Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855698
D. Kononov
The Russian electric utility industry is characterised by the forming trend of transition to market relations between electric power producers and consumers with application of methods for demand side management (DSM) of electric power. Large consumers of electric power include electric boiler plants (the capacity of some of them reaches 120 MW); water supply systems of towns (large electric motors for water pumping); main gas pipelines (electric drive at compressor stations); and lighting loads. Such consumers cause high peak loads. In some deficient power systems, they can exceed the available capacity of power plants. In this paper, the possibility of regulation of magnitude and regimes of energy consumption at these consumers is considered and the effect of such regulation is determined.
{"title":"Study of interrelations between electric power systems and large consumers in Russia","authors":"D. Kononov","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855698","url":null,"abstract":"The Russian electric utility industry is characterised by the forming trend of transition to market relations between electric power producers and consumers with application of methods for demand side management (DSM) of electric power. Large consumers of electric power include electric boiler plants (the capacity of some of them reaches 120 MW); water supply systems of towns (large electric motors for water pumping); main gas pipelines (electric drive at compressor stations); and lighting loads. Such consumers cause high peak loads. In some deficient power systems, they can exceed the available capacity of power plants. In this paper, the possibility of regulation of magnitude and regimes of energy consumption at these consumers is considered and the effect of such regulation is determined.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114214800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855668
K. Li, L. Lai, A. K. David
Recent restructuring of the power industries such as open access and deregulation have an impact on the reliability and security of power systems. New technologies for protection and control schemes are therefore necessary to be introduced in order to maintain the system reliability and security to an acceptable level. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques naturally become the best choice to improve the performance of the present system used. Most faults which have infeed sources from both ends of the line, especially earth faults with fault resistance, are very difficult to identify. This paper presents a novel approach that can overcome the above difficulties. The artificial neural network (ANN) is used to identify the fault location, as well as the fault resistance in a wide range of system conditions. The training of the ANN is relatively simple and fast. The predicated results from the ANN are proved to be accurate for a wide range of system conditions.
{"title":"Application of artificial neural network in fault location technique","authors":"K. Li, L. Lai, A. K. David","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855668","url":null,"abstract":"Recent restructuring of the power industries such as open access and deregulation have an impact on the reliability and security of power systems. New technologies for protection and control schemes are therefore necessary to be introduced in order to maintain the system reliability and security to an acceptable level. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques naturally become the best choice to improve the performance of the present system used. Most faults which have infeed sources from both ends of the line, especially earth faults with fault resistance, are very difficult to identify. This paper presents a novel approach that can overcome the above difficulties. The artificial neural network (ANN) is used to identify the fault location, as well as the fault resistance in a wide range of system conditions. The training of the ANN is relatively simple and fast. The predicated results from the ANN are proved to be accurate for a wide range of system conditions.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116053389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855642
K.D. Rodrigues, J. de Oliveira
This paper aims to present investigation results related to PWM-VSI frequency converters performance under nonideal voltage supply conditions. Besides computational analysis using a proper model in the Saber simulator, practical studies are also given. The later uses a commercial type of converter and a programmable power quality disturbances source. Using both the theoretical and practical way of considering different items of nonideal supply, different situations are simulated to estimate the equipment behavior. The paper focuses the characteristic and noncharacteristic harmonic spectrum generation for both the input current and the output voltage.
{"title":"Computational and experimental investigation of VSI-PWM frequency converter performance in the context of power quality","authors":"K.D. Rodrigues, J. de Oliveira","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855642","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to present investigation results related to PWM-VSI frequency converters performance under nonideal voltage supply conditions. Besides computational analysis using a proper model in the Saber simulator, practical studies are also given. The later uses a commercial type of converter and a programmable power quality disturbances source. Using both the theoretical and practical way of considering different items of nonideal supply, different situations are simulated to estimate the equipment behavior. The paper focuses the characteristic and noncharacteristic harmonic spectrum generation for both the input current and the output voltage.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"54 31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131377168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855708
D. Ruiz-Vega, D. Ernst, C. Ferreira, M. Pavella, P. Hirsch, D. Sobajic
A two-block technique is proposed for on-line contingency screening, ranking and assessment in transient stability studies. Its design relies on a hybrid direct-time-domain method called SIME. Basically, SIME assesses stability by transforming the multi-machine power system parameters into those of a one-machine infinite bus system, then by calling upon the equal-area criterion. Stability margins thus obtained are used to classify contingencies, select the "interesting" ones and, finally, rank and assess these latter. An 88-machine EPRI test system illustrates the technique and shows its ability to correctly handle the simulated contingencies, while complying with real-time computational requirements.
{"title":"A contingency filtering, ranking and assessment technique for on-line transient stability studies","authors":"D. Ruiz-Vega, D. Ernst, C. Ferreira, M. Pavella, P. Hirsch, D. Sobajic","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855708","url":null,"abstract":"A two-block technique is proposed for on-line contingency screening, ranking and assessment in transient stability studies. Its design relies on a hybrid direct-time-domain method called SIME. Basically, SIME assesses stability by transforming the multi-machine power system parameters into those of a one-machine infinite bus system, then by calling upon the equal-area criterion. Stability margins thus obtained are used to classify contingencies, select the \"interesting\" ones and, finally, rank and assess these latter. An 88-machine EPRI test system illustrates the technique and shows its ability to correctly handle the simulated contingencies, while complying with real-time computational requirements.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132928990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855740
J. Zhong, E. Bhattacharya
This paper models and addresses the various issues associated with reactive power procurement by an independent system operator functioning in a deregulated electricity market dominated by bilateral contracts. The reactive capability of a generator is modeled within an optimal power flow (OPF) framework. The optimum procurement of reactive power is obtained considering minimization of network losses and deviation from contracted transactions. The CIGRE 32 node network which approximately represents the Swedish system is used for the studies.
{"title":"Optimum VAr support procurement for maintenance of contracted transactions","authors":"J. Zhong, E. Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855740","url":null,"abstract":"This paper models and addresses the various issues associated with reactive power procurement by an independent system operator functioning in a deregulated electricity market dominated by bilateral contracts. The reactive capability of a generator is modeled within an optimal power flow (OPF) framework. The optimum procurement of reactive power is obtained considering minimization of network losses and deviation from contracted transactions. The CIGRE 32 node network which approximately represents the Swedish system is used for the studies.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"22 6S 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133133362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855737
M. McArdle, D. Morrow, P. Calvert, O. Cadel
Deregulation of the electric utilities has created unprecedented opportunities for growth in the market for diesel generator sets (of sizes up to 5 MVA). Until recently such plants were used, almost exclusively, for emergency stand-by purposes; but this is no longer the case. In order to extract the maximum benefit from this situation improvements must be made in the control and protection features incorporated in these gensets. The automatic voltage regulator (AVR) has a key role in these future developments. This paper describes the development of a digital AVR which can replace the existing analogue AVRs traditionally used. Further, it describes the application of a fuzzy tuning scheme as an approach to resolving conflicting control requirements. Results of step demand, load acceptance and rejection tests are provided for the comparison of the performance of the digital AVR with that of the traditional analogue devices.
{"title":"Implementation of a digital AVR for small alternators","authors":"M. McArdle, D. Morrow, P. Calvert, O. Cadel","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855737","url":null,"abstract":"Deregulation of the electric utilities has created unprecedented opportunities for growth in the market for diesel generator sets (of sizes up to 5 MVA). Until recently such plants were used, almost exclusively, for emergency stand-by purposes; but this is no longer the case. In order to extract the maximum benefit from this situation improvements must be made in the control and protection features incorporated in these gensets. The automatic voltage regulator (AVR) has a key role in these future developments. This paper describes the development of a digital AVR which can replace the existing analogue AVRs traditionally used. Further, it describes the application of a fuzzy tuning scheme as an approach to resolving conflicting control requirements. Results of step demand, load acceptance and rejection tests are provided for the comparison of the performance of the digital AVR with that of the traditional analogue devices.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134098867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855663
W. Luan, K. L. Lo, Y.X. Yu
Security assessment is to predict a power system's ability to withstand a set of next contingencies. An ANN-based pattern recognition method is used to perform static security assessment for power systems due to its potential in terms of speed and accuracy for online application. With the input pattern for ANN be composed of power system pre-contingency state described in busbar power injections (P, Q), the output pattern of ANN is composed of the performance index (PI) values of power system post-contingency state to a list of next contingencies. So the output vectors of ANN will indicate not only either 'secure' or 'insecure' state of the current system but also the severity of security limit violations under contingencies. To cope with the curse of dimensionality and improve efficiency of ANN, R-ReliefF algorithm is introduced to extract those variables that are with more discriminatory information from (P, Q) set to realise the nonlinear mapping from input space to output space. The proposed algorithm is tested on a 77-busbar practical power system with promising results.
{"title":"ANN-based pattern recognition technique for power system security assessment","authors":"W. Luan, K. L. Lo, Y.X. Yu","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855663","url":null,"abstract":"Security assessment is to predict a power system's ability to withstand a set of next contingencies. An ANN-based pattern recognition method is used to perform static security assessment for power systems due to its potential in terms of speed and accuracy for online application. With the input pattern for ANN be composed of power system pre-contingency state described in busbar power injections (P, Q), the output pattern of ANN is composed of the performance index (PI) values of power system post-contingency state to a list of next contingencies. So the output vectors of ANN will indicate not only either 'secure' or 'insecure' state of the current system but also the severity of security limit violations under contingencies. To cope with the curse of dimensionality and improve efficiency of ANN, R-ReliefF algorithm is introduced to extract those variables that are with more discriminatory information from (P, Q) set to realise the nonlinear mapping from input space to output space. The proposed algorithm is tested on a 77-busbar practical power system with promising results.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133785198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855685
P. Pals, R.M. Dunnett, C. Aldridge, A. Prangley
This paper presents a new method of calculating transmission loss factors. The method is distinctive by virtue of the fact that it takes account of the effect of transmission constraints. Since it does not rely on arbitrary slack node assumptions, but is based on a criterion of economic optimality, it produces cost-reflective market signals. The method is demonstrated to produce fundamentally different results from the conventional method. An example network is used to illustrate the method and a comparison is made between analytical and numerical results. This paper also presents an accurate way of calculating loss-adjusted nodal marginal prices, which does not rely on implicit slack node assumptions. It is shown that these prices can be approximated by initially ignoring the effect of losses and subsequently adjusting the resulting prices by the proposed constraint-adjusted transmission loss factors.
{"title":"Calculation of transmission loss factors in the presence of constraints","authors":"P. Pals, R.M. Dunnett, C. Aldridge, A. Prangley","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855685","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new method of calculating transmission loss factors. The method is distinctive by virtue of the fact that it takes account of the effect of transmission constraints. Since it does not rely on arbitrary slack node assumptions, but is based on a criterion of economic optimality, it produces cost-reflective market signals. The method is demonstrated to produce fundamentally different results from the conventional method. An example network is used to illustrate the method and a comparison is made between analytical and numerical results. This paper also presents an accurate way of calculating loss-adjusted nodal marginal prices, which does not rely on implicit slack node assumptions. It is shown that these prices can be approximated by initially ignoring the effect of losses and subsequently adjusting the resulting prices by the proposed constraint-adjusted transmission loss factors.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122043662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855710
H. Marmiroli, H. Suzuki
This paper describes a business transaction model and the Internet-based information architecture for the open electricity market. A power exchange is assumed to coordinate and manage the trade of energy and ancillary services in the day-ahead market through the Internet infrastructure. Indispensable characteristics for the exchange mechanism are efficiency, transparency and equitability; in order to guarantee these requirements we introduce an optimization process operated by the power exchange which ensures an appropriate evaluation of the generation offers for the available resources under some operational constraints. Further, in this paper, a market simulation approach is described. Several agents are developed to simulate offer strategies. Each agent automatically analyzes market information, and based on its own characteristic, submits an offer to the power exchange. The simulator can be utilized as a decision-making tool for market participants. The system is implemented utilizing JAVA distribution architecture, such as Web technologies and JAVA servlets.
{"title":"Web-based framework for electricity market","authors":"H. Marmiroli, H. Suzuki","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855710","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a business transaction model and the Internet-based information architecture for the open electricity market. A power exchange is assumed to coordinate and manage the trade of energy and ancillary services in the day-ahead market through the Internet infrastructure. Indispensable characteristics for the exchange mechanism are efficiency, transparency and equitability; in order to guarantee these requirements we introduce an optimization process operated by the power exchange which ensures an appropriate evaluation of the generation offers for the available resources under some operational constraints. Further, in this paper, a market simulation approach is described. Several agents are developed to simulate offer strategies. Each agent automatically analyzes market information, and based on its own characteristic, submits an offer to the power exchange. The simulator can be utilized as a decision-making tool for market participants. The system is implemented utilizing JAVA distribution architecture, such as Web technologies and JAVA servlets.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115962019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-04DOI: 10.1109/DRPT.2000.855674
S. Salman, I. Rida
Voltage magnitude of distribution networks is usually maintained within statutory limits by using on load tap changer transformers that are controlled by automatic voltage control (AVC) relays. Traditional AVC relay is usually equipped with compounding whose settings are chosen in such away to compensate for the voltage drop along the feeder(s) emanating from source substation. This paper presents an attempt to design an AVC relay based on the application of artificial neural networks (ANNs). The input data file used for the training of the proposed AVC relay is prepared using a power system load flow program, which is written in FORTRAN. In this paper the structure of the proposed ANN-based AVC relay is presented and the test results that show its performance are also presented and discussed.
{"title":"ANN-based AVC relay for voltage control of distribution network with and without embedded generation","authors":"S. Salman, I. Rida","doi":"10.1109/DRPT.2000.855674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DRPT.2000.855674","url":null,"abstract":"Voltage magnitude of distribution networks is usually maintained within statutory limits by using on load tap changer transformers that are controlled by automatic voltage control (AVC) relays. Traditional AVC relay is usually equipped with compounding whose settings are chosen in such away to compensate for the voltage drop along the feeder(s) emanating from source substation. This paper presents an attempt to design an AVC relay based on the application of artificial neural networks (ANNs). The input data file used for the training of the proposed AVC relay is prepared using a power system load flow program, which is written in FORTRAN. In this paper the structure of the proposed ANN-based AVC relay is presented and the test results that show its performance are also presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":127287,"journal":{"name":"DRPT2000. International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX382)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116835552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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