Fukuoka igaku zasshi = Hukuoka acta medica最新文献

We examined the bone mineral density in Yusho patients. 460 subjects underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry bone scans as part of the nationwide Yusho health examination in 2011. Serum levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and non-ortho polychlorinated biphenyls were measured using high-resolution gas chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The average age was 64.0 years in women and 63.4 in men. About one-third (35%) of women (n = 89) had low bone mineral density (BMD), defined as a T-score less than 70, while only 4.9% of men (n = 10) had low BMD. Serum levels of several congeners were positively associated with Z-scores in simple regression analysis. Further multivariate linear regression analysis should be required in the future.

Yusho patients had many symptoms, and mouth dryness was one of the important oral symptoms. Presently, some Yusho patients complain of mouth dryness. In the present study, we measured mouth dryness by using an oral moisture checking device and examined metabolites of saliva by using metabolome analysis. We found no difference between Yusho patients and controls in terms of mouth dryness. Concerning metabolomes of saliva, there were some metabolites in Yusho patients that were not in controls.

The effect of cynaropicrin that is the major component of an edible plant, artichoke (Cynara scolymus) on 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (PenCDF)-induced toxicity in mice was studied. We evaluated the effect of cynaropicrin on the wasting syndrome and oxidative stress elicited by PenCDF. However, the PenCDF dose-response relationship on the wasting syndrome has been superficial. Therefore, we determined the dose which causes wasting syndrome in C57BL/6J mice, a responsive strain to dioxins. Since 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (0.1 mg/kg, p.o.) induces hepatic ethoxyresorfin O-deethylase (EROD) activity in mice, we set the doses of PenCDF at 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 10 mg/kg (once, p.o.) on the basis of its toxic-eqivalency factor (0.3). The wasting syndrome was evaluated by measuring the daily changes of body weight. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were used as an index of oxidative stress. Of PenCDF doses examined, wasting syndrome and oxidative stress took place most markedly in 5 mg/kg. In disagreement with this, EROD activity which is the marker of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent induction of cytochrome P450 1a1 was elevated most abundantly at 0.3 mg/kg. Then, we examined the effect of cynaropicrin on the wasting syndrome and oxidative stress provoked by PenCDF at 5 mg/kg. However, this compound up to 20 mg/kg (p.o.) did not attenuate PenCDF-induced wasting syndrome. On the contray, PenCDF-induced oxidateive stress was suppressed by cynaropicrin at the highest dose (20 mg/kg), although EROD activity was increased rather than reduced by cynaropicrin at lower doses. Thus, it is suggested that cynaropicrin has an ability to reduce oxidative stress caused by PenCDF.

We experienced an extremely rare case of gastric hyperplastic polyp with xanthoma. A 73-year-old Japanese man was transferred to our hospital from a referral hospital for further evaluation of a pedunculated gastric polyp and early gastric cancer. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) revealed a yellow-whitish pedunculated polyp arising from the anterior wall of the fornix. Magnification narrow-band imaging (NBI) endoscopy revealed extended and tortuous microcapillaries and a swollen interfoveolar pattern on the polyp's surface, but there was no sign of malignancy. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) revealed an irregularity of the first layer and a thickened second layer. The third layer was intact. A hyperechoic area was seen in the thickened second layer. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early carcinoma of the antrum and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for a polyp in the fornix were performed in one session. Histological examination of the specimen of the fornix polyp revealed lengthened, branched and dilatated gastric foveolae and a tight sheet of foamy histiocytes in the stroma. The background mucosa of the polyp was atrophic. The pathologic evidence was gastric hyperplastic polyp with proliferation of xanthoma. The early cancer of the antrum was intramucosal tubular adenocarcinoma and was resected curatively.

Miso is a traditional Japanese food that is made from fermented soybeans, and it can attenuate salt-induced hypertension in salt-sensitive hypertensive rats. We also recently demonstrated that regular miso intake inhibits salt-sensitive sympathoexcitation in mice with pressure overload (CPO). In this context, sympathoexcitation contributes to the pathogenesis of hypertension, including salt-sensitive hypertension. Therefore, we hypothesized that miso might be able to improve sympathovagal imbalance, thereby attenuating salt-induced hypertension. We first treated mice with an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of miso supernatant that was suspended in a 0.28 M sodium solution. Five hours after the miso injection, the mice's systolic blood pressure and heart rate had decreased, with a lower ratio of low frequency (LF) to high frequency (HF) power of heart rate variability. However, an IP injection of high-sodium saline solution (0.28 M sodium) alone had no effects on these parameters. To evaluate the effects of miso on sodium sensitivity in CPO-mice, we also performed aortic banding. At 4 weeks after the surgery, the mice received an IP injection of miso supernatant or high-sodium saline. The ratio of LF/HF increased after the high-sodium saline injection, although not after the miso injection, which indicated that miso inhibited the enhanced sodium sensitivity for sympathetic activity in CPO-mice. We also pre-treated CPO-mice with an intracerebroventricular infusion of miso supernatant to evaluate its effect on increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sodium-induced hypertension. Diluted miso supernatant (in a 0.14 M sodium solution) attenuated the increased CSF sodium-induced hypertension, although pre-treatment with normal-sodium (0.14 M) saline failed to change the hypertension. These results suggest that miso acts on the brain to sway the sympathovagal balance towards a parasympathetic nerve dominant state, and to attenuate the brain sodium sensitivity for sympathoexcitation in CPO-mice.

Background: Bariatric surgical procedures are becoming a standard treatment for morbid obesity in many western countries and in some Asian countries.

Aim: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the initial 30 cases of bariatric surgical procedures performed for morbid obesity at a single institution in Japan.

Materials and methods: From March 2012 until September 2014, 30 bariatric surgical procedures were performed for morbid obesity at a single medical center (Kyushu University Hospital) in Japan.

Results: All of the operations procedures were planned laparoscopic procedures, and none required conversion to laparotomy. There were no perioperative or postoperative mortalities. Postoperative complications occurred in 3 patients: 1 patient developed an intra-abdominal abscess, 1 patient experienced temporary food intolerance, and 1 patient developed small bowel obstruction. The excessive body weight reduction rates after surgery at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year post-surgery were 26.1%, 39.2%, 41.7%, and 51.2%, respectively. The mean body mass index (BMI) at the same time points were 38.3%, 36.4%, 35.5%, and 31.4%, respectively. Eighteen patients had type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The mean preoperative fasting blood glucose levels were 169 ± 37 mg/dL. Following surgery, the blood glucose levels at 3, 6 and 12 months were 113 ± 12, 115 ± 22, and 110 ± 19, mg/dL, respectively. The preoperative HbA1c percentage was 7.9 ± 0.5. Following surgery, the HbA1c percentages at 3, 6, and 12 months were 6.9 ± 0.5, 6.2 ± 0.9, and 5.9 ± 0.6, respectively.

Conclusions: Bariatric surgical procedures are effective and safe for the treatment of morbid obesity. Our results indicate that the mechanism of improvement of diabetes and related diseases following bariatric surgical procedures is not simply as a result of calorie restriction and weight reduction.