Vibration analysis of sandwich cylindrical shells made of graphene platelet polymer–viscoelastic–ceramic/metal FG layers","authors":"Mohammadreza Permoon, T. Farsadi, A. Askarian","doi":"10.1088/2631-6331/acbd28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-6331/acbd28","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, natural frequencies and loss factors of cylindrical sandwich shells composed of the viscoelastic core layer, surrounded by functionally graded graphene-platelet reinforced polymer composite (FG-GPLRPC) and ceramic/metal (FG-ceramic/metal) are investigated. The viscoelastic layer is modeled via the fourth parameter fractional viscoelastic pattern, and the functionally graded ceramic/metal layer is theoretically modeled using a power-law function. The uniform, symmetric and un-symmetric patterns are considered for simulating the graphene platelet (GPL) nanofillers distributions along with the thickness direction. The classical shell theory is used for functionally graded layers and properties of the effective materials of GPLRPC multilayers are determined by using a modified Halpin–Tsai micromechanics model and the rule of mixture. The governing equations of motion are extracted by applying the Lagrange equation and the Rayleigh-Ritz method. The determinant of the coefficient matrix of the characteristic equation is calculated, and the natural frequencies and loss factors of the system are extracted. A study of the interactions of materials and geometrical factors such as the ratio of radius to length, the properties of functionally graded materials, and GPL weight fractions for patterns of proposed distributions are presented and some conclusions have been formed.","PeriodicalId":12652,"journal":{"name":"Functional Composites and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44847655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-15DOI: 10.1088/2631-6331/acbc64
Anna Cecília do Nascimento Pereira, Silvia Titotto
Biomimetics enables the use of nature as a source of inspiration for the elaboration of high-performance materials. In this scenario, the development of bioinspired composites emerges as a promising proposal, capable of generating technological innovation in numerous areas of engineering, considering the exceptional mechanical performance of materials of this kind. That said, this review article characterizes the design principles and fundamental parameters for bioinspired composites design. In addition, the main challenges to be overcome in the development of bioinspired materials are discussed, with the presentation of some experimental studies that lead to the practical application of such principles. Future applications for this class of materials are also highlighted.
{"title":"Bioinspired composites: nature’s guidance for advanced materials future","authors":"Anna Cecília do Nascimento Pereira, Silvia Titotto","doi":"10.1088/2631-6331/acbc64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-6331/acbc64","url":null,"abstract":"Biomimetics enables the use of nature as a source of inspiration for the elaboration of high-performance materials. In this scenario, the development of bioinspired composites emerges as a promising proposal, capable of generating technological innovation in numerous areas of engineering, considering the exceptional mechanical performance of materials of this kind. That said, this review article characterizes the design principles and fundamental parameters for bioinspired composites design. In addition, the main challenges to be overcome in the development of bioinspired materials are discussed, with the presentation of some experimental studies that lead to the practical application of such principles. Future applications for this class of materials are also highlighted.","PeriodicalId":12652,"journal":{"name":"Functional Composites and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48071685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-02DOI: 10.1088/2631-6331/acb890
Rezvan Hosseini, M. Y. Tooski, A. R. Khorshidvand, Seyed Mehdi Khorsandijou
This study examined the effect of carbon nanofiber (CNF) on the buckling behavior of sandwich beams under axial compressive load. Three different configurations of sandwich beams consisting of composite skins with different arrangement of layers and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) foam core were considered. Each composite skin is made of four layers reinforced with different materials consisting of Innegra, carbon and Innegra/carbon (hybrid) and epoxy resin modified by CNF. Because of the difference in the thickness of the samples, the specific critical load parameter (the ratio of the critical buckling load to the thickness of the structure) was used to compare the buckling behavior of sandwich beams. The experimental test results indicated that carbon fiber as a stiffening interface in hybrid samples improved the specific critical load compared to Innegra samples. Also, the addition of 0.3 wt%-CNF increases the specific critical load, while the further increase of CNF led to the decrease of the specific critical loads, which is the main cause of weak interfacial stress between CNF and epoxy resin. In addition, the effect of different percentages of CNF and types of fibers on the increase in toughness and damage mechanisms were investigated.
{"title":"Buckling behavior of fiber reinforced Innegra sandwich beams incorporating carbon nanofiber","authors":"Rezvan Hosseini, M. Y. Tooski, A. R. Khorshidvand, Seyed Mehdi Khorsandijou","doi":"10.1088/2631-6331/acb890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-6331/acb890","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the effect of carbon nanofiber (CNF) on the buckling behavior of sandwich beams under axial compressive load. Three different configurations of sandwich beams consisting of composite skins with different arrangement of layers and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) foam core were considered. Each composite skin is made of four layers reinforced with different materials consisting of Innegra, carbon and Innegra/carbon (hybrid) and epoxy resin modified by CNF. Because of the difference in the thickness of the samples, the specific critical load parameter (the ratio of the critical buckling load to the thickness of the structure) was used to compare the buckling behavior of sandwich beams. The experimental test results indicated that carbon fiber as a stiffening interface in hybrid samples improved the specific critical load compared to Innegra samples. Also, the addition of 0.3 wt%-CNF increases the specific critical load, while the further increase of CNF led to the decrease of the specific critical loads, which is the main cause of weak interfacial stress between CNF and epoxy resin. In addition, the effect of different percentages of CNF and types of fibers on the increase in toughness and damage mechanisms were investigated.","PeriodicalId":12652,"journal":{"name":"Functional Composites and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46073204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-02DOI: 10.1088/2631-6331/acb88f
M. Tavakol, Mahdi Yarmohammad Tooski, M. Jabbari, M. Javadi
The effect of graphene nanoparticles on the strength of a sandwich panel structure based on foam core, which is inspired by the microstructure characteristics of dragonfly wings, has been investigated experimentally and numerically under low-velocity impact. Sandwich panel structures are made of E-glass/epoxy layers, and different percentages of graphene nanoparticles and combined with their resin. Also, polyurethane foam was used for its central core. For numerical modeling, a nonlinear progressive damage model of composite and nano-composite shells is incorporated into the finite element (FE) code by VUMAT subroutine. The numerical results were compared with the collected experimental data and it shows that there is a good compatibility between them. To check the damage in the structures, the images of the cut view of the samples were taken from the damaged area, and the results were reported. In order to evaluate the distribution of graphene nanoparticles in the polymer structure, the manufactured samples were analyzed using the FE-scanning electron microscopy analysis device. It was concluded that this type of sandwich structure inspired by dragonfly wings can limit damage propagation and keep the rest of the structure healthy under low-velocity impact.
{"title":"Experimental and numerical investigation of the effect of graphene nanoparticles on the strength of sandwich structures under low-velocity impact","authors":"M. Tavakol, Mahdi Yarmohammad Tooski, M. Jabbari, M. Javadi","doi":"10.1088/2631-6331/acb88f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-6331/acb88f","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of graphene nanoparticles on the strength of a sandwich panel structure based on foam core, which is inspired by the microstructure characteristics of dragonfly wings, has been investigated experimentally and numerically under low-velocity impact. Sandwich panel structures are made of E-glass/epoxy layers, and different percentages of graphene nanoparticles and combined with their resin. Also, polyurethane foam was used for its central core. For numerical modeling, a nonlinear progressive damage model of composite and nano-composite shells is incorporated into the finite element (FE) code by VUMAT subroutine. The numerical results were compared with the collected experimental data and it shows that there is a good compatibility between them. To check the damage in the structures, the images of the cut view of the samples were taken from the damaged area, and the results were reported. In order to evaluate the distribution of graphene nanoparticles in the polymer structure, the manufactured samples were analyzed using the FE-scanning electron microscopy analysis device. It was concluded that this type of sandwich structure inspired by dragonfly wings can limit damage propagation and keep the rest of the structure healthy under low-velocity impact.","PeriodicalId":12652,"journal":{"name":"Functional Composites and Structures","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47084884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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