Miki Umeki, Fumiko Ando, T. Iwahashi, Hideki Hokazono, Kei Hayashi, T. Omori, S. Mochizuki
We investigated that effects of fermented barley fiber (FBF) prepared from barley shochu lees, which was produced in manufacturing barley shochu, on lipid metabolism in rats. FBF contains about 50% of dietary fiber. The components of dietary fiber were hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin. Rats were fed on a relatively high-fat diet which contains 10% of lard, and 5% or 10% of FBF. FBF did not affect the levels of serum lipids. However, the concentrations of total lipids, triacylglycerol, and cholesterol in the liver were decreased by fed a FBF-containing diet. In another experiment, we fed a diet containing 20% of FBF with 1 % of orotic acid to rats. FBF prevented the accumulation of lipids in the liver and normalized the levels of serum lipids induced by orotic acid. From these results FBF was considered to possess the improvement effects on the accumulation of lipids in the liver.
{"title":"Effect of Fermented Barley Fiber on Accumulation of Liver Lipids in Rats","authors":"Miki Umeki, Fumiko Ando, T. Iwahashi, Hideki Hokazono, Kei Hayashi, T. Omori, S. Mochizuki","doi":"10.11217/JJDF1997.7.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11217/JJDF1997.7.81","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated that effects of fermented barley fiber (FBF) prepared from barley shochu lees, which was produced in manufacturing barley shochu, on lipid metabolism in rats. FBF contains about 50% of dietary fiber. The components of dietary fiber were hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin. Rats were fed on a relatively high-fat diet which contains 10% of lard, and 5% or 10% of FBF. FBF did not affect the levels of serum lipids. However, the concentrations of total lipids, triacylglycerol, and cholesterol in the liver were decreased by fed a FBF-containing diet. In another experiment, we fed a diet containing 20% of FBF with 1 % of orotic acid to rats. FBF prevented the accumulation of lipids in the liver and normalized the levels of serum lipids induced by orotic acid. From these results FBF was considered to possess the improvement effects on the accumulation of lipids in the liver.","PeriodicalId":126933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japanese Association for Dietary Fiber Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126964381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rats have an enlarged cecum to be considered as an adaptive structure to variable food quality. The cecum plays an important role to utilize indigestible and fermentable food materials in the rat. Cecectomy results in faster transit of digesta connecting lower digestibilities of food components in the rat. The response of the transit and retention of digesta to the feeding of indigestible food materials is similar to that in human, where the inverse response is often recognized in normal rats, suggesting that cecectomized rats are useful in the study concerning digesta movement in the gut. Some of nutritional and physiological effects of dietary fiber and fermentable food components are extinguished by cecectomy. Some inverse results are obtained in the rats with or without cecum in the nutritional and physiological studies. Fermentation in the large gut is modified largely by cecectomy. Although the cecectomized rat has some possibilities as a useful experimental animal, there is a limitation to use the cecectomized rat as an experimental animal in the study of the function of fermentable food materials. Further comparative studies are needed in the functions of the digestive tract between human and the cecectomized rat for the strict qualification of the usefulness in human nutrition studies.
{"title":"Significance of Cecectomized Rats in Nutritional Studies","authors":"E. Sakaguchi","doi":"10.11217/JJDF1997.7.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11217/JJDF1997.7.1","url":null,"abstract":"Rats have an enlarged cecum to be considered as an adaptive structure to variable food quality. The cecum plays an important role to utilize indigestible and fermentable food materials in the rat. Cecectomy results in faster transit of digesta connecting lower digestibilities of food components in the rat. The response of the transit and retention of digesta to the feeding of indigestible food materials is similar to that in human, where the inverse response is often recognized in normal rats, suggesting that cecectomized rats are useful in the study concerning digesta movement in the gut. Some of nutritional and physiological effects of dietary fiber and fermentable food components are extinguished by cecectomy. Some inverse results are obtained in the rats with or without cecum in the nutritional and physiological studies. Fermentation in the large gut is modified largely by cecectomy. Although the cecectomized rat has some possibilities as a useful experimental animal, there is a limitation to use the cecectomized rat as an experimental animal in the study of the function of fermentable food materials. Further comparative studies are needed in the functions of the digestive tract between human and the cecectomized rat for the strict qualification of the usefulness in human nutrition studies.","PeriodicalId":126933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japanese Association for Dietary Fiber Research","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128125956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Aoe, Y. Itagaki, Fumi Hatamoto, K. Ishii, Taishi Oda, Yutaka Suzuki, Y. Toba, T. Fujita, S. Kinoshita, T. Uchida, Isao Takehara, A. Kondo
given the test oatmeal cookies containing oatmeal at 30 g/4 pieces, and group C was given the same cookies containing oatmeal at 45 g/4 pieces, once a day for 12 weeks, respectively. These results were as follows: The serum total cholesterol level for the group C with boundary hypercholesterolemia decreased with a significant difference in comparison with the groups of A and C (p<0.05). There were no abnormal hematological changes , no abnormal level of physiochemical substances in blood, and clinical changes which were indicated any adverse reactions in the groups
{"title":"Effect of Oatmeal cookies supplementation on serum cholesterol levels in Japanese men with boundary and mild hypercholesterolemia: Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety","authors":"S. Aoe, Y. Itagaki, Fumi Hatamoto, K. Ishii, Taishi Oda, Yutaka Suzuki, Y. Toba, T. Fujita, S. Kinoshita, T. Uchida, Isao Takehara, A. Kondo","doi":"10.11217/JJDF1997.7.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11217/JJDF1997.7.26","url":null,"abstract":"given the test oatmeal cookies containing oatmeal at 30 g/4 pieces, and group C was given the same cookies containing oatmeal at 45 g/4 pieces, once a day for 12 weeks, respectively. These results were as follows: The serum total cholesterol level for the group C with boundary hypercholesterolemia decreased with a significant difference in comparison with the groups of A and C (p<0.05). There were no abnormal hematological changes , no abnormal level of physiochemical substances in blood, and clinical changes which were indicated any adverse reactions in the groups","PeriodicalId":126933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japanese Association for Dietary Fiber Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127485313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mizuho Taniguti, Risa Aiuchi, J. Niwa, M. Yamamori, S. Fujita
We determined the resistant starch (RS) content of high amylose wheat (HAW) which was recently crossbred in Japan. By the crossbreeding, the endosperm starch content of HAW was decreased about 20% in comparison with that of normal wheat. HAW contained 1.3% of RS in the starch, and the content was six times higher than that of normal wheat starch. After heat-moisture treatment the RS content of normal wheat and HAW starch were 0.5 and 2.7%, respectively. The RS content of HAW was doubled of untreated one. In case of corn starch after heat-moisture treatment, the RS content of two type of high amylose corn, HAC and A632 increased to 26.2% and 2.7%, respectively. The RS of normal corn starch was scarcely contained. From the results, the heat-moisture treatment may be able to increase the RS content of wheat, although the treatment of wheat starch was not effective as that of corn starch.
{"title":"Contents and Heat-moisture Treatment Effect of Resistant Starch in High Amylose Wheat Starch","authors":"Mizuho Taniguti, Risa Aiuchi, J. Niwa, M. Yamamori, S. Fujita","doi":"10.11217/JJDF1997.7.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11217/JJDF1997.7.20","url":null,"abstract":"We determined the resistant starch (RS) content of high amylose wheat (HAW) which was recently crossbred in Japan. By the crossbreeding, the endosperm starch content of HAW was decreased about 20% in comparison with that of normal wheat. HAW contained 1.3% of RS in the starch, and the content was six times higher than that of normal wheat starch. After heat-moisture treatment the RS content of normal wheat and HAW starch were 0.5 and 2.7%, respectively. The RS content of HAW was doubled of untreated one. In case of corn starch after heat-moisture treatment, the RS content of two type of high amylose corn, HAC and A632 increased to 26.2% and 2.7%, respectively. The RS of normal corn starch was scarcely contained. From the results, the heat-moisture treatment may be able to increase the RS content of wheat, although the treatment of wheat starch was not effective as that of corn starch.","PeriodicalId":126933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japanese Association for Dietary Fiber Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126399037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In vitro the Antioxidant Activity of Lignophenol from Beech (Fagus crenata Blume) and Hinoki (Cryptomeria japonica D.Don)","authors":"Shuzo Fujita, Eriko Ohmae, M. Funaoka","doi":"10.11217/JJDF1997.7.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11217/JJDF1997.7.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":126933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japanese Association for Dietary Fiber Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116074850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Matsuike, Yasumoto Suzuki, H. Nozawa, H. Nishino, M. Matsushima, Y. Mori
Effects of Polydextrose on Habitual Constipation with Melanosis Coli Tsuneo MATSUIKE1, Yasumoto SUZUKI1 , Hiroshi NOZAWA1, Haruo NISHINO1, Makoto MATSUSHIMA1 , and Yutaka MORI2 1 Coro-proctlogy center, Matsushima Hospital , 2 National Higashi-Utsunomiya Hospital Polydextrose has been reported to promote bowel elimination . The clinical efficacy of polydextrose administered at a daily dose of 7g for 30 days was examined in 23 patients with habitual constipation and melanosis coli found by total colonoscopy. After the start of treatment with polydextrose , 13(56.5%) of the 23 patients noted improvement in constipation (dyschezia). The stool consisitency of stools improved in 17 (85 .0%) of 20 patients having had hard stools . The frequency of defecation increased in 13 (81 .3%) of 16 patients who of fecal properties . After the use of polydextrose for 30 days, the effects of polydextrose was noted in 20(87 .0%) of the 23 patients in total as (1) improvement in constipation, (2) increased frequency of defecation , (3) softened the stool consisitency, (4) improvement in other bowel symptoms , or (5) reduced laxative dose, or two or more of those. These results indicated a clinical effects of polydextrose for the treatment of habitual constipation in patients with melanosis coli .
{"title":"Effects of Polydextrose on Habitual Constipation with Melanosis Coli","authors":"T. Matsuike, Yasumoto Suzuki, H. Nozawa, H. Nishino, M. Matsushima, Y. Mori","doi":"10.11217/JJDF1997.6.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11217/JJDF1997.6.55","url":null,"abstract":"Effects of Polydextrose on Habitual Constipation with Melanosis Coli Tsuneo MATSUIKE1, Yasumoto SUZUKI1 , Hiroshi NOZAWA1, Haruo NISHINO1, Makoto MATSUSHIMA1 , and Yutaka MORI2 1 Coro-proctlogy center, Matsushima Hospital , 2 National Higashi-Utsunomiya Hospital Polydextrose has been reported to promote bowel elimination . The clinical efficacy of polydextrose administered at a daily dose of 7g for 30 days was examined in 23 patients with habitual constipation and melanosis coli found by total colonoscopy. After the start of treatment with polydextrose , 13(56.5%) of the 23 patients noted improvement in constipation (dyschezia). The stool consisitency of stools improved in 17 (85 .0%) of 20 patients having had hard stools . The frequency of defecation increased in 13 (81 .3%) of 16 patients who of fecal properties . After the use of polydextrose for 30 days, the effects of polydextrose was noted in 20(87 .0%) of the 23 patients in total as (1) improvement in constipation, (2) increased frequency of defecation , (3) softened the stool consisitency, (4) improvement in other bowel symptoms , or (5) reduced laxative dose, or two or more of those. These results indicated a clinical effects of polydextrose for the treatment of habitual constipation in patients with melanosis coli .","PeriodicalId":126933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japanese Association for Dietary Fiber Research","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116369929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food for specified health uses is permitted one by one, and the specific health effect has to be certainly based on the scientific evidences. These evidences must be based on the results from the experimental protocol and be gotten under several experimental regulations. It has not been clarified whether the result of specific health effects are replicated and applicable or not, in the case of availableness on usual life. Oligosaccharides and sugar alcohols have the beneficial health effects and are often used for the ingredients of the food for specified health uses. The aim of this study is to estimate the replicability of the effect on the improvement of fecal conditions, when galactosylsucrose-containing food for specified health uses is ingested on the usual life. The subjects of this study (51 females, age; 20.1•}2.1y.) have to ingest one package (48g, 12g•~4 pieces) of the cookies type of food for specified health uses containing 4g of
{"title":"Replicability of the effect of Galactosylsucrose-containing food for specified health uses on fecal improvement in the case of availableness on usual life","authors":"Sadako Nakamura, T. Oku","doi":"10.11217/JJDF1997.6.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11217/JJDF1997.6.73","url":null,"abstract":"Food for specified health uses is permitted one by one, and the specific health effect has to be certainly based on the scientific evidences. These evidences must be based on the results from the experimental protocol and be gotten under several experimental regulations. It has not been clarified whether the result of specific health effects are replicated and applicable or not, in the case of availableness on usual life. Oligosaccharides and sugar alcohols have the beneficial health effects and are often used for the ingredients of the food for specified health uses. The aim of this study is to estimate the replicability of the effect on the improvement of fecal conditions, when galactosylsucrose-containing food for specified health uses is ingested on the usual life. The subjects of this study (51 females, age; 20.1•}2.1y.) have to ingest one package (48g, 12g•~4 pieces) of the cookies type of food for specified health uses containing 4g of","PeriodicalId":126933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japanese Association for Dietary Fiber Research","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123954632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in intestinal flora are useful in maintaining good health. Recently, it has been reported that LAB act on the immune mechanism and increase the body's resistance to infection, cancer and allergy. In this paper, it was showed that oral administration of Bifidobacterium breve YIT4064 (B. breve) to mice activated the humoral immune system, augmented anti-rotavirus IgA production or anti-influenza virus (IFV) IgG production and protected against rotavirus infection or influenza infection, respectively. Furthermore, when the B. breve was given to infants, there was a significant reduction of the frequency of rotavirus shedding in stool samples during the administration of the bacteria. It was also found, again using mice, that oral administration of Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota (LcS) stimulated type 1 helper T (Th1) cells, activated the cellular immune system, inhibited incidences of tumors, influenza infection and IgE production. In the human study, it was demonstrated that oral administration of LcS into surgical operated patients suppressed the recurrence of superficial bladder cancer in a double-blind clinical trial. On the basis of both our data and the data of other authors, it was showed that some strains of Bi adobacterium and Lactobacillus had immunomodulatory activities and were able to protect against various diseases .
{"title":"Effects of intestinal microflora on host immune mechanism","authors":"H. Yasui","doi":"10.11217/JJDF1997.6.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11217/JJDF1997.6.41","url":null,"abstract":"Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in intestinal flora are useful in maintaining good health. Recently, it has been reported that LAB act on the immune mechanism and increase the body's resistance to infection, cancer and allergy. In this paper, it was showed that oral administration of Bifidobacterium breve YIT4064 (B. breve) to mice activated the humoral immune system, augmented anti-rotavirus IgA production or anti-influenza virus (IFV) IgG production and protected against rotavirus infection or influenza infection, respectively. Furthermore, when the B. breve was given to infants, there was a significant reduction of the frequency of rotavirus shedding in stool samples during the administration of the bacteria. It was also found, again using mice, that oral administration of Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota (LcS) stimulated type 1 helper T (Th1) cells, activated the cellular immune system, inhibited incidences of tumors, influenza infection and IgE production. In the human study, it was demonstrated that oral administration of LcS into surgical operated patients suppressed the recurrence of superficial bladder cancer in a double-blind clinical trial. On the basis of both our data and the data of other authors, it was showed that some strains of Bi adobacterium and Lactobacillus had immunomodulatory activities and were able to protect against various diseases .","PeriodicalId":126933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Japanese Association for Dietary Fiber Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126879717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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